Navegando por Autor "CARVALHO, David Ferreira"

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 57

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alternativas de financiamento dos investimentos públicos: um resgate às contribuições de Keynes
(Associação Keynesiana Brasileira, 2021) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; SANTOS, Cleyson Silva dos; OLIVEIRA, Luana Isabel Silva de
The thirties are known by economists as being the decade of the Crisis of 29 and also the years of non-stagnation of the economic policy of the US government, as well as of several European countries. Keynesian economic policies, despite many successful experiences, have continued to be “attacked” since the launch of Master Keynes's General Theory. It is possible to attribute its success by significantly reducing unemployment rates, mainly by increasing public investment spending. This is because the main “weapon” that the government can use to reduce the high level of unemployment, when an economy is in a cyclical state of recession or depression, is public investment, preferably that investment in basic social capital and generation of socioeconomic infrastructure. In this article, we intend to discuss the economic importance of financing public investments and its implications, based on Keynes's theory. For this, it is urgent to adopt an exploratory-qualitative approach as a methodological procedure.The main conclusion is that government investment decisions, especially in public works of great socioeconomic reach, can break through the barrier of mistrust in relation to the uncertain future and recover the animal spirit of the investing entrepreneur in times of crisis. Keynes is certainly the right choice among the many economists who have contributed to the economic sciences, as it has motivated governments, statesmen, policy makers, the academy, and the opinion of those who support their systems of ideas in the literature of political philosophy and science economic conditions outside the mainstream.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de cluster da indústria de móveis de madeira do Pará
(2006-12) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; MENDES, Fernando Antônio Teixeira
It employs in this work the analysis multivariate technique on a varied set of data gathered by means of the questionnaires application in 84 companies of the industry of wooden furniture of Estado do Pará. The goal of the use of this technical is to reveal clusters industrial and her relations among variables of the competitiveness and of the cases (furniture companies) and then to select the nearest that form the industrial groupings.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise dos índices dos efeitos multiplicadores e das ligações para trás e para frente da renda, do produto e do emprego: uma abordagem a partir da matriz de contabilidade social do Brasil
(Universidade Salvador, 2018-08) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
The main objective of this paper is to analyze the multiplier effects of income, output and employment, as well as the inter-sectorial backward and forward linkages of income, output and employment of the key industries of the Brazilian economy in the years 2000, 2005 and 2010, based on Social Accouting Matrix (SAM) of Brazil. The research sought to analyze the interactive impacts caused by the transformation industry in its own internal sectors and sectors of other industries that form the Brazilian industrial system. The chain indices of dispersion power and dispersion sensitivity of the manufacturing industry over all sectors of the industrial system of the Brazilian economy based on SAM were also analyze. The article found that income that exceeds the portion of the purchase of inputs was spending by households, using the channels that result in extra demand on the products of the agricultural sector, through the liquid circular effect of Stone. Therefore, it strengthened demand links, which, in turn, catalyzed the process that led to the spread of national GDP growth. The role of the manufacturing industry is thus perceive as a key industry for the country's economy, especially as the back bond index and the forward index are high and their coefficients of variation low.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise sobre crescimento populacional e transição demográfica: limites e divergências
(União Atlântica de Pesquisadores, 2022-04) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The main objective of this article is to understand why population growth is seen as a "threat" to environmental balance and to the well-being of the population. From a methodological point of view, the article used exploratory-qualitative research. That said, it was possible to conclude that the results achieved through the process of demographic transition in the world, as well as the population level achieved in the current scenario, indicate favoring the theory proposed by Ester Boserup in opposition to the theoretical assumptions of Thomas Robert Malthus. This is so, among other reasons, due to the drop in human mortality, which made possible a considerable populationincrease. In fact, Boserup's theory, in addition to constituting one of the great divergences from the Malthusian population growth theory, became important in attesting that population growth implies growth for the agricultural sector, culminating in an increase in food production, the which drives technological advancement through technical-productive improvement and “intensive cultivation”and, by itself,minimizes the impacts on natural resources and biodiversity by promoting sustainable land use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análises dos testes de cointegração e de correção de erro dos preços do café e do cacau no mercado internacional de futuros e opções
(2007-06) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; RIBEIRO, Mário Ramos; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
In this paper is examined the properties of individuals time series of the prices of the coffee and cocoa in the international market, by means of owed tests, regard to stationarity and tests for unit roots. The distinction between longrun and short-run characteristics in time series has attracted much attention in the last decades. Long-run characteristics in economic and financial date are usually associated with non-stationarity time series and called trends, whereas short-run fluctuations are stationary time series and are called cycles. Economic and financial time series can be viewed as combinations of these components of trend and cycles. Moreover, the existence of common factors among two or more time series may have such that the combination of these time series demonstrates no features which the individual time series possess. There could be a common trend shared by two time series. If there is no further trend which exists in only one time series, then it is that these two time series are cointegrated. This kind of common factor analysis can be extended and applied to stationary time series as well, leading to idea of common cycles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Arranjos produtivos locais de agricultura temporária no estado do Pará: uma aplicação do modelo de análise de componentes principais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) CARVALHO, Abner Vilhena de; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; FILGUEIRAS, Gisalda Carvalho; ARAÚJO, Ana Cláudia de Sousa; SOARES, André Araújo Sombra
The objective of this article is to discuss the Local Productive Arrangements of temporary agriculture in the State of Pará, from the analysis of the cluster process, since they present a great potential for the formation of productive chains. The methodological procedure consists of the grouping of productive activities belonging to the same class, whose actions are completed in the production chain horizontally or vertically, which makes the model constructed through the analysis of principal components more robust. The main conclusion is that temporary crops are able to form the basis of potential APLs in Pará, even though the production of temporary crop products is still provided by small and medium producers and sold to intermediaries or directly to informal networks of the region. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a rural development policy aimed at production based on the rational cultivation of temporary crops capable of attracting rural agroindustries to the formation of productive chains.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Brasil como epicentro da crise da Covid-19 na América Latina e as prováveis consequências em estratificações socioeconômicas mais vulneráveis: uma perspectiva de compreensão do papel do estado e da social democracia centrada em John Maynard Keynes
(Universidad del Zulia, 2020-12) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; SANTOS, Cleyson Silva dos
In 2020, the structure of capitalism and liberalism proclaimed by several coun tries, including Brazil, was badly shaken by a serious health crisis. The enemy this time is invisible: COVID-19, an infectious disease, caused by the new coro navirus, declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Be cause of the COVID-19 mortality rate in Brazil, the country has become the epi center of the Latin America crisis. The economy has begun to emanate typical signs of a recession with projections of a decline in the GDP of up to 6.25%. In terms of socioeconomic stratification, the pandemic has accentuated social inequality, revealing old anomalies regarding the poor distribution of income, generating a greater deepening of poverty, a significant increase in unemplo yment and, principally, a worsening of racial, cultural, age, ethnic and gender discrimination. With this prolegomena in mind, it is possible to arrive at the fundamental objective of the article: to understand the role of the State and of social democracy - inspired by the theory of John Maynard Keynes – in times of the novel coronavirus and of the liberalist, authoritarian, denialist manage – ment of the President, Jair Messias Bolsonaro. To achieve this objective, the article will make use of exploratory and qualitative research methodology. The main conclusion is that Brazil urgently needs to rescue the welfare state – defended by Keynes – within the framework of social democracy, under threat of entering a state of conflagration and suffering a major post-coronavirus econo- mic depression with negative consequences for more vulnerable socio-econo- mic stratifications.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Complexo da indústria de alumínio e seus efeitos em cadeia para trás e para frente na economia da Amazônia
(Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, 2011-11) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
This article seeks to study the economic importance of the aluminum industry in the North to induce regional economic development and especially their ability to perform autonomous drivers of investment income multiplier effects, output and employment, as well as effective investment to induce the formation sectoral linkages effects called "backward" and "forward" in order to structure vertical supply chains, contributing to the formation of a true industrial complex aluminum linked to other activities in the local economy of the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Complexo industrial de alumínio e seus efeitos na economia da Amazônia: uma análise estrutural centrada na matriz de contabilidade social
(Universidade Salvador, 2011-12) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
This article seeks to study the economic importance of the alumi num industry in the North to induce regional economic development and especially their ability to perform autonomous drivers of investment income multiplier effects, output and employment, as well as effective investment to induce the formation sectoral linkages effects called “ba ckward” and “forward” in order to structure vertical supply chains, contributing to the formation of a true industrial complex aluminum linked to other activities in the local economy of the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A concepção de movimentos cíclicos em tempos de crise pandêmica: implicações socioeconômicas da Covid-19 no Brasil
(Unversidad del Zulia, 2022-07) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
Economic cycles have a dynamic that manifests itself in the form of waves. The inflection from the economic boom phase to the recession phase is the moment of crisis. Disregarded by many, it can be said that the effects of the pandemic crisis resulting from Covid-19 have gained typical implications of a major global crisis, especially in Brazil. In this pandemic scenario, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global economy has been inserted into a serious socioeconomic crisis. The fundamental objective of this article is to discuss the conceptual conception of crisis and cyclical movements in times of the Covid-19 pandemic and the main socioeconomic implications in Brazil. To achieve this objective, the article will use exploratory and qualitative research methodology. The main conclusion is that the pandemic crisis brought to Brazil a series of economic problems, such as unemployment and high inflation, but the most serious fact was the social problems, mainly the significant increase in poverty and social inequality. . The use of “auxílio emergencial”, as a counter-cyclical policy and to support the most vulnerable social stratifications in times of a pandemic, was extremely important for having created a “mattress” of social protection. However, based on a series of official data, it can be said that the Bolsonaro government was unable to succeed in its endeavor to mitigate the socioeconomic impacts of the Covid-19 crisis in Brazil, much of it due to denialist rhetoric and a lot of disinformation (fake news) about vaccines.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crecimiento y evolución económica-espacial de los suicidios en Brasil: Durkhein en la perspectiva de la econometría espacial
(Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales S.L., 2018-08) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; BASTOS, Rodolpho Zahluth
In Brazil, there has been a significant increase in the growth and evolution of suicides in states such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. However, little attention has been paid to research on suicide in other Brazilian states, especially in the North and Northeast. Suicide in Brazil is a typical case of public health, but also a problem of economic and social order. Thus, the main objective of this article is to evaluate the determinant factors - economic, social and public health - of the suicide rate in the federal states of Brazil between the years 1980-2010. For this, Durkheim's Suicide Theory will be adopted from the statistical-econometric point of view of spatial econometrics, since it allows to evaluate the spatial dependence relation between the suicide rates of the Brazilian neighboring states. The main conclusion is that there is an association between the per capita income and the suicide rate of the Brazilian states. However, there is an inverse relationship so that if per capita income increases the tendency is to decrease suicide rate. Therefore, the increase in the number of suicide in Brazil must be understood as a public, social and, fundamentally, economic health problem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Credit rationing and high interest rates: an application of structural vector autoregression and vector error-correction models
(Universidade de São Paulo, 2014) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
This article analyzes the behavior of monetary policy credit rationing in Brazil, mainly the performance of the supply of private bank loans due to the oscillations in the default rate and borrowing base interest rate.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crescimento e evolução dos suicídios nas unidades federativas brasileiras: utilizando Durkhein e econometria espacial
(Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 2018-12) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crescimento econômico na fronteira e dinâmica urbana na Amazônia: uma abordagem histórica
(2012-06) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The aim of this paper is to outline a historical analysis of the effects of insertion of the Amazon in Pará in the international and national actions through international coordination of policies and national integration on the socio-spatial formation of the State of Pará, mainly focusing about the process of urbanization. The periodization adopted to describe and analyze the process of space-occupying territory of Para economy does not follow the criteria of the traditional product life cycles, such as the cycle of drugs from the interior, rubber, livestock, mining, but the criterion of identifying the key characteristics of the patterns of settlement and economic development in the socioeconomic determinations involving the formation of domestic and international market with the mediation of the state.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crise financeira, recessão e risco de depressão no capitalismo globalizado do século XXI
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The Great Depression of the 1930s is considered until today as the most serious disease of the economic which endangered the existence of modern capitalism. Until now, economists investigate the causes of this terrible pandemic. Hyman Minsky, following the trail of John M. Keynes, developed theories of financial fragility and instability that explain the causes of financial crisis in contemporary capitalism. The large current global recession has its origin in the subprime crisis that occurred in 2008 in the U.S. and spread to the rest of the world. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the causes and effects of the crisis of contemporary capitalism that has as its epicenter in the USA and then spread to the EuroZone and the rest of the world, including Brazil, with the risk of another Great Depression at the beginning of the XXI Century.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crise financeira, recessão e risco de depressão no capitalismo globalizado do século XXI: impactos nos EUA, zona do euro e Brasil
(Associação Keynesiana Brasileira, 2012-08) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The Great Depression of the 1930s is considered until today as the most serious disease of the economic which endangered the existence of modem capitalism. Until now, economists investigate the causes of this terrible pandemic. Hyman Minsky, following the trail of John Maynard Keynes, developed theories of financial fragility and instability that explain the causes of financial crisis in contemporary capitalism. The large current global recession has its origin in the subprime crisis that occurred in 2.008 in the U.S. and spread to the rest of the world. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the causes and effects of the crisis of contemporary capitalism that has as its epicenter in the USA and then spread to the EuroZone and the rest of the world, including Brazil, with the risk of another Great Depression at the beginning of the XXI Century.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As críticas de Karl Marx e John Maynard Keynes à teoria (neo)clássica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-12) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
Say's Law is nothing more than a principle or axiom that today serves as a basis to support the theoretical framework of neoclassical economics. The criticism against this principle in Keynes's General Theory was so overwhelming that eventually causing a division in economics: classical economics (sustained by the principle Say) and saving Keynes (underpinned by the principle of effective demand). In this context, this paper discusses the original formulation of Say's Law, as the basic principle of sustaining the economy of the classical and neoclassical, and its connection with the formulation of the Law of Walras, as well as presenting the criticism that John M. Keynes and Karl Marx did to this axiom.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O déficit do sistema previdenciário brasileiro: análise econômica para o período de 1995-2018
(Universidad del Zulia, 2019-09) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; AIRES, Alana Paula de Araújo
At the present juncture, the social security model in Brazil represents a serious structural problem of Brazilian public accounts. It is precisely in this context that the country is undergoing the need for emergency imposition of a “pension reform” with the purpose, above all, of making the constitutional rights of Brazilian workers more flexible. In general terms, the problem of the social security deficit is caused by the financial imbalance of the Brazilian social security system, which is manifested at the moment that the income is less than the expense. This problem characterizes the crisis of the social security system, which is due to several reasons: 1) gradual aging of the population; 2) reduction of population growth; 3) difficulty in making changes or adjustments to the rules of pensions through a pension reform; and 4) changes in the labor market. In this context, we identify the research problem; we can formulate, from now on, the fundamental objective of this article: to investigate and subsequently discuss the determinant causes of the deficit of the social security regime in between 2005- 2018, which put the country in this in a crisis condition. The main conclusion is that part of social security revenue, instead of financing pensions, is simply diverted to other uses or used as an available financial asset, which ends up imparting a vain idea of a high primary surplus by reducing net debt consolidating the Union, providing an imaginary perception of sustainability to the federal government’s solvency indicators and the Central Bank’s credibility with the financial market.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento regional e a dinâmica das cidades na Amazônia paraense: uma abordagem histórica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-07) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; OLIVEIRA, Cléo Conceição Resque de
The purpose of this paper is to outline a historical analysis of the effects of insertion of the Amazon in Pará recent national and international context, in its general features, through the actions of national integration policies on the socio-spatial formation of Pará – Para Amazon – with emphasis on the process of urbanization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desigualdade de renda, desemprego e pobreza nas regiões metropolitanas do Brasil: uma perspectiva heterodoxa
(Associação Keynesiana Brasileira, 2019) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; RODRIGUES, Phelipe da Silva
The present paper aims to deal with the theoretical and empirical view of the evolution of income inequality, unemployment and poverty in the Brazilian metropolitan regions from 2001 to 2011. For this purpose, it is necessary to recover the theoretical framework from the theories of John Maynard Keynes and even Hyman Philip Minsky. The main conclusion is that the social diagnosis, during this period, showed an impressive reduction in income inequality and poverty. In this way, it can be seen that the reduction of income inequalities are extremely important parameters for the expansion of the national domestic market. On the other hand, family income transfer programs, such as “Bolsa Família”, have contributed to the reduction of absolute poverty. Last, but not least, the results obtained through social indicators could attest to this fact.