Navegando por Autor "SILVA, Suleima do Socorro Bastos da"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comportamento alimentar do Cuxiú-Preto (Chiroptes Satanas) na área de influência do Reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-03-21) SILVA, Suleima do Socorro Bastos da; FERRARI, Stephen Francis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3447608036151352
Constructed in 1985, the Tucuruí hydroelectric power station created a 2430 lun2 lake (3°43'-5°15’S, 49°12'-50°00'W), and restricted populations of the southem bearded saki (Chiropotes satanas), an endangered primate, to a series of islands and other habitat fragments. This study took place at two sites on the lake's right bank, one in continuous forest (T4) and the other on a small island of 16.3 hectares (Su), with groups of 34 and seven sakis, respectively. The principal objective was an evaluation of the influence of habitat fragmentation on the sakis' foraging behaviour. Basic data were collected in one-minute scan samples with a five-minute interval, whereas foraging behaviour was recorded in greater detail in focal-tree samples, and behavioural sampling. Basic behavioural categories were locomotion, rest, forage, feed, and social interaction, with a number of subcategories. Between July and December 2002, 3503 scan records were obtained for group T4, and 835 for group Su. 'The activity budget of T4 was 55.8% locomotion, 21.7% feed, 16.1% rest, 3.6% forage, and 2.8% social interactions. Feeding was recorded at a similar proportion (22.4%) for Su, although this group spent significantly less time in locomotion (45.9%), and more at rest (27.0%). A major difference was also found in the number of plant species exploited for the dietary resources, 40 for T4 (Arecaceae being the most important family) but only 22 for Su (Lecythidaceae), although no significant difference was found in the diversity of their diets. The composition of their diets was significantly different, however, the major item for T4 was immature seeds (the mesocarp of palm fruits was also important), whereas the consumption of flowers — practically all from the species Alexa grandiflora (Leguminosae) — was very frequent in Su. The differences between groups seem to be at least partly related to that in their home ranges, which was 68.9 hectares for T4 and only 16.3 ha (the whole island) for Su. Aspects of the behaviour of group Su members, such as increased rest and feeding on flowers, may reflect the effects of habitat fragmentation on their ecology, with negative implications for the group's long term survival. It is hoped that these results will make a significant contribution to the development of effective conservation strategies at this endangered primata as well in the fragmented landscape of eastern Amazonia.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Regulação comportamental em caititus (Pecari tajacu): o efeito da estrutura social na função reprodutiva de fêmeas em cativeiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05-02) SILVA, Suleima do Socorro Bastos da; GUIMARÃES, Diva Anelie de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2891287458034896
The failure in the fertility of adult female collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) bred in captivity are a restrictive factor for the efficiency of production and needs further investigation. Assess the reproductive function of females reared under intensive rearing system was the objective of this research. Twenty females were monitored in family groups (controls) for 60 days, and experimental groups (female descendants grouped with unrelated males and in the absence of parents), for more 60 days. The agonistic interactions, submission, friendly and sex were recorded three times a week, social dominance was assessed by Elo-rating method and the social preference by frequency of friendly interactions. Blood was collected for measurement of plasma progesterone by solid phase radioimmunoassay and pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasound examination. In three of the four control groups, the parents remained in the highest positions in the hierarchy while in the experimental group stage, the female descendants occupied the highest posts. The frequency of received friendly interactions depended on the sex and the condition (H = 142 991 p <0.01) whereas females mothers received, on average, 2.21 times more interactions than other individuals. Males and females received equal frequencies in the experimental groups. The estrus lasted 3.6 ± 1.0 days with progesterone at 1.2 ± 0.6 ng / mL and higher frequency of copulations in the final third of this period. Sexual interactions increased during estrus in females (P = 0.0019) and males (P <0.0009), which intensified their frequency of olfactory inspection. Copulations were recorded in the early pregnancy. All pluriparous females (heavier, older and dominant) showed reproductive activity (cyclicity or pregnancy) while seven nulliparous females had periods of anestrus, short (16 days) or long (60 days) in the control group. In the experimental group all nulliparous and primiparous mated and 14 pups were born, however, only five remained after seven days of life. We demonstrate the presence of the dominance of the parents on the progeny and a mechanism for reproductive inhibition in family groupings. We suggest that nulliparous females of reproductive age are relocated from their original group for groups with unrelated males, ensuring the reproductive potential of creation and access to food, space and other resources generally preferred prioritized by dominant individuals.