Navegando por Autor "SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de aproximações das concepções presentes em questões associadas ao ensino de química aplicadas no novo ENEM com as concepções do enfoque CTS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06) SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade; BRITO, Licurgo Peixoto de
The National High School Examination (Enem) comprehends the evaluation of skills and competences fundamental to the exercise of citizenship, one of the objectives of the Science, Technology and Society (STS) approach. This qualitative research, which also adopts quantitative standards, has the objective of analyzing STS concepts in the issues associated to the chemistry teaching of this exam, in the period between 2009 to 2015 (new Enem), and the factors that influence these relations. For this, it was necessary to analyze the content and the structure of the questions associated to the teaching of Chemistry, examining if and how occurred the approximation of these questions with the principles of the STS educational perspective, and what conditions determine the mediation of this relation of proximity. As an instrument for analyzing the questions, the Discursive Textual Analysis (ATD) was used. Among the 156 analyzed questions, which are pertinent to the teaching of Chemistry, 46.1% did not present an approximation with the principles of the STS approach; 32.1% showed an apparent relationship with these assumptions and 21.8% were associated with the principles of the STS approach. The results showed that the questions of the new Enem presented proximity, at different levels, to the theoretical principles of the STS approach.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da distribuição das concentrações de mercúrio total em sedimentos, rejeitos, solos e solos com TPA, na bacia do rio Rato-Itaituba/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1995-08-20) SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade; RAMOS, José Francisco da Fonseca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8189651755374537
The rio Rato located in Itaituba, SW of Pará State, is the principal mercury mining center of the region. The surveied stretch of approximatly 60 km, suffers a great environmental impact, due to gold mining activities. Two field campaigns were conducted and 161 samples were collected for analysis. Total mercury content was determined by cold vapor atomic absorption (CVAS), prior to chemical diggestion with H2SO4, HNO3 and V2O5. The mercury concentration was determined in stream sediments, mining tailings, soils and black earth archeological soils. Organic carbon and loss on ignition (LOI) were also determined to correlate with mercury data. Statistical parameters, such as minimum, maximum, average and standard deviation were used to evaluate the pollution degree of the area and also for comparison with data from other studies. Samples were distributed in seven groups according to field campaign period, type of sample and sample site. For all types of samples, the results obtained from the first field campaign were higher than those from the second campaign, indicating that mining activities are more intense during the dry season. Significant correlation between mercury concentrations and other two variables (organic carbon and LOI) was observed only in a few sample. This observation support the alleatority of the contaminations, and shows that mercury distribution depends on the type of explotation, season, granulometry and sample location. Most samples show mercury concentrations greater than the regional background, which represents a general enviromental contamination.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
The ceramic artifacts in archaeological black earth (terra preta) from Lower Amazon Region, Brazil: chemistry and geochemical evolution
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2004-09) COSTA, Marcondes Lima da; KERN, Dirse Clara; PINTO, Alice Helena Eleotério; SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade
This paper carried out a chemical investigation of archaeological ceramic artifacts found in archaeological sites with Black Earth (ABE) in the Lower Amazon Region at Cachoeira-Porteira, State of Pará, Brazil. The ceramic artifacts, mostly of daily use, belong to Konduri culture (from 900 to 400 years BP). They are constituted of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O,3, Na2O and P2O5; SiO2 and Al2O3 together add up to 80 % and indicate influence of acid rocks, transformed into clay minerals basically kaolinite. The relative high contents of P2O5 (2.37 % in average) come out as (Al,Fe)-phosphate, an uncommon fact in primitive red ceramics, but found in some roman and egyptian archaeological sites. The contents of the trace elements are similar or below the Earth's crust average. This chemical composition (except P2O5) detaches saprolite material derived acid igneous rocks or sedimentary ones as the main raw material of the ceramics. The contents of K, Na and Ca represent the feldspars and rock fragments possibly introduced into saprolitic groundmass, indicated by mineralogical studies. The presence of cauixi and cariapé as well as quartz sand was confirmed by optical microscope, SEM analyses and by the high silica contents of ceramic fragments. Phosphorus was possibly incorporated into groundmass during cooking of foods, and ABE soil profile formation developed on yellow Latosols. The raw materials and its tempers (cauixi, or cariapé, feldspar, crushed rocks, old ceramic artifacts and quartz fragments) are found close to the sites and therefore and certainly came from them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
The ceramic artifacts in archaeological black earth (terra preta) from lower Amazon region, Brazil: Mineralogy
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2004) COSTA, Marcondes Lima da; KERN, Dirse Clara; PINTO, Alice Helena Eleotério; SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade
Several archaeological black earth (ABE) sites occur in the Amazon region. They contain fragments of ceramic artifacts, which are very important for the archaeological purpose. In order to improve the archaeological study in the region we carried out a detailed mineralogical and chemical study of the fragments of ceramic artifacts found in the two ABE sites of Cachoeira-Porteira, in the Lower Amazon Region. Their ceramics comprise the following tempers: cauixi, cariapé, sand, sand +feldspars, crushed ceramic and so on and are composed of quartz, clay equivalent material (mainly burned kaolinite), feldspars, hematite, goethite, maghemite, phosphates, anatase, and minerals of Mn and Ba. Cauixi and cariapé, siliceous organic compounds, were found too. The mineralogical composition and the morphology of their grains indicate a saprolite (clayey material rich on quartz) derived from fine-grained felsic igneous rocks or sedimentary rocks as source material for ceramic artifacts, where silica-rich components such cauixi, cariapé and/or sand (feldspar and rock fragments) were intentionally added to them. The high content of (Al,Fe)-phosphates, amorphous to low crystalline, must be product of the contact between the clayey matrix of pottery wall and the hot aqueous solution formed during the daily cooking of animal foods (main source of phosphor). The phosphate crystallization took place during the discharge of the potteries put together with waste of organic material from animal and vegetal origin, and leaving to the formation of the ABE-soil profile.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
CTS no contexto do novo ENEM e do ensino de química
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-07) SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade; BRITO, Licurgo Peixoto de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100592138044970; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8363-8971
The National Secondary Education Examination (ENEM), established in 1998, has become, over the years, the main process of evaluation of Basic Education in Brazil, projecting itself as an important element of dissemination of new educational values. The concept of evaluation incorporates a proposed evaluation of the development of skills and core competencies to the full exercise of citizenship, one of the STS approach objectives, through interdisciplinary items involving secondary education subject knowledge, in which chemistry is inserted. In this context, this qualitative research aimed to analyze, based on the assumptions of the STS curriculum perspective, the relations between the skills and abilities (C & H) of Natural Sciences and their ENEM Technologies (CNT) with questions associated with Chemistry education of this examination in the period 2009-2015 (new ENEM) and the factors that influence these relationships. The exploratory reading of documents and scientific papers on the Enem and on STS, as well as my teaching experience, allow me to infer, a priori, the existence of some level of approximation between the STS focus on documents and Enem questions. This perception instigates me to research how and to what extent this occurs. Therefore, we investigate how occur the approximations between the theoretical assumptions of the STS approach with the CNT competencies and skills and the questions associated with the teaching of chemistry applied in the new Enem. For this, we must ensure that the competencies and abilities have associations with the theoretical assumptions of the STS perspective, in addition to analyzing the content and structure of the questions associated with the chemistry teaching, examining whether and how it occurred to approach these issues with the STS educational perspective principles and what conditions determine the mediation of this proximity relationship. To obtain the information it was used three data collection techniques: observation, verification of official documents of the Brazilian education and analysis of questions applied to the new ENEM. As question analysis tool it was used the Textual Analysis Discourse (TAD). Excerpts from interviews with teachers question makers from UFPA were utilized to support the discussions of the results obtained. The results showed that whereas C & H Natural Sciences and their Technologies have a strong association with the assumptions of the STS educational perspective, the new 11 ENEM questions present approximation at different levels from the theoretical framework of the STS approach. The results also showed that among the 156 analyzed questions, and which are associated with the teaching of Chemistry, those with the highest occurrence are those that do not provide this approximation. We conclude that the affinities between the natural sciences competencies and skills and their Enem Technologies with the issues associated with the teaching of chemistry for this examination, in relation to the STS approach, occur insufficiently for various reasons, and factors such as for example, the educational model in Brazil, the traditional formation of teachers question makers and the little understanding of this curriculum conception converge for this lack of concordance. Although it is evident the need for greater linkage of the questions with the STS approach, this research seeks to provide contributions to a more meaningful chemistry education and provides a detailed analysis of the Enem chemistry items, aiming to subsidize the construction of questions with knowledge that get closer to the STS educational perspective, which constitutes a strong current trend in the teaching of Chemistry and Natural Sciences.