Dissertações em Doenças Tropicais (Mestrado) - PPGDT/NMT
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3559
O Mestrado Acadêmico em Doenças Tropicais iniciou em 2004 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical (NMT) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estudo da função tímica em portadores de HTLV-1 com PET/MAH(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) GOMES, Jéssica Antonia Nunes; FUZII, Hellen Thais; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0026958665547973In HTLV-1 infeccions 90% of carriers remain asymptomatic, 2-3% develop Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and 0.25-4% develop HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). In HAM/TSP, specific CD8 + T cell infiltrates are found in the marrow that destroy infected CD4 + T cells, leading to a chronic activated immune response. Recently emigrated T cells (or naïve T cells) have excised circles by the rearrangement of T cell receptor (TREC) genes that do not double in cell proliferation, being a good indicator to quantify the number of naïve T cells and thus evaluate the thymic function. This study aimed to verify the thymic function of patients with HTLV-1 infection by quantifying the number of TREC in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This is a cross-sectional, analytical study of 39 patients over 18 years of age, divided into two groups: HAM/TSP (PET) and without HAM/TSP (NPET). We performed a clinical and physiotherapeutic evaluation, blood collection, lymphomononuclear cell separation, DNA and RNA extraction, absolute TREC curve, DNA and RNA quantification, TREC particle detection and quantification, cDNA synthesis, cytokine IL-7 and statistical analysis with the Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman's correlation, with p ≤ 0.05 as significance level. Of the 39 patients studied, two were excluded from the study because they presented autoimmune disease. Regarding the comparison between groups of TREC quantification: there was a difference between the PET and NPET groups (p = 0.01), in patients with age ≤59 years between the PET and NPET groups (p = 0.04), in the (p = 0.003) and the group with a wheelchair and without a wheelchair (p = 0.05). As for the comparison of IL-7 gene expression between groups: in the NPET group there was a difference between the group ≤59 years and the ≥60 years (p = 0.02), in the female there was a difference between the PET and NPET groups (p = 0.04). Thymic function was impaired in patients with HTLV-1 with HAM/TSP compared to those without HAM/TSP, as there was a loss in naïve T cell production in this population, shown by the differences between variables in both PET and NPET groups With respect to the quantification of TREC. Although the importance of this compromise in the triggering and / or evolution of HAM/TSP is not yet clear, it is inferred that the reduction of naïve T cell production can alter the immunological response in these patients, directly affecting their clinical picture.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Polarização de resposta dos macrófagos e suas possíveis implicações na imunopatogênese da Doença de Hansen(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016) SOUSA, Jorge Rodrigues de; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3350166863853054Leprosy is a disease that causes changes in the tissue and in the course of the immune response. Macrophages are one of the main cells which participating in the response against M. leprae. These cells undergo a differentiation process, modifying their behavior and polarizing the response between the classical pathway, composed of M1 macrophages that produce pro-inflammatory mediators and the alternative pathway known as restorative pathway having as representative M2 macrophages and their subtypes that produce anti-inflammatory cytokines. In Hansen's disease, there are few studies that discuss the ways of polarization in the spectrum of the disease. In order to understand the behavior of the cell in the polar form soft he disease, this study investigated the ways of macrophage response polarization and its possible implications for Hansen's disease. We used 33 blocks with skin fragments of patients with confirmed diagnosis for the disease according to the Ridley and Jopling criteria. The distribution of cases: 17 were tuberculoid and 16 lepromatous. The immunohistochemical method was used for the investigation of the markers CD68, CD163, arginase 1, iNOS, STAT3, FGF b, TGF-β and cytokines, IL-10, IL-13, IL-22 in skin lesions. The results showed a statistically significant difference among the groups and the expression of CD68, CD163, enzymes, growth factors, cytokines and STAT3 were higher in lepromatous forms when compared tuberculoid form. In the correlation analysis, it was observed the synergism between the response of anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, arginase 1 and CD163 in lepromatous form. In the context of iNOS response in susceptible pole of the disease, the study points to a new approach involving iNOS, STAT3 and IL-22 behavior and this new relationship in Hansen's disease, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the markers in the lepromatous form. This study concludes: the markers that compose the response of M1 and M2 macrophages are an alternative for a better understanding of innate immune response, in polar forms of the disease increasing the role of cytokines, enzymes, and receptors in the microbicidal response, repair and suppression in the lepromatous form of the disease.