Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia - PPGZOOL/ICB

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2343

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOOL) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) foi consolidado como um convênio entre Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 2 de 2

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia urbana de uma abelha nativa: respostas comportamentais de colônias de uruçu amarela (Melipona flavolineata, Apidae, Meliponini) às variações climáticas em um gradiente de urbanização
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02) GATTY, Dora Carmela Ramirez; VEIGA, Jamille Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2287525928643401; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-7554-2785; CONTRERA, Felipe Andrés León; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0888006271965925; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-5048
Urbanization can generate changes in the structure of the environment, also affecting physical- chemical processes. These changes over time have caused the loss of habitats and with them the reduction of populations of stingless bees, which are a group of insects important for the maintenance of ecosystems. Stingless bee populations, unlike the Apis genus, are at risk of reducing their population because they are not very flexible to changes and their possibility of adapting to urbanized areas is very low. For this reason, our study aimed to know the urban ecology of the stingless bee species Melipona flavolineata, measuring their responses in foraging behavior and posture to climatological parameters in environments with different degrees of urbanization (agroforestry-semi- urban and urban). We observed 12 colonies of M. flavolineata for five months. The observations were weekly, alternating internal and external activity. The rate of foraging (weekly average) was evaluated from 7:00 am to 11:00 am (time of greatest foraging) and bees were counted back to the colony, parallel to this process, data of temperature, relative humidity, luminosity and barometric pressure were recorded. The laying rate (weekly average) was assessed for four consecutive days in the corresponding week. The results showed that the climatological parameters had a high variation in the three collection points, affecting the performance of the bees. Barometric pressure and relative humidity had a positive and significant effect on pollen collection. Relative humidity and temperature had a positive and significant effect with the nectar foraging; barometric pressure had a negative, non- significant effect. The laying rate was higher as the relative humidity was added, showing a positive relationship; barometric pressure had a positive, but not significant, effect. The relationships between the foraging rate and the laying rate; as well as the relationship between the pollen foraging rate and the nectar foraging rate, were positive and significant and did not differ between environments, just by the amplitude of the data. Thus, we conclude that the stingless bee M. flavolineata is a species that is not tolerant of completely urbanized areas, and its capacity to adapt to environments with unfavorable environmental conditions is very limited, as its activities are restricted by high climatic variations and probably by the scarcity of food resources. In this sense, it would be good to implement studies of the urban ecology of smaller species, and to add in the studies of responses to climatic factors the barometric pressure parameter which, according to our results, affects the behavior of stingless bees
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O efeito das espécies raras e comuns na diversidade funcional de aves florestais em uma paisagem dominada por palma-de-dendê na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03) PINHEIRO, Beatriz Tavares; ALMEIDA, Sara Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2785084573828283; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-8372-5482; SANTOS, Marcos Pérsio Dantas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7941154223198901; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8819-867X
The advance of agro-industry in the Amazon is a major threat to biodiversity, causing intense deforestation to make way for cattle ranching and monocultures such as palm oil. Forest loss can alter the distribution and population size of rare species that are limited in number of individuals or area of occurrence, affecting the functional structure of communities and ecosystem services. In this study, we assessed the contribution of rare and common species to the functional diversity of forest bird communities in a landscape dominated by oil palm plantations. Bird sampling was conducted using a point count method in oil palm plantations and forest fragments in the eastern Amazon, Brazil. A total of 232 bird species was recorded, of which 198 occurred in the fragments and 53 in plantations. For each species occurring in forest fragments, we calculated a rarity index combining local abundance, geographic range and habitat specificity. We calculated functional richness (FRic), functional originality (FOri), functional specialization (FSpe) and community-weighted trait means (CWM), and compared them between forest and plantation communities considering three scenarios: 1) total pool of species recorded in forest versus plantation; 2) rarest species are removed from forest; and 3) more common species are removed from forest.There was a clear difference in trait composition between the two habitats. Removal of rare species increased functional diversity, but decreased functional redundancy. In contrast, the removal of common species reduced FOri and FSpe values, demonstrating that common forest bird species make unique functional contributions. We conclude that the loss of both rare and common species affects forest bird communities, and that it is essential to conserve and protect forested areas to ensure ecosystem health and resilience.

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