Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Barragem e Gestão Ambiental - PEBGA/NDAE/Tucuruí
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9395
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Barragem e Gestão Ambiental - PEBGA/NDAE/Tucuruí por CNPq "CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise computacional do rompimento hipotético da barragem de Tucuruí-PA com o auxílio do software Mike Flood(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-10-10) SANTOS, Marlon Braga dos; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378; SANTOS, Viviane Almeida dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1489376127395764Present work seeks to elaborate flood maps and to perform the flood wave analysis, due to the hypothetical break of the dam of the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Power Plant (Tucuruí HPP), using commercial software MIKE FLOOD. For such purpose, are considered, the overtopping scenario and the total rupture of the Tucuruí HPP concrete dam. Methodology adopted for the research consisted of the collection of technical information regarding the damming, in addition the hydrological study of the areas upstream and downstream of the dam, that are essential for the definition of the input parameters in the computational model to be elaborated. Computational hydrodynamic modeling was carried out in three stages: the first consisted of an one-dimensional analysis in MIKE 11 software; subsequently, with the MIKE 21 software, the triangular calculation mesh was generated for the two-dimensional analysis; and finally, the coupled analysis of the two models previously developed with the MIKE FLOOD software was proceeded. Results indicated areas of flood of up to 84.71 km² for the first one hundred and ten minutes after the rupture gap formation, with a reaction time of approximately eight minutes for the resident population in the urban area of Tucuruí, indicating high potential of loss of human life. It should be noted that the hypothetical floodplain covers residential areas and the commercial center of the city, as well as several urban facilities and public agencies, in addition of one of the most important access roads to the city, BR 422, which restricts the definition of evacuation of the affected population. Thus, it is concluded that the consequences of the rupture of the Tucuruí HPP for the analyzed scenario justify the elaboration of an Emergency Action Plan that guarantees the population security the downstream and that minimizes the economic and environmental impacts resulting from such event.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Desenvolvimento de uma plataforma de hardware e software livres para monitoramento remoto e instrumentação de barragens(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-09) BEZERRA, Ábner Cézar Santos; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378; FÜLBER, Heleno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5018616409948511This work aims to develop a pilot project of an online Monitoring System for implementation in dam instrumentation, using a platform and free software. The research methodology was carried out in 6 stages, as follows: the literature review; the selection of the development board; the development of a data logger; the development of an application for analog sensor reading; the implementation of the Monitoring System in a controlled environment and the implementation of the Monitoring System in the field. Finally, the conclusions obtained with the elaboration of this research were: the chosen development board, the ESP8266, had a satisfactory performance, being able to be programmed by the Arduino development environment, besides having wifi connection, which allowed the construction of a Data Logger that uses a wireless network, with IP addressing for data presentation. The application created, developed in IDE Android Studio, had satisfactory answer, being able to log in the IP address of the Data Logger, and present the user, in real time, the results on screen. Controlled environment tests were performed to verify the response of a pressure sensor, and in the field, where it was possible to obtain trend curves in each of these environments with great precision, however, by comparing the curves obtained with the curve. standardized calibration, only the convergence of the readings values up to the value of the head height equal to 3 mca was observed, whereas values of head height of 3 to 6 m.c.a. demonstrated approximately 1% dispersion from the standard curve and readings above 6 m.c.a. presented dispersion greater than 5%. This was only possible to identify because the application has a sampling period of 800 milliseconds, thus ensuring a reading in practically real time.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Interpretação e aplicação dos níveis de controle do monitoramento geotécnico na avaliação de segurança de barragens de mineração(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-11) SOUZA, Deni Otávio Oliveira de; LIMA NETO, Aarão Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0287664572311345The importance of monitoring and analyzing dams' safety in reducing the risk imposed by these structures is well known. Structural monitoring aims at various objectives ranging from evaluating the performance against the projected, evaluating the safety of the structure and establishing new theories. However, instrumentation has been increasingly biased to support the stability analysis, and consequently, to limit the safety evaluation of the projects. If it was not enough to limit the role of monitoring in the projects and citations of legislation, it was very important for a tool, called by some professionals as a risk chart, which establishes levels of control, attention, alert and emergency related to reading of each instrument. However, these control or reference levels may be being used widely and mistakenly to determine dam safety by overlapping or superseding judgment by engineering professionals in many cases. In addition, criteria for the application of a methodology for the elaboration of levels of control through the deterministic method were presented, considering the instruments that make up the main section of a mining dam, applying a methodology to define the levels of attention, alert and instrument, in order to assist in the prior analysis of the structure monitoring data and to automatically identify possible deviations in the instrument reading pattern. In this way, limits were established for the control levels of the instruments and the results obtained were used in the implementation of a pre-alarm system associated to a standard response procedure in relation to the level of control informed, with the purpose of improving the control and safety of the structure. Finally, this work sought to reflect on the application of this monitoring control tool in the safety of mining dams, making a critical analysis of technical concepts applied to the risk analysis of the structure, which led to a conclusion that the nomenclatures used for control levels and widely used risk charts should be reviewed so that they are not mistakenly associated with the risk of the structure or the Emergency Action Plans of mining dams.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Investigação da causa da fratura na haste do cilindro hidráulico da comporta do vertedouro da UHE Tucuruí(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-16) MOREIRA, Davi Carvalho; MERLIN, Bruno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7336467549495208This research presents an investigation of the causes of the fracture in a piston rod of he hydraulic cylinder that moves the spillway floodgate of the hydroelectric power plant of Tucuruí, after 30 years of service. The chemical analysis and tensile tests confirmed that the piston rod material meets the design specification corresponding to AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel, with J-Factor and P-Factor indicating that the material is susceptible to temper embrittlement. The analysis of the fractured surface, using a scanning electron microscope, showed a totally martensite structure with δ-ferrite, promoting a strong negative effect on the mechanical properties of the steel, reducing impact resistance and crack propagation energy. The impact tests, on Charpy-V test specimens, indicated low tenacity for the studied piston rod. The metallographic analysis showed an intergranular fracture with cleavage signals, crack propagation along the outlines of the previous austenite and an intense intergranular corrosion along the surface of the piston rod. The stress measurement in the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders, in a real service situation, showed that the stress in the section of larger diameter of the piston rod, during the floodgate opening, is lower than design values, and the stress amplitude variation, caused by water passing through the floodgate, has values less than 1% of the nominal stress. The results btained in the field test were used in numerical studies modeled by the Finite Element Method, observing a stress of approximately 63% of the yield stress of the material and infinite life for low cycle fatigue (opening and closing of the floodgate) and very high cycle fatigue (water passing through the floodgate) in the place where the fracture occurs. The piston rod failed due to low impact tenacity and moderate corrosion resistance, associated with the notch effect of the critical transition zone of the piston rod section. These conditions, together with the corrosive effect of the water, led to crack nucleation under stress corrosion and propagation through fatigue, until the total brittle failure. The performance of the piston rod comes from inadequate heat treatment during the manufacturing process, which resulted in high δ-ferrite content, temper embrittlement, low impact tenacity and susceptibility to stress corrosion.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Metodologia para preparação e avaliação de resposta a simulados de emergência de barragem de mineração(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-11) DIAS, Rogério Eduardo Souza de Almeida; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378Mining dams are fundamental elements for the process of mineral processing due to the need to concentrate or separate the mineral components of economic interest from the economically unusable components (mining tailings). In order for the tailings to be stored, the reservoirs of dams built in the mining projects for this purpose are commonly used. Over time, dams accumulate large volumes of tailings and water become susceptible to undesirable situations, such as diverse anomalies and failures. In this context, the present research has the objective of presenting a methodology for the preparation and evaluation of response to the Table Top and Full Scale simulated emergency simulations from the PAEBM of the Pera Jusante mining dam, located in the municipality of Parauapebas, state of Pará. The motivation of the work proposal was based on bibliographical research that indicated the lack of methodologies for the application of emergency simulation with mining dams. The methodology was developed based on three stages, the first being the presentation of the dam case study (including the downstream area), the second the execution of the emergency simulation and the third the evaluation of the efficacy of the simulated. The preparation verification methodology used international simulation concepts of emergencies in a gradual and adapted way for dams, starting with the Table Top Exercise and then performing the simulated exercise of full scale field evacuation. During the execution phase of the simulation, guides were prepared to help prepare both the agents involved and the population exposed to the flood spot. In order to record the information of the emergency simulation, it was proposed the use of files containing the details of the emergency situations, the expected responses and other information for the conduct of the simulations. As results obtained it is possible to emphasize that in the stage of execution of the simulated it was possible to know the capacity to respond to a possible emergency situation in the dam case study, with a response from the point of view of the very positive researcher, since it met the (Table Top Exercise) and 93.33% for the Full Scale Exercise simulation. The present research can be applied to any mining dam that has a PAEBM designed and is expected to contribute to the improvement of the methodologies of preparation and response to emergencies with mining dams, being used to improve the process of mining companies that already practice similar actions, and above all, mining companies that are still starting work on emergency preparedness and response to the safety of the downstream population.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Pequenas barragens: uma oportunidade de desenvolvimento científico, técnico e regulamentador(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-19) NAVA, Francy Rosy; PINTO, Andreia Cristina Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3743402063049504; ISHIHARA, Júnior Hiroyuki; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3498874642887006Although small water track dams have important and various purposes, even if they are smaller they are structures that causes considerable socio-environmental changes and represent increasingly evident risks. These terms are not considered by normative directives established in Brazil. That is why the regulatory system has been stimulated by strong discussions in analysis on advantages and disadvantages of the dams, only directed towards the great enterprises. Thus, a gap has been created, which substantiates and directs this study in the sense that the small water dams also deserves attention. To prove this need, this research was guided by the following scientific questions: 1. How the occurrence of small dams are addressed in scientific and technical environment? 2. What is the representativeness of the impacts events associated with the construction / operation of small dams? 3. How does the legal and institutional system incorporate the management of small dams? In order to answer them, a methodological route was established, allowing the purpose to analyzing small water track barriers in the Uraim river basin under the perspective of territorial and socio-environmental management and normative systems. The results demonstrated several weaknesses in scientific and technical knowledge, as well as in the normative and institutional ordering responsible for the environmental management of structures with polluting / degrading potential. The weakness found, whether in licensing or safety aspects are the main factors that drive the practice of establishing small irregular barriers in water tracks, disregarding technical and environmental criteria. It was also verified the representativeness of small dams and the significant socio-environmental risks. In this way, this study contributes to in-depth understanding of the roles of all actors responsible for the management of small dams. In addition, stimulates discussion on the performance of normative and institutional planning in promoting the efficient implementation of the environmental policies established by the government. These results can be used by policymakers and government decision-makers to improve the regulatory framework and executor role.