Dissertações em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (Mestrado) - PPGNBC/ICB

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2375

O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (PPGNBC) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Atividade e expressão da metaloprotease GP63 nas espécies Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis e Leishmania (Viannia) brasiliensis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06) SOARES, Dara da Costa; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-6868
The american cutaneous leishmaniasis (ATL) is a neglected tropical disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania sp. In Brazil, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis are the main pathogenic species. The different strains and species, as well as the immune response of the vertebrate host, are key points in the development of the disease and, consequently, in the different clinical manifestations caused by these protozoa such as localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL), diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCD) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (CML). Leishmania parasites have improved mechanisms with the ability to silence the microbicidal response of infected macrophages through the action of virulence factors such as glycoprotein 63 (GP63). This glycoprotein, which has a zinc- dependent catalytic site, is the main surface metalloprotease of Leishmania and is able to modulate the vertebrate host's immune response by cleaving a wide set of cytosolic substrates. However, due to the need to understand the role and involvement of GP63 in infection processes and different clinical manifestations, it is important to analyze how this molecule is present during these processes. In view of this, the hypothesis of this study is whether there is a difference in the expression of the virulence factor GP63 between two ATL-causing species, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, which cause different clinical manifestations. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the expression and activity of GP63 in the species Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, which are more relevant to the involvement of ATL. The activity of GP63 was analyzed using promastigote forms in the stationary phase (7 days of culture) and they were submitted to analysis of the proteolytic profile through DQ-gelatin (10μg / ml) in fluorimeter (VICTOR Multilabel Plate Reader X) with wavelength of 480-520 nm and by zymography gel containing 0.1% gelatin as substrate. The expression of GP63 was analyzed by Western blot using anti-GP63 antibody. The immunostaining and quantification of the GP63 protein were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. This work showed for the first time that the species Leishmania (L.) amazonensis shows greater expression of the glycoprotein 63 kDa compared to the species Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. The greater expression of this protease was also accompanied by an increase in gelatinolytic activity in the analyzed species. These results allow suggesting a correlation in the involvement of this virulence factor between the clinical manifestations that are caused by these two species analyzed in this work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do efeito citoprotetor do composto homeopático canova® em linhagem celular de rim de macaco verde africano (VERO) exposta ao fármaco dipirona sódica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-01) BONFIM, Laís Teixeira; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649
Paracetamol, sodium dipyrone and ibuprofen are among the main medicines exempt from medical prescription available in pharmacies in Brazil. Sodium dipyrone is highlighted in the literature as one of the most commonly used drugs. Despite its wide use, our research group demonstrated that sodium dipyrone exerts genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Therefore, studies with medicines that may provide protection or that ameliorate the possible damages caused by sodium dipyrone are very important. The homeopathic compound Canova® (CA) seems to be a good candidate for such purpose, since in combination with other drugs it seems to soften the side effects of such drugs. Therefore, the present work aims to evaluate the possible cytoprotective effect of CA on African green monkey kidney cell line (VERO) exposed to the drug sodium dipyrone using the comet, micronucleus, apoptosis and immunocytochemistry assays. Results obtained by the comet test showed that sodium dipyrone induces an increase in DNA damage index of the VERO line. However, when such cells were co-treated with CA at the three concentrations studied, a significant reduction in the ID was observed, indicating a possible antigenotoxic effect of CA. We observed in the apoptosis and necrosis assays that dipyrone induced an increase in the percentage of apoptosis in both 24 hours and 48 hours. However when the drug was associated with CA, a significant reduction in this effect was observed in the three concentrations of CA + dipyrone. Results on immunocytochemistry showed an increase in the expression of caspase 8 and cytochrome C when cells were exposed to dipyrone. On the other hand, co-treatment significantly reduced such effect. Expression of caspase 9 was also observed after dipyrone tratament, however, co-treatment did not reduce such effect. Therefore, in our experimental conditions CA acted as a cytoprotect agent against the damages induced by dipyrone.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Complexidade semântica e habilidade de decodificação: um modelo quantitativo da compreensão de textos denotativos em língua portuguesa baseado na teoria da informação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-26) RIBEIRO, Louise Bogéa; RODRIGUES, Anderson Raiol; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4030747999301402; SILVA FILHO, Manoel da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2032152778116209
Based on the principles of cognitive neuroscience and information theory, with emphasis on the work of Claude Shannon, a statistical analysis of 33,101 words was done from the collection of scientific texts of the Brazilian Digital Library Of Thesis And Dissertation and the Digital Library of USP, using the C # programming language and Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 as a code complement, including SQL Server Management Studio 2012 for database management, for the development of the information processing program titled CalcuLetra, with the purpose of measuring the difficulty of textual comprehension in Portuguese Language. From the premises that the learning of the meanings of letters, words and other symbols provides the development of the central nervous system of humans; that the reader's metacognitive behavior allows the response to stimuli coming from the reading process; And that the words of greatest occurrence in the bank represent those best known by their authors, the algorithm thus determines the degree of familiarity of the words according to the mathematical and statistical parameters of the bank. Therefore, when comparing non-literary or denotative texts with the probabilistic values found, it shows how comprehensible is the text inserted in the program, considering neurotypical readers and that its content has the necessary elements of textual cohesion, according to the grammatical rules of the language. Our results reveal groups of words that cause misunderstanding or make reading easier. Additionally, we show gaps in vocabulary and dictionary usage. Despite the preliminary findings, this study was more a proof of concept for the method employed, and demonstrated its potential for future research. The quantification model’s methodology presented in the present study can be adapted to other languages, and we hope it contributes to the development of objective evaluation of behavioral disorders (e.g., dyslexia), by quantitative classification of written incomprehension; and helps in the analysis of dissertations of vestibular, ENEM and other public examinations, whose evaluation is still of a subjective form.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efectos de la obesidad y de la cirurgía bariátrica sobre patrones cognitivos y perceptuales de los humanos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-01-28) ESPEJO, Cristian Ariel Neira; GOUVEIA JUNIOR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274
Obesity is defined as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that can be harmful to health and has been considered epidemic, since it is a disease with high prevalence in most countries of the world. Currently there is the idea that deficiencies in cognitive functions associated with the frontal lobe, contribute to the maintenance of obesity, however, there are investigations that contradict this postulate. On the other hand, the patterns of visual perception, measured with the Rorschach test, have been linked to weight gain and obesity, the results that determined this relationship are not conclusive. The main objective of this study was to determine if obesity or bariatric surgery generate differences in the patterns of visual perception and humans cognitive functioning. Additionally, we sought to relate the neuropsychological functions of the cortex occito-temporo-parietal, which participate in the perception of visual stimuli, with the neuropsychological functions of the prefrontal cortex. The research included the participation of 48 subjects, divided into 3 groups (diagnosed with obesity, undergoing bariatric surgery and a control group), which were evaluated with the Rorscahch test and the Stroop and MCSTneuropsychological tests. Our results showed similar values for the three groups in the measurements made with the neuropsychological tests and with the visual perception test. In addition, three indicators of the visual perception test were correlated with indicators of sustained attention, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. Our main conclusion is that the obese or bariatric subjects do not present differences in cognitive functioning or visual perception patterns. We also conclude that there are indicators of the Rorschach test that present a potential to be considered neuropsychological indicators.groups in the measurements made with the neuropsychological tests and with the visual perception test. In addition, three indicators of the visual perception test were correlated with indicators of sustained attention, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. Our main conclusion is that the obese or bariatric subjects do not present differences in cognitive functioning or visual perception patterns. We also conclude that there are indicators of the Rorschach test that present a potential to be considered neuropsychological indicators.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do tratamento com Euterpe Oleracea (Açaí) no processo de reparo do tendão de aquiles em ratos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-09) SILVA, Dlânio Gabriel Figuêredo; MORAES, Suellen Alessandra Soares de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6278397231382779
Achilles tendon is the largest and strongest tendon in the human body, its excessive use induces microtrauma and activation of signaling pathways that lead to an inflammatory response. The ethanolic extract of Euterpe oleracea(açaí) is a natural product extracted from the fruit of the palm tree.Although evidence suggests an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of this product, there is no data in the literature about such effects on tendon lesion. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative effects of ethanolic extract of Euterpe oleracea in a rat model of total Achilles tendon rupture. This study was approved by the Animal Research Ethics Committee (CEPAE-UFPA/206-14). The animals were divided into four groups (n = 24): control; vehicle (0.9% saline); E. oleracea extract (125 μg/mL ethanolic extract of Euterpe oleracea) and methylprednisolone (30 mg/ml). After the respective treatments, the tissue was analyzed at 7, 14 or 21 days post-injury (dpi) by immunohistochemistry with hematoxylin/eosin and collagen autofluorescence. Immunofluorescence for COX2 and measurement of nitrite levels by Griess method were performed at 7 dpi. Treatment with E. oleracea extract accelerated tissue organization and orientation of the cells, similarly to the anti-inflammatory steroid methylprednisolone. This natural product led to an early alignment in collagen fibers as well as in the overall matrix structure when compared to the other groups, which was observed at 7 dpi and maintained at both 14 and 21 dpi. Treatment with E. oleracea extract or methylprednisolone reduced COX2 labeling in comparison to the vehicle at 7 dpi. Reduction in nitrite tissue levels was observed at 7 dpi in groups treated with E. oleracea extract (20.80 ± 2.54 μm/ml) and methylprednisolone (19.40 ± 2.31 μm/ml) compared to vehicle group (29.33 ± 3.98 μm/ml). Treatment with E. oleracea extract improved tissue organization and reduced both COX2 labeling and nitrite levels, suggesting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Our findings highlight E. oleracea extract as a natural product with potential application in Achilles tendon repair.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito protetor da ração enriquecida com açaí (Euterpe oleracea) no quadro de malária cerebral experimental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-17) TORRES, Marjorie Lujan Marques; OLIVEIRA, Karen Renata Herculano Matos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3032008039259369; BATISTA, Evander de Jesus Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2206444845201080
Cerebral malaria (CM) is one of the most severe complications attributed to protozoal infection by Plasmodium falciparum, gaining prominence in infant mortality rates in endemic areas. It´s a complex pathogenesis and still little elucidated, being associated with cognitive, behavioral and motor changes. Aiming to broaden the knowledge about this pathology and looking for the benefits attributed to the daily consumption of antioxidants, the objective of this work is to evaluate the possible protective effect of Euterpe oleracea fruit (açaí) during evolution of experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) induced in murine model by means of inoculation of Plasmodium berghei (PbA), ANKA stain. For this, we used the Swiss line, which were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 10⁶ of parasited erythrocytes. The animals (females and males between 4 and 6 weeks) were divided into four groups, among which Açaí and PbA+Açaí groups were maintained on a ration-exclusive diet enriched with açaí and the Control and PbA groups were given only standard ration during 22 days of experiment. To characterize the ECM framework, several parameters were evaluated such as the appearence of clinical signs, survival curve, parasitemia, body mass gain and vascular permeability. The SHIRPA protocol was used to evaluate the behavioral and locomotor changes in animals. We observed an extension of survival of the infected animals and treated with a diet enriched with acai berry, and decreased the neurological changes arising from the exposure of the cerebral parenchyma. This work allowed us to validate the development of the experimental brain malaria framework in murine model and evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Acai (Euterpe oleracea) in the course of the disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos anti-inflamatórios e neuroprotetores do extrato de cipó-pucá (Cissus verticilata) após lesão aguda da medula espinhal de ratos adultos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-15) LIMA, Kelly Correa; FRANCO, Edna Cristina Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5939607544965550; LEAL, Walace Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2085871005197072
Acute spinal cord injury (aSCI) is a serious pathological condition that affects several individuals in different regions of the world and may cause physical and/or psychological sequelae. The available treatment is ineffective, which demands on development of new therapeutic approaches. The development of neuroprotective agents is of fundamental importance for the tissue preservation after aSCI. In the Amazon rain forests there are a multitude of medicinal plants, whose potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects have not been investigated. Cipó-pucá (Cissus verticillata) is used for treatment of stroke in folk medicine, but its effects are not scientifically proven and have not been investigated after aSCI. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of the supercritical extract of cipó-pucá in an experimental model of aSCI in adult rats. The extracts of leaves of cipó-pucá were obtained by extraction with supercritical fluid. The animals underwent partial hemisection surgery of the spinal cord and were treated with extract of cipó-pucá (50 mg / kg) or vehicle. They were perfused at 24 hours postinjury. The gross histopathology was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Immunohistochemical analysis for visualization of neurons, microglia, astrocytes and neutrophils were performed using antibodies against NeuN, CD68, caspase-3 and MBS-1, respectively. The quantitative analysis showed neuronal preservation and, reduction of the apoptotic cells, activated microglia and inflammatory infiltrate (neutrophils) in treated animals compared to the control group, suggesting a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of the supercritical extract of cipó-pucá in the aSCI model.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os efeitos da atividade física baseada em movimentos de dança no movimento, funções executivas, episódios depressivos e qualidade de vida de pessoas com doença de Parkinson
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-21) DUARTE, Juliana dos Santos; KREJCOVÁ, Lane Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2604693973864638; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3794-4710
Parkinson's disease is considered the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease in the world and is characterized by being chronic and progressive. Motor symptoms are understood, but non-motor symptoms may be present and appear at different temporal stages of the disease. Although pharmacological treatments are important to alleviate PD symptoms, they are still limited and most often trigger side effects. Therefore, therapeutic approaches that complement the pharmacological approach are increasingly being investigated to assess their possible beneficial effects on symptomatology and disease progression. Physical activity based on dance movements is emerging as a therapeutic approach to a range of PD symptoms as it is a multidimensional activity that requires rhythmic synchronization and more neuromuscular functions. To evaluate the effects of physical activity based on dance movements on movement, executive functions, depressive episodes and quality of life in individuals diagnosed with PD. 13 individuals with PD (8♀ 5♂), aged 65.9 ± 6.5 years (mean ± SD), Hoehn & Yahr stages I to III, MDS-UPDRS 67.62 ± 20.83 (mean ± SD) performed two weekly sessions (50 min/session) of physical activity based on dance movements for six months. The assessment protocols were performed pre and post-intervention, applying the POMA test to assess movement, the FAB test to assess executive function and subdomains, the MADRS test to assess depressive episodes, the PDQ-39 questionnaire to assess the perception of quality of life and, finally, the MDS-UPDRS scale to assess the severity of PD. Student's t test was used to compare pre- and post-intervention results of physical activity based on dance movements. The significance level was 95% (p < 0.05). We observed significant improvement in balance and gait by the POMA test, t (12) = 2.283, p = 0.0207. Executive function by the FAB test, t (12) = 2.840, p = 0.0074, abstract reasoning and inhibitory control by the subdomains of the FAB Conceptualization test, t (12) = 2.941, p = 0.0062, and Inhibitory Control, t (12) = 2.920, p = 0.0064, showed significant improvements between the pre- and post-intervention periods of physical activity based on dance movements. Depressive episodes assessed by the MADRS test significantly reduced, t (12) = 2.264, p = 0.0214, and the perception of quality of life by the PDQ-39 had a significant increase after physical activity based on dance movements, t (12) = 4.239, p = 0.0006. We did not observe significant changes in PD severity. Physical activity based on dance movements has shown to have attenuating potential in movement, executive functions, depressive episodes and quality of life in PD, and may be effective in future rehabilitation. The characteristic elements of physical activity based on dance movements such as rhythmic synchronization, more cognitive-motor integration and social skills may have contributed to the results obtained in this study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do fator de crescimento do nervo sobre os níveis extracelulares de glutamato e compostos tióis na retina embrionária de galinha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-20) GARCIA, Tarcyane Barata; SILVA, Anderson Manoel Herculano Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8407177208423247
Nerve growth factor (NGF) belongs to the neurotrophin family and induces its effects through activation of two distinct receptor types. NGF was first described by Rita Levi-Montalcini and collaborators as an important factor involved in nerve differentiation and survival. Another role for NGF has been established in neurotransmitter release in the hippocampus, developing visual cortex and cerebellar neuron. However, this phenomenon has not been demonstrated in retina to date. We therefore investigated whether NGF can modulate the glutamate release in the retinal tissue at its peak of the neurotrophic activity (E10-E12). In addition this, we aimed to study the mechanisms of this effect about its dependence on extracellular Ca2+ and participation of Na+-dependent and Na+-independent glutamate transporters. Since high levels of glutamate signalization have been implicated in the oxidative stress, we also investigated the effects of NGF on the thiols compounds. We used intact retinal tissue from chicken embryos (E11) incubated with NGF (10, 50, 100 ng/ml) for different periods (15, 30, 45, 60, 120 min). Extracellular glutamate and thiols content was measured by HPLC methods and colorimetric assay, respectively. We found that NGF rapidly enhances the release of basal glutamate and it can induce thiol release in a more prolonged time of incubation, as well. Interestingly, the NGF-induced increase in the extracellular levels of glutamate was blocked by Ca2+-free medium only in retina treated for 15 min. Retina incubated for 30 min showed a non-vesicular NGF-induced glutamate release. Since glutamate and thiol release was not blocked by Zn2+, we suggested the possible involvement of system Xc- in both processes.NGF-induced increase in the extracellular thiol could be an important protective mechanism enabling retinal neurons to maintain their redox status during development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos citogenéticos e moleculares nos gêneros Mesomys e Lonchothrix (Rodentia, Echimyidae, Eumysopinae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-29) OLIVEIRA, Leony Dias de; SILVA, Willam Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0903402972891613; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-1075; NAGAMACHI, Cleusa Yoshiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887641213110093; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-2734
The Echimyidae family is considered the most taxonomically diverse among South American hystricognathi rodents, comprising 25 genera and 93 species. The subfamily Eumysopinae is represented by nine genera, among which we highlight the arboreal genera Mesomys, which has four recognized species, and Lonchothrix described as monotypic (L. emiliae), both distributed in the Amazon. Morphological, molecular and chromosomal studies in the genera Mesomys and Lonchothrix have contributed to a better understanding of taxonomic design, phylogenetic relationships and karyotypic patterns. Recent molecular investigations have shown an as yet undescribed diversity, suggesting that these taxa are even more diverse than previously assumed. Furthermore, the limits of geographic distribution in the Amazon for the species M. hispidus and M. stimulax have been questioned by some authors. In this sense, the current study sought to investigate the karyotypic diversity and the geographic limits of the Mesomys and Lonchothrix genera, based on classical and molecular cytogenetic analysis and through sequences of the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome b (Cytb) and Cytochrome Oxidase - Subunit I (COI) from different locations in the Brazilian Amazon. The species M. stimulax and Mesomys sp. n. presented 2n=60/NF=110, while M. hispidus presented 2n=60/NF=112 and Lonchothrix emiliae presented 2n=66/NF=126, both unpublished karyotypes for the genera. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed Mesomys and Lonchothrix as sister genera and showed a high intraspecific rate in M. hispidus and Mesomys sp. n. from Itaituba, may be related to a new lineage in the genus Mesomys.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos citogenéticos em roedores do gênero oecomys (rodentia: cricetidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-29) ROSA, Celina Coelho da; NAGAMACHI, Cleusa Yoshiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887641213110093
The rodents are one of the most diversified groups of living mammals and also have a large range of ecological adaptations. The rodents, because of yours population characteristics, developed as the most specious group of mammals in Neotropical forests and one of the most interesting for studies of genetic variation and evolution among vertebrates. The genus Oecomys (Sigmodontinae) comprises approximately 16 species that inhabit tropical and subtropical forests in Central and South America. Six of these species are expected to occur in eastern Brasilian Amazon. In literature, the genus Oecomys has a large karyotypic variation, where the diploid number ranges from 58 to 86. In this study specimens of Oecomys paricola Thomas, 1904 from Belém and Marajó Island, northern Brazil, were investigated using cytogenetic, molecular and morphological analyses. Three karyotypes were found, two from Belém (2n=68, FN=72 and 2n=70, FN=76) and a third from Marajó Island (2n=70, FN=72). No molecular or morphological differences were found between the individuals with differing cytotypes from Belém and Marajó Island. Specimens from the Belém City region may represent two cryptic species because two different karyotypes are present in the absence of significant differences in morphology and molecular characteristics. The Marajó Island and Belém populations represent distinct species that have been separated for some time, and are in the process of morphological and molecular differentiation as a consequence of reproductive isolation at the geographic and chromosomal levels.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Inibição de ciclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) em camundongos infantis saudáveis: consequências sobre o comportamento e o perfil oxidativo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-26) LIMA, Klinsmann Thiago; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806
In the central nervous system, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is a constitutive enzyme, expressed by neurons from different brain regions, which acts in the maintenance of neural homeostasis, modulating synaptic plasticity and the generation of new neurons. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are drugs of choice that act to inhibit COX enzymes, with nimesulide (NMS) being a drug of this class. Several studies have demonstrated the role of these enzymes in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, epilepsy, depression and schizophrenia. Thus, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of COX- 2 inhibition in healthy infant mice on behavioral and biochemical criteria, using NMS as a pharmacological blockade tool. For this, male Swiss infant mice, aged between 21 and 34 days, were used. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: (1) Vehicle, (2) NMS 2.5mg/kg, (3) NMS 5mg/kg and (4) NMS 10mg/kg. Two injections of NMS/Vehicle were administered intraperitoneally daily. Throughout the experiment, the body mass of the animals was recorded daily and they were subjected to behavioral tests: open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), light/dark box test (LDBT) and novel object recognition test (NORT). In addition, brain samples were collected for biochemical analyses. The results demonstrated the induction of oxidative stress with increased levels of lipid peroxidation in the cortex and hippocampus, as well as the expression of an anxiogenic behavior, observed in the EPM, possibly potentiated by fear. In the NORT, the animals of the NMS 5mg/kg group showed a deficit in the memory of recognizing new objects, and consequently, in the short-term memory. Thus, our results demonstrated that the in vivo inhibition of COX-2 in infant animals induces an anxious-like behavior possibly potentiated by fear, but does not affect the exploration and locomotion of these animals. Furthermore, COX-2 inhibition induced cortical and hippocampal oxidative stress. Therefore, the inhibition of COX-2 in infantile and non-inflamed animals may compromise cognitive functions such as memory and learning, as well as alter the cerebral oxidative profile.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Isolamento, caracterização e análise da multipotência de células-tronco adultas derivadas do tecido adiposo de bovinos e bubalinos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-01) SAMPAIO, Rafael Vilar; OHASHI, Otávio Mitio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5547874183666459
Adult stem cells are known for their potential and plasticity to differentiate into several different cell types (multipotency), which has implications for cell therapy as well as reproductive biotechnologies. In the present work we report isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue of cattle and buffaloes. Cells isolated by enzymatic digestion of adipose-tissue biopsy were grown for at least ten passages in vitro giving support to of their proliferative capacity. These cells were also subjected to immunophenotypic characterization to visualize the presence, of CD90, CD105 and CD79, and absence, of CD45, CD34 and CD73, wich are positive and negative markers of MSCs, respectively. In order to determine their multipotency, the cells were induced to differentiate into three different cell types and stained with tissue-specific dyes (Chondrogenic-Alcian Blue, Osteogenic- Alizarin Red and Adipogenic-Oil-Red O) to ensure their differentiation into chondrocytes, ostoblasts and adipocytes. Our results indicate that adipose tissue of cattle and buffaloes can be used as a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), turning them into an interesting option of animal models for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Additionally, these cells may be relevant for reproductive biotechnology since the use of MSCs as nuclear donors has been linked to an increase in the developmental rates of cloned embryos.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reabilitação de pacientes com implante coclear utilizando uma nova abordagem na análise da percepção auditiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-28) RODRIGUES, Ana Paula Sirotheau Corrêa; SILVA FILHO, Manoel da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2032152778116209
Communication is the way we have to interact with the world, this communication can be verbal or nonverbal. For the satisfactory progress of oral communication, it is necessary that the auditory pathway, from the central portion to the peripheral portion, is functioning properly. When there is a change in the auditory pathway, it is necessary to use devices that aid the perception of sound, among these instruments we highlight the cochlear implant, but for the proper use of this resource, an efficient rehabilitation is essential. Objective: To develop a cochlear implant simulator with the purpose of enabling the rehabilitator to identify the stimulus received by the hearing impaired, and thus to act in the schedules of the rehabilitation sessions, so that the sounds can be detected correctly, favoring the development or maintenance of the oral communication. Methods: For the development of the study, 3 groups of individuals were formed: the first group consisted of 6 implanted patients who received as pure sound stimulus. Groups 2 and 3 were composed of normo-listeners who received the sounds filtered by the cochlear implant simulator; group 2 with 22 individuals received filtered sounds for 22 activated channels (100%) and group 3 perceived filtered sounds with 17 channels activated (77%), corresponding to the number of channels activated in a cochlear implant. All participants were submitted to sessions with audiovisual stimuli in software running on a computer with a touch screen. The stimuli are 124 words extracted from a list used in the logoaudiometry exam, being 16 trisyllables, 46 disyllables and 62 monosyllables. The trisyllables words were generated synthetically and the others recorded in female voice of speech therapist. Results: It was observed that all groups presented greater difficulty in the detection of monosyllables, where the latency period was increased, and more errors occurred for sound perception, this is due to the reduction of the auditory track. Therefore, if there is an individualized rehabilitation treatment, it is believed that the development of the implanted hearing impaired is more efficient.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Tendências epidemiológicas em nascimentos prematuros moderados a tardios na Região Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-29) RIBEIRO, Silvia Carolinne Pereira; GOMES, Bruno Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932238030330851; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Premature birth is characterized as occurring before 37 weeks of gestation or less than 259 days from the first day of last menstruation. Brazil is among the 10 countries with the highest rate of preterm birth, which approximately 10% are preterm birth. The north region of Brazil has one of the highest rates of preterm birth in the country. Prematurity is a public health problem that can lead to problems in all systems, as well as sensory and cognitive disorders. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological trends in moderate to late preterm deliveries in the North Region of Brazil. This is an ecological study of the time series of births recorded in the SINASC for residents of the North Region of Brazil between 2011 and 2016. A total of 3,549,525 births were analyzed, of which 433,907 (12.22%) were preterm birth, and the polynomial regression model was used to analyze trends in preterm births: <37 (y = -9.6 + 36.19x - 21.43x² + 6.01x³ - 0.81x4 + 0.04x5); 32 to <37 (y = -9.5 + 34.18x - 20.81x² + 6.01x³ - 0.83x4 + 0.04x5). The analysis of trends revealed a 36.19% increase in preterm births per year (r² = 1, p = <0.05) and moderate to late prematurity, from 32 to <37 weeks, increased by 34.18% (r² = 1, p <0.05). It was observed that there was an increase in the tendency of prematurity in the north region of Brazil, especially moderate to late prematurity (from 32 to <37 weeks), and greater attention is needed to prevent them, since prematurity is the largest cause of mortality in the first month of life and add considerable costs to the public coffers.

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