Dissertações em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (Mestrado) - PPGNBC/ICB
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2375
O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (PPGNBC) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ação da hidroxicloroquina sobre neurônios da retina de embrião de galinha(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-22) ROSÁRIO, Aldanete Santos; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is currently used in the treatment of malaria and autoimmune diseases and others therapeutic purposes. However, this drug is known to cause side effects, including producing visual disturbances, which may be irreversible. The mechanisms that produce these visual disorders are not completely known. HCQ - related retinal toxicity may be due to high metabolic rate, being very susceptible to the action of xenobiotics and oxidative damages. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the effects of the HCQ on retinal cells, as well as their possible mechanisms of cytotoxicity. The model used in this work was of cultures of retina cells from chicken embryo. To evaluate cell viability, mitochondrial activity was measured by MTT. The lysosomal function was evaluated by the incorporation rate of the neutral red dye. The levels of reactive species of general oxygen and superoxide anion were evaluated by the CellROX probe and by Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) and total glutathione levels were quantified using the Ellman reagent. Viability was tested in mixed cultures (glia and neurons) or enriched cultures of neurons and glia after treatment with HCQ and compared with chloroquine (CQ). Cells were exposed to concentrations of 25μM, 50μM and 75μM for 24 hours. The results show that mixed cultures treated with CQ presented a reduction in viability of 36 and 61% at concentrations of 50μM and 75μM, respectively, whereas HCQ did not alter viability at any of the concentrations tested. However, when cultures enriched with glial cells were exposed to HCQ for 24 hours, the concentration of 75μM had a small reduction in cell viability, while that the reduction in neuronal cells was of 20, 33 and 56% at the concentrations of 25μM, 50μM and 75μM, respectively. Even a shorter treatment time (6 hours) there was loss of viability in retinal neurons. The incorporation of neutral red supravital dye was also altered in neuronal cultures treated with HCQ for 24 hours, with reduction of 19 and 32%, compared to the control for the concentrations of 50μM and 75μM, respectively. HCQ significantly reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species produced by the neuronal cells, mainly superoxide anion, 43, 52 and 61% for the concentrations of 25μM, 50μM and 75μM of HCQ in 24 hours of treatment, respectively. In concentrations of 50μM and 75μM of HCQ for 24 for hours, the levels of total glutathione in neuronal cells presented a reduction of 37 and 53%, respectively. When the glial cell conditioned medium was used in neuronal cells for 6 hours after treatment with HCQ, it completely reversed the drug-induced cytotoxicity. When total glutathione levels were measured in culture of glia treated with HCQ for 24 hours no changes were observed. These results suggest cytotoxic action of CQ in mixed culture of chicken embryo retina cells which is not observed in HCQ treatment. However, HCQ showed cytotoxic action when cells are cultured separately, mainly on neurons, which is reversed by some factor released by glial cells in the extracellular environment, and glutathione is a possible candidate to exert this neuroprotective function.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise morfológica in vitro da ação de antifúngicos em cepas de Fonsecaea pedrosoi(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-21) MASSOUD JUNIOR, Heleno Ramos; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125Choromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a disease caused by traumatic implantation of many species of melanized fungi. The State of Pará is the major endemic area in Brazil and Fonsecaea pedrosoi is the major etiological agent. The treatment is not standardized and many forms of interventions are related in the literature. In the other hand, the in vitro susceptibility test to antifungal drugs may help in the therapeutic choice and in the identification of resistant strains. The objective of this work is to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of 20 F. pedrosoi clinical isolates to itraconazole (ITZ), ketoconazole (KCZ), fluconazole (FCZ) and terbinafine (TBF) as well as the possible morphological alterations induced by ITZ or TBF in the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and high concentrations. The tests were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, M38-A2 document) recommendations. The final concentrations of ITZ, TBF and KCZ in each test were to 16 to 0.03 μg/mL. To FCZ the final concentrations were to 64 to 0.125 μg/mL. The MIC was defined as the lowest drug concentration that inhibit 100% the visual growth when compared to the non-treated group after five days of incubation at 30°C. ITZ proved to be the most effective drug in vitro against F. pedrosoi (CIM 90= 1μg/mL). TBF showed a low drug activity with 70% of the isolates with MIC ≥ 0.5 μg/mL. The conidia morphological analysis revealed an increasing in the diameter, an interruption of the cellular division and the formation of little chains after the treatment with ITZ in the MIC. At the high concentration used in the susceptibility test we noticed an irregular shape, a detachment of pigmented material from the cell wall and a vacuolization. Rupture in cell wall and amorphous conidia were observed at 32 μg/mL and 64 μg/mL. Significant alterations were not observed after treatment with TBF at the same concentrations. Moreover, the 5-fluorocytocise (5-FC) and FCZ do not stop the conidia growth at high concentrations. However, ultrastructure alterations were noticed after treatment with 5-FC 64 μg/mL. Thus, it is suggested a different morphological pattern after ITZ or TBF treatment during the in vitro susceptibility test. In synthesis, ITZ shown better in vitro antifungal activity while 5-FC only provoked structures alterations in the highest concentration tested.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Atividade antiinflamatória e neuroprotetora da Edaravona no córtex sensóriomotor primário de ratos adultos submetidos à isquemia focal experimental(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-12) ARAÚJO, Sanderson Corrêa; BORGES, Rosivaldo dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4783661132100859; LEAL, Walace Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2085871005197072Stroke is a neural disorder originated from blood flow decreasing or interruption, making inadequate energy supply in the region, thus promoting tissue damage. The stroke can be divided in hemorragic or ischemic. The ischemic stroke is more prevalent and can occur through thrombosis or embolism. The ischemic pathology has multiple interrelated events like excitotoxicity, peri-infarct depolarization, oxidative and nitrosative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. An element of fundamental importance in ischemic pathology is the microglial cell, whose activity is closely linked to the progression of environment harm. A therapeutic alternative in the treatment of stroke is a pyrazolone called Edaravone. This study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of Edaravone dose of 3mg/kg in primary sensorymotor cortex after focal ischemic lesion. Edaravone treated animals (N = 10) and animals treated with saline solution (N = 10) in the survival time of 1 and 7 days after the ischemic event was evaluated. Treatment whith edaravone showed by histopathological analysis with cresyl violet a reduction of 49% and 66% in infarct size in animals in survival time 1 and 7 days respectively. Immunohistochemistry studies for microglia/macrophages assets (ED1+) demonstrated a reduction in the presence of ED1+ cells in 35% and 41% survival times for 1 and 7 days, respectively. Neutrophils (MBS-1+) were reduced to 64% only in animals with survival times a day. Harmful patterns were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. Data was tested by ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test. Differences were considered significant at p < 0,05.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória da Pellucidina A e elucidação do mecanismo de ação em modelos in vivo(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-13) QUEIROZ, Amanda Pâmela dos Santos; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806The Peperomia pellucida (Piperaceae) is an herbaceous plant commonly found in the American and Asian continents. In the Amazon the species is known by the name of erva-de-jabuti. This plant is used in folk medicine to treat a wide range of symptoms and diseases such as conjunctivitis, headache, asthma, gastric ulcer, inflammation and arthritis. Pellucidin A is an isolated compound of the species Peperomia pellucida and this study aimed to analyze the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of this compound, as well as to elucidate its mechanism of action. For the assays, male albino mice (25-40 g) were used, which were initially treated with pellucidin A at the doses of 0.5; 1 and 5 mg / kg (i.p.) and subjected to locomotor evaluation by the open field test and animal models of acute pain, such as acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing tests, formalin tests and the hot plate test. The acetic acid-induced abdominal contortion test was realized to elucidate the mechanism of action in which the animals were treated at the standard dose of 5 mg/kg (i.p.) and for anti-inflammatory analysis of the compound was used model of granuloma induced by pellets of cotton, in which the animals were treated in the dose of 10 mg/kg (i.p.). The compound did not show capacity to change the ambulation of the animals at any of the administered doses. In the contortion test, pellucidin A was able to inhibit the number of abdominal writhings in 43% at the dose of 1 mg/kg, and 65% at the dose of 5 mg/kg. In the formalin test, an antinociceptive effect was observed at the dose of 5 mg/kg, with a 68% reduction in the lymph time of the animal's paw in the inflammatory phase, showing a similar response to Indomethacin used at a dose of 10 mg/kg as positive control for this phase. Animals treated with pellucidin A and subjected to the hot plate assay did not show any change in their latency time on the plate, showing a similar response to the animals treated just with the vehicle solution. For the elucidation of the action mechanism, the pellucidin A was administered at the standard dose of 5 mg/kg (i.p.) and associated with Indomethacin (5 mg/kg i.p.), NS-398 (10 mg/kg i.p.) cyproeptadine (0.5 mg/kg i.p.), naloxone (1 mg/kg i.p.) and L-NAME (5 mg/kg i.p.). The pellucidin A has shown a synergistic action when associated with cyproeptadine and L-NAME, with a decrease in the pattern of abdominal writhing by 97% when associated with cyproheptadine and 96% with L-NAME. In the analysis of the action of pellucidin A (10 mg/kg i.p.) in the granuloma test induced by cotton pellets, pellucidin A presented anti-inflammatory activity, reduced granuloma formation in 24% in the treated mice. The results confirm the hypothesis that pellucin A presents analgesic activity capable of interfering in the inflammatory process, acting as a possible glucocorticoid agonist.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação da influência do tratamento com indometacina no aprendizado e na memória espacial em modelo murino de diabetes tipo 1(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-25) SANTOS, Gabriel Cardoso de Queiroz; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the group of metabolic disorders that has as a common characteristic the disregulation of blood glucose levels, invariably leading to hyperglycemia. This disease has become the most frequent in the adult population, mainly in developing countries, causing several serious consequences such as cardiovascular and renal diseases, factors responsible for a high mortality rate of the individuals affected. In addition that consequences, which are better investigated and described in the literature, other types of complications are observed. Clinical and experimental studies demonstrate that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus may contribute to the development of cognitive deficits and dementias. However, the mechanisms that lead to such disorders are not yet fully understood. A study using the non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, indomethacin, has shown that aspects related to impaired neuronal plasticity in diabetes can be reversed, demonstrating that these disorders may be modulated by neuroinflammatory changes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of chronic treatment with indomethacin on memory and learning in a murine model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Using the open field test, Y-maze test and Morris water maze test we investigated the indomethacin effects on behaviors changes after aloxan inducing T1DM. Indomethacin significantly decrease related behaviors to the anxious state in Open field test. This treatment also reversed space work memory deficits in the Y-maze test, and learning and spatial memory deficits in the Morris Water Maze. Thus, it can be concluded that chronic treatment with indomethacin has beneficial effects on the cognition of mice submitted to type 1 diabetes mellitus.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação pré-clínica da duloxetina em modelo de convulsão: análise comportamental, eletroencefalográfica e influência no estresse oxidativo(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-17) COELHO, Danielle Santana; CRESPO LÓPEZ, Maria Elena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9900144256348265Epilepsy is a disorder with high prevalence and severity. Although there are several anticonvulsant drugs available in the market, 30 to 40% of the patients are refractory to the treatment. Besides the seriousness of epilepsy per se, this disorder may be accompanied by many comorbidities such as depression, which is the main psychiatric comorbidity of epilepsy. The mechanisms involved in the relationship between epilepsy and depression are not clarified. Given that some anticonvulsant drugs can trigger or enhance depressive symptoms, while some antidepressant drugs can potentiate the severity of seizure, the concomitant treatments of both disorders can be problematic. On the other hand, some studies have shown that antidepressant drugs can be safe and even possess an anticonvulsant activity such as venlafaxine, a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Considering that duloxetine, another SNRI, has a more potent inhibition of monoaminergic transporters and that there is no study about its influence on seizures, the aim of our study is to verify the potential anticonvulsant action of duloxetine against seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) on mice. With this aim, mice will be pre-treated with duloxetine (10, 20, 40 mg/kg/i.p.), and thirty minutes after, the animals will receive an intraperitoneal injection of PTZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.). In the following twenty minutes the animals are going to be evaluated. The threshold for the first myoclonic jerk, tonic-clonic seizure, the duration of seizures and survival will be quantified. The electroencephalographic analysis (EEG) was used to assess the severity of the seizures (wave’s amplitude increase). After this period the animals will be sacrificed, the cerebral cortex dissected and biochemical analysis (activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), nitrite levels and lipid peroxidation) will be made to investigate the mechanisms by which this drug can influence seizures. The results exhibit the anticonvulsant action of duloxetine. The drug was capable of enhancing the threshold for the first myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures induced by PTZ. Additionally, the EEG demonstrated that duloxetine at the dose of 20 mg/kg decreased significantly the amplitude of the waves while at the dose of 40 mg/kg it increased the amplitude when compared to all the treatments. Regarding the evaluation of duloxetine’s influence on oxidative stress, all the animals treated solely with PTZ presented a significant increase on lipid peroxidation and a decrease on SOD and CAT activity. Concerning nitrites’ level, there was no difference between the treatments. The dose of 20 mg/kg of duloxetine showed a significant protection against the alterations in oxidative stress induced by PTZ. The anticonvulsant action of duloxetine (20 mg/kg) collaborates with the theory which has been presented in the last few years where it is proposed that the modulation of the serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission may exert an anticonvulsant activity. Moreover, the efficiency of duloxetine in preventing the aggravation of oxidative stress involved in the seizures induced by PTZ corroborates with studies that demonstrate that anticonvulsant substances can influence seizures through its antioxidant activity. Given these points, we conclude that duloxetine is a promising adjuvant for the treatment of patients with the comorbidity epilepsy and depression.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caracterização dos efeitos do extrato de folhas de Swietenia macrophylla em modelo experimental de doença de Parkinson(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-13) LIMA, Natália Pontes; YAMADA, Elizabeth Sumi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7240314827308306; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978Previous studies indicate that the leaf extract of Swietenia macrophylla has abundant antioxidants in its chemical composition with neuroprotective effects in culture. One of the main mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration of Parkinson's disease (PD) is oxidative stress. Therefore, antioxidants are potential candidates for therapies aiming to slow the neurodegenerative process of the disease. This study aims to characterize the effects of the S.macrophylla leaf extract regrading the nigrostriatal degeneration and behavioral changes in mice exposed to a single unilateral injection of 6-OHDA in the striatum. Male mice were used, which underwent stereotactic surgery andwere injected 20 μg of 6-OHDA in the left striatum. The animals were divided into 4 groups according to the dose of mahogany extract administered. The extract was administered intraperitoneally in the first 7 days after injection of 6-OHDA at the doses of 0.0 (control) 0.5 (G1), 1.0 (0G2) and 5.0 mg/kg (G3). The control group (CG) received 0.9% saline (vehicle). Ambulation analysis in the open field was performed before, on the 7th and 21th days post-surgery and the number of apomorphine-induced rotations, in the 7th and 21th days after surgery. Evaluation of the neurodegeneration was performed by counting TH+ dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra by stereology. As a result, we found a statistically significant difference at day 21, where G2 and G3 showed a reduction in the ambulatory behavior in relation to G1 and GC; the latter two groups showed equivalent behavior. by, At day 21, G1 had significantly lower average apomorphine-induced rotations than GC, G2 and G3. In cell counts, G1 presented statistically significant reduction of the dopaminergic neurons loss compared to control. Thus, we conclude that the leaf extract of S.macrophylla in the concentration of 0.5 mg/kg provided neuroprotection for the nigrostriatal system neurodegeneration induced by 6-OHDA.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeito do extrato aquoso de folhas de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla) em modelo in vivo de doença de Parkinson com lesão com 6-hidroxidopamina(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-28) RAMOS, Luciana Fernandes Pastana; YAMADA, Elizabeth Sumi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7240314827308306; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of classical clinical signs bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, resting tremor and postural instability. The etiology is still unknown and the available treatment options only promote relief of symptoms. Experimental models of PD are fundamental for studies aiming to identify the molecular events involved in the disease and to discover new neuroprotective therapies. This study used a hemiparkinsonism model with lesion induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and investigated effects of an aqueous extract of leaves of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) on the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and on behavioural parameters assessed in the open-field and apomorphine-induced rotacional tests. The results showed that the 6-OHDA lesioned animals exhibited contralateral rotation induced by apomorphine and significant reduction of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc. However, only 6-OHDA lesioned animals treated with mahogany extract showed significant decrease in relation to the group vehicle/vehicle. There was also a significant decrease in ambulation and rearing in the group 6-OHDA/mahogany. In conclusion, the mahogany extract under the conditions used in the present study potentiated the cytotoxic effect of 6-OHDA and yet promoted worsening of behavioral parameters of the animals.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Physalis angulata estimula proliferação de células-tronco neurais do giro denteado hipocampal de camundongos adultos(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-07-01) NASCIMENTO, Marcos Vinicius Lebrego; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806Aim: Newborn neurons emerge from neural stem cells (NSCs) from niches in the mammalian adult brain. These cells are incorporated into functional circuits and may be important to acquisition and retention of memory. Therefore, the search for new compounds that enhance proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the hippocampus represent a significant scientific challenge with great promise. Methods and results: We have used aqueous extract from of the Physalis angulata on the neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of hipocampal dentate gyrus of adult mice using 5`-bromo-2`-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-pulse chase method. Increased doses (0.1; 1; 5mg/Kg) of Physalis angulata were given to adult male BALB/c mice with 6 to 8-weeks-old; or 0.9% NaCl (control). Mice were sacrificed at 24 hours or 7 days after the BrdU administration, and hippocampal slices were processed for immunohistochemistry. We found that Physalis angulata did not modify the mice behavior at any dose used, but increased the number of BrdU-positive cells in the subgranule zone of hipocampal dentate gyrus 24 hours or 7 days after injection. Physalis angulata not showed BrdU-positive cells out subgranule cell layer (ectopic neurogenesis). All procedures involving animal care and experimentation were performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Ethical Committee for Research with Experimental Animals of the Universidade Federal do Pára (BIO058-12). Conclusion: These results suggest that SM2 could be stimulating the proliferation of neural stem cells in hipocampal dentate gyrus, and also sustain the hipocampal network because increases the BrdU-positive cells in differentiation process in the sub granular zone of hippocampus of adult mice.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Poderia um óleo atuar como analgésico opioide? oléo de Plukenetia polyadenia: elucidação do mecanismo de ação(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-05) MOTA, Amanda Sodré; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806The seed oil of Plukenetia polyadenia (Pp-oil) is used by the Amazon people against arthritis and rheumatism, spreading it in the arms and legs. The fatty acid composition, antinociceptive effect and toxicity of Pp-oil were investigated. Materials and methods: The Pp-oil was obtained by pressing and its antinociceptive activity was analyzed in models of nociception (acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, hot plate and formalin tests) in mice and also mechanism of action was determined using acetic acid- indiced abdominal writing, open field, pole test and rotarod. Results: Pp-oil demonstrated a significant dose dependent antinociceptive effect (p< 0.05) in the chemical stimulation and at the second phase of formalin. However, the result from the hot plate test, open field, pole test and rotarod were not significant (p> 0.05), suggesting that Pp-oil has an analgesic activity, which is putative of peripheral origin. In the writhing test, the oil dosed at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg reduced the abdominal writhes in a significant manner. In the hot plate test, the oil dosed at 200 mg/kg did not induced alterations in the latency time when compared to the control. At the dose of 100 mg/kg it did not show any difference in motor system proving that Pp-oil does not have any influence at central nervous system. In the formalin test, the oil dosed at 50 and 100 mg/kg reduced in a significant manner the second phase of the algic stimulus. Pp-oil at 100mg/kg did not show any alterations in motor system when analyzed with open field, pole test and rotarod (p>0,05), which corroborates with previous results that affirm Pp-oil has no participation in central nervous system. In addition, its antinociception was reversed by naloxone in evaluation of the mechanism of action. Conclusion: Pp-oil proved to have analgesic properties. Moreover, the results concerning mechanism suggest that opiod receptors are involved in the antinociceptive action of the Pp-oil using a peripheral pathway.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Potencial cicatrizante do extrato cetônico de Pentaclethra macroloba no processo de reparo de lesões excisionais na pele de camundongos diabéticos(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-25) GOMES, Mauricio Ferreira; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a disease that attracts the interest of many health professionals, is a chronic pathology that has become a public health concern in recent years. The disease is divided into diabetes type 1 and type 2 , which causes a dysfunction in insulin / glucose physiology. This deregulation causes significant alterations in some biological events, among them, the cicatrization process. The emergence of injury in to a normal person triggers a cascade of cellular and biochemical reactions Aiming to repair the injured tissue. In patients with diabetes, the repair is slower. Several mechanisms are described as important factors in the delay of the healing process in diabetics, among them, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduction of nitric oxide (NO), reduction of the response to growth factors (GFs) And proteins the insulin signaling pathway . The search for therapeutic forms that can help the tissue repair process is in great demand, Because the rate of people with diabetes is increasing over the years. Thus, it is aimed to find pharmacological alternatives for this aspect, in the present study the characterization of the pharmacological effect of the topical application of the ketone extract of the seed Pentaclethra macroloba (Pracaxi) on the tissue regeneration process in diabetic animals was performed. To evaluate the healing effect, an excisional cutaneous wound with biopsy punch was created in diabetic animals and were subsequently treated by topical application of the extract to evaluate the healing potential of the seed. The effect of the treatment was evaluated by some aspects, such as: wound contraction, Reepithelialization, quantity of inflammatory cells, tissue organization and formation of collagen in the extracellular matrix. The results showed that the pracaxi extract presented a healing effect in diabetic mice, stimulating the tissue reconstruction after skin lesions. In this way, the pracaxi becomes a possible alternative for the treatment of tissue lesions in diabetics because it stimulates the healing cascade promoting the best formation of the extracellular matrix.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Validação farmacológica da preferência claro-escuro em Danio rerio(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04-23) MAGNO, Lílian Danielle Paiva; GOUVEIA JUNIOR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274Anxiety is a complex disorder with large clinical relevance, whose study with animal models is important for research about their mechanisms and drugs for their treatment. The zebrafish appears as a potential animal model for pharmacological research in anxiety. A model of anxiety is the light-dark preference, which has been validated behaviorally in zebrafish, however, requires a pharmacological validation. The objective is to describe the sensitivity of the light-dark preference in zebrafish adults for the most common drugs in clinical anxiety, were administered by immersing the animal in the solution: Benzodiazepines (Clonazepam), 5-HT1A partial agonists (Buspirone), Tricyclic Antidepressant (Imipramine), Antidepressant SSRIs (Fluoxetine and Paroxetine), Antipsychotics (Haloperidol and Risperidone); Psychostimulant (Diethylpropion), Beta blockers (Propranolol) and CNS depressants (Ethanol). The parameters analyzed were the time spent by the animal in a dark environment, the time of the first latency and number of midline crossings. Clonazepam administered 300 s increased the time in the dark at lower concentrations and reduced locomotor activity, administration during 600 s of the intermediate concentration decreased over time in the dark and the first latency, and increased locomotor activity, indicating anxiolytic effect. Buspirone raised the time spent in the dark, probably due to reduction of motor activity. Imipramine and fluoxetine increased time in the dark and the first latency and decreased the number of alternations, indicating anxiogenic action. Paroxetine did not alter the time in the dark, however the first time increased latency and decreased locomotor activity. Haloperidol decreased anxiety in the lowest concentration, curiously raised motor activity at the highest concentration, instead of risperidone, which decreased the activity at the highest concentration. Diethylpropion did not change over time in the dark but increased the time of the first latency and decreased motor activity only at lower concentrations. Propranolol reduced only time in the dark. Ethanol was effective in reducing anxiety with the intermediate concentration and decreased locomotor activity in a lower concentration. Data corroborate with the literature in Danio rerio both intraperitoneal administration in this model as in other models for water delivery and in rodents, when it was possible to compare.