Navegando por CNPq "CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::PARASITOLOGIA"

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Atividade leishmanicida do extrato da raiz de Physalis angulata e sua ação na célula hospedeira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-23) SILVA, Raquel Raick Pereira da; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343
Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by various species of the protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. The chemotherapy is the only effective treatment for the disease, but these drugs are, in general, toxics and requires a longer treatment period. Natural products have been used as traditional medicine and offer new perspectives and represent an important source of new antileishmanial agents. Thus, it is of great importance to assess the effects of the aqueous extract of the root of Physalis angulata, a plant widely used in popular medicine, in promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and its effect on the host cell. Physalins D, E, F and G were found present, for the first time, in the P. angulata roots using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Antiproliferative activity and a dose-dependent inhibition of promastigote growth 74.1% and 99.8 % (IC50 35.5 μg/mL), and intracellular amastigotes 70.6% and 70.8% (IC50 32.2 μg/mL) was observed when parasites were treated with 50 and 100 μg/ mL of extract, respectively. The analysis of the microbicidal activity of host cell infected, with L. amazonensis demonstrated that extract is able to reverse the effect caused by the parasite to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species. This growth inhibition was associated with several morphological alterations assessed by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning such as alteration on cell division, especially in the phase of cytokinesis, alteration in flagellar membrane, in flagellar pocket and duplication of kinetoplast DNA. Already by flow cytometry was possible to confirm that the treatment induced a phosphatidylserine exposure and decreased cell volume of promastigotes treated. In the host cell were observed cytoskeleton alterations, high number of cytoplasmatic projections, increase of cytoplasm, vacuoles and spreading ability. No cytotoxicity towards macrophages was observed. We have demonstrated that aqueous extract effectively promotes antileishmanial activity and clearly demonstrate the induction of apoptosis and ultrastructural alterations in Leishmania parasites. Thus, aqueous extract may represent a promising natural alternative source for a new antileishmanial agent.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atractis thapari (Nematoda, Atractidae) parasitizing Chelonoidis carbonarius and C. denticulatus (Testudinidae) in the state of Piauí, Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03) LEAL, Anangela Ravena da Silva; FREIRE, Simone Mousinho; KNOFF, Marcelo; FREIRE, Delir Correa Gomes Maues da Serra; SANTOS, Jeannie Nascimento dos; MENDONÇA, Ivete Lopes de
Atractis thapari Petter, 1966, an atractid nematode, was collected parasitizing the large intestine of tortoises of the species Chelonoidis carbonarius (Spix, 1824) (Cc) and C. denticulatus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Cd) (Testudinidae) in the Zoobotanical Park of the municipality of Teresina, state of Piauí, Brazil. Taxonomic identification was based on morphological and morphometrical features, and using bright-field and scanning electron microscopy. The present study adds new observations on the morphology of A. thapari, mainly relating to mouth papillae, the excretory pore, deirids, and male and female posterior ends. The parasitic indices of prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI), mean abundance (MA) and range of infection (RI) for A. thapari in these two tortoise species were: P = 100%, MI = 154,667, MA = 154,667, RI = 5,500-588,500 (Cc); P = 100%, MI = 93,639, MA = 93,639, RI = 1,000-224,500 (Cd). This report confirms the occurrence of A. thapari in Neotropical region, South America, Brazil, and extends its occurrences to a new host, the tortoise C. carbonarius. Adjustment of host management with the aim of improving hygiene and health conditions is suggested.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da razão sinal ruído em eletrorretinografia multifocal: descrição do método e aplicação em toxoplasmose ocular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) CARVALHO, Aline Correa de; SOUZA, Givago da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705421011644718; SILVEIRA, Luiz Carlos de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9383834641490219
The purpose of this work was to develop a quantitative analysis that allows, in healthful and patient with visual loss, to separate registers with signal correlated with the visual stimulation, of the registers that contain noise. System VERIS Science v6.0.5d was used to extract kernel first-class of the registers, and posterior exportation of the data for analysis in the MATLAB. In this environment of programming was carried the analysis of the main components (PCA), that is used to reduce the dimensionalidad of the data conserving its variation and minimizing the influence of the noise; the signal-to-noise analysis (SNR) of the multifocal responses (mfERG) using cumulative distribution SNR carried through in two intervals of time, one understanding only the signal and another one only the noise, for classification of the valid, diminished or absent responses. We have found that in a group healthy subjects, the noise and signal SNR cumulative distributions have not overlapped and occupy distinct ranges of SNR values in all subjects. By using a 1% criterion for false positives and false negatives, it was possible to define the borders of noise, low response, and signal SNR ranges. We have also applied this protocol to a three subject with visual loss due to ocular toxoplasmosis scares. In this case, there was a degree of overlapping between the noise and signal SNR distributions. It was still possible to separate the noise, low response, and signal SNR range by using the confidence limits for the distance between noise and signal boundaries obtained from the group of healthy subjects. The results of SNR evaluation were then used to display the mfERG waveforms in topographical plots that discriminate between reliable responses (signal), low responses, and no responses (noise). Using this approach, features of retinal topography, such as the optic nerve head, are more easily discriminate, whilst artifacts such as an erroneous central peak, are more easily rejected. The combinations of PCA to reconstruct mfERG waveforms with SNR evaluation are useful tools to analyze retinal topography both in healthy and impaired conditions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do nível de concordância do teste imunocromatográfico OptiMAL-IT® e a gota espessa no diagnóstico da malária, no município de Mazagão-AP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) FADUL, Danielle Scerne; COUTO, Álvaro Augusto Ribeiro D'Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3800209721205388
The precocious diagnosis and the opportune treatment of the cases of malaria is one of the main strategies for the control of the disease. Several alternatives for the traditional microscopic diagnosis were proposed in the last years, the Immunochromatographic tests that capture white antigens of the parasites of the malaria they are being proposed, as the test OptiMAL-IT® that captures the lactic desidrogenase of the Plasmodium sp.. The study had as objective the evaluation of the level of agreement between the Immunochromatographic test (OptiMAL-IT®) and the thick drop for the diagnosis of the malaria in the City of Mazagão – Amapá, Brazil. 413 individuals were analyzed with malaria sintomatology that had looked for the service of the unit of health service of the city, with age among 01-68 years. The results of the OptiMAL-IT® test were compared with the obtained results, of the same samples, through the thick drop red-faced by the Giemsa. Of the 413 patients suspicious to present malaria, 317(76.8%) were positive through GE and 311 (75.3%) were positive for TDR OptiMAL-IT®. Of the positive blades of GE, had been found 27.4% of P. falciparum and 72.6% of P. vivax . The OptiMAL-IT® test detected 27.7% of P. falciparum and 72.3% of P. vivax. The sensibility obtained with TDR for P. falciparum was of 97.7% and for P. vivax was of 98.2%, the global sensibility of TDR was of 98.1% and the global specificity for both the species was of 100%. They were found preditivos values positive and negative of 100% and 94.1%, respectively. The OptiMAL-IT® test had a high agreement with thick drop, it is specific and efficient. It can be used in the diagnosis of malaria in the situations where microscopy is not available.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização da resposta inflamatória e alterações neuroquímicas e eletrofisiológicas do tecido retiniano em modelo murino de malária cerebral induzido pela infecção por Plasmodium Berghei ANKA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-19) LEÃO, Luana Ketlen Reis; SILVA, Anderson Manoel Herculano Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8407177208423247; OLIVEIRA, Karen Renata Herculano Matos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3032008039259369
Cerebral malaria (CM) is one of the most serious complications resulting from infection by P. falciparum and the leading cause of death in children. The CM frame has a complex pathogenesis associated with neurological complications arising in an enhanced immune response as well as hemorrhagic events. Studies describing retinopathy associated with the frame, together with an intense process of astrogliosis in the vicinity of retinal vessels that nourish the tissue. This paper sought to characterize the inflammatory process and the possible neurochemical and electrophysiological changes in the retinal tissue of Swiss albino mice, when inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain (PbA). Swiss albino mice were infected with PbA strain. To characterize the above experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) was evaluated several parameters, such as onset of clinical signs, survival curves parasitemia (%) and body mass gain, vascular permeability and quantification of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10) in the cortical tissue. To evaluate changes in retinal tissue functionality, use full-field electroretinography. For the evaluation of neurotransmitter systems release assay was performed and uptake of glutamate and GABA which was then quantified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The inflammatory response analysis was performed to quantify the cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10) in retinal tissue. After characterizing the MCE framework we observe a reduction in the amplitude of b-wave of rods and cones, as well as increase the implicit time of rods, mixed responses at different intensities and oscillatory potential. We observed an increase in the release and glutamate uptake and also the activation of an anti-inflammatory pathway in retinal tissue. This study allowed us to validate the murine model of MCE and characterize for the first time, changes in the retinal function accompanied by changes in the glutamatergic system as well as activation of the inflammatory pathway in retinal tissue.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização lipídica de duas cepas de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis causadoras da leishmaniose tegumentar americana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-24) HAGE, Amanda Anastácia Pinto; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343
The american cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania with high incidence in the Amazon region. A variety of leishmania species are responsible for this pathology. Thus, depending on the species and the immune response of the vertebrate host, the disease can display different clinical forms, including localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). The main species responsible for the LTA is Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. However, due to existence of a multiplicity of strains of this species and reduced number of related studies, it is important to know the basic metabolic aspects of the protozoa such as lipid metabolism in an attempt to characterize pathways or components essential to their development and infectivity. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of lipid droplets (LD) and lipid profile of two strains of L. (V.) braziliensis isolated from different clinical cases at different periods of the stationary phase of cell growth. The promastigotes of strains M17593 (LCL) and M17323 (LMC) of L. (V.) braziliensis were used in early stationary phase (STAT-E) and late stationary (STAT-L) of the growth. Initially, was performed ultrastructural analysis of promastigotes by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and we could observe structures suggestive of LD distributed in the cytoplasm of the parasite, confirmed by imidazole-osmium cytochemical technique, organelles required for energy metabolism of the parasite. To quantify the LD distribution between the days of cultivation and between the different strains, analysis was performed by flow cytometry with BODIPY ® 493/503. The results showed that the MCL strain had a higher amount of LD during the late stationary phase. In LCL strain no significant difference was observed between the phases studied. Thus, it can be suggested that the increase inflammatory response that occurs in patients with MCL, is associated with LD accumulation in parasite, energy and eicosanoids source, such prostaglandins. Another hypothesis is the possible correlation between LD and the low phosphatidylserine exposure to the external surface of the membrane, important to parasite infectivity. For the total lipids analysis, parasites were subjected to lipid extraction, followed by HPTLC technique, which were found predominantly phospholipids, sterol esterified, sterols, triglycerides and fatty acids composing the parasite, with variations between strains and between phases studied. The LCL strain in late stationary phase has a higher amount of total lipids, which can be explained because this strain already known as the infective one, and possibly present high quantities of glycoconjugates associated with lipid subdomains important for the recognition of phagocytes. It is important to know the high infectivity of LCL strain compared to MCL strain, results in less inflammation. These results indicate that exist difference in lipid profile and LD distribution between different strains of L. (V.) braziliensis, which may be related to the parasite infectivity and the clinical manifestation of the disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização sérica da lectina ligadora de manose (MBL) em indivíduos portadores de parasitoses intestinais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) ALENCAR, Maria de Nazaré Costa Santos; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3099765198910740; BATISTA, Evander de Jesus Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2206444845201080
Although the intestinal parasitosis are known since a long time and be studied since its identification, still constitute a challenge for their diagnosis and treatment. The delineation of the problem coming up in the necessity of investments in research for more accurate diagnosis, for the prompt intervention, to the existing cases and work for the prevention of risk factors that favor the emergence, maintenance and propagation of these agents. The knowledge that the host's immune competence is a limiting factor of parasitic load of various species, stimulated the research considering that the Mannosebinding lectin (MBL), a component of the complement system, is a key protein of the innate immune system, acting in the first line of defense against pathogens because it is considered acute phase. In this study, were colected 221 samples of individuals of both gender and varied ages at three different laboratories, in the period from January to April 2012. The profile of the population of the study are made and the analysis of the association between social and demographic factors with the entero-parasites and evaluated the influence of serum levels of Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) susceptibility of enteroparasitoses, distribution by age group and gender. Established also the comparison between serum concentrations of MBL of groups with identification of parasites. Statistically significant associations were observed when related protozoa E. histolytica and G.lamblia with the serum concentration of the MBL.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Choledocystus elegans (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae) of Leptodactylus paraensis (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from the Brazilian Amazon
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12) GOMES, Tássia Fernanda Furo; MELO, Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos; GEISE, Elane Guerreiro; FURTADO, Adriano Penha; SANTOS, Jeannie Nascimento dos
The trematodes are parasites of the several vertebrates including amphibians, however the knowledge about of the taxonomy these parasites is still confuse. The trematode Choledocystus elegans was found in the small intestine of the Leptodactylus paraensis in eastern Amazon and presents the following characteristics: several pointed tegumentary spines, papillae on the outer and inner edges of the oral and ventral suckers, a round, well-developed cirrus sac, a well-developed cirrus, oblique testicles, a ovary right side, uterine loops extending between the testicles, follicular vitellaria distributed throughout the body, starting at the genital pore region and caeca close the end of the body. For the first time, this study identified C. elegans parasitizing L. paraensis and describes morphological aspects never characterized using light and scanning electron microscopy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dirofilariose canina em dois municípios da Ilha do Marajó, Estado do Pará, Brasil: um enfoque epidemiológico, morfológico e molecular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-03) FURTADO, Adriano Penha; LANFREDI, Reinalda Marisa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5488452069004649
Filarids are elongate and filiforms nematodes parasites. Canids filarids parasites belong to the Onchocercidae Family and are represented mainly by Genus Acanthocheilonema, Dipetalonema and Dirofilaria. These filarids develop in different places in the vertebrate host, and need for haematophagus invertebrate host to complete your cycle. Different infection levels can occur, since assintomatic, until the death of dog. The filarids parasites of dogs are found mainly in the region between the tropics. In the Amazon region a little is known about the distribution of these parasites, and until this moment, a study of distinguishing diagnosis was not performed. With this objective, we choose two cities in the Marajó Island (Salvaterra and São Sebastião da Boa Vista) and carry through a epidemiologic, morphologic and molecular studies. The percentage of microfilaremics dogs was of 37.34% in Salvaterra and 6.67% in São Sebastião da Boa Vista, resulting in a total prevalence of 32.45%. Analyzing the morphologic characteristics of the collected adult filarids, we concluded that these worms are of the Dirofilaria immitis species. For analysis of genic region, we conclude that the microfilariaes found in the dogs blood studied are also D. immitis species, and that these dogs had not presented mixing infection.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Doadores de sangue positivos em triagem sorológica para doença de Chagas no Acre: necessidade de adequação e orientação diagnóstica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-01-24) SILVA, Pablo Rodrigo de Andrade e; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
This study, which involved 77,893 blood donors who attended for the first time the Blood Center of Acre, from January 1997 to December 2008, aimed to: 1) to identify individuals with positive serology for Chagas disease, 2) characterize clinically, individuals with positive serology for Chagas' disease and 3) properly orient individuals serologically positive for therapy advocated. The sample consisted of 91.6% of male patients, with an average age around 47, all residents of the state of Acre. Serological screening was performed with the application of the ELISA positive results with 102 of these, 12 were included and subjected to confirmatory testing, of whom 11 had confirmed the positive result. According to the evaluation of complementary exams (ECG, echocardiography and endoscopy), a donor had installed the cardiac and the other an indeterminate form of the disease. You must provide the confirmatory test for Chagas disease in the routine of blood banks in order to ensure timely referral to a qualified medical assistance to that blood donor who became Chagas’ patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de fragmentação de hábitat sobre a prevalência de parasitoses intestinais em alouatta belzebul (Primates, Platyrrhini) na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-05-17) MARTINS, Simone de Souza; FERRARI, Stephen Francis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3447608036151352
Parasitological studies of natural populations of neotropical primates are relatively rare, and few data were available previously for the red-handed howler monkey, Alouatta belzebul. In the present study, populations of A. belzebul were sampled at five sites in the area of the reservoir of the Tucuruí hydro-electric dam in southeastem Brazilian Amazonia, corresponding to the right bank of the Rio Tocantins. Sites included continuous forest and fragments of habitat on islands varying in area from 180 to 484 hectares. A primary aim of the study was the evaluation of the effects of habitat perturbation on patterns of infestation for endoparasites. Population density was estimated at each site using standard line transect surveys of 100-108 km per site. Fecal samples were collected from six to fourteen groups at each site, with a total of 40- 46 individual samples per site (n = 212). Samples were fixed in MIF (Mercury Chromed, Iodine and Formaldehyde), and observed under a 400x optic microscope. Population density varied between 66,4 and 191,5 individuals per square kilometer. Overall, 76,4% of the samples were positive for at least one species of endoparasite, and a total of thirteen species were identified, including eight species of heiminthes and five protozoans. Individual samples contained as many as five different species of endoparasites. At a given site, the number of species identified varied between seven and twelve, and infection rates between 67,5% and 86%. No systematic pattern of parasite diversity or infection rates was found in relation to variables such as population size or density, or habitat fragmentation. Diversity and infection rates varied as much between the two continuous forest sites as among the forest fragments, and were lowest overall at the site with the lowest population density. The only exception was Trypanoxyuris minutus, a common oxyurid transmitted through direct contact, for which a strong correlation was found between infection rates and population density. Overall, little evidence was found to support the hypothesis that habitat fragmentation has a systematic effect on infestation patterns in A. belzebul, although more detailed studies will be recommend before more definitive conclusions can be drawn.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estrutura da comunidade de helmintos parasitos de Bothrops atrox (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes: Viperidae) da Amazônia Oriental brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-05) MOURA, Fred Gabriel Haick de; MELO, Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8939740618818787; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-8935-2923; MASCHIO, Gleomar Fabiano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7967540224850999; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9013-4437
Snakes play an important role in the life cycles of a wide variety of parasitic helminths, acting as both definitive and intermediate hosts. Several factors can influence the diversity, composition, and structure of parasite communities associated with these reptiles. Bothrops atrox, a venomous snake belonging to the family Viperidae and widely distributed throughout the Amazon, is of great medical relevance. Despite having a relatively well-documented helminth fauna, gaps remain in our understanding of the parasite-host dynamics involving this species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the diversity and structure of the helminth community of B. atrox in two localities within the Brazilian Amazon. This dissertation is structured into two chapters. In the first, we present results from a comparative analysis of the helminth community structure in B. atrox from two contrasting Amazonian environments: ombrophilous forest and natural open fields. Our analyses revealed a higher abundance of parasites in hosts from forested areas, and a positive correlation between host body size and parasite abundance. This is the first study specifically dedicated to investigating the diversity and structure of helminth communities in B. atrox across different ecosystems. In the second chapter, we describe a new species of the genus Kalicephalus, based on morphological characteristics and molecular data. This species showed the highest levels of abundance, dominance, and prevalence in forest communities. The chapter also brings new insights into the evolutionary history of the genus, contributing to a better understanding of its diversity and evolution. Thus, our study provides new data for understanding the diversity and ecology of helminth parasites of snakes in the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo epidemiológico da amebíase no Estado do Pará utilizando diferentes metodologias para diagnóstico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) SILVA, Mônica Cristina de Moraes; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
The amebiasis epidemiology had been evaluated since the E. histolytica (pathogenic) was differentiated from E. dispar (non-pathogenic). In this study, it had investigated the amebiasis frequency in residents from Pará using different diagnostic techniques and evaluated the parasite pathogenesis. All participants (n = 845) had given their fecal material and from them, 191 were asked about the symptoms of diarrhea, abdomen pain, constipation, nausea and vomit. We had also analyzed 8 liver exudates from patients suspected of hepatic amebiasis. All samples were examined by microscopy and the E. histolytica confirmation was done by antigen detection (E. histolytica Test. TechLab). Of the total, 98 fecal samples and all exudates were cultured in Pavlova medium for parasite isolation and biochemical characterization and molecular (species identification and genotyping of the locus 1-2). Strains from other Brazil regions were also genotyped. The positive rate for E. histolytica found was 29.35% (248/845) and there was no correlation with age. The sensitivity of the microscopy method was low (45.26% - 74/334) and the specificity high (87.03% - 260/334) when compared to the ELISA test. The correlation between presence of symptoms and ELISA positive results was significant (OR 4.4026) with the diarrhea and abdominal pain being the most reported. None of the exudate samples was positive under the microscopy, but 7 of them were ELISA positive. We had success in culturing only 22 fecal samples. The characterization of HE was possible only for 13 isolates, from which, 7 were E. histolytica and 6 E. dispar. The DNA of the 22 isolates and all exudates were tested by PCR for the species identification and genotyping. Of the total, 16 strains (9 mixed, 4 E. dispar and 3 E. histolytica) and 5 exudate had amplified at the PCR. The genotyping had identified additional positivity for E. histolytica in one exudate and showed different length polymorphisms for the locus 1-2 de E. histolytica and E. dispar of Pará and other Brazil regions and one case of co-infection by different genotypes of the E. dispar. Our results had showed that the invasive amebiasis is an important public health problem within the Amazonian population and that the high genotype variability of E. histolytica contribute for the maintenance of this disease in Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo morfológico de microparasitas em Aequidens plagiozonatus Kullander 1984 (Osteiththyes: Cichlidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-12-22) VIDEIRA, Marcela Nunes; MATOS, Edilson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7895814591867510
The ornamental fish market has been growing gradually in recent years and the increasing pressure on the banks of natural fishery resources, seeks to find alternatives to the continued production of fish through aquaculture or is the search for new features or even slightly, such as fish Aequidens plagiozonatus, common name cará pixuna. Based on this knowledge is important to perform studies characterizing the parasitological profile of these species of fish in order to verify and control the spread of parasites that cause imbalance in aquatic ecosystems. The objective this study was to provide a better understanding the bioecology, through a survey of actions caused by parasitic microparasites (microsporídios, myxosporídios e coccidios) emphasizing the morphology of these organisms. For this, five collections were made, totaling 100 specimens, which were autopsied and having their organs. Parasitized organs were removed fragments, fixed and processed for light microscopy. Hepatosomatic index were calculated and the prevalence of the parasite specimens for each group of parasites analyzed, giving the enfaze microparasites. From the observations made were 3 phyla were found: Myxozoa, Microsporidia and Apicomplexa. We observed the first occurrence of mixosporidiose urinary bladder of this species. We also observed the occurrence of multiparasitism and the multifocal localization of some parasites. The prevalence of microsporidia in the studied was 100%, 18% myxosporeans, Apicomplexa 45%. These data represent an important contribution to the study sanitary fish A. plagiozonatus in the region, since any activity that involves the extraction of natural resources should be managed through planning and management measures to allow the equilibrium of ecosystems, promoting sustainable use of its resources and guaranteeing the preservation of the system, so that it can prevent the spread and transfer of disease by means of aquatic animals. Keywords: Fish, Ictioparasitology, Aequidens plagiozonatus, microparasites.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fauna of Culicidae in rural areas of Porto Velho and the first record of Mansonia (Mansonia) flaveola (Coquillet, 1906), for the State of Rondônia, Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02) GAMA, Renata Antonaci; SILVA, Ivoneide Maria da; MONTEIRO, Hamilton Antonio de Oliveira; EIRAS, Álvaro Eduardo
Introduction: Knowledge concerning the fauna of Culicidae in the Brazilian Amazon States contributes to current understanding of the bionomics of the insects collected and makes it possible to observe changes in the fauna over time. Methods: The Culicidae were captured with a BG-Sentinel® trap in extra-domiciliary area of two rural regions of Porto Velho in June and July of 2007 and 2008. Results: A total of 10,695 Culicidae was collected, belonging to nine genera: Coquillettidia, Culex, Mansonia, Psorophora, Aedes, Aedeomyia, Anopheles, Uranotaenia and Wyeomyia. Conclusions: The presence of Mansonia (Mansonia) flaveola was recorded in the State of Rondônia for the first time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
First occurrence of Quadrigyrus nickoli (Acanthocephala) in the ornamental fishHyphessobrycon eques
(Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2013-03) FUJIMOTO, Rodrigo Yudi; ALMEIDA, Edilene Santos de; DINIZ, Daniel Guerreiro; MARTINS, Maurício Laterça; EIRAS, Jorge Costa
The objective of this work was to report the first seasonal occurrence of the acanthocephalan Quadrigyrus nickoliSchmidt & Hugghins, 1973(Quadrigyridae), in the “Mato Grosso”Hyphessobrycon eques (Characidae) (Steindachner, 1882), collected from the Chumucuí River, state of Pará, Brazil. The fish were collected between July 2006 (rainy season) and June 2007 (dry season) and were examined for parasites using pattern techniques. A total of 75 parasites were found in the stomach and intestine. Among 83 fish examined (50 in the dry season and 33 in the rainy season), 22 were parasitized by cystacanths of Q. nickoli. The importance of H. eques as a paratenic host for Q. nickoli is discussed. This is the first study on the biology of and infection by Q. nickoli occurring in the eastern Amazon region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Gnathostomatidae nematode parasite of Colomesus psittacus (Osteichthyes, Tetraodontiformes) in the Ilha de Marajó, Brazilian Amazon
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-09) PINHEIRO, Raul Henrique da Silva; SANTANA, Ricardo Luis Sousa; MELO, Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos; SANTOS, Jeannie Nascimento dos; GEISE, Elane Guerreiro
The genus Gnathostoma comprises 17 species, whose adult specimens are found in the stomach serosa of animals that consume raw fish; some species of the genus are zoonotic agents. The present study describes the presence of a nematode (Gnathostomatidae) parasitizing the digestive tract of Colomesus psittacus in the Ilha de Marajó in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Thirty specimens of C. psittacus were collected in the municipality of Soure, Ilha de Marajó, state of Pará, Brazil, transported to the laboratory, necropsied and the helminths were collected and fixed. Of the 30 fish that were studied, 16.67% were parasitized with nematodes. The nematode larvae found encysted in the intestinal serosa have anterior region with two lips, each with a pair of papillae; a cephalic bulb armed with six rows of discontinuous spines; four cervical sacs; a claviform esophagus; cuticular striations along the body; a simple excretory pore; and a short tail ending in a mucron. These morphological structures are diagnostic characters of the genus Gnathostoma, whose adults parasitize the stomach of carnivorous mammals and, rarely, the stomach of fish. However, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds are intermediate hosts of the third-stage larvae (L3), and humans may act as accidental hosts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hidatidose policística no Estado do Acre: contribuição para o diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico dos pacientes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06) SIQUEIRA, Nilton Ghiotti de; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
The echinococcosis is a zoonosis whose etiological agents are nematodes of the genus Echinococcus. There are five species of Echinococcus, two of them, E. oligarthrus (Diesing, 1863) and E. vogeli (Rausch & Bernstein, 1972) only occur in neotropical areas. The echinococcosis by E. vogeli causes multiple hydatid cysts, mainly in the liver of intermediate hosts, of which one is the human being. The lack of knowledge about the disease makes the diagnosis is delayed or even misleading. The lack of systematic information on treatment is also difficult to assess the results and prognosis of patients with peritoneal and hepatic lesions caused by E. vogeli. Here we describe the clinical features of patients, we propose a radiological classification protocol used in the classification of alveolar echinococcosis (E. multilocularis "PNM" Classification, Kern et al., 2006), which was also suitable for polycystic echinococcosis (E. vogeli) and describe a therapeutic option for the treatment of hydatid disease which previously had only been used for cases of cystic echinococcosis (E. granulosus, PAIR-Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, Reaspiration, Brunnetti et al., 2001). A prospective cohort study was initiated in 1999 and by 2009 included 60 patients. We describe the main symptoms and signs: pain in upper abdomen (65%) and hepatomegaly (60%) and patients were classified according to the "PNM" classification and submitted to three therapeutic modalities: (i) chemotherapy with albendazole at a dose of 10mg/kg/day, (ii) surgical removal of cysts or (iii) percutaneous puncture of the cysts- PAIR. After exclusion of two cases, due to inadequacy of the research protocol, the groups were distributed as follows: treatment with albendazole: n = 28 (48.3%, 28/58), surgical therapy: n = 25 (52.1%; 25/58) and PAIR: n = 5 (8.1%, 5 / 58). The results were stratified according to outcome of therapy: "Cure", represented by the disappearance of lesions after clinical or surgical treatment, "clinical improvement", defined as asymptomatic patients without weight loss and physiological functions preserved, "No Improvement" included patients who remained symptomatic, "Death" and "No Information", the monitoring did not allow a conclusion about the outcome. The three treatment groups together demonstrade lethality rate of 15.5% (9 / 58), "no improvement" 1.7% (1 / 58), "clinical improvement" in 40.0% (23/58) and "cure "in 32.8% (19/58). Regarding the outcome "death", there was no difference between therapies with albendazole or surgical treatment with 4 (14.2%) and 3 (12%) deaths respectively, but in the first group, albendazole, the outcome "cure" was 4.3% (1 / 23) and "clinical improvement" 74.0% (17/23), whereas in the "surgery" to "cure" represented 71.0% (17/24) and "clinical improvement" 16.7 (4 / 24). Therapy "PAIR" was associated with a lethality rate of 40% (2 / 5), cure in 20% (fifth) and clinical improvement in 40% (2 / 5). The "PNM" classification was useful to indicate such therapy in cases of polycystic hydatid disease. In conclusion, in the series studied surgical therapy has better results in the clinical therapy on the outcomes "cure" and "clinical improvement". The treatment for PAIR needs further studies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Histopathologic aspects in Plagioscion squamosissimus (HECKEL, 1940) induced by Neoechinorhynchus veropesoi, metacestodes and anisakidae juveniles
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06) MELO, Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos; RODRIGUES, Rogério Antonio Ribeiro; GEISE, Elane Guerreiro; GARDNER, Scott Lyell; SANTOS, Jeannie Nascimento dos
Plagioscion squamosissimus (Heckel 1840), a fish endemic to the Amazon Basin and commonly known as the “silver croaker”, plays an important role in the ecology and economy of Pará State, Brazil. Knowledge of host-parasite relationships is important to understanding the role of parasites in the control of natural host populations. This work describes histopathological aspects caused by several common intestinal parasites found during a helminthological survey of fish in northern Brazil. We observed a high prevalence of helminth infection, especially by J3 nematode juveniles of the family Anisakidae and metacestodes of the family Protocephalidae (both with 100% prevalence). An external capsule surrounded each juvenile with numerous juveniles inside sac-like structures formed of connective tissue. Inflammation was observed to be caused by infection of metacestodes, reaching the intestinal muscularis mucosa. Neoechinorhynchus veropesoi (38% prevalence) was found in the small intestine of P. squamosissimus, invading the mucosa, submucosa, and internal muscularis of the intestine causing intense inflammation. Histopathology of host-parasite relationships in fish has been rare, and the pathology of parasites in P. squamosissimus is described herein.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
ICB/PPGBAIP Estudo da ocorrência e perfil de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de pacientes e profissionais de saúde na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de hospital público de Rio Branco-AC
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-07) LAVIOLA GARCÊZ, Poliana Torres; LOUREIRO, Edvaldo Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685418720563351
The nosocomial infection is a serious public health problem worldwide, mainly in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, which are subject to greater risk due to the severity of clinical symptoms, constant use of broad spectrum antibiotics and frequency of use of invasive procedures. Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen that colonizes healthy individuals and is also responsible for infections in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to identify the resistance profile, main sites affected by infection and possible risk factors associated with infection or colonization by S. aureus isolated from patients and healthcare professionals from the Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Emergency and Emergency, Rio Branco (HUERB) – Acre. We developed a cross-sectional study, conducted between January to August 2009. To search for carriers, biological samples were collected from microbiota of patients and professionals and professionals hand washing. For a survey of cases of patients with nosocomial infection were collected biological samples from sites suspected of being affected, 72 hours from the date of admission until discharge, transfer or death. Of the 62 patients enrolled in the study, 19.3% were carriers and 6.4% developed nosocomial infections by S. aureus, and 35 professionals, 28.6% were carriers of S. aureus. It was the second most bacterial species isolated from patients, and was the fifth most isolated from cases of nosocomial infection. There was no statistical evidence for the variable state of coma, use of invasive procedures and state of carrier patient are considered risk factors for acquiring nosocomial S. aureus in this study. The anatomical sites affected by IH by S. aureus were the respiratory tract ( n=2), followed by blood (n=1). The sample catheter tip was responsible for one insulated. One (1.6%) patient developed IH by MRSA, and 5 (8,1%) patients and 2 ( 5.7%) professionals were MRSA carriers, low occurrence as it relates to the results of the rest of Brazil and world. We also emphasize the incidence of MRSA over MSSA and low antomicrobial resistance of MRSA demonstrating that the UTI-HUERB, the IH S. aureus does not constitute a public health problem. There were no isolates of S. aureus resistant to vancomicina, wich can be considered a therapeutic option for cases of IH by MRSA. It is worth emphasizing the importance of this study in Acre State, for being the first of its kind in the UTI, involving S. aureus and MRSA.