Navegando por CNPq "CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS"

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Acordos de cooperação internacional para o intercâmbio de informações fiscais e o sigilo bancário
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-08) LOBATO, Rodrigo Costa; SCAFF, Fernando Facury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3214760192523948
This study examines the constitutional foundation that legitimizes the incorporation of international agreements for tax information exchange in the Brazilian legal system and those implications for privacy and banking rights and fiscal secrecy. In the first chapter, will be analyzed the recognition of the fundamental duty to pay taxes, demonstrating that tax collection is the main source of funds for the State to finance the realization of the fundamental rights protected by the Federal Constitution. And demonstrates that the non-payment of taxes per part of society distorts the principles of tax capacity and isonomy, preventing tax justice from being achieved. In the second chapter, a brief analysis is made of the conduct and strategies adopted by taxpayers to evade paying taxes, as well as the countries where they seek refuge to practice such practices. In the third chapter, it is proposed to examine three instruments of international cooperation that Brazil adopted as an attempt to combat such practices, the Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters, the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) and the BEPS Project. In a sequence, the form of internalization of international agreements and treaties in the Brazilian legal system is studied. The fourth chapter is intended to analyze the conceptions about banking and fiscal secrecy in Brazil, especially after the introduction of Complementary Law n. 105/2001 in the legal system, demonstrating the understanding of the Federal Supreme Court on its constitutionality of the norm. At the end, it is examined the possibility of relativizing the constitutional protection conferred on the right to privacy and banking secrecy, allowing direct access by the Tax Administration to the taxpayers' financial data and the international exchange of this information, and what constitutional basis for it.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da eficiência do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos de saúde no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) SOUZA, Rafael Monteiro de; PEREIRA, José Almir Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9918600634569244
Study of the management of Solid Waste of Health Services - RSS at the University Hospital João de Barros Barreto - HUJBB, analyzing and mapping the management processes of RSS from its generation to the final delivery to the collecting company. For this, the impact of the sector on the Hospital's operating expenses was evaluated and, then, actions were proposed to improve the management, transportation and destination processes of the RSS in the HUJBB. The methodology used in the study was applied research, of a descriptive-exploratory nature, using methods of documentary survey in the institution, interviews with the people involved and systematic observation with field research in the sectors. As a result of the qualitative-quantitative research, it was verified that in the year 2016 55,878.05 Kg of RSS were generated, which resulted in an annual expense of R $ 134,588.06 RSS in the HUJBB. The research was verified that the management of the RSS is inefficient, and the deficiency in the operational management reduces the commitment of the employees involved in the process, reason for the need to improve the infrastructure and reformulate the procedures in the solid waste sector of HUJBB.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise dos impactos de mudanças nas precipitações pluviométricas sobre produtos florestais não madeireiros e as lavouras permanentes do Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-04-27) NOGUEIRA, Ana Karlla Magalhães; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2532279040491194
The objective of the thesis was to analyze the impacts of the changes in rainfall on non-timber forest products (NTFP) and permanent crops in the state of Pará from 1999 to 2013, measured by means of a panel data and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Hence, the socioeconomic and environmental benefit of extraction and commercialization of Brazil nut, andiroba and copaiba oils were calculated. The influence of changes in rainfall levels on the permanent crop market in the mesoregions in the state of Pará were also measured from 2000 to 2013 by estimating the supply and demand equations in the form of fixed-effects dynamic panel data. It was verified in the analyzed period that the demand and the supply of Brazil nuts, andiroba and copaiba oils and products from permanent crops were inelastic in price. The income elasticity of demand encompassed Brazil nuts and andiroba and copaiba oils as superior goods and the permanent crops as essential to consumption. The cross-elasticity of demand indicated a complementary relationship between acai and Brazil nuts and substitution between products of permanent and temporary crops. The cross-elasticity of supply indicated that the production of oils and Brazil nuts does not compete with the use of labor, land and capital in the local market, since they are considered as joint products. In contrast, in relation to temporary crops, the cross-elasticity of the supply of permanent crops indicated a competitive relationship with the factors of production. Changes in rainfall have a negative influence on the supply of Brazil nuts, andiroba and copaiba oils and products from permanent crops in the mesoregions of Pará state. Regarding Brazil nuts, the results also showed that due to changes in the levels of the rainfall, a decrease has occurred in the socioeconomic environmental benefit for the population of western Pará since 1999, which is a decrease of 16.46% in relation to the benefit obtained before the change in the rainfall levels. As for the distribution of benefits after changes in rainfall, consumers were those who had the main losses, with a drop of 10.22% (-R$ 5,406.03 thousand) of total benefits. With respect to the oils of andiroba and copaiba, a decrease of 1.45% (-R$68.72 thousand) was also verified in the socioeconomic environmental benefit for the population of the western Pará. Consumers were the main losers, with a loss of -R$124.67 thousand/year. The objective of this research was to analize the impacts of changes on rainfalldy about forest
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Capoeira: sobrevivência e resistência na sociedade do capital
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-14) SILVA, Francisco Márcio Costa da; SILVA, Élido Santiago da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3584642268601018; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-0860
The present study within its scope brings forth notes that outline the current configurations of Capoeira and its functions in the everyday social context. From the premise that Capoeira is a practice originating from the diaspora as a means to resist an oppressive system (ABIB, 2004), and it was consolidated in Brazil during the period of slavery (Rego, 1968), it still endures and has both national and international reach, being present in over 150 countries across the five continents according to the latest survey by IPHAN (2014). The central concern of this research endeavor lies in comprehending the resilience of a longstanding practice stemming from the era of enslavement in the context of the contemporary capitalist system. As posited by Mészáros (2005), which commodifies all aspects of existence. References employed for this study include Marx (2007, 2008, 2011, 2013), Mészáros (2005, 2015), Antunes (2009), Vasquez (2011), and various others, thereby providing foundational insights into the workings of the aforementioned system were used. Regarding Capoeira, this study draws upon the works of Rego (1968), Brito and Granada (2021), Khol (2014), Araújo (2006, 2008), Campos (2001, 2009), Falcão (2004, 2011), Abib (2004), among others, to elucidate the conditions and various facets through which Capoeira has evolved as a sporting and cultural practice, persevering over time and in response to structural changes driven by capitalism. In pursuit of comprehending how Capoeira endures to the present day and the dimensions it encompasses, an extensive search was conducted both nationally and internationally to engage with individuals who have been practitioners of Capoeira for a minimum of ten years. They were queried about the ways in which Capoeira manifests itself within their respective contexts. As a result, it was observed that there have been numerous changes in this practice since its inception. However, it is its ability to undergo metamorphosis that has enabled it to adapt to social demands, transforming itself into a pluralistic practice. However, its condition as a commodity was emphasized as predominant. This path has ensured other possibilities for survival within the capitalist system, with labor (both in its formative and subsistence aspects) serving as the foundation that has facilitated its longevity and continuity to the present day, reaffirming Capoeira's embryonic role as a form of resistance in diverse circumstances.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Casa de memória transxingu: patrimônio cultural digital como preservação de patrimônio cultural ameaçado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-29) MARTINS, Alan David Bitencourt; HAMOY, Idanise Sant’Ana Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0136019251243788; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-4233
Launched in 2003 by UNESCO, the Charter for the Preservation of Digital Heritage highlighted the importance of data preservation, since then efforts have been made to establish attractive principles that justify investments by governments and institutions to preserve this type of heritage, formed above all from the process of adopting digital information and communication technologies. In order to contribute to the discussion and understanding of this type of heritage and to collaborate with the construction of those principles, this work researched the process of creating the Collection of the Casa de Memória Transxingu, in Altamira, Pará, an essentially digital collection created to preserve the culture from the process of inventorying the cultural assets of the medium-low Xingu region, a way of compensating for the profound changes that the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant brought to the region. We show how the laws for the preservation of cultural heritage and the preservation of the environment were constructed and linked over time in order to preserve culture by determining the inventory of cultural assets in the region and detail the stages of idealization, projection and execution of the processes. of construction of the House of Memory, the inventory and assembly of the Museum Space intended to promote and preserve the Collection, discussing at each moment important points regarding the use of this type of heritage as a way of preserving cultural heritage, demonstrating how digital heritage can preserve cultural heritage by becoming a digital cultural heritage.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comuns em cercamento: uma análise do protocolo comunitário do Bailique, Amapá, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) MONTEIRO, Igor Alexandre Pinheiro; GONÇALVES, Marcela Vecchione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9274854854102856
Community practices organizing and regulating the use and the settings of the commons are permeated by specific connections to land. Also, these practices are informed by ways of relating to nature which may constitute ways of resisting to the manner capital is organized and set up as well to the mercantilized relations that constitutes it. Frequently, such relations limit traditional communities actions amidst their self governance processes. We believe these limitations are enabled on the juridical, the physical (land) and the political, building upon in what we will call as enclosures. Such enclosures operate by destructuring complex social organizations and complex political dynamics of production and reproduction which shape community relations in practice - the very actions we consider as the Commons, as according to Dardot and Laval (2016). In order to observe the enclousre of the commons, this research will focus on the elaboration process of the Bailique Community Protocol, between 2016 and 2017. Based on it, we argue that enclosures may be happening over some communities, participants of the process carried on at the Bailique Archipelago, while they were builiding the community protocol to protect their knowledge, their territory so much so that to contribute with local development. The analysis of the changes provoked on the social organization and on the relation with the land departing from the community protocol helps us in understanding how the neoliberal rationality can limit the scope and the efficacy of juridical protections of communities as well as the physical spaces necessary for their social reproduction. This movement weaken communities' agency, opening space for the advancement of the mercantilization of nature. We approach this debate inspired by the reflections on the rationality of the commons and based on fieldwork lying on the activist research method that invokes the research should be politically aligned to the problems faced and pointed out as important by the very groups we work with.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conflitos entre sobrevivência familiar e conservação ambiental em Reservas Extrativistas da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-01-26) FREITAS, Josimar da Silva; FARIAS FILHO, Milton Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0624491756992741; MATHIS, Armin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365078023155571
Public policies for RESEXs (over the last three decades) continue to not ignore the social needs and environmental goals. Economic Sociology explains the actions of actors within markets, in which individual behavior influences the collective, whether in the insertion of livestock rearing or in the removal of wood, productive diversity and so on. The literature reveals an inefficiency of RESEXs as a development model that guarantees environmental conservation and social development. The research supports the thesis that environmental priority, low investments and devaluation of residents promote high socioeconomic demands, leading to environmental instability and unsustainability of RESEXs in the Amazon. For this, a study was conducted on the association between variables: policy inefficiency, management, control and allocation of financial resources in three RESEXs located in the Brazilian Amazon. The Prism Model was used to identify, select and include the published works on the subject in national and international databases, and, subsequenthy, a survey (semi-open questionnaire) with residents from three Amazon RESEXs located in the State of Acre, Amapá and Rondônia. We interviewed 232 residents and 12 environmental analysts from ICMBio. The results revealed that RESEXs are unsustainable because they were created with an emphasis on biological conservation and not to develop their residents in a sustainable way. The management model of state institutions is inefficient and there are no trusts that ensure biological stability. The thesis here is that local populations exploit the forest to meet biological, economic and social needs and, therefore, do not consider environmental conservation as a priority, thus leadmy to the unsustainability of RESEXs at Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Controle parlamentar da atividade de inteligência no Brasil: um estudo sobre a produção legislativa da CCAI e da CREDN entre os anos de 2003 a 2010
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-06-29) MIRANDA, Wando Dias; NASCIMENTO, Durbens Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4086120226722277
The present work is the result of a research on the parliamentary control of the intelligence activity carried out particulaly by the Joint Commission for the Control of Intelligence Activities (CCAI) and the Committee on Foreign Relations and National Defense (CREDN) between 2003 and 2010, the period correspond to the first leftist government in Brazil, which aroused the interest to analyze the system of external control made by the Brazilian legislature, with emphasis on its legislative production and the analysis of the contents of interviews with actors involved in this process. The research was developed following the methodology of Neoinstitutionalism of rational choice and Neo discursive institutionalism, with the theoretical help of the analysis of Bardin's discourse. Based on the central hypothesis that there is no effective control of intelligence activity in Brazil, parliamentary documents (minutes, reports, laws) of the selected period were analyzed, as well as interviews with actors involved in the process. In this way, the work was developed to explain the process of historical evolution of the intelligence services as a State activity, its role in the decision process, its different evolutions in the world and in Latin America and Brazil and the role of the Regulatory Commissions. It is concluded that, despite the existence of legislative Committees for the control and control of intelligence activity, its performance because being deficient due to political movements and the absence of a specific training of the members of these Commissions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento sustentável e uso dos recursos naturais em áreas de várzea do território do baixo Tocantins da Amazônia paraense: limites, desafios e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-19) REIS, Adebaro Alves dos; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
The central goal of this thesis is to understand and analyze the dynamics of sustainable use the natural resource by the cabocla-riverside populations aiming the application of sustainable development concept and, starting the observation the everyday the way of life, the use of natural resources and the process of diversified production as empirical elements required to think a new pattern of development, in other words, the sustainable, anchored to traditional knowledges of cabocla-riverside populations of lowland areas the territory of Baixo Tocantins of Amazon Paraense. Like this, sought , starting of theoric debate, develop a criticizes to modern science, with specificity to instrumental rationality, that promoted fragmentation the relationship between man and nature, through development of destructive activities the natural resources that compromise the own human life , the same time, was introduced an approach of interdisciplinarity as one possibility of articulation in different areas of knowledge for a intervention under perspectives of dimensions the social life and natural. The study to elaborate this thesis has as universe the Baixo Tocantins territory, where it considered the lowland ecosystems of municipalities Abaetetuba and Igarapé-Miri, in their components considered strategic like: riverside communities, agro ecosystem and riverside population, constitutive the Tocantins river margin. For this, was reconstituted of synthetic mode, the historical trajectory of this territory through of occupation, development, and use of natural resources, which were analyzed from adaptive productive dynamics , and use of natural resources in their multiple activities of management of lowland ecosystem focused for production and management of açaí , agroforestry systems (SAFs), agriculture, creating of small and medium-sized animals , creation of fishes, vegetal extractivism and animal , shrimp fishery and fish on lowland ecosystem. This practices of use the natural resources, traditionally employed by inhabitants of lowland areas makes part of one lifestyle, that secularly has guaranteed the production of knowledge acquired/inherited of past generations, how management and use nature resources of this agrosystem. The productive diversity strategies, management and multiple uses the nature resources follows the rhythms imposed by nature of adaptation capacity of relation with natural conditions of lowland areas, such as : flood process, flood and ebb the rivers, erosion/ deposition , environmental impacts by great developmental projects, elevated levels of the rivers , among others factors, keeping a high degree of interrelationship balanced with nature. Can mean that, in the lowland ecosystem, man and nature are completed, creating a single standard of sustainable development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Direito à consulta e consentimento prévio, livre e informado na construção de resistências: a elaboração do protocolo comunitário autônomo de consulta como instrumento de garantia de direitos fundamentais na Comunidade Quilombola de São José de Icatu - Baião/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-08) PEREIRA, Adhara Abdala Nogueira Pereira; CASTRO, Fábio Fonseca de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5700042332015787; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8083-1415
In response to the secular movement of occupation and exploitation that energizes Traditional Peoples and Communities in the Amazon, these groups' great activity was to appropriate more legal and normative instruments to add to their struggles and resistance. In this context, the Quilombola Community São José de Icatu stands out, located between the municipalities of Baião and Mocajuba, in the region of Baixo Tocantins, State of Pará; as being today an example of mobilization and social organization for the surrounding communities. In this sense, Convention 169 of the International Labor Organization has been the instrument that most stands out in the current scenario faced by them, it was through the knowledge of the right to Consultation and Prior, Free and Informed Consent - CCPLI, that they began to recognize the importance of their culture and the guarantee of fundamental rights; which motivated the elaboration of the Autonomous Community Protocol for Prior Consultation and Consent; being the first Quilombola community in the region to have this initiative. Thus, this paper seeks to understand, from the understanding of the community of São José de Icatu, how the right to Free, Informed Prior Consultation and the process of elaboration of Consultation Protocols could be considered an instrument to guarantee fundamental rights of the Quilombola Community against the threats of the development process, despite the link between heritage and occupation, as a symbolic and political construction in the unity of the group over time. To this end, research was carried out using interdisciplinary methods, at different times, first by conducting a conversation circle in an event held in the community in 2019, and the second by semi-structured interviews, in 2021; supported by the analysis of bibliographic and documental data. So, we conclude that the community recognizes in the CPLI an instrument to guarantee rights, as well as the expectation of the effectiveness of a legitimate document, which meets the internal demands and cosmovision of its subjects, in the elaboration of the Consultation Protocols, even though there are political and institutional barriers that try to make such effectiveness unfeasible. This way, community members consider both instruments as means capable of solving external and internal demands and conflicts, adding to the defense of their culture, territory, and rights, and contributing to the struggle for resistance and existence of this community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os Direitos humanos entre polícia e política
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) DELUCHEY, Jean-François Yves
Based on analysis of the 1948 UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and on the differentiation between the concepts of police and politics by the French philosopher Jacques Rancière, The author identifies that there is currently a police approach (or governmental) of human rights. The author criticizes the scam of this approach and recommends a repolitization of the human rights matters in order to seek the renewal of their universal dimension.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Do esquecimento ao resgate histórico: as dinâmicas sociais e o processo de reorganização do patrimônio material dos veteranos de guerra do Pará na AECB-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-07) MACHADO, Lucas Carnevale; COSTA, Diogo Menezes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3938588690473816; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4220-8232
This series of works is aimed at discussing, from the conceptual perspective of cultural heritage science, both the inventory process and the various dynamics that involve the process of abandonment and safeguarding of the Associação de Ex-combatentes do Brasil archives, Pará division (AECB-PA), in which a large part was lost by human or climate actions. The articles in which the work was divided present aspects attached to matters such as social issues, the historical construction of the archives, as well as internal and external views on the group of war veterans from Pará. This materiality contributed to analyzing the relationships, sometimes harmonious, sometimes conflicting, of the social group that produced this heritage with society, and the subsequent process of neglect and abandonment; it was necessary to address issues related to collective memory, individual narratives in addition to discussions about the comradeship space, and the social and original role of material traces of war veterans from Pará. In order to carry out this procedure, the archives were analyzed through multidisciplinary approaches of cultural heritage, related to archeology and history, by analyzing data, quantifying the documentary universe, such as the analysis of traces of the institutional abandonment, and historical narratives constructed by the veterans themselves
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação ambiental : uma abordagem crítica e decolonial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-02) GONÇALVES, Mardony Barbosa de Paula; FREITAS, Nádia Magalhães da Silva
The theme of this text is Environmental Education (EE) in its critical and decolonial aspects. This proposition arises from an analysis of the school's Agenda 21, one of the EE projects worked on in the school network of the municipality of Canaã dos Carajás in the state of Pará, in which it was realized follows a pragmatic trend. With the critical education of our students in mind, and with the National Common Core Curriculum (BNCC) as our guiding document, one of whose competencies advocates socio-environmental awareness, responsible consumption and ethical positioning, we thought of a thematic as a didactic product, in order to contribute to the teaching practice of teachers linked to the municipal public network, with the aim of fostering environmental education in the critical macro-trend, in association with decolonial perspectives, in order to understand the environmental problems that afflict today's society. With a qualitative approach, this work is based on a narrative bibliographical review, using Google Scholar as a search platform to gather some articles that discuss the subject. The results of the research led to the creation of an educational product, a thematic text, entitled “Environmental Education: critical and decolonial aspects, which addresses fundamental topics that permeate environmental education, such as the history of Environmental Education, Environmental Education policies, National Curriculum Guidelines for Environmental Education, the environmental crisis, a critical approach to environmental issues, the (de)coloniality of nature and contemporary themes in Environmental Education. We believe that by helping to expand teachers' cognitive repertoire, we can reach the classroom and prepare students to problematize contemporary socioenvironmental challenges.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Gestão sistêmica do fracasso escolar no ensino médio da rede pública no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-06-19) MARTINS, Roberto Araújo; MATHIS, Armin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365078023155571
The thesis aimed at describing the persistent failure of public education in high school in Pará and its possible causes. The research problem is based on the following question: How do the political and educational systems behave in the face of persistent school failure in high school in the state of Pará? The research followed some guiding questions: a) How do the organizations of the political system observe and organize to face the school failure in high school in Pará? b) How does the educational system absorb the communications of the political system in actions to combat school failure that require intersystemic interaction? c) What factors influence the persistence of school failure in the public high school system? The starting point was a paradigmatic epistemological approach in the sociological and educational field based on the theory of self-referential systems of the German sociologist Niklas Luhmann, who took bibliographic data, systematic observation in the field and Web Survey research. In the data organization and analysis, qualitative and quantitative techniques were used. It was contacted that the persistence of school failure in high school gains a circular dimension due to the impossibility of communication between organizations that act in the political and educational systems aiming at educational success. The proposed thesis is confirmed in the sense that the phenomenon of school failure in Pará becomes systemic to the extent that the politics of fighting the phenomenon through the political and educational systems reinforce it instead of fighting it. The mistaken communications of the political-administrative system find resistance in the educational system, which shifts its unity from the intention to educate to the defense of the profession, resulting in the circularity and reproduction of the phenomenon in the state.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Governança ambiental e turismo - análise dos parque nacionais: Amazônia, Chapada das Mesas (Brasil) e Tortuguero (Costa Rica)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-15) ARAÚJO, Monica de Nazaré Ferreira de; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
The theme of this thesis deals with environmental governance processes and their relationship to tourism in protected areas and their surroundings. Its central axis consists on seeking for answers related to how social actors participate, in some way – directly or indirectly – articulate and promote collective actions in national parks, in order to contribute to the management of these areas, especially with regard to its conservation and tourism takes place in them. Such an investigation starts from in the hypothetical principle that although the foundations that put in place a process of environmental governance in national parks be financially supported by the State, social participation is a determining condition for both the preservation of its ecosystem and for the stimulation of eco-tourism. The thesis was systematically articulated, in order to analyze, comparatively, the construction of environmental governance from the perspective of collective action, at the following parks: Amazon National Park (Pará and Amazonas), and Chapada das Mesas National Park (Maranhão), both in Brazil, and in the Tortuguero National Park, in Costa Rica, considering, especially, what is carried out by various social actors with respect to conservation and sustainable tourism. For this, it was based on theories that discuss the concept and the implementation of environmental governance as well as their connections with tourism in protected areas, from the perspective of sustainability. The methodological basis of this thesis are supported in qualitative research – field survey for data collection – taking as aid documentary and bibliographic sources. To illustrate certain circumstances, during field research, we used the local iconography. It was concluded in summary, that the dynamics of the participation of certain social actors in these protected areas is a determing factor to the direction of the governance process and its effects on biodiversity protection and tourism
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Guyanese migration and remittances to Guyana: a case study if their potentials and challenges for Guyana's economy
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) CORBIN, Hisakhana Pahoona; ARAGÓN VACA, Luis Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2713210031909963
This mixed method case study was conducted with focus on the potentials and challenges of migration and remittances on Guyana’s economy. The study examined, described and analyzed Guyana’s major migratory flows, which continue to lead to inflows of monetary and nonmonetary remittances to Guyana. Questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, archival records, and observations (direct and participant) were utilized to gain an in-depth understanding of the issue under study. The study confirmed that 56% of the Guyanese population has been lost to migration. As Guyanese continue to migrate, there are greater flows the USA, Canada and the United Kingdom. The study further confirms that nonmonetary remittances accounts for approximately 13% of monetary remittances to Guyana. The study also confirms a significant dependence on remittances by households to meet their basic needs, which further confirms the vulnerability of Guyana’s economy in response to shocks on the economies of the USA, Canada and the UK. In-spite of these flows of migrants and remittances, no policy on migration and remittances has been incorporated into policies for development to unlock the potential benefits for the Guyanese economy. While dimensions of migrations such as brain-drain were and still are sometimes perceived a hindrance to development, this study confirms that migration and remittances could impact positively on Guyana’s economy if appropriate policy instruments are elaborated and integrated into a policies and comprehensive development framework for Guyana.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
INSIKIRAN: Por uma comunicação voltada para os povos indígenas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-07-12) FARO JUNIOR, Nelson Duarte; GONÇALVES, Marcela Vecchione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9274854854102856
This work was developed with the purpose of understanding the policy of indigenous higher education of the Insikiran Institute of the Federal University of Roraima / UFRR and its unfolding in indigenous communication. The case study combined methodologically, as data collection technique, documentary research, interviews and field observations. The post and decolonial theories were used as a theoretical reference for data analysis, based on the thinking of Boaventura dos Santos, Martín Barbero, Walter Mignolo and Aníbal Quijano. Communication is also discussed as a fundamental right for indigenous peoples.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Institucionalização das práticas de sustentabilidade na Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-11-30) MENDES, Michela Alessandra Fraga; TOMA, Marina Yassuko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6883396550618718
The purpose of this work is to understand the process of institutionalization of sustainability practices at the Federal University of Pará - Campus Belém, based on institutional theory, which presents the process of institutionalization, composed of three phases: habitualization, objectification and sedimentation.The research is methodologically structured as a kind of search qualitative, quantitative, for the processing of the data; exploratory-descriptive, about the objetives; bibliographical, documentary and as field research, as to the technical procedures. For a data collection, the instrument used in the questionnaire, structured with questions measured using the Likert scale. The proposed instrument had been applied to the servers of the University Campus of Belém. The results were analyzed and presented graphically by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The research enabled the lifting of the factors for each phase of the proposed model for analysis. The results demonstrate that the are occurring in the process of institutionalizing sustainability practices in University.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Instituto do pacto de saúde: regionalização e municipalização da saúde no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) NUNES, Silvia Ferreira; NASCIMENTO, Durbens Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4086120226722277
The main objective of this work is to understand if the Institute of the Pact, established by the Health Pact in 2006, promotes more cooperative and supportive behavior among federal entities involved in the compromise of public health policies, as well as, if it induces the proper allocation of functions, planning and organization of regionalized systems, and, if institutionality is guaranteed, to intergovernmental agreements, public health policies are necessary. In order to do so, it is intended to use as inspiration the Neo-institutional theoretical-methodological reference, specifically the rational choice and, within it, the Asymmetric Bargaining Theory, to investigate the problem. We assume that the fact that health service provision is conditional on the need for universal, equitable and integral care to Brazilian citizens with scarcity of resources and infrastructure, requires articulation between municipalities, state and union, in this way the articulation is far from being trivial and therefore the need for rules that establish parameters for the affirmation of intergovernmental pacts. It is observed that the institutional arrangement established by the SUS does not allow credibility in the commitments assumed by the federated entities and that the mechanisms used do not allow convergence of the strategies of the actors to the condition of cooperation. The pact institute does not create conditions to stabilize competing positions and internalize externalities, as well as contain the risk and uncertainties in the agreement, so it is insufficient in a context of conflicting interests with asymmetric information, power and resources and greater flexibility of the design regional level to alleviate the distributive struggle between municipalities offering and demanding medium and high complexity health services. These rules maintain the conditions for maximizing the individual interests of the disbursing municipalities and in asymmetric information conditions and tendencies in the political arena do not allow to establish levels of credibility of commitment between federated entities and added to exogenous factors to the process of agreement maintains attitudes that hurt the principles of universality, equities and integrality established by the Brazilian citizen constitution.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Manejo da terra e fogo acidental na Amazônia brasileira: uma análise sob a perspectiva da Unidade Produtiva Camponesa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-12) CHERMONT, Larissa Steiner; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862
Fire is a constant in rural areas throughout the Brazilian Amazon, both as intentional burning and accidental fires, which entails a constant threat to human survival and the integrity of forests. The human activity of opening up the agricultural frontier in this region, characterized by the predominance of extensive systems of land management, consists in the main source of ignition of accidental fires. The phenomenon called fire contagion occurs when fire escapes out of human control and reaches neighboring areas of forests and rural productive units. The main objective of this work is to present a theoretical-methodological framework that adequately addresses the behavior of peasants of the Brazilian Amazon, more specifically with regard to their decision-making process of land management for production, as regards to fire use as an agricultural technique, as well as their reactions to the fire contagion in their units. The model of reproductive efficiency of Costa and the field theory of Bourdieu are taken as theoretical-methodological references. The subfield of peasant production in the Brazilian Amazon hosts the field work for primary data collection of peasants settled along the federal highway Cuiabá - Santarém, known as the BR-163 Corridor, covering areas of the territories of the Brazilian States of Pará and Mato Grosso. Statistical techniques, such as regression with dummy variables, tests based on Chi-square statistics and logistic modeling supported the individual and joint analyzes of the determinants, empirically identified as explanatory variables of peasant behavioral decision making for fire use and their reactions to fire contagion. The results on both subjects (use of fire and accidental fire) confirm the guiding hypothesis of the present work, which claims that that peasant behavior, as a decision maker of the productive unit is constantly influenced by the sociocultural and institutional environment, without however ignore their specificities as peasant units.