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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aborto, sexualidade e direitos humanos em escritos do Judiciário
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SOUZA, Estella Libardi de; BELTRÃO, Jane Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6647582671406048
Based on the fundamental principles provided by the Human Rights - equality, freedom and respect for human dignity – this paper discusses women's right to abortion. It examines how, in recent decades, the demand for the legalization of abortion was established as a right to abortion, especially by the feminist movement in the context of social struggles in Brazil, and how this right was inserted into the speech of Human Rights, from the theoretical formulation and normative construction of sexual and reproductive rights. Contextualizes the denial of women's right to abortion in the context of gender norms and regulations about sexuality. Discusses the possibility of recognition of this right by the Brazilian judiciary, by analyzing processes on abortion in Belém (PA) and judgments of the superior courts relating to claims for judicial authorization for termination of pregnancy in cases of severe fetal anomalies. The examination of the legal practice of abortion in Brazil reveals that the judiciary is a battlefield in which the right to abortion is still in dispute.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adoção internacional: o melhor interesse da criança e seu direito fundamental à convivência familiar em face da subsidiariedade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-29) FURTADO, Maria Marlene Escher; RIBEIRO, Cristina Figueiredo Terezo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9188707404168670
The thesis presented deals with International Adoption from the perspective of the best interest of the child and his/her fundamental right to family life confronting its subsidiarity in Brazilian legislation. The problem raised in this research was: “to what extent does the subsidiarity of international adoption in Brazil affect the realization of the child's right to family life in the perspective of child’s best interest?”. The objective was: “to investigate the obstacles to international adoption and obstacles to effective family life in the perspective of the principle of subsidiarity”. The method used was the deductive one and the techniques were bibliographic research; jurisprudential, via decisions of the Third Panel of the STJ; and the field, where visits and semi-structured interviews were carried out with the Federal Central Administrative Authority, State Judicial Commissions of International Adoption in the states of Pará, Ceará, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, and Mato Grosso do Sul, and also, forms were applied, via e-mail, to the State Judicial Commissions for International Adoption from all over Brazil, to ACAF, in Courts of Childhood and Youth, State Prosecutor's Office, as well as in bodies accredited to act in international adoption. The main results found were: that the current Brazilian legislation puts international adoption as the last resort and, thus, does not guarantee the effectiveness of the child’s right to family life in a situation of adoptability; that from the analysis of the decisions of the STJ, the best interest of the child is family life, with its institutionalization being the last resort; and that from the analysis of the interviews and applied forms, it was found that most professionals do not consider subsidiarity to be an obstacle; however, it was identified that professionals with longer experience in international adoption understand differently, arguing that subsidiarity “runs against time” and delays the child's adoption process. The conclusion reached was that insofar as the subsidiarity principle places international adoption as a last resort, the fundamental right of the child to family coexistence is not taken into account in view of his/her best interest in being raised and developed in the midst of a family that cares and loves the child.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agamben contra o neoliberalismo: contribuições dos conceitos de vida nua e homo sacer para o debate sobre a governamentalidade neoliberal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-29) SIMÕES, Paloma Sá Souza; MARTINS, Ricardo Evandro Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0592012548046002
This dissertation has as it’s objective investigates the contributions about the concepts of bare life and homo sacer, of the political theory of Giorgio Agamben, to the discussion about neoliberalism as governmentality. This is an explanatory research of the bibliographic type, with a qualitative approach and a hypothetical-deductive method. The central theoretical reference is the political theory of Giorgio Agamben, specifically his concepts of bare life and homo sacer. Also as a theoretical reference for the research we have Michel This dissertation has as it’s objective investigates the contributions about the concepts of bare life and homo sacer, of the political theory of Giorgio Agamben, to the discussion about neoliberalism as governmentality. This is an explanatory research of the bibliographic type, with a qualitative approach and a hypothetical-deductive method. The central theoretical reference is the political theory of Giorgio Agamben, specifically his concepts of bare life and homo sacer. Also as a theoretical reference for the research we have Michel Foucault, specially his concepts of biopolitics and neoliberal governmentality, as well as Wendy Brown and her interpretation about neoliberalism from the ideas of sacrifice and sacrificial citizen. The research problem of this dissertation is: what is the contribution of the agambenian concepts of bare life and homo sacer to the discussion of neoliberalism as governmentality? The analyzes resulting from the dialogue between the agambenian theory and the theme of neoliberalism revealed that, although Agamben does not dedicate in his political theory a direct debate about neoliberal governmentality, the concepts of bare life and homo sacer help to understand this contemporary phenomenon through the intermediation of the philosopher's theory with that of Foucault and Brown. Also, it is hypothesized that Brown's analysis of neoliberalism with an emphasis on the characteristic of sacrifice and the identification of the sacrificial citizen exemplifies what Agamben identifies as the exceptional relationship that includes life in juridical-political relations by exclusion. In this sense, it was possible to identify that neoliberalism works from this relationship, so that the sacrificial citizen described by Brown can be considered a contemporary paradigm of bare life, a life that is inserted in the functioning of neoliberalism from it’s exclusion, resulting from of the loss and minimization of rights, being in the condition of abandonment and susceptible to a constant power of death.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O agravo de petição como provimento recursal adequado para impugnar sentenças, decisões interlocutórias e despachos-decisórios na execução trabalhista
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) BENTES, José Edílsimo Eliziário; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794
The central idea came due to professional activity. Observing in the day by day the difficulty of those who, unconformed with an act practiced in the phase of execution of a labour process, don’t find, with the desired security, an adequated judicial providence to submit the appreciation of such act to a college decision. Appeal against judgment is suitable, in a period of 8 (eight) days, from the Judge’s or President’s decisions, in the executions. This is what says the specific legislation. One serious problem in the interpretation of this command is to know what are “decisions” taken in the laboural execution, which can be refuted through appeal against judgment. This problematic is found inside a whole processual context, and that’s why we had to follow an outline starting by basic notions of process as instrument used by the State for the exercise of its jurisdictional function. From general to particular, we got into labour process and its phases, attaching to the execution one, how it begins and finishes. The main issue is the reaction to the execution, the reactionning means, specially the appeal as a consequence of the principle of double level of jurisdiction, being or not a constitutional guarantee. According to legal prevision, such appeal is the appeal against judgment. We talk about it and about the acts which the judge can practice in labour execution, saying the nature of each one of them. We also talk about interlocutory decisions, registering our worry with the difficulty we have in identifying them, mainly in the phase of execution. In the final part of this work, we deal with the question of possibility or not of using appeal against interlocutory decision, illustrating this study with some examples based on real cases and the solutions given to each of them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O agronegócio da soja e o direito fundamental de acesso à propriedade dos povos tradicionais em Santarém - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-10) BARBOSA, Jonismar Alves; MOREIRA, Eliane Cristina Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7471628624621314
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Água: direito fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) AMIN, Aleph Hassan Costa; MATTOS NETO, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
Pollution and disordered use of water resources, gradually, are making water improper for human consumption. Moreover, both population and economic growth multiply the uses of water and make its demand to grow before an inelastic supply. The combination of these factors leads to infer that this resource can not be understood as an infinite good, since the confrontation of their availability with their demands tends to cause a shortage. In this context, it is clear that water, as a natural resource, is necessary for social development, andfor the economy too. For this reason, this study seeks to discuss the social and economic value of water, demonstrating how these values manifest themselves in a scenario of scarcity. Theapproach is made based on the fundamental rights, equating the access to water the list of rights.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alimentação adequada e saudável no campus Belém da Universidade Federal do Pará: estudo de caso das ações e programas institucionais voltados para alunos e servidores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-16) SOUSA, Tanha Charle Santa Rosa de; FISCHER, Luly Rodrigues da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5038078976448551; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1662-8703
The right to food is inherent to the human being, therefore inalienable and independent of any legislation. However, the recognition of this right in norms, agreements, declarations and other instruments is important to ensure its enforceability by the holders and compliance by the State. In 2014, the Ministry of Health updated the new version of the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population, which is one of the national strategies to promote adequate and healthy food that integrates the National Food and Nutrition Policy, aiming to provide individuals and the community with dietary practices appropriate. In this context, the University Restaurant (RU) is an environment conducive to the promotion of adequate diets and the development of healthy eating habits, a precept that should be extended to all places authorized to offer food to the academic community. Thus, the research problem arises: how, at the Federal University of Pará, are actions aimed at encouraging and controlling adequate nutrition offered to students and civil servants, with the aim of developing healthy eating habits? Thus, the general objective of the work is to analyze how UFPA develops actions and programs to encourage and control an adequate and healthy food for students and employees at the Campus of Guamá in Belém, having as a parameter of analysis the national and institutional guidelines for the development of healthy eating habits. Thus, once the case was defined and the field delimited, the research carried out was of a mixed type, based on multiple case study techniques in a quantitative and qualitative approach, in which a bibliographic and documental survey was carried out. Then, a deductive diagnostic analysis of the case was carried out from the bibliographical and documental landmarks based on the interpretation of the data. In this way, the research verified how UFPA promotes programs and actions to promote adequate and healthy eating by the community of students and civil servants, having as an analysis criterion the guidelines of: WHO, the Food Guide for the Brazilian population (2014), the National Food and Nutrition Policy, the National Food and Nutrition Security System, the National Food and Nutrition Security Policy, the National Student Assistance Program and the Integrated Attention Subsystem to Server Health. The product of the master's final work is a case study with the presentation of a Diagnostic Report and a scientific article.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A ambição dos Pariwat: consulta prévia e conflito socioambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07-12) OLIVEIRA, Rodrigo Magalhães de; BELTRÃO, Jane Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6647582671406048
This paper discusses the situational application of the right of free, prior and informed consultation the different ethnic groups in contexts of social and environmental conflicts produced by projects characterized by intense exploitation of territories and natural resources. The dissertation is located in the interdisciplinary field of Legal Anthropology, whose theoretical and methodological contributions help in the understanding of the uses of law, in addition to legal-centered approaches concerned with compliance / non-compliance with state law. Social and environmental conflict, legal sensitivity, legal pluralism and interlegality are the fundamental categories of analysis. Through ethnography of social and environmental conflict surrounding the Hydroelectric Plant São Luiz do Tapajós project, i seek to show that the federal government and the indigenous people Munduruku have differing legal sensibilities about the situational application of prior consultation. The government's legal sensibility and munduruku legal sensisibility adjust to a broader dispute in which different agents compete to regulate ethnic rights globally. The work shows how human rights may be appropriate creatively by ethnically differentiated groups to strengthen their political struggles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise e aprimoramento da legislação tributária do icms do estado do Pará, em relação às operações com energia elétrica e sobre a circulação de bens de consumo supérfluo: uma nova regulamentação com enfoque na seletividade, capacidade econômica e justiça fiscal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-28) MAIA, Daniel Hissa; COELHO, Saulo de Oliveira Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6725961067847325; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-6539
State tax policy is a substantive element in the equation that levels (or unlevels) inequalities. There would be no point in having an ideal system of progressive public spending if, concomitantly, there is a regressive tax system, which would only result in the maintenance of the social status quo. This equation, however, must be faced by the existing tools in Tax Law. In this context, the main objective of this intervention project is to analyze aspects of the application of selectivity, economic capacity and fiscal justice, in terms of the ICMS levied on operations with electrical energy and on superfluous consumer goods in Pará legislation, the consider the impact of these incidences on the income of people from Pará, on state revenue and on development. Methodologically, the research is based on bibliographical review and documentary analysis, with an emphasis on comparative study, seeking to analyze tax legislation, governing jurisprudence (specifically, Theme n. 745/STF and ADIN n. 7.111/PA), evaluate the legal limitations and possibilities for implementing the principles of tax justice. The consumption of electricity in the population of Pará is addressed, through the analysis of POF/IBGE-2018 and ANEEL data, as well as the consumption patterns of superfluous goods; tax collection data is exposed; the impacts of the latest tax policies on ICMS-Electric Energy are analyzed; and a comparative study is carried out between the legislations, taking an exploratory bias with a qualitative and quantitative approach. As a result, the research proposes to intervene in the legislation of the State of Pará, through the elaboration of the regulatory project with two destinations: the first destined to the ICMS taxation on electrical energy; and the second, to superfluous consumer goods, in search of new parameters, based on disconnected incrementalism, that improve Pará taxation towards achieving selectivity, guided by the principles of fiscal equality and the ability to contribute.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O arranjo jurídico-institucional dos fundos patrimoniais: uma análise de legislação comparada entre Brasil e EUA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-07-06) PINHEIRO, Lucas Gabriel Lopes; SCAFF, Luma Cavaleiro de Macêdo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5719163147143385
Endowment funds are instruments built with the aim of strengthening the financial sustainability of civil society organizations and can be interpreted as factors for the concretion of fundamental rights. The institute has paradigmatic experience in the legal-institutional arrangement in the United States, where federal tax incentives are foreseen in the Internal Revenue Code and rules related to management and investment and spending policies in the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act. Distinctly, in the legal-institutional arrangement in Brazil, endowment funds were provided for by Lei n.º 13,800/2019, with centrality in hard rules on the management and governance structure adopted. Given the distinctions between the arrangements, it is investigated how an analysis of comparative legislation between Brazil and the United States on the legal-institutional arrangement of endowment funds can contribute to raising funds to finance fundamental rights. For this purpose, a functional comparative method of procedure is used, with microcomparison investigation and documentary and bibliographical research. At first, the concepts of endowment funds, legal-institutional arrangement and transaction costs are presented, which underlie the emphasis on incentives provided in areas considered fundamental for raising funds for the cost of rights. Under this approach, the legal-institutional arrangements of endowment funds in the legal systems of Brazil and the United States are analyzed. Finally, a critical examination is carried out on the previous comparative exercise, considering the existing distinctions between both arrangements. It is concluded that a research of comparative legislation between Brazil and the United States of America on the legal-institutional arrangement of endowment funds contributes, from the perspective of raising funds with a view to cost of rights, by highlighting similarities and differences between the local arrangement and a paradigmatic experience around the institute, in order to visualize what is current in the regulation of key areas to encourage the creation of endowment funds, the making of donations, and the carrying out of investment by and/or through such funds.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos estruturais da inspeção do trabalho no Brasil e o combate à escravidão contemporânea: uma análise do trabalho escravo na construção civil no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-26) SIMÕES, Diogo Baptista; CHAVES, Valena Jacob; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2222933055414567; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4955-1949
This work investigates the reason for the reduction in the number of cases of work similar to urban slavery, especially in the field of civil construction, in comparison with the structural reality of labor inspection, focusing on the work of labor inspectors. Based on the monographic research method, bibliographical research, documental research, the research seeks to analyze and compare the influence of institutional atomization, especially due to current labor inspection radar data, and consequent social problems and the absence of public policies. In the same sense, a historical/conceptual study will be sought on the importance of the necessary structure of Organs institutional bodies that fight work analogous to slavery, starting from the initial concepts on the subject, to the possible materialization and practical application of human rights. Therefore, through this research and its results, we seek a look at the impact caused by the scrapping of labor inspection bodies, its consequences and the need for a structure worthy of institutional actors with a view to effectiveness in inspections and consequent protection of the worker, victim of contemporary slavery. Finally, there is a lack of public policies for the eradication of slave labor, from the institutional structural point of view.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A atuação do Ministério Público diante do conflito entre o direito à moradia e o direito ao meio ambiente, nas áreas de Preservação Permanente Urbanas em Cáceres-MT
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-17) SALDANHA, Evely Bocardi de Miranda; DIAS, Daniella Maria dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1345611606547188
The present paper analyses the proceedings of the Public Prosecutor's Office towards the conflict between the right to housing and the right to an ecologically balanced environment in the case of the occupation of the Empa neighborhood, in the city of Cáceres in Mato Grosso, an urban area of permanent preservation. Due to the housing deficit and the shortage of urban planning, the low-income population is forced to irregularly occupy peripheral locations of minor importance and of less value in the city, areas of risk or of environmental preservation, where they live and survive without basic conditions of sanitation or infrastructure. Consequently it is necessary that Public Authorities develop policies of urban development to facilitate access to decent and adequate housing, in a balanced and preserved urban environment for present and future generations, ensuring the full development of the social functions of the city, the well-being and healthy quality of life of its inhabitants, since the right to housing and to an ecologically balanced environment are inherent and essential to every human being in order to ensure an adequate standard of living. For such, the Public Prosecutor's Office is a key character in the supervision and implementation of public policies that guarantee the rights to the city to its inhabitants. Therefore, it’s a case study of the occupation process, municipal urbanization, particularly in the Empa neighborhood and the challenges faced in order to achieve the right to the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A atuação do sistema interamericano de proteção dos Direitos Humanos na defesa dos direitos econômicos, sociais e culturais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) TEREZO, Cristina Figueiredo; MAUÉS, Antonio Gomes Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100632338260364
This following doctoral thesis aims to study the performance of the organs of the Inter-American Human Rights System regarding the protection and promotion of the economic, social and cultural rights. For this, the research starts with considerations about what would be such rights, analyzing and refuting theories and concepts that have tried to refuse them as Human Rights norms, which would have motivated the development of vague normative provisions and the absence of monitoring mechanisms as well, as had been planned for the scroll of the Human Rights group, called civil and political rights. In order to demonstrate that economic, social and cultural rights are part of a fully justiciable rights group, the thesis also examines elements that are commonly attributed to them, such as: such as progressive achievement, prohibition of retrogressive measures, maximum available resources and minimum core content, from what is developed by the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, to thereafter present how the organs of the Inter-American System deal with such issues. Of the study of international norms and of the monitoring international system, that were specially built for the economic, social and cultural rights, are verified several levels of legal obligation, of which proposes a classification for the different mechanisms to the access of the regional Human Rights Protection System, which can be directed to the supervision of a jurisdictional organ or quasi-judicial, or by other means that also promote those rights and allow redress in case of violation. The different mechanisms are used by organs of the Inter-American System to protect the economic, social and cultural rights. Due to its importance, the Commission and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights have been studied by this following research, attributing focus on its performance to the rights protection concerned, as well as recent modifications in their functions and procedural rites.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atuação jurisdicional e proteção ambiental no Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) SANTANA, Raimundo Rodrigues; MATTOS NETO, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
This study examines the role of judicial powers in the state of Para in addressing the issues concerning the major impacts socio-environmental considered not just those who cause harm strictly ecological but also social in nature. From the study of emblematic cases, chosen because they represent situations of socioenvironmental bias, we measured the relation between the judicial role and model of economic development based on intensive exploitation of natural resources, but susceptible sequels with ecological and social. The findings suggest that in benchmarking of emblematic cases, the legal arguments tied to notions of socioeconomic development in the orbit of the courts, have been approved with precedence over environmental protection, in spite of being very well defined the landmarks law to regulate activities human cause of major environmental impacts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Auditoria operacional como instrumento de atuação do tribunal de contas do estado do Pará: construção de uma minuta de manual de auditoria operacional institucional baseado na comparação de experiências
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-13) MELLO, Daniel; COELHO, Saulo de Oliveira Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6725961067847325; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-6539
This applied research is based on the premise that the postmodern world requires from public administrations governance and management strategies that ensure the achievement of effective results, aligned with the expectations and needs of the recipients of public services, citizens. Understanding that public policies for the fulfillment of the purposes of public management are subject to external control exercised by the Courts of Auditors and that operational audit (AO) is an instrument of supervision in the fulfillment of this role, needing to be technically parameterized, this study aimed to build a draft of the Operational Audit Manual (MAOP), based on a consistent review of specialized literature and mapping scientific evidence regarding the best practices of AO, to be institutionalized by the Court of Auditors of the State of Pará - TCE/PA. The methodological procedures were the bibliographic documentary research, having as its source the research in documents, scientific and technical papers on the subject and existing operational audit manuals, which were the object of qualitative documentary analysis. In addition, focusing on the reality, challenges and specific context of the TCE/PA, a stage of empirical data collection and information of the existing professional experience was carried out through the focus group technique, by which, from the participation of the Court's servers, a picture of the experience in the field of AO was obtained, to contribute to the construction of the MAOP project of the TCE/PA, in an attempt to incrementally improve the manuals already existing in Brazil on the subject and the respective induction of an incremental improvement of the expertise already installed in the court's tables on the subject. The perspective of valuing the concomitant supervisory function of the Court of Auditors was added, and of the AO as an opportunity for the control of accounts to contribute to the faithful fulfillment of the constitutional principle of efficiency of public spending by managers. The principle of efficiency from the perspective of the result, effectiveness, as a service to the primary interest of the collectivity with regard to the demands for quality public services, consistent with the constitutional parameters of promoting equal conditions, social well-being and human dignity, was interpreted. Thus, a draft manual of AO was built for the Court, with a view to potentiating both the greater institutionalization of operational audits in the TCE/PA, as well as the technical quality of the concomitant audit activity carried out by AO.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Autocomposição e o poder público: a câmara de negociação, conciliação, mediação e arbitragem da procuradoria-geral do estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-13) JESUS, Thiago Vasconcellos; SILVA, Sandoval Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2744878887909140; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1795-2281
The general objective of this research is to investigate the possibility of self-composition negotiation in conflicts involving the Public Power, questioning the excessive and customary litigation in the judiciary, based on a deductive method and comparative procedure, with bibliographic technique and collaborative research with the Coordinators of the self-comform chambers of other States that have already implemented it. The aim was to identify the possible benefits of persuasive rational dialogue, multi-door system and self-compositional negotiation as possible instruments for meeting human needs, prevention and conflict resolution. Next, the right to procedures and access to justice were indicated as kind of fundamental rights that must be guaranteed by the State, including self-comparatous procedures for the resolution of conflicts; questioning the unavailability and public interest with a possible conceptual resignification from the Democratic State of Law that respects the principle of the dignity of the human person and ensures the fundamental rights and guarantees, among others, of access to justice, efficiency and democratic principle; by collating between excessive and customary litigation in the judiciary and self-regulation for implementation by addressing the theory of the implementation, with the specification of its elements by those involved. Search-be contextualized and indicate procedural premises, principles and phases of self-composition, as well as the Harvard Negotiation Program as a possible procedural path of self-compositional negotiation. Self-composition is evaluated within the state of Pará, noddedly the Chamber of Negotiation, Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration of the State Public Administration of Pará created by Complementary Law No. 121/2019 and the criteria of submission to the Chamber, training of the head, collaborative research with the coordinators of the Chambers of the States of Pará, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul, in addition to a numerical comparative study with the State of Rio Grande do Sul, a pioneer to implement the self-composition state Chamber. The overall result of the research indicates the possibility and continuous progression of self composition negotiation within the State of Pará, encouraged with the creation of the Negotiating Chamber, Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration of the State Public Administration linked to the Attorney General's Office of the State of Pará as an instrument of access to justice, being recommended the training and effective use of negotiation techniques to increase the chances of meeting the interests and needs of those involved in the conflict, with the conclusion and implementation of the agreements, especially in cases of greater complexity, even if the conflicts submitted to Negotiating Chamber, Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration of the State Public Administration are mostly demands of mass and/or less complexity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Autorregularização como meio preventivo de litígio e indutor da conformidade tributária no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-15) IKETANI, Eduardo Campos; PAUL , Luciana Neves Gluck; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8983888305767107
The present work proposes a new legal solution for the control relationship held by the public sector (Public Treasury) in relation to the private entity (Taxpayers). State tax administrations have, in recent years, begun to receive a huge amount of data on taxpayers' operations very close to the moment they take place. This makes it possible for the Tax Authorities to carry out preventive work instead of punitive work, as is still the rule. In order to make possible the institutionalization in the State of Pará of the Self-regularization procedure, which consists of notifying taxpayers about discrepancies in their declarations before starting the administrative procedure aimed at imposing penalties, an impact analysis of the use of this approach was carried out with the measurement of the results regarding the correction of declared ICMS divergences and the tax generated, in addition to studying whether taxpayers behave heterogeneously. In addition, a survey was carried out with some other similar studies applied in different countries to use the learning generated in the proposed regulation of the procedure in Pará. The results were satisfactory from the point of view of tax collection, but indicate that improvements are needed to achieve superior results related to the prevention of litigation, given that many taxpayers chose not to comply with the notification for self-regulation. It is concluded that the Self-regularization procedure presents a satisfactory cost-benefit ratio and that it should be regulated and encouraged as an additional tool in the search for tax compliance in the State of Pará, using the best practices identified and with a continuous evaluation of its results to constant improvements.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Brasil de três supremos? Conjuntura política e cultura jurídica na definição do comportamento judicial do Supremo Tribunal Federal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-01-27) FERREIRA, Valeska Dayanne Pinto; MAGALHÃES, Breno Baía; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0126393188779750; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7183-2440
This dissertation proposes to understand how the judicial behavior of the Brazilian Supreme Court is structured within the Brazilian political system. The problem of the research is presented in view of the verification of the incompleteness of the legal studies that are intended to investigate the performance of the STF over time, since they are presented in an isolated and retrospective way, not dialoguing with the elements of the political conjuncture and legal culture . This is an explanatory research, with a qualitative approach and bibliographic procedure, developed in an interdisciplinary way, considering studies in the field of Constitutional Law and Political Science. Based on this methodology, a new analytical category is formulated for the judicial behavior of the Court, called political-constitutional conjuncture. From this, the work finds that the performance of the STF dialogues with the political conjuncture and the legal culture that develop in parallel, so that the construction of its judicial behavior is related to the understanding that the Court itself establishes about the role that it must to play in Brazilian constitutional democracy, given the different political-constitutional conjunctures that arise.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Casos judicializados decorrentes da construção da usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-25) SILVA, Mauricio de Jesus Nunes da; OLIVEIRA, Maria Cristina César de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6570600503324199
The greatness of the hydroelectric project of Belo Monte, carried out under the argument of necessity of reinforcement of the country's energy matrix to ensure national development, generates many and undeniable socioenvironmental impacts in the region where it is located. As a result of these impacts, several lawsuits have been proposed whose purpose is the analysis of due compliance with the legislation that rules the environmental licensing procedure of the project, as well as the changes imposed on environment and on the lives of indigenous peoples and riverine of local cities. In this background, the present study aims to know how has positioned itself the Judiciary Branch when asked to manifest about the socioenvironmental conflicts caused by the operation of UHE Belo Monte, and likewise, whether the judiciary responses are compatible with socioenvironmental jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The study has a research subject a group of seventeen legal actions filed by federal prosecutors in the period from 2001 to the year 2014, that (still) are in progress in the Federal Justice. Comparing the judgments to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights's jurisprudence, it is clear that in several cases, was not adopted the perspective of this International Court concerning the rights to life, previous consultation, free and informed the indigenous peoples, access to justice, and about the precaution and the polluter pays's principies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Castanhal Ubá: violação de direitos humanos na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) BASTOS, Dafne Fernandez de; LOUREIRO, Violeta Refkalefsky; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3092799127943216
O trabalho analisa o caso conhecido como “chacina da fazenda Ubá”, ocorrido em 1985, em São João do Araguaia, município do sudeste do Estado do Pará, na Amazônia brasileira. Vai além da análise estritamente jurídica do caso, esmiuçando o escorço jurídico e sociológico que se estabelece anteriormente ao massacre, durante o litígio jurídico no plano interno e internacional perante o sistema interamericano de direitos humanos, e em momento posterior ao pleito judicial, o da implantação das medidas reparatórias. Demonstra, em todos esses momentos, a atitude do Estado face à violação de direitos amazônicos. Discorre amplamente sobre os dados fáticos do caso, de forma a situar o leitor na situação que servirá de base para as discussões da obra. Analisa ainda as origens do caso, demonstrando a existência de uma oligarquia forte na região de São João do Araguaia, que atuava de certa forma alicerçada na certeza de contar com a conivência do poder estatal, o que levou a um processo de concentração de terras em alguns segmentos sociais e a demanda por terras daqueles que não dispunham de meios para tanto. Quando da análise pormenorizada dos direitos violados, evidencia que houve violação de direitos não apenas no fato de ter havido um massacre, em si, mas também durante o próprio desenrolar judicial do processo de persecução criminal, que foi tumultuado e tão somente por isso já representou uma nova violação de direitos humanos. Dando seguimento ao acompanhamento do caso, mostra o pleito perante o sistema interamericano de direitos humanos e a postura não tão diligente do Estado brasileiro no sentido de cooperar inicialmente, restando inerte por alguns anos, mas manifestando-se de forma proativa em fins de 2010. A fase internacional do caso culminou no reconhecimento da responsabilidade pela negativa da proteção de direitos humanos por parte do Estado brasileiro, com a assinatura de uma solução amistosa. Aborda-se, por fim, o último momento do caso Ubá, o da implementação das medidas acordadas na solução amistosa, demonstrando a evolução da atitude do Estado em relação às violações de direitos humanos decorrentes de conflitos agrários.