Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia - PPGP/IFCH

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2329

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia (PPGP) do Instituto de Filosofia de Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Ansiedades: relatos e sentidos da experiência ansiosa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-30) ARAÚJO, Beatriz Evangelista de; SEIBT, Cezar Luis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7464213317216078; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-0919
Anxiety is a phenomenon inherent to the human experience, being a primary emotion that serves the function of self-preservation. Nowadays, anxiety has become increasingly prominent due to different relational demands that trigger intense emotional suffering, as well as exposure to stressors such as the proliferation of diseases, natural disasters, and/or those caused by human actions, etc. However, there is a predominance of viewing anxiety primarily through the hegemonic biomedical lens, categorizing it at a nosological level and conferring upon it the status of an "unbearable" illness. As a result, there is a perception that anxiety is something negative and must be cured/eliminated as quickly as possible. From this perspective, the subjective experience, the meanings attributed, the way the person recognizes themselves in this process, and even the historical and social context are disregarded, so the person is not understood in their complexity. In light of this, this research aimed to describe how people understand their own anxious experiences and to explore the outcomes resulting from different ways of experiencing and assigning meaning to anxiety. Additionally, it sought to expand the view of the anxious experience from the perspective of Laura Perls. To achieve these goals, we conducted qualitative-phenomenological research, in which Amedeo Giorgi's phenomenological method was applied, and the discussion was grounded in the phenomenological perspective and the Gestalt approach. During the identification of meaning units, nine constituents were identified, including: anxiety related to negative sensations, anxiety related to performance, anxious experiences affecting how one relates to others and the world, ambivalent feelings towards medication, and broadening the understanding of anxiety. We concluded that the research objectives were met, supporting the understanding that the anxious experience can manifest in different ways, considering that anxiety is configured as a relational phenomenon, manifesting as a response to environmental demands. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the complexity of situations that make up the human experience. In this sense, we emphasize the relevance of considering the intersectional dimensions that permeate a person's experience and modify their way of perceiving themselves and relating to the world. Furthermore, it was possible to deepen some concepts of the Gestalt approach from Laura Perls' point of view, also highlighting her importance for the consolidation of Gestalt therapy, despite having written few materials, and also having undergone a process of invisibilization within the approach.
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Compreensão das vivências de psicólogas sobre o trabalho no hospital durante a Covid-19
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-07) LIMA, Natasha Cabral Ferraz de; PIMENTEL, Adelma do Socorro Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4534230240595626
The research focuses on understanding the experiences of Psychologists who worked in a hospital in Belém/Pará, the capital located in the Northern Region of Brazil, during the Covid-19 pandemic which, specifically, had significant repercussions on the lives of those who experienced it. As in all social sectors, psychological action during the pandemic period found it necessary to adjust its practice to the emerging challenges posed by Covid-19. With the aim of carrying out a study on the perceptions of psychology professionals who worked in the hospital area during the Covid-19 pandemic, this dissertation is a qualitative study based on existential phenomenological theory. The data analysis method comes from Amedeo Giorgi's perspective. The study was approved by the UFPA Ethics Committee. The profile of the research participants was limited to five psychologists, over 18 years old, residents of greater Belém/PA, who cared for people infected and hospitalized by Covid-19 between March 2019 and March 2022. Based on the analysis of the structure From experience we identified common meanings in all interviews: 1. Volatility of information, speed of daily changes, intrinsic characteristics of the health emergency; 2. PPE issues affecting service and physical and humanized contact; 3. From the patient to the healthcare team, the pandemic affected everyone's mental health, in different forms and degrees of suffering; 4. During the pandemic, Information and Communication Technologies became essential to care; 5. Clinical Psychology was considered an essential service; 6. Healthcare professionals expressed the need for self-care. Also from the contextualization of the unique aspects of subjectivity between the interviews, we revealed the variant aspects: 1. Capacity for personal creative adjustment based on self-perception and self-knowledge; 2. Pandemic and gender issues; 3. Weakening post-pandemic health. The research is considered relevant due to the unveiling of subjective and intersubjective findings from the experience of Psychologists during the pandemic. We conclude that the study pointed out indicators for new research in mental health and care strategies, as well as the deepening of the modalities of providing psychological care, through ICTs.
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A “despatriarcalização” da diferença sexual em Lacan: Paul B. Preciado e outras vozes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-19) SILVA, Mayara Tibúrcio Cavalcanti da; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1910
Starting fro m the effects caused by Paul B. Preciado's speech in “Can the monster speak?”, this dissertation intends to focus on the voices addressed to Lacanian psychoanalysis, critical of sexual binarism and articulated with the decline of patriachal colonial model. In these discussions, the “epistemology of sexual difference” problematized by Preciado is central, in inescapable conjunction with Judith Butler. In addition to providing space for reviewing some readings of this psychoanalysis, we seek to promote the et hical commitment to listening new possibilities, which unite feminists, queers and psychoanalysts, in the proposal to deconstruct the sexual difference and to affirm other possibilities, without dependence on binaries, hierarchies, father or phallus.
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“Dias de luta, dias de glória”: trabalhadoras/es de saúde em HIV/Aids sob o olhar da psicodinâmica do trabalho, em um hospital de referência, no Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-18) MELO, Michele Torres dos Santos de; OLIVEIRA, Paulo de Tarso Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266787581530443; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1969-380X
The emergence of the HIV/SIDA epidemic in Brazil was marked by great social mobilization in the country's large urban centers, since the first case of the disease in 1982. Health professionals had to concentrate efforts to face it. Affected by the drama of the patients, they received psychological support from Emílio Ribas Hospital, the first hospital with an AIDS Center, becoming a reference in the field of infectious diseases, until today (MENDONÇA; ALVES; CAMPOS, 2010). Thus, this research aimed to analyze the work organization of health workers in the care of HIV / AIDS patients, in a reference hospital in Pará; identify the possible experiences of pleasure and psychological suffering in this work; to investigate the individual defense mechanisms and collective defensive strategies adopted, in confronting the existing reality. The methodology adopted was exploratory and qualitative research, using the theoretical framework of Psychodynamics of Work. The instruments of analysis were semi-structured interviews, with the technique of individual interviews. The research was submitted to and approved by the Research Ethics Committee with human beings, linked to the Graduate Program in Psychology, at the Federal University of Pará, as well as by the Ethics Committee of the João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, in compliance with Resolution 510 / 2016 of the National Health Council - Ministry of Health. For the analysis of the data, we used the technique of Analysis of Nuclei of Sense (ANS), adapted from the technique of categorical content developed by Bardin (1977). The analysis of the information and reports allows us to verify that the work organization is characterized by aspects that involve different work ties, by an intense and exhaustive workday, through the daily demands in the care with HIV/SIDA patients who arrive at the hospital very debilitated. Working conditions are deficient in terms of physical structure, lighting, temperature, cleanliness, condition of equipment and shortage of resources, such as medicines. In order to face reality, workers use the individual defense mechanism for denial and collective defense strategies for rationalization and denial, with ways of thinking, acting and feeling compensatory. Pleasure is given through the sense given to social contribution, in the recovery and gratitude of patients and families, in constant learning and support among the work team. Recognition is evidenced by peers, when they praise, help and value each other's work. The existence of collective discussion groups was not mentioned, where the workers can talk about their feelings, anxieties and anxieties in doing work. This research enables the expansion of current knowledge and reflections on public health, with regard to the mental health of workers in HIV/SIDA care, as well as allowing actions to promote improvements in service networks aimed at PVHA, in the country and, more specifically, in the state of Pará.
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Eu não sou agente, eu sou polícia: representação social do policial penal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01-19) BARROS, Andressa Regina Sandres Guimarães de; MOREIRA, Hélio Luiz Fonseca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3977870273059388
This dissertation aims to analyze the social representations of criminal police officers who work in one of the prison units of the Santa Izabel do Pará Penitentiary Complex, located in the Metropolitan Region of Belém. Based on the Theory of Social Representations - SRT -, it is based on questions about the representations of the identity and work of criminal police officers after Constitutional Amendment No. 104, of 12/04/2019 (EC Nº 104/2019). In the research, a qualitative approach was carried out, with a literature review and the application of semi-structured interviews in loco. After EC Nº 104/2019, the legal changes have repercussions on several factors, such as the identity of the criminal police officer, generating paradoxical sensations, such as empowerment due to the use of firearms and, at the same time, the feeling of insecurity outside the prison context. In addition, they reflect on the relationship with work by maintaining perceptions related to prison officers, such as exhausting and tiring work. Thus, it is concluded that the meanings constructed on identity are different, although the meaning of the work is the same.
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“Eu rezo e tomo meus banhos de ervas” narrativas ribeirinhas de padecimento e cuidado em saúde mental na Ilha do Combu – Belém/ Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-28) SANTOS, Cinthia de Castro; BELLOC, Márcio Mariath; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1570092596184654; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-7557
This doctoral thesis in psychology is based on the interest in understanding the interaction processes involved in the experiences of illness and care in mental health, in riverside communities on Combu Island, located in the city of Belém do Pará, which build the repertoire of narratives of the explanatory models of illness and care. When the illness is seen only from the biological side, when there is no recognition of the meanings in a broad way for the users and their family members, there is an interference in the recognition of problems that can be disturbing, but potentially treatable in the user's way of life. Illness is polysemic, experiences are varied and therefore it is worth examining each of the senses, both from a clinical and anthropological perspective. Thus, the interpretation of what illness is can also contribute to more effective care work within a territorial logic. In accordance with the assumptions of medical anthropology, it was decided to use the term “illness”, as we refer to the popular understanding and experience of illness and/or suffering, as indicated by the definition of illness. Another concept that we will also use throughout the work is that of explanatory models, understood by the ways in which a health/illness/care process is scientifically and popularly understood, including forms of prevention, treatment, control, relief or cure of a certain condition. The work gives visibility to the ways of understanding, explaining and caring for issues related to mental health in this community, and through the narratives of the community itself and participant observation, it seeks to understand how these understandings were constructed. Knowing what is in place and entering the field of what is not in place. Thus, the study begins with a question: how do the processes that result from the experience of illness and mental health care occur in these riverside communities? Recognizing and allowing mediation between technical, popular and traditional knowledge helps us understand the therapeutic itineraries followed by a certain population. Ethnography called us to immerse ourselves in the field of research, to experience the field and be with the research subjects, establishing a relationship with the subjects so that we could enable them to play a leading role in the process. As a result of this study, we identified that suffering models and self-care practices in mental health in the riverside community were constructed from personal and group experiences that were passed down from generation to generation of families of quilombola and indigenous origins, in addition to biomedical practices. The effects of enchantments are also present and the narratives are permeated by the knowledge of the psychiatric institution, with a double possibility of explaining the illness located between madness and mysticism, in addition to a lofty influence of neo-Pentecostal religions in the narratives of illness and self-care. Would it be a narrative that is repeated and retold about the colonization of the life history of the traditional communities of this territory? With this, we propose a reflection on the intervention in riverside explanatory models carried out both by the hegemonic biomedical model and by neo-Pentecostal Christian religious practices.
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“Gordura não é coisa de macho”: reverberações da gordofobia nas masculinidades de homens gordos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-03) MODESTO, Lucas de Almeida; LIMA, Maria Lúcia Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2883065146680171; ALVARENGA, Eric Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5734378044087055; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1803-2356
Fatphobia is a form of intersectional, structural, cultural and institutionalized violence that affects fat people, discriminating against and harassing their bodies. It is present in different scenarios and is anchored in historically determined pathologizing knowledge, using health and beauty discourses in the media, in the cosmetics industry, pharmaceuticals and procedures that can “cure” a body that has been “sickened” by stigma social caused by this supposed knowledge. It is noted that the majority of productions that question fatphobia were produced by and about fat women, thus there is a need to include the male audience in this debate, since they are also affected by fatphobia in different ways. One of these ways is in the aspect of masculinity, considering the plural ways in which men are subjectivized in Brazil, I investigated how these processes can be fatphobic, considering that hegemonic masculinity has an athletic and muscular body pattern, with fat being an attribute of femininity. In this way, fat men start to have their masculinity put to the test because they possess in excess what the “successful man” seeks to eliminate.” I use an epistemology of authors who study masculinities in a plural way and from a feminist perspective and make use of transdisciplinary studies of fat corporalities. In this sense, this work aims to analyze how fatphobia affects the masculinities of fat men in the metropolitan region of Belém. It is a field research, with a qualitative approach that, through semi-structured interviews, aims to produce information that can be analyzed based on content analysis, in order to answer the proposed objectives. Nine men aged between 20 and 37 participated in the research. From the content analysis, three categories emerged, such as: “It is easier to talk about being fat than about being a man” where I discuss the processes of subjectivation of fat men based on the body, sports and compulsory cisheterosexuality; “It's basically the same outfit, it may not be what you like, but you have to wear it”, in which I talk about the love neglect and fetishization that fat men experience due to fatphobia and “It's my body, it's what I I have!" in which I talk about the forms of suffering and coping experienced by fat men. Finally, this research aims to raise the need for fat men to join the discussions and the anti-fatphobia movement, in addition, it also elucidates the need for future research with cisheterosexual fat men, since only one of the participants identifies in this way, thus, some questions could not be reached regarding this specificity, but highlighted possible idiosyncrasies.
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História da disciplina Psicologia da Educação no Piauí na formação inicial de professores: das Escolas Normais às licenciaturas em Pedagogia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-29) SILVA, Ellery Henrique Barros da; NEGREIROS, Fauston; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6286677749065869
The thesis aims to investigate the discipline of Educational Psychology in initial teacher training, from the first Normal Schools in the 1930s to the Pedagogy degree courses in public institutions in the State of Piauí in the second decade of the 20th century. XXI. Thus, the following specific objectives emerged: to analyze the interface of Psychology and Education as a subject in teacher training in the first Normal Schools of Piauí in the 1930s; describe the historical path, training and trajectory of pioneering teachers when teaching the subject Educational Psychology in Pedagogy Degree courses in the second decade of the 20th century. XXI; to find out from the curriculum in undergraduate courses in Pedagogy in public institutions in the State of Piauí how the subjects dealing with Educational Psychology are worked on. The theoretical foundation covered the following axes: History of Educational Psychology; History of Brazilian Education; Teacher training. The method is a qualitative approach, exploratory-descriptive, inspired by the perspective of historiography and oral history. Thus, it was composed of documentary sources: curricula, pedagogical plans and school activities from the first Normal Schools in Piauí; Pedagogical Projects for Courses/PPCs of the Degree in Pedagogy courses at public universities in the State of Piauí; and oral sources: oral testimonies from pioneering teachers of the Educational Psychology discipline. The instruments used were: cards to identify historiographic documents; sociodemographic questionnaire; and semi-structured interview script. The results of the thesis are presented and analyzed in three studies and revealed that: i) during the operation of Normal Schools in the State of Piauí, from the 1930s to 1990, the discipline Educational Psychology presented a conception of schooling and educational practice based on in cognitivism, inspired by a biological model, with naturalizing, reductionist psychological applications and with medicalizing and pathologizing practices regarding learning and human development, focused especially on issues of intelligence and conduct, with a strong tendency to hold students, their families and teachers for school failure; ii) in the investigation with university professors who were pioneers in the teaching of Educational Psychology in the state of Piauí, their statements revealed a predominance since the 1970s and 1980s of a psychological science to train teachers based on the diagnostic character and explanations around the non subject's learning, attributing students' performance to herodological issues. The focus of the training was marked by the search for explanations about the so-called “learning difficulties” based on individual differences. This understanding about the role of the discipline lasted in subsequent decades, until more comprehensive discussions about new studies in Educational Psychology, which began to emerge in the first decade of the 2000s, with the creation and participation of teachers in study and research centers. facing the area. Nevertheless, the focus of teacher training and educational practice continued to be predominantly on the psychoeducational dimension of the practice, while the psychosocial dimension remained incipient; iii) In the syllabi of the Educational Psychology discipline in Pedagogy degree courses, the presence of studies in the field of theories of learning and human development, subjectivity, disorders, disorders and learning difficulties and pedagogical practices was verified; having a cognitivist, positivist, constructivist and pragmatic perspective in the dominant sense in the syllabi. Furthermore, among the main references, a greater predominance of foreign authors stood out, as well as studies by Brazilian authors, however, in both cases they reproduce American and European theories, that is, there is literature that does not discuss from of the Brazilian, Northeastern and, above all, Piauí reality. In summary, considering the historiographical analysis of the Educational Psychology discipline in Piauí, it was revealed that there were subtle changes and solid conservations. This highlights the importance of designing a curriculum for this discipline that is in tune with the history and culture of each social context. Furthermore, promote training that stimulates reflection and criticality through psychoeducational practices directly integrated into the psychosocial aspects of the student, the community and the school floor, aiming at human development and citizenship formation, encouraging their emancipation and contributing to social transformation . The need to expand authorial studies and research is also evident, especially in the educational reality of Piauí.
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Historiografia da psicologia escolar e educacional no Piauí: do pioneirismo na década de 1990 aos primeiros serviços da segunda década do século XXI
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-31) CARVALHO, Leilanir de Sousa; NEGREIROS, Fauston; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6286677749065869
It is essential to delve into the memories of school and educational psychology in the state of Piauí, to analyze, reveal, and collectively reconstruct a history permeated by gaps, with long periods, and significant scarcity of written records and productions about this field, as previous studies on this historical-cultural context indicate (Negreiros, Silva, Rocha, Silva, Fonseca, Carvalho & Oliveira, 2021; Candeira, Carvalho & Negreiros, 2020). Therefore, this doctoral thesis investigated the historiography of school and educational psychology in Piauí, from the work of psychology pioneers in the state, through the first undergraduate courses that provide training for school psychologists, to the first psychology services in the education sector, and up to the present day, exploring how school and educational psychology have evolved in the state. From this, the specific objectives emerged: to identify the pioneer professionals of school psychology established in the state, tracing the history of the psychologist's insertion into educational contexts, the repercussions of this role from its inception to its impact on current practices in the Piauí context; to analyze the development of courses focusing on school and educational psychology in the pioneering undergraduate psychology programs in Piauí, as well as their contribution to the training of psychologists; to identify the first school psychology services established in Piauí, the experiences, and strategies adopted by professionals; to examine the transformations in the psychologist's role in the educational field, the main demands, and needs of the area in the state. The research was a historiographical study, qualitative, exploratory-descriptive in nature, utilizing intramethod triangulation with the use of methodological techniques to access oral and documentary historical sources: individual in-depth interviews through thematic oral history - pioneering psychology professionals in educational contexts in the state; documentary research - Pedagogical Political Projects/PPCs; focus group - composed of professionals from public and private school psychology services. Data collection instruments included: sociodemographic and professional data questionnaire, forms for identifying historiographical documents, and semi-structured interview guides. For the analysis and discussion of research products, three chapters were organized in the format of scientific articles, revealing the following results: i) In the 1980s, the entry of psychology professionals into Piauí occurred mainly through integration into educational services of the Education Departments and in the provision of private school services, predominantly following individualized clinical models. In the 1990s, there was a significant change with the introduction of a more progressive and critical psychology in the school community, driven by the expansion of the School and Educational Psychologist (PEE) profession in the state, as a result of the creation of the first psychology courses and the provision of intern services, after 1998. The second decade of the 2000s was characterized by the implementation of public policies emphasizing the decentralization of psychology services in the state capital, guided by technical references from the Federal Psychology Council and local scientific productions recognized by competitions and selections of the State Department of Education; ii) The pedagogical political projects of the pioneering and current psychology courses, revealing the contribution of school and educational psychology to professional practice, emphasizing the importance of theoretical dialogue between psychology and pedagogical practice. However, there is still a lack of critical and updated approach in theoretical disciplines in psychology courses in Piauí, especially regarding the understanding of the school's role, critical and psychosocial analysis of emerging demands in the educational context, and involvement with the school community; iii) The inaugural services of school psychology in Piauí, which began later compared to other Brazilian states, had its initial practices in the private sphere and later establishment in the public sector through the implementation of federal and state educational policies. The main educational demands were related to learning processes, mental health, and social vulnerability complaints. It also reveals the importance of psycho-management and the transformation of professional practices, although there is a predominance of seeking individual sessions, influenced by the critical movement in school psychology and the perspective of historical-cultural psychology in the theoretical background of professionals. Finally, the thesis argues that the history of School and Educational Psychology in Piauí had movements and transformations initially embraced by private educational institutions and subsequently consolidated and expanded in the public network, through greater involvement in struggles for rights, access, and permanence in Basic and Higher Education, through educational public policies and public competitions. Thus, a significant product of the impact of the insertions of higher education psychology courses in the state, and the repercussions of field activities in basic and professionalizing internships in the area of School and Educational Psychology, considering all local potentials and vulnerabilities, in the face of the exclusionary, competitive, and socially unequal scenario that the Brazilian educational system has become over the years.
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Homofobia e assistência à saúde para pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-18) MORAES FILHO, Leomar Santos; LIMA, Maria Lúcia Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2883065146680171
Homophobia is the term used to designate the feeling or attitude directed towards homosexuals that inferiorizes, antagonizes, discriminates or violates them due to their sexuality. The literature indicates that homophobia is socially produced, especially by cisheternormative and sexist ideologies, and can be perpetrated by individuals, communities or institutions. In contemporary times, homophobia has been experiencing a resurgence, especially when combined with living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Aids). Therefore, this research aims to understand how homophobia impacts the health care of gay and bisexual men living with HIV/AIDS. Based on qualitative research, six gay and bisexual men aged 18 and over were interviewed, with positive HIV serology in an advanced stage of infection and hospitalized in an infectious disease reference unit. The interlocutors were contacted through dialogue with the institution's care team, reading of the medical records and an initial approach by the researcher to present the research. The interviews followed a semi-structured model and were carried out in person at the field hospital. To analyze the information produced, this study used Bardin's content analysis (2016). The results indicate that homophobia is part of everyday life and contemporary social dynamics and when combined with a positive HIV status, it becomes even more complex, producing specific situations of suffering. In the context of health care, among the most significant effects of homophobia, the presupposition of heterosexuality of all users stands out, inability to clinically manage sexuality that differs from heterosexuality and the non-recognition of this marker as clinically relevant health data. Furthermore, the experience of the interlocutors showed that the suffering they experienced has interfaces both with their life stories and experiences prior to the diagnosis and the context of inequities, social injustice, oppression and negligence by the State to which they are exposed.
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A (in)visibilidade das mulheres na política de drogas: uma perspectiva de análise da política de atenção a usuários de drogas no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-24) SANTOS, Ana Beatriz de Sousa Silva dos; PIANI, Pedro Paulo Freire; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6434100473666705
This research aimed to analyze, in a synchronic and diachronic way, the national drug policy and its perspective on gender issues from 2010 to 2020. The study will be developed based on documentary research carried out in four documents on the topic which present a centrality and prominence in national drug policies in Brazil. Noting that the situation and conditions of women in public policies regarding drugs are treated and experienced differently in relation to other social segments, since their bodies are crossed by sexism and unique factors that are part of gender issues, which is why this research will seek a transversal view to understand “how” these policies encompass these specificities. Public domain documents were analyzed to identify and analyze the research problem from a constructionist perspective of social psychology, which considers both historical and relational aspects as well as the construction of the dynamics surrounding the problem. What the documents present is a lack of approach to the gender issue or even just generic references to the woman/female segment as citations about it from a population perspective and not as a matter of analysis, care or policy.
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Itinerário, cuidado e vivência de profissionais de saúde na atenção à pessoa em risco e crise suicida
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-06) PAIVA, Samara Machado; SILVA, Maria de Nazareth Rodrigues Malcher de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8378348738142000; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-7378
Suicide is a social fact, considered a public health problem, of high complexity and multicausal, which commonly generates significant impacts on society, groups and individuals, whether in biological, psychological, economic, social and/or personal factors. Through this study, we sought to know the itinerary taken by the user at risk or in suicidal crisis in the RAPS of Belém, as well as to know the perception of health professionals who work in points of care of the suicide crisis care network. To this end, descriptive exploratory qualitative research was used, with a phenomenological strategy, in two stages: (1) theoretical study, in the scientific literature and in governmental and non-governmental documents; and (2) an empirical study with professionals who work with people at risk and in suicidal crisis. The data from the theoretical study were organized into thematic spreadsheets and analyzed for content; while the empirical study was analyzed according to the method of discourse analysis proposed by Amedeo Giorgi. The itinerary of care for users at risk and suicidal crisis in the RAPS of Belém-Pa is designed in a disjointed way between the devices, the points of care present absence/lack of communication with each other, due to technological barriers, but also relational barriers. On the other hand, the professionals present pragmatic experiences in relation to each operational role they play in the device in which they work, and showed their subjectivity about their work process experienced in the care of a crisis. Finally, this study evidenced the need to expand the Psychosocial Care Network in the care of people at risk of suicide that goes beyond the hospital focus, hospitalization, to care with devices that focus on the real dimensions and demands of the person, in the territory and in society, through an expanded clinic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Missão principal: mulheres desenvolvedoras de jogos eletrônicos e o combate à violência de gênero
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) MELO, Renata Christine da Silva; ALVARENGA, Eric Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5734378044087055; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1803-2356
This work aimed to explore Brazilian women game developers, the hostile experiences at work and the coping strategies used by them to deal with gender violence in this environment. The methodology is based on the qualitative research approach, exploratory type, with survey through individual online interview with 10 participants and the analysis was based on the proposals of the discursive practices and production of meanings of Spink (2010). The results showed that women gamedevs of this study follow a profile according to the industry panorama, they are mostly white, inhabit mainly the southeastern region of Brazil and most of them are from the production or arts sectors. All of them experienced gender violence in some way - discrimination, harassment, micro aggressions - during their career, coming from bosses or co-workers. To face and adjust to this adverse scenario, they use survival strategies linked to the effort to normalize violence or protection (mute, refuse and avoid, adapt the work, support network...) and other strategies are more related to resistance and change (speak and impose, wear turban to be seen, therapy, support network among women, conscious management...). They also emphasized the need for individual (people, men) and collective (educational institutions, companies, media/social networks) modifying actions that should be taken by the industry with a focus on incentive, reception and permanence of girls and women in technologies and development, as well as in increasing their participation in decision-making (CEO) positions and in the education of men and dev community towards awareness of privileges and prejudices. Finally, it is expected that this work will contribute to expand our knowledge about gender, work, game development and coping strategies, but mainly to encourage future research, projects and actions that focus on solutions so that this scenario becomes more inclusive and suitable for underrepresented groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modos de subjetivação de adolescentes ‘incorrigíveis’ pelo UNICEF no Brasil em projetos de aceleração da aprendizagem na distorção idade-série
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-27) MESQUITA, Marcelo Ribeiro de; LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8132595498104759; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4951-4435
The object of this research is the age-grade distortion for the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) as an issue that becomes an abnormality in the society of performance and information. Thus, as a study problem, the theme treated as the object of this study has in view the uniqueness of the cases that include students “to be corrected” perceived not as subjects, but as data and investments historically manufactured as products of knowledge/power relations constituted from the hegemony of school education in modernity and the sciences that serve as a theoretical substrate. Question: How does UNICEF monitor what it calls age-grade distortion? How does UNICEF create the notion of abnormality from the schooling process articulated to the notion of development of children and adolescents through the chronological idea linked to performance? The thesis states that UNICEF, in Brazil, acts in the policies of acceleration of learning in Brazil in the correction of the school flow and produces effects in the subjectivity of the students seen as bodies "to be corrected" in an ageist way in Pará. The methodology is the genealogy from Michel Foucault and the documentary research of Cultural History. The general objective is to problematize and investigate the modes of subjectivation in UNICEF publications and their reverberations in the implementation of learning acceleration projects. The specific objectives: to scrutinize the daily life of the “incorrigibles” in the acceleration project implemented in the state of Pará, as well as the education professionals involved and question how the knowledge and practices that made possible the invention of the student with age-grade distortion in educational public policies for UNICEF. Among the results, it is possible to state that UNICEF, despite being concerned with the right of children and adolescents to education, ends up carrying out a process of ageist classification in relation to the schooling process.
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Percepções, vivências e repercussões psicossociais a partir de um diagnóstico oncológico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-31) SILVEIRA, Taynara Fidelis dos Reis; SILVA, Maria de Nazareth Rodrigues Malcher de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8378348738142000; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-7378
Cancer is one of the most feared and growing diseases in Brazil, with estimates from representative institutes indicating 704 thousand new cases of the disease in the country, for each year of the 2023-2025 period. As such, receiving an oncology diagnosis brings new possibilities for self-projection and existence in the world. The general objective of this study was to understand the perceptions and experiences of individuals who have been diagnosed with cancer and their psychosocial repercussions from this diagnosis. The methodological approach was qualitative descriptive with a phenomenological strategy, carried out in two stages: (1) theoretical study of literature and documents; and (2) empirical study on the research theme. The setting chosen for the research was the Casa de Apoio Amar é Servir, which shelters patients and their companions undergoing oncology treatment at the High Complexity Oncology Unit in the municipality of Tucuruí-PA. The research participants were three men and three women, all older adults, with low education, who received an oncology diagnosis in the period of four to ten months. The instrument used for data collection was the semi-structured interview, and the data was treated using Amedeo Giorgi's phenomenological method and analysis based on Martin Heidegger. The results pointed to units of discourse on the resignification of the experience of the cancer diagnosis through spirituality and transcendence; feeling of ambivalence, even with feelings of anguish regarding worldly experiences; and presented changes in three aspects in the new reality: health care and bodily well-being, occupation, financial life, and support network. This corroborates Heidegger’s assertion that we are thrown into the world, thus, we are thrown into the midst of facticity, and it is up to our Being-there to project ourselves and find new temporal possibilities, to transcend and exist. Finally, it was observed that in the face of an oncology diagnosis, perception and experience are crossed by socioeconomic contexts and the meanings of interpersonal relationships, showing them as secondary and non-impactful. This study is original, relevant, and fundamental in the social and scientific scope, as it evidenced the narrative of the experience of a diagnosis of a disease considered fatal and the unveiling of its world and can therefore aid in strategies for professionals' care that focuses on the dimensions of the individual and not just the diagnoses themselves, in an integrated and humanized way.
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Perdas significativas, luto e atividade sexual após a lesão medular: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-08) MOREIRA, Paula Silva; CORRÊA, Victor Augusto Cavaleiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1910742195880054
Objective: To describe what the studies have said about significant losses, bereavement and sexual activity after spinal cord injury. Method: This is a scoping review conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute, described according to the indications of the latest version of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF), with access available at: https://osf.io/x6d4n. The research question was based on the acronym PCC: Population (spinal cord injury), Concept (significant losses, bereavement and sexual activity) and Context (studies published in the literature). Five scientific databases were used: APA-PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and BVS Portal. We included studies in any language that addressed significant losses, bereavement and the sexual activity of people after spinal cord injury, without limiting the year of publication. Data was collected blindly by two independent reviewers using Google spreadsheets® and Rayyan® software, meeting the eligibility criteria. A descriptive qualitative analysis of the data was carried out and the results were presented in figures, tables, flowcharts and discursive writing. Results: 6 studies were included, which presented accounts of experiences after spinal cord injury. The data show that one of the main losses that leads to grief associated with sexual activity is bodily changes and loss/alterations in genital sensations significantly affect the sexual experience of people with spinal cord injury, and this factor was associated with feelings of loss of sexually attractive appearance, especially for women and impacted self-esteem and identity, both female and male and the process of grief elaboration was not strongly investigated and described in the studies included. Discussion: It has been shown that sexual activity is a major concern for people who have suffered a spinal cord injury and the impact of this loss can be reflected in the experience of mourning as a possibility of elaboration, whether or not it is perceived by the mourners. However, further research is needed to identify and classify the losses and grief associated or not with sexual activity, making it possible to cope better. Final considerations: There are few studies that address the losses associated with the sexual activity of people with spinal cord injuries and identify the development of grief in the face of such loss, although studies have been identified that point to this relationship.
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Porque escrever parece com não morrer: uma leitura psicanalítica do romance Um Sopro de Vida de Clarice Lispector
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-12) OLIVEIRA, Gabrielle de Kassia Carrera de; SANTOS, Camila Backes dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7312660915177665; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-7276-8252; CORREA, Hevellyn Ciely da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7758199768776827
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A relação cuidador-bebê e os vínculos precários de uma sociedade líquida
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-28) SILVA, Luan Sampaio; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7602-834X
In contemporary times, we live in a time in which human relationships are increasingly fragile and inconsistent. Human beings, devoid of empathy, do not acquire the ability to genuinely care about the social and loving relationships they establish. This phenomenon is referred to by Bauman as “liquid modernity”. Despite describing the social phenomenon, it does not offer an answer, from a psychic point of view, about the reasons why people do not involve themselves emotionally in their relationships. The objective of this work is to analyze, in an interpretative way, the relationship between the caregiver and the baby and the fragility of human bonds from the perspective of the theory of personal maturation, developed by Winnicott. The psychoanalyst discusses the caregiver-baby relationship and the implications of this dyadic relationship in the formation of everyone’s personality by proposing his own knowledge called “Maturation Theory”, in which the baby’s developmental path in relation to his or her care environment is described. The propositions surrounding this theory will serve as the basis for the investigations and discussions in this thesis, in conjunction with studies by other psychoanalytic authors. Regarding the research methodology, it is composed of two stages: the first comprises the bibliographical review of some of the main classic works written by Bauman, Winnicott, among other psychoanalytic theorists, which addressed the construction and weaknesses of social bonds in the caregiverbaby interaction. In the second stage, the psychoanalytic-interpretive method will be adopted through the analysis of the film (directed by Lynne Ramsay) and fragments of the book (by Lionel Shriver) of the same name: “We need to talk about Kevin” (2011), with emphasis on the character Kevin and his environment/care network. The thesis is that liquid modernity and the fragility of social ties are a macrosocial phenomenon, composed of several microsocial phenomena that point to “environmental failures” in different spheres, but which, in a micro way, have their origins in the quality of the relationship between the caregiver-environment and the baby, in a specific primitive period of emotional development – the concern stage –, which compromises the achievement of the ability to care about others. We call this “net caregiver-baby relationship”.
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Restou (in)frutífero: reflexões psicanalíticas sobre o não-todo dizer de crianças no Depoimento Especial do Judiciário Amapaense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-30) GUEDES, Elizabeth do Socorro Moraes; NICOLAU, Roseane Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0430583046421802; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6988-943X
From the dialogue between Psychoanalysis and Law, prompted by psychoanalytic praxis within the Judiciary System of Amapá, this research emerged in the context of the Santana County Court. It was here that the first clinical-political inquiries regarding the Special Testimony arose-a type of institutional interview conducted in a room equipped with an extensive audio and video system, where the Judge can observe and ask questions through a trained professional capable of interpreting and adapting them to the language of children and adolescents involved in judicial proceedings, either as witnesses or victims of abuse and/or sexual crimes. The procedure aims to crown a set of legislative, legal, and political practices focused on maximizing the reliability of testimonies presented in court and protecting victims and witnesses of crimes in Brazil. Due to some children’s behavior or testimonies not meeting the institution's expectations of attaining factual truth, such cases were redirected to psychological listening under the label “proved fruitless”, which, having become a significant term, assumed the central theme of this dissertation. The initial hypothesis was that, when confronted with unconscious manifestations, the social actors within the legal scene conclude that reaching the truth is impossible, and thus the child's testimony cannot be validated as evidence, leaving the case marginalized, in a residual space within the institution. From this standpoint, the aim of this research was to analyze the impossibility of fully verbalizing the experience by children in the Special Testimony, based on the concept of the subject, articulated with the psychoanalytic concept of objet a. The “Remainder,” as formulated by Lacan, when linked to the theme of this dissertation, led to various paths, revealing what is strange, obscure, repulsive, and unsettling in human experience, which emerges daily in courtrooms across the country. Regarding methodology, the psychoanalytic method, specific to research in Psychoanalysis, was adopted, supported by the works of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan, as well as contributions from contemporary authors in the fields of Law and Psychoanalysis. “Case fragments” will be presented, based on the psychoanalytic listening of children, to explore singularity and, in doing so, facilitate the articulation between psychoanalytic theory and practice. As a result, it was concluded that psychoanalytic listening has its place within the Judiciary, as what may remain "fruitless" during the Special Testimony or any other listening context in the Judiciary can, in fact, become fruitful for psychoanalytic praxis.
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Saúde e democracia: complexidades e compreensões sobre o contemporâneo a partir da participação social e das conferências de saúde no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-05) BAPTISTA, Gabriel Calazans; FERLA, Alcindo Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6938715472729668; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9408-1504