Dissertações em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (Mestrado) - PPGNBC/ICB

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2375

O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (PPGNBC) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Análise da ação cicatrizante dos extratos da folha, pecíolo e caule da Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-17) BASTOS, Aline Costa; YAMADA, Elizabeth Sumi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7240314827308306; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806
Chronic injuries affect a large portion of society, treatment for these patients has high financial costs and a result that is not satisfactory. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate whether ethanolic extracts from the stem, petiole and leaf of Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott have healing activity in vitro. For that, the identification of substance classes of the extracts was carried out by HPTLC, the analyzes of: cytotoxicity, in vitro healing, hematoxylin and eosin morphology and immunomarking for BrdU was also performed. This demonstrated the antioxidant activity and the presence of terpenes in the three extracts, and the presence of flavonoids and phenols in the leaf extract. A serial curve was performed with concentrations of 100 to 0.19 μg / ml of the extracts of the stem, petiole and leaf, in times of 24, 48 and 72h, and it did'n present cytotoxicity. From the cytotoxicity test, the concentrations of 0.78, 0.39; 0.19 μg/ml of the three extracts were chosen for the next tests. Thus, the control group in 6, 12 and 24 hours showed a lesion area of 82.08 ± 12.13, 56.14 ± 15.75, 34.34 ± 10.12%, respectively; while the extract of the stem showed lesion area, in the time of 6h, of 66.108 ± 23.85, 66.10 ± 13.13, 64.81 ± 20.42%, respectively; in 12h, 38.86 ± 20.66, 40.45 ± 14.64, 32.29 ± 16.62, respectively; in 24h, 13.48 ± 11.20, 10.67 ± 7.94, 10.15 ± 7.35%, respectively. The petiole extract showed a lesion area, in 6h, 74.02 ± 15.16%, 80.32 ± 22.50%, 75.56 ± 20.09%, respectively; at 12h, 38.86 ± 20.66, 46.79 ± 12.46, 40.98 ± 5.45%, respectively; in 24h, 13.48 ± 11.21, 27.33 ± 13.86, 12.40 ± 7.72%, respectively. The leaf extract, on the other hand, showed a lesion area, in the time of 6h, 73.08 ± 21.35, 72.91 ± 18.19, 67.84 ± 17.89%, respectively; in 12h, 48.76 ± 21.17, 48.02 ± 17.30, 44.54 ± 18.70%, respectively, in 24h, 24.59 ± 14.58, 26.07 ± 16 , 73, 23.75 ± 15.76%, respectively. There was no significant morphological change in hematoxylin and eosin staining. In the quantification of positive BrdU cells, the control group showed an average of 19.778 ± 3.80, while the groups treated with the extracts at concentrations of 0.78, 0.39, 0.19 μg/ml, for the extract of stem, demonstrated mean of 20.222 ± 1.855, 37.889 ± 7.407, 29.778 ± 4.521 positive BrdU cells, respectively, for petiole extract, mean of 20.222 ± 2.587, 20.444 ± 5.077, 24.889 ± 3.551 positive BrdU cells, respectively; for leaf extract, mean of 20,556 ± 3,504, 23,778 ± 5,974, 22,889 ± 3,1798 positive BrdU cells, respectively. Therefore, Montrichardia linifera stem and petiole extract, in small concentrations, demonstrated wound healing activity in vitro.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da proteção de citocinas após exposição celular in vitro com os antígenos ML2478 e ML0840 do Mycobacterium leprae
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09) MESSIAS, Ana Caroline Cunha; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-7764
Diagnosis of oligosymptomatic leprosy cases may enable interventions to be performed before the onset of physical disabilities. However, because the diagnosis is still essentially clinical and the disease progresses slowly, there is difficulty in recognizing these cases, since the lesions are discreets and with subtle changes in sensitivity. Most of the time patients are diagnosed when they already have obvious clinical characteristics and/or physical disabilities. Thus, is necessary to develop laboratory tools that help in the early diagnosis of the disease. The cell immunity assay Whole Blood Assay (WBA) is a low-cost, easy-to-perform technique that provides conditions for antigen screening and is favored in areas where leprosy is endemic and may facilitate incorporation of a test into sites with less access to sophisticated laboratories. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cellular immune response after in vitro exposure of peripheral blood to Mycobacterium leprae antigens ML2478 and ML0840. Eighty-seven individuals were selected for quantitation the cytokines of Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17 and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 after exposure with specific M. leprae antigens by WBA for 24 hours. A total of 47 leprosy cases were evaluated distributed in: 6 tuberculoid and 14 borderline tuberculoid, 13 borderline lepromatous leprosy, 6 lepromatous leprosy; and 8 schoolchildren diagnosed with leprosy during the group active search strategy (oligosymptomatic cases in the clinical forms: 1 primary neural, 1 undetermined, 6 borderline tuberculoid). The remaining 47 individuals corresponded to 20 contacts, 13 healthy schoolchildren and 7 individuals with other skin diseases. The analysis of cytokines suggests the balance between IFN-γ and IL-10 may indicate individuals who are progressing to the Th2 pole. IL-17 and TGF-β1 may be used to follow-up individuals with similar response to leprosy cases. The production of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-β1 cytokines by stimulation with proteins ML2478 and ML0840 did not differ between healthy students and case students. And the cytokine IL-17 demonstrated higher production in cases attended at URE than in case students and individuals in control groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade e expressão da metaloprotease GP63 nas espécies Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis e Leishmania (Viannia) brasiliensis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06) SOARES, Dara da Costa; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-6868
The american cutaneous leishmaniasis (ATL) is a neglected tropical disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania sp. In Brazil, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis are the main pathogenic species. The different strains and species, as well as the immune response of the vertebrate host, are key points in the development of the disease and, consequently, in the different clinical manifestations caused by these protozoa such as localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL), diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCD) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (CML). Leishmania parasites have improved mechanisms with the ability to silence the microbicidal response of infected macrophages through the action of virulence factors such as glycoprotein 63 (GP63). This glycoprotein, which has a zinc- dependent catalytic site, is the main surface metalloprotease of Leishmania and is able to modulate the vertebrate host's immune response by cleaving a wide set of cytosolic substrates. However, due to the need to understand the role and involvement of GP63 in infection processes and different clinical manifestations, it is important to analyze how this molecule is present during these processes. In view of this, the hypothesis of this study is whether there is a difference in the expression of the virulence factor GP63 between two ATL-causing species, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, which cause different clinical manifestations. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the expression and activity of GP63 in the species Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, which are more relevant to the involvement of ATL. The activity of GP63 was analyzed using promastigote forms in the stationary phase (7 days of culture) and they were submitted to analysis of the proteolytic profile through DQ-gelatin (10μg / ml) in fluorimeter (VICTOR Multilabel Plate Reader X) with wavelength of 480-520 nm and by zymography gel containing 0.1% gelatin as substrate. The expression of GP63 was analyzed by Western blot using anti-GP63 antibody. The immunostaining and quantification of the GP63 protein were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. This work showed for the first time that the species Leishmania (L.) amazonensis shows greater expression of the glycoprotein 63 kDa compared to the species Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. The greater expression of this protease was also accompanied by an increase in gelatinolytic activity in the analyzed species. These results allow suggesting a correlation in the involvement of this virulence factor between the clinical manifestations that are caused by these two species analyzed in this work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação antitumoral de amidas graxas derivadas de triglicerídeos de óleo de andiroba (Carapa guianensis aublet) em linhagem celular de glioma in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-26) SILVA, Nágila Monteiro da; OLIVEIRA, Fábio Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4538804050936779; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-3440; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-9124
Glioma is a rare type of tumour, which acts on Nervous System in a very aggressive way, presents problems in its diagnosis, low effective treatments and survival time less than one year after diagnosis. Due to factors such as intratumoral cell variability, inefficient chemotherapy drugs, adaptive resistance development to the drugs and tumour recurrence after resection, the development of new drugs becomes necessary. In this sense, molecules analogues to endocannabinoids such as fatty amides are a good alternative, since scientific literature shows that they can act as antitumor agents through the interaction with the endocannabinoid system, which modulates many metabolic pathways related to cancer. In this work, two fatty amides synthetized from andiroba (Carapa guianensis aublet) using lipase from Candida antarctica-B (CAL-B) oil were tested aiming to evaluated its potential in the glioma treatment in vitro (C6). AGs reduced C6 cell viability in a dose dependent manner while were not toxic to normal glia cells. Both FAA1 and FAA2 caused apoptosis cell death and also loss of mitochondrial integrity probably by inhibiting PI3k/AKT pathway. Furthermore, FAAs were capable of reduce the C6 migratory potential. In conclusion FAAs have a promising potential to treat glioma-type brain cancer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do efeito citoprotetor do composto homeopático canova® em linhagem celular de rim de macaco verde africano (VERO) exposta ao fármaco dipirona sódica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-01) BONFIM, Laís Teixeira; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649
Paracetamol, sodium dipyrone and ibuprofen are among the main medicines exempt from medical prescription available in pharmacies in Brazil. Sodium dipyrone is highlighted in the literature as one of the most commonly used drugs. Despite its wide use, our research group demonstrated that sodium dipyrone exerts genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Therefore, studies with medicines that may provide protection or that ameliorate the possible damages caused by sodium dipyrone are very important. The homeopathic compound Canova® (CA) seems to be a good candidate for such purpose, since in combination with other drugs it seems to soften the side effects of such drugs. Therefore, the present work aims to evaluate the possible cytoprotective effect of CA on African green monkey kidney cell line (VERO) exposed to the drug sodium dipyrone using the comet, micronucleus, apoptosis and immunocytochemistry assays. Results obtained by the comet test showed that sodium dipyrone induces an increase in DNA damage index of the VERO line. However, when such cells were co-treated with CA at the three concentrations studied, a significant reduction in the ID was observed, indicating a possible antigenotoxic effect of CA. We observed in the apoptosis and necrosis assays that dipyrone induced an increase in the percentage of apoptosis in both 24 hours and 48 hours. However when the drug was associated with CA, a significant reduction in this effect was observed in the three concentrations of CA + dipyrone. Results on immunocytochemistry showed an increase in the expression of caspase 8 and cytochrome C when cells were exposed to dipyrone. On the other hand, co-treatment significantly reduced such effect. Expression of caspase 9 was also observed after dipyrone tratament, however, co-treatment did not reduce such effect. Therefore, in our experimental conditions CA acted as a cytoprotect agent against the damages induced by dipyrone.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação in vitro do potencial genotóxico e citotóxico do extrato do açaí (Euterpe oleracea) clarificado sobre a linhagem celular AGP01 (câncer gástrico)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01) SANTOS, Thiago Souza; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodríguez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-234X
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea MART) is a fruit of great importance for the Amazon region in nutritional, cultural and socioeconomic terms. In recent years, açaí has been the subject of several studies due to its beneficial properties for health, including effects against tumor cells. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate in vitro the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the clarified extract of açaí juice in a human metastatic gastric cancer cell line (AGP01 cells). For comparison purposes, a non-transformed cell line of African green monkey renal epithelial cells (VERO cells) was used. The viability assay by resazurin reduction, the comet assay, the determination of cell death by differential fluorescent dyes and the wound healing migration assay were performed. A reduction in viability was observed only in the AGP01 line within 72h. There was no genotoxic damage or cell death (through apoptosis or necrosis) in any of the cell lines. However, açaí extract induced motility reduction in both cell lines. The reduction in cell viability and the induction of the anti-migratory effect in the AGP01 cell line opens perspectives for exploring the potential of Euterpe oleracea as an adjuvant in the treatment of gastric cancer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização química, avaliação da toxicidade oral aguda e da atividade antinociceptiva do extrato metanólico das folhas de Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) COSTA, Wellington Junior Taisho Nagahama; AMARANTE, Cristine Bastos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4101983776191966; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-8180; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806
Background: Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott is popularly known as “aninga”, “aningaçu”, “aningaíba” and “aninga-do-igapó”. The compresses and plasters from the leaves of the medicinal plant are used to treat abscesses, tumors and pain caused by stingray stings. Aim of the study: The study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of the methanolic extract of Montrichardia linifera leaves (MEMLL), as well as carry out chemical characterization and acute oral toxicity. Materials and methods: The leaves were collected during the rainy season and the methanolic extract was obtained after gradient extraction in different solvents. The MEMLL was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The evaluation of the acute oral toxicity test was used to observe the presence of toxic substances. Subsequently, acetic acid, hot plate and formalin tests were used to evaluate the analgesic effects. Results: The HPLC fingerprint analysis allowed the identification of rutin, quercetin and epicatechin. The analysis of NMR spectra identified rutin and quercetin, as well as the flavonoids luteolin and chrysoeriol. The MEMLL did not demonstrate effects considered toxic. In the acetic acid test, the MEMLL inhibited peripheral pain by 51.46% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 75.08% (p < 0.001) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The hot plate test evaluated the latency time of animals, demonstrating central activity at 30 and 60 min increasing by 164.43% (p < 0.01) and 122.95% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg /kg and 162.62% (p < 0.01) and 136.68% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The formalin test evaluated the central and peripheral antinociceptive effect of the MEMLL. In the neurogenic phase, a reduction of 35.25% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 52.30% (p < 0.01) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. In inflammatory pain, a reduction of 66.39% (p < 0.0001) and 72.15% (p < 0.0001) was observed. Conclusion: The antinociceptive activity supports its ethnopharmacological use. This analgesic effect is probably associated with the identified flavonoids, all of which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. Furthermore, the MEMLL was non-toxic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dimorfismo sexual da espessura da retina: uma análise de aprendizagem de máquina
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-03) FARIAS, Flavia Monteiro; SALOMÃO, Railson Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9518575270670446; SOUZA, Givago da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705421011644718; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4525-3971
The present research compared the accuracy of machine learning algorithms in classifying the thickness and volume measurements of retinal layers as obtained from male and female subjects. The study evaluated the retina of sixty-four healthy participants (38 women and 26 men), with normal vision and without eye or systemic diseases, aged between 20 and 40 years. The data acquisition was obtained with a Spectralis HRA+OCT tomograph in the macular region of the retina and its layers: retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), inner retina (IRL) and outer retina (ORL). The classification accuracy was obtained with the following algorithms: support vector classifier (SVC), logistic regression (LR), linear discriminant analyses (LDA), k-nearest neighbors (kNN), decision tree (DT), gaussian naive bayes (GNB) and random forest (RF). The characteristics attributed to each participant's samples were the thickness values in the nine regions of the macula plus the total macular volume of each retinal layer. The statistical tests Two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc were used in the statistical comparisons between the accuracies for the classifier and retinal layer variables, considering a significance level of < 0.05. All factors (classifier, retinal layer, and their interactions) had significant influences on accuracy (p < 0.05). The main effect of the algorithm type factor resulted in an F ratio of F (6, 630) = 4.527, p = 0.0002. The main effect for the retinal layer produced an F ratio of F (9, 630) = 51.64 and p < 0.0001. The interaction effect was also significant, F(54, 630) = 1.741, p = 0.0012. All algorithms classified with high accuracy (> 0.70) the innermost layers of the retina (total retina, inner retina, RNFL, GCL, INL) according to the gender of the participants, where we observed significant differences between genders in thickness and measurements volume. The SVC, LDA, and LR algorithms produced high accuracy (>0.70) when thickness and volume data came from the RNFL compared to the outermost layers of the retina. The KNN, RF and DT algorithms performed better in correctly classifying the total retina data in relation to the outermost layers. The thickness and volume of the retina and the innermost layers of the retina allow machine learning algorithms to be more accurate in separating data from different sexes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do óleo da espécie vegetal Caryocar villosum em linhagem de células vero in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) LOPES, Izabella Carla Silva; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-9124
Fibroblasts are cells that participate in different processes in the body, being indispensable in the development and homeostasis of tissues. They are important agents in the healing process, being present in the inflammatory, proliferative and remodeling phases. These cells produce biomolecules that constitute the extracellular matrix, such as collagen, which provide the necessary support for healthy healing. However, healing is a complex process, and it is proneto failure, so it´s important to investigate therapeutic alternatives to produce more effective treatments in cases where natural healing is not effective. Natural products from plants are widely used as therapeutic forms for healing considering their lower side effects, low cost, this combined with traditional knowledge makes it attractive to studies that prioritize valuing biodiversity. Caryocar villosum (Cv), a fruit native to the Amazon region, is a remarkable source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential that has cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. In this work, the action of Cv oil (CvO) on VERO cell line (fibroblast-like cells)was investigated. The cells were treated with 75, 125 and 250 μg/mL for 24 hours. Cytotoxicity assays, optical microscopy, cell proliferation, morphological analysis, and analysis of extracellular matrix components, such as phalloidin staining and immunofluorescence for type III collagen antibody, were performed. Any cytotoxicity was observed in the cells after CvOtreatment. CvO treatment induced morphological and physiological changes in the cells indicating cell activation. Fluorescence microscopy revealed greater cell spreading, rearrangement of actin filaments and increased cell surface exposure compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, this study suggests that fibroblasts treated with CvO are activated through cytoskeletal rearrangement, increasing cell surface, proliferating, and increasing collagen synthesis. These findings indicate that CvO may be a good therapeutic strategy from biodiversity to stimulate the healing process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos citogenéticos e moleculares nos gêneros Mesomys e Lonchothrix (Rodentia, Echimyidae, Eumysopinae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-29) OLIVEIRA, Leony Dias de; SILVA, Willam Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0903402972891613; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-1075; NAGAMACHI, Cleusa Yoshiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887641213110093; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-2734
The Echimyidae family is considered the most taxonomically diverse among South American hystricognathi rodents, comprising 25 genera and 93 species. The subfamily Eumysopinae is represented by nine genera, among which we highlight the arboreal genera Mesomys, which has four recognized species, and Lonchothrix described as monotypic (L. emiliae), both distributed in the Amazon. Morphological, molecular and chromosomal studies in the genera Mesomys and Lonchothrix have contributed to a better understanding of taxonomic design, phylogenetic relationships and karyotypic patterns. Recent molecular investigations have shown an as yet undescribed diversity, suggesting that these taxa are even more diverse than previously assumed. Furthermore, the limits of geographic distribution in the Amazon for the species M. hispidus and M. stimulax have been questioned by some authors. In this sense, the current study sought to investigate the karyotypic diversity and the geographic limits of the Mesomys and Lonchothrix genera, based on classical and molecular cytogenetic analysis and through sequences of the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome b (Cytb) and Cytochrome Oxidase - Subunit I (COI) from different locations in the Brazilian Amazon. The species M. stimulax and Mesomys sp. n. presented 2n=60/NF=110, while M. hispidus presented 2n=60/NF=112 and Lonchothrix emiliae presented 2n=66/NF=126, both unpublished karyotypes for the genera. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed Mesomys and Lonchothrix as sister genera and showed a high intraspecific rate in M. hispidus and Mesomys sp. n. from Itaituba, may be related to a new lineage in the genus Mesomys.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impacto da busca ativa especializada no diagnóstico da hanseníase: avaliação longitudinal e comparativa de aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais em áreas endêmicas no Pará e no Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) COSTA, Izabelle Laissa Viana; COSTA, Patrícia Fagundes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6487407290759330; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Leprosy is a disease that represents a significant public health problem in various parts of the world, including Brazil. To improve epidemiological data, active case finding activities and longitudinal research represent a transformative approach to disease control. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical and laboratory aspects of patients with leprosy, their contacts, and schoolchildren over a one-year period in endemic areas in Pará and Maranhão. To achieve this, a longitudinal study was conducted, characterized by active case finding activities in Imperatriz-MA, São Luís-MA, and Marituba-PA, where registered leprosy cases in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), their contacts, and school-aged children were evaluated. Participants underwent neurodermatological evaluation and blood collection for the titration of IgM anti-PGL-I antibodies, as well as intradermal scraping of the earlobes and elbows for bacilloscopy and qPCR. After one year, in 2023, participants from the municipalities of Imperatriz and São Luís were re-evaluated, and new participants were included. Among 522 individuals included in this study, 135/522 (25.9%) were clinically and/or laboratorially re-evaluated in 2023, and 387/522 (74.1%) were evaluated exclusively in 2022 or 2023. In 2022, new cases were identified among 66/221 (29.9%) contacts and 23/195 (11.8%) schoolchildren. Additionally, 9/34 (26.5%) relapses and 2/34 (5.9%) patients with therapeutic insufficiency or failure were diagnosed among index cases. In 2023, new cases were observed among 70/126 (55.5%) contacts and 10/29 (34.4%) schoolchildren. Furthermore, 7/12 (58.3%) relapses and 1/12 (8.3%) patients with therapeutic insufficiency or failure were diagnosed among index cases. In the neurodermatological evaluation, among schoolchildren and contacts who were re-evaluated, individuals with an altered superficial fibular nerve were found to be 4.3 times more likely to be in the disease case group (p < 0.05; 95% CI = 1.58- 12.74; OR = 4.32). The bacilloscopy test identified the etiological agent in 7/222 evaluated individuals (3.1%), with 4/7 (57.1%) being among individuals with a prior diagnosis of leprosy. Regarding the serological analysis of re-evaluated individuals, seropositivity was observed in 26/106 (24.5%) individuals in 2022, and 7/106 (6.6%) in 2023, a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05). A high positivity rate for the qPCR technique was observed, including 9/10 (90%) relapses, 55/88 (62.8%) new cases, and 43/151 (48.3%) contacts. These data highlight a concerning scenario characterized by a high number of hidden leprosy cases in the analyzed regions, and a significant increase in diagnosis rates after one year of follow-up in the communities, underscoring the importance of longitudinal research and the implementation of different diagnostic and monitoring techniques for a better understanding of leprosy and its outcomes in endemic areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pesquisa de hanseníase em doadores de sangue
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11) JORGE, Erika Vanessa Oliveira; PALMEIRA, Mauricio Koury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2785104508455046; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Hansen’s disease (HD) is an infectious disease with active transmission in endemic areas such as Brazil, which accounted for over 90% of the new HD in the Americas in 2021, and the second highest in the global scale. Clinically is characterized by the appearance of nerve or skin lesions with altered sensitivity, that in advanced cases, can cause deformities and physical disabilities. Its transmission occurs mainly through Mycobacterium leprae, through respiratory droplets of sick people, and has a prolonged incubation period. The diagnosis of leprosy is clinical, with multidrug treatment PQT (polychemotherapy) being crucial to avoid the chain of disease transmission. Suspected cases should be attended by a qualified professional in basic health units or active case finding campaigns. Although leprosy patient is considered definitively unfit for blood donation process, according to Consolidation regulation nº 5, of October 3, 2017, leprosy investigation occurs only through a clinical interview, without laboratory evaluation. At Hemocenter from Pará, 500 donors were selected for the study and blood was collected for serological investigation of anti-PGL-I antibodies. Of the selected donors, 4% (20/500) had positive serological results greater than or equal to 0,750 optical density among only eight agreed to be clinically examined and underwent other laboratory tests: bacilloscopy and qPCR. Among donors with clinical evaluation, more than half were diagnosed with leprosy, 62.5% (5/8), with the following cases: one individual with the primarily neural clinical form, three with borderline-tuberculoid, one lepromatous. of peripheral blood, the presence of the bacillus in two individuals was confirmed, suggesting a possible route of transmission of the disease. We emphasize that the prevalence of subclinical leprosy infection due to its etiological agent among the study population is very high, but compatible with the hidden prevalence already recorded in the state of Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência e associação da infecção gástrica por Helicobacter pylori e do vírus Epstein-Barr em casos de gastrite na população do Amapá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-11-03) ALVES, Nélisson Clei Ferreira; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
The epidemiology of HP and of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is worldwide. The prevalence of both carcinogenic agents, in the world human population is about 45%. A recent study suggests that EBV coinfection with HP cagA positive increases the oncogenic potential of this bacterium. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of the bacterium HP and of the virus EBV and the association of those pathogens and of the cagA gene in patients with gastritis in the population of Amapá. A descriptive study was accomplished, of the traversal type, where 292 samples of gastric mucous of the patients were analyzed with gastritis submitted to the endoscopy, age group between 14 and 83 years. For detection of HP, Urease test and Polymerase Chain reaction were used; this methodology was also useful to reveal the positive cagA of the bacterium. Additionally, the technique of in situ hybridization was used for detection of EBV and the microscopic analysis that determined the histopathological characteristics of the gastric mucous. Results: The study showed high prevalence of cases of HP in patients with gastritis with a relative frequency of 87,67% of the 292 analyzed cases, a higher incidence, of HP positive cases, in female, 88,27%. The incidence of the cagA gene in samples of positive patients for HP was 72,66%, higher prevalence in female, 75,32%. In the present study 8,59% of the patients were found with viral infection caused by EBV in positive samples for HP with bigger prevalence in male, 9,18%. According to the age group, the study showed higher prevalence of the gene cagA and of EBV in positive patient for HP in the age group between 44 and 54 years, with 23,12% and 36,37%, respectively. Conclusion: Most of the findings of this study are similar to the reports from the literature, however, it is necessary other studies in order to explain if there is or there is no correlation between the infection for HP and EBV in the north of Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O tratamento com meio condicionado em cultura primária de tenócitos acelera o reparo tendíneo em modelo de lesão total do tendão calcâneo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-10-14) MACIEL, Analú Alves; SILVA, Anderson Manoel Herculano Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8407177208423247
Conventional treatments for tendinopathies are ineffective and most clinical interventions do not provide adequate recovery leaving this tissues more likely to suffer reinjures. Recently, cell based therapies has been shown to be effective for the treatment in connective tissue injuries, such as tendons. Our aim is to evaluate if local treatment with tenocytes conditioned medium promoves tissue and functional improvements in the calcaneal tendon of tenotomized mice. The calcaneal tendon cells of Swiss mice were cultured for conditioning culture medium that will be used as a treatment. The animals were subjected to right calcaneal tenotomy and treated with saline solution (SAL), DMEM without serum (DMEM) and DMEM conditioned in primary tenocyte culture (MC) and compared to the control group (CTRL). Tendon functionality was measured using the Achilles Functional Index (AFI) and mechanical sensitivity through the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) using the Von Frey test. All analyzes were performed at 7, 14 and 21 days post-injury (dpi). For histological analysis, tissues were stained with HE. Statistics were performed by ANOVA-2 followed by Tukey's post test, p<0.01. The MC group showed functional improvement at 7° and 14°dpi (-40.4±12.6; -36.6±10.4) compared to the DMEM groups (-76.5±11.7; -71, 6±7.9, p<0.01) and SAL (-88.8±15; -71.4±12.6 p<0.01). The MC group showed improvement in the paw withdrawal threshold at 7° and 14°dpl (2.24±1.15; 2.66±1.06) compared to the DMEM groups (0.15±0.07; 0 .45±0.76 p<0.01) SAL (0.13±1.15; 0.77±0.95 p<0.01). In the histological analysis, the MC group showed better tissue organization with cells presenting a format more similar to the control group, while the SAL and DMEM groups were more different from this one. We conclude that treatment with tenocytes conditioned medium accelerates tendon recovery, promoving improvement in mechanical sensitivity, functionality and tissue organization in the proposed injury model.

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