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Dissertações em Geologia e Geoquímica (Mestrado) - PPGG/IG

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2604

O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia e Geoquímica (PPGG) do Instituto de Geociências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Fosfatos da região de Santa Luzia (nordeste do estado do Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1977) OLIVEIRA, Nilson Pinto de; SCHWAB, Roland Gottlieb
Four occurrences of aluminum phosphates in Santa Luzia, Pará State. Brazil were studied in terms of their field relations, mineralogy and trace element contents. Crandallite is the dominant phosphate and less frequently wavellite can be found. The phosphates occur in metamorphic pre-Cambrian rocks of the Gurupi Group and are essentially structurally controled. A disseminated level of crandallite at the basis of the metamorphic sequence, problably originated from the alteration of sedimentary apatite, is considered to be the source of phosphate which was dissolved by solutions flowing through it. These phosphorous-rich solution moved upward and precipitated phosphate-bearing minerals in the upper units of that metamorphic sequence. The occurrences have no economical value in the mapped area but the presence of a crandallite level with about 16 wt. % P2O5 leads to consider prospecting for phosphate in the neighboring areas to be attractive.
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Pesquisas mineralógicas e geoquímicas para a distinção de basaltos intrusivos e extrusivos no Vogelsberg Alemanha Federal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1977-07) OLIVEIRA, Elson Paiva de; SCHWAB, Roland Gottlieb
In a drill hole of 450m made in the central part of the volcanic complex Vogelsberg, West Germany many authors found an alternating sequence of alkali olivinbasalts and tholeiites, consisting of 7 series with a total of 293m. Radiometric age dating suggests that two of the alkali olivinbasalts are intrusive. One of them, serie 3, however shows traces of weathering on its surface. The present study includes chemical analyses of major and trace elements (Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Li and Be) as well as mineralogical investigation by means of X-ray diffraction and optial methods. The objective of these analyses was the chemical and mineralogical characterization of the weathering horizons and of the possible effects of differentiation in the units considered intrusive. The commom association of haematite, montmorillonite and quartz fragments in the weathered horizons, as well as the increase of Ni, Co, Cu, H2O and Fe2O3 and the decrease of Li, Be, FeO, MgO and CaO from the bottom to the top of one of the "intrusive units" in serie 3, shows that this unit was exposed to the earth's surface and therefore cannot be considered intrusive. The other alkali olivinbasalt in serie 5 shows incipient gravitative differentiation effects but witho ut significant textural variations. On the other hand there is amigdaloidal texture on its top suggesting also an extrusive nature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Elementos traços no caulim do Rio Capim, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1977-10) MONTEIRO, Reginaldo Wanghon; SCHWAB, Roland Gottlieb
The parent rock material controls the trace element content of a kaolin. The trace element association of Rio Capim kaolin is examined and utilized to verify the provenance of the deposit. The method of emission spectrographye is used for the analysis and is described in its essential parte, in particular the construction of the work curve and the detection limite of the elements The trace element association of the deposit is compared with the trace element association of other kaolin deposits of known provenance. On the basis of this comparison, it is concluded that the deposit was formed by weatering of a granitic parent rock. These conclusions confirm geologic observations about the deposit and the assemblage of heavy minerals, indicating a paraautochtonic origin.
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Mineralogia e petrologia do complexo ultramáfico e alcalino de Santa Fé - GO
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1978) SOUSA, Ana Maria Soares de; GIRARDI, Vicente Antonio Vitório; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6876269679513816
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Estratigrafia e evolução estrutural do segmento setentrional da faixa de desdobramentos Paraguai - Araguaia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1979-06-13) ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; HASUI, Yociteru; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3392176511494801
The northern part of the Paraguai-Araguaia orogenic belt comprises a significant portion of the South American Platform. Here, the Brazilian geotectonic cycle (550-900 m.y), produced a mountain chain through a complex sequence of sedimentary metamorphic, magmatic, and structural events along the eastern margin of the Amazon craton. The lithologic sequence is designated stratigraphically as the Baixo Araguaia Supergroup which comprises the Estrondo Group and the overlying Tocantins Group. The basal formation in the Estrondo Group is the Morro do Campo Formation which consists of quartzites and subordinate schists and gneisses. The Xambioá overlies the Morro do Campo and includes several kinds of schists. The Tocantins Group is formed by Couto Magalhães Formation, represented by phyllites and intercalated quartzites and the overlying Pequizeiro Formation consiwts of pelitic sediments and Mg-rich igneous derivatives. The Estrondo and the Tocantins groups are intruded by ultramafic, mafic, and granitic rocks that are associated with late and post-tectonic igneous events. The Rio das Barreiras Formation, a sedimentary sequence represented by a polymictic conglomerate with carbonate matrix and sandy and silty interlayers, unconformably overlies the Pequizeiro Formation and may represent erosional remnants of a final phase of the Brazilian cycle. Primary lithologic structures in Baixo Araguaia Su pergroup are preserved as relict compositional stratification, inclined, parallel, and graded bedding in metasediments, and flow structures in the igneous rocks. Superposed penetrative planar and linear deformation structures are present in several generations. The regional N-S striking schistosity is of axial-plane type and is related to the intrafolial folds, with an easterly dip getting vergence to Amazon craton. The regional dip is 309 and decreases to abaut 159 adjacent to the Amazon craton. Gneissic banding parallels schistosity of overlying schists in the larger folds and they share a common mineral lineation. Polyphase deformation is recorded by a fold sequence which varies in scale from 1 cm to 30 km and is related to the differents structural levels within the crust. The lower structural level includes: a) similar-type intrafolial isoclinal folds which are contemporaneous with regional metamorphism; b) similar tight folds which involve the s.chistosity and transposed bedding; c) shear folds of crenulation developed near to the top of the level in the more plastic horizons. The intermediate level comprises; d) isolated regional flexures near the localities of Colméia, Xambioà-, Lontra, Muricizal; e) two generations of open and cross folds associated with the Iriri-Martírios lineament zone. N-S and NW-SE fracture and fault systems cut ali stratigraphi.c units of the Baixo Araguaia Supergroup. The faults consist of: 1) NW treding transcurrent fault with strike iengths of severa]. Kilometers; 2) thrust faults with N-S- strike such as those near Andorinhas and Muricizal mountains; 3) N-S striking normal faults developed at the edge of the Parnaíba basin and elsewhere. The mapped facies sequence ranges from incipient greenschist facies in the west to amphibolite facies in the east implying an Bastward increase in metamorphic grade. Sericite to garnet isograds are discernibles. Three magmatic events are distinguished. They comprises: a) pre-tectonic basic and ultrabasic plutonic-volcanic magmatism; b) late-tectonic granitic intrusion; c) post- tectonic unfoliated granitic intrusions. Eleven K-Ar mica dates from gneisses and schists of the orogenic belt yield values in the range of 516 ± 10 m.y to 358 ± 19 m.y. (Brazilian Cycle). Five Rb/Sr determinations from the gneissic core of the Colméia fold gives values around 2,000 m.y (Amazonic cycle). The geologic evolution of the northern Paraguai-Araguaia orogenic belt consists of three sequential stages: I) deposition of psammitic and pelitic sediments comprising the Estrondo and lower Tocantins Groups. Basic and ultrabasic igneous activity in late Tocantins time result in the deposition of mixture of pelitic sediments and Mg-rich igneous material which comprise the Pequizeiro Formation. II) polyphase deformation, metamorphism, magmatism, and orogenic uplift followed. These events are subdivided as follows: 1) F1 - deformation and regional metamorphism (Ma) in which So (original bedding) was transposed by isoclinal folding to S1 (regional schistosity) and progressive metamorphism produced sericite and garnet map zunes; 2) F2 - deformation produced tight folds in the schistosity (S1) resulting an axial plane surface (S2); well-marked mineral lineation (L2); 3) F3 deformation developed crenulation folds and a second phase of transposition (S3); e) F4 - deformation produced large folds accopanied by migmatization and late-tectonic granitic intrusions; 5) F5 - deformation formed small-scale plastic folds in cataclastic zones along the Iriri-Martírios lineament. III) The post-metamorphic Rio das Barreiras Formation was then deposited unconformably over this structural sequente and the final deformation event produced fault movements (transcurrent, thrust and normal), established joints, and permitted the rise of post-tectonic granitic plutons. This stage marks a transition from an environment of compressional stress to one of tensional stress on the regional scale. Subsequent to stageIII, consolidation of the South American platform occurred. Related erosional, sedimentary, magmatic, and'tectonic processes affedted this ares at numerous times throughout post-Brazilian cycle time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo sedimentológico da formação Pedra de Fogo-Permiano: Bacia do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1979-10-17) FARIA JUNIOR, Luis Ercílio do Carmo; TRUCKENBRODT, Werner Hermann Walter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5463384509941553
The Pedra de Fogo Formation of the Early-Middle-Permian in the Maranhão Basin is characterized by a ciclic sedimentation with fine sandstone intercalated with siltstones, shales and carbonatic banks which have abundant sílex beds and concretions. On surface this unit is divided into three members named Basal' Silex, Middle and Upper, Trisidela. Silicified oolites, pellets, coquinas with ' fish remains, stromatolitic beds and wood remains are found in the Pedra de Fogo. Formation sediments. The lithologies indicate a shallow, restricted, marine environment ' with two transgressions phases separated by a regression phase. The lateral facies changes reflect the sedimentary dynamism and suggest that the marine environment progressed from a transitional, deltaic to shallow neritic one. The main source areas of the clastic sediments and some of the sílica are, located in the northestern to the southern parts of the Basin and derived ' from the Borborema and São Francisco Provinces rockes. The Tocantins and. Tapajós Provinces to the west and southest have supplied material also. The climate during the Pedra de Fogo sedimentation has varied from moderate to arid as a consequence of the northward South American continent slow migration. The Maranhão had tectonic stability during the Permian. The marine in cursions took place from west, through the Amazonas Basin. Besed on the cyclothemes thickness, it seems that the Pedra de Fogo sedimentation occured from the water level oscilations in the Basin, which had also motivated the transgressions and regressions phases and whose origin should be related to the climatic changes during the Permian time.
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Metamorfismo das rochas pelíticas do segmento setentrional da faixa Paraguai-Araguaia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1980-03-20) SILVA, José Maurício Rangel da; HASUI, Yociteru; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3392176511494801
Petrographic, petrochemical and microstructural data were used in the study of the metamorphism. In keeping with the work's scalé, the data .are regionally consistent. The metamorphism acted on sedimentary parent rocks, chemically similar to shales and greywacke admixtures. Relict sedimentary structures point to a sedimentary origin. The mineral assembrages distribution in Baixo Araguaia Group shows, from west to east, a regional metamorphic zoning with sericite, chlorite and biotite. Around megastructures (with supposed basement nucleus) a garnet zone has been recognized. The baric type is medium-pressure and corraspodds to Northern Appalachians and Scottish Highlands. Metamorphism and tectonic events are correlativa. The intensity of metamorphism, correspondingly to staurolite and kyanite crystallization, outlasts the deformation F2. The cooling of the meta sedimentary sequence brought out the biotite and muscovite crystallization. The metamorphism is referable to a polyphase cycle. The final manifestations .of the metamorphism belong to the Brasiliano Cycle.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intemperismo químico de rochas graníticas na zona bragantina nordeste do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1980-05-13) GOULART, Antonio Taranto; RONCAL, Juan Rolando Zuleta
Profiles of residual soils derived from granitic rocks which occur in the Bragantina Region, Northeastern Pará, were studied chemically and mineralogically. These soils were developed in an ares of gentle topography and good drainage under tropical conditions with well defined "dry" and rainy seasons. The mineral composition of these soils consists essentially of quartz and with decreasing abundantes also appear kaolinite, muscovite, secondary oxides, feldspar and heavy minerals. This mineral assemblage resulted from the chemical weathering of the parent granitic rocks wh.ose original minerals were decomposed in the following sequence: biotite, feldspars, muscovite, quartz and heavy minerals. The soils are dominantly sandy from which significant amounts of kaolinite, produced during the earlier stages of weathering, were lost in consequente of the intense leaching that is favored by the high pluvial precipitation oves the region. The great stability of quartz under tropical conditions together with the intense leaching of the regolith has led to the development of texturally homogeneous soils in the Bragantina Region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Geologia, mineralogia, geoquímica e gênese dos fosfatos de Jandiá, Cansa Perna, Itacupim no Pará e Pirocaua e Trauira no Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1980-05-13) COSTA, Marcondes Lima da; SÁ, José Haroldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9442263243312377
The phosphate occurrences of Northeastern Pará and Northwestern Maranhão were formed by strong lateritic weathering of phosphorus-rich Precambrian rocks. The rock formation affected by those processes were phyllites and schists of the Gurupi Group in Cansa Perna and Pirocaua, a complex of felsic to mafic and ultramafic rocks metamorphosed in the greenschist facies in Itacupim and Trauira and probably phosphoritic "sandstone" in Jandiá. The lithologic sequente observed (A=horizon: ferric oxide-hydroxide and ferric and aluminium phosphate; B=horizon: aluminium phosphate; C=horizon: kaolinite) is generally comparable with that of bauxite deposits, especial.ly those of the Amazon region which were also developed, like the phosphate deposits, during the Tertiary. The mineralogy of the phosphates consists of crandalite-goyazite, wavellite, augelite, mineral-A and wardite-millisite (these are particularly abundant in the "B" horizon); dufrenite, mitridatite, beraunite, mineral-B, lazulite and ferric oxide-hidroxide (in the "A" horizon), apatite (in the bedrock of Itacupim). Dravite, gibbsite and other oxides were also found. These secondary mineral associations are common to all deposits and show only slight variations related to the bedrock. The geochemistry of these deposits is unusual and differs from that of normal bauxites. In particular high concentrations of. Sr, Rb, Ba, Ce, La, Nd, Zr and Nb are observed in the "B" horizon, some of these elements are found in the crandalite goyazite series in which the Sr0-content can be as high as 7%. The geological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of these deposits are similar to the secondary phosphate occurrences of Florida, Utah, and Tennessee CUSPA and also to these of Senegal.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dispersão geoquímica dos elementos Si, Al, Fe, Mn, Na, K, Cu e Zn nos solos e sua aplicação na caracterização de áreas geoquimicamente homogêneas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1980-05-13) SILVA, Waldise Rossycléa Lima da; RONCAL, Juan Rolando Zuleta
Variations in the chemical composition of soils are used to characterize sub-areas geochemitally homogenous. The aplication of this methodology in a tropical humid region of accentuated topography constitute the principal objective of the present research. Samples of red latosols (Horizon B) developed over gravite, sandstone and basalt occurring in the Central Granite Region of the Serra dos Carajás, Pará State, Brasil were analized for the elements Si, AL., Fe, 40Mn, Na, K, Cu e Zn, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Based on the criterion of similarity in the chemical composition (Cluster Analysis, Factor Analysis) the soils were separeted in to different groups. The geographical distribution of the different groups permit the establishment of a Glose relationship between the different parent lithologies and their corresponding soils.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuição à petrologia do granito central da serra dos Carajás
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1980-09-02) ALMEIDA, Regina Célia Cunha; RONCAL, Juan Rolando Zuleta
This study was carried out in the central region of the Serra dos Carajás in the South of the State of Pará. The area referred to is underlain by a granite batholith, surrounded by basic volcanic rocks in the north-east and slightly metamorphised sedimentary clastic rocks. In order to characterize the petrogenetic nature of the granitic body, a study was realized of the petrography and petrochemistry of the various facies of the granite and of the country rocks. Petrographic and geochemical evidence suggests a magmatic origin for the granite of Carajás. During its consolidation the granitic magma underwent a slight differentiation in the formation of various facies. The intrusive character of the body is e4denced by the presence of contact metamorphism of the hornblende hornfels in the country rocks in the proximity of the contacts. The observed mineralogical association (orthoclase and plagioclase) indicates that the granitic body may be included in the SUBSOLVUS group in the classification of the Tuttle and Bowen (1958). The magma was probably originated by partial melting of older crustal rocks.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evolução geológica da região de Colméia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1980-09-03) COSTA, João Batista Sena; HASUI, Yociteru; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3392176511494801
A geological mapping of the Colmeia region, in northern Goiás, has been carried out on a 1:100.000 scale. Semi-detailed geological observations coupled with stratigraphic, structural and petrological data are integrated aiming at the geological evolution of that region. The oldest recognized unit, the Archean Colmeia Complex, is represented by gneisses, granites and migmatites with associated schists, quartzites and amphibolites, and forms the central core of the Colmeia brachyanticline. Two main deformation periods have affected these rocks at the end of the Archean: the earliest period, F1deformed the rock banding surfaces into folds with E-W orlented axes and originated a well-defined axial-plane schistosity; the other one, F2, caused the refolding of the banding surfaces and folded the schistosity planes as to produce folds also with E-W oriented axes. Furthermbre, two migmatization phases were recognized: the first phase was contemporaneous with F1 and formed quartz-feldspar-rich neossomes in which minerais show a preferred orientation; the second phase predates F2 but post-dates F1, and is characterized by neossomes consisting essentially of non-oriented quartz and feldspar minerals. In the Middle Proterozoic, the Amazon Craton was regenerated leading to the accumulation of a thick volcano-sedimentary pile known as the Baixo Araguaia Super Group (Abreu, 1978). The lower unit of this pile is represented by the Estrondo Group which consists, from bottom to top of the Morro do Campo Formation (quartzites with schist intercalations), the Xambioá Formation (schists of various lithologies) and the Canto da Vazante Formation (feldspathic schists with biotite schist intercalations). The upper unit constitutes the Tocantins Group which is represented in the Colmeia region by the chlorite-quartz schists of the Pequizeiro Formation. Metamorphosed mafic and ultramafic rocks are associated with both the Estrondo and the Tocantins Group. In the Colmeia region, the Baixo Araguaia Super Group had a poliphasic evolution throughout the Middle Proterozoic. Its rocles recorded three major deformation periods: the first one is represented by intrafolial folding of the So surfaces and by the formation of an axial-plane schistosity; the second deformation event disturbed the schistosity surfaces generatinÉ folds with inclined axial planes and N-S oriented axes; the third deformation period is characterized by crenulation of the schistosity. The resulting folds have milimetric to kilometric dimensione and their axes parallel. NW-SE directions. Where the schistosity was completely transposed, crenulation cleavage was developed and biotite and chlorite recrystallizations took place on the transposition planes. The planar structures of the Baixo Araguaia basement were bent in response to shearing. Regional metamorphism of greenschist and amphibolite facies is concomitant with the first deformation episode while the second event affected the underlying Colmeia Complex superirnposing a similar folding style; at the same time contemporaneous migmatization originated N-S oriented quartz-feldspathic neossomes. Subsequent remobilization of the Colmeia Complex and the emplacement of intrusive granitic bodies gave rise to the Colmeia brachyanticline with which minor N-S oriented folds are associated. Radial faults were developed cutting both the basement and the metasedimentary cover. Other major discontinuities are also related to this event. The sedimentation of the Rio das Barreiras Formation marks the final act of the evolutionary history of the Colmeia region. Such an evolution included lithogenetic processes of the Archean and Middle Proterozoic as well as thermo-tectonic phenomena related to the Jequié and Uruaçuano cycles. K-Ar and Rb-Sr radiometric dating indicates reheating associated with the Transamazonic and Brazilian cycles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A geoquímica da camada laterítica da Serra do Quatipuru
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1980-09-03) SÁ, Osvaldo Batista; SCHWAB, Roland Gottlieb
A study was carried out on the modes of distribution of the trace elements Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn and Cr in a layer of laterite soil overlying a parent rock composed of serpentinised ultrabasics and partly of talc-chlotite (schists). The layer of soil is influenced by weathered coming from the upper levels of the Serras leading to a possible upsetting of the equilibrium of the profile. The investigation of various profiles indicates that it can be proved that the type of mode of distribution is constant and only depends on the parent rock. The lateral contribution from the upper level of the Serras only increases or decreases the maximum and minimum values along the profile. It is proven that there exists a strong relationship between Co-Mn and Cr-Fe independent of the horizon and the parent rock. The enrichment factors of weathering are presented, as well as the conclusions which may be drawn on the basis of analyses of these trace elements on soil near the surface with the respect to possible enrichment in underlying horizons and values in the parent rock, enabling identification of the parent rock by preliminary simple geochemistry.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição dos elementos Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Ti, Cu, K e Na em solos desenvolvidos na região do granito central da Serra dos Carajás - sul do estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1981-03-13) DAMOUS, Nina Rosa Leal; RONCAL, Juan Rolando Zuleta
The distribution of elements in the weathered pro rocks is effected mainly by climate, geomorphology and parent material. The present study deals with the distribution of Si, Al., Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Ti, Cu, K and Na in the weathered products of the Central Gravite at Serra dos Carajas - Para, Brazil, which occurs in an area which is characterized by ondulated relief and humid tropical climate. Samples representing two selected weathering profiles were collected to depths that did not exceed 6 m. The analytical treatment consisted of poten/biometric determinations of pH values, the determination of the chemical and mineralogical compositions of the sand, silt and clay fractions, and the determination of the chemical composition of the oxide fraction. The two profiles reveal an intensa process of feldspar removal from the parent granite and the formation of a sand-clayey lato-soil. In this process quartz has been preserved and clay minerals and aluminium and iron hidroxides have been formed constituting the dominant assemblage of the soil. Ca, Mg, Mn, Na and K from the parental rock were nearly completely leached away to the extent that these elements are only found in small amounts in the remaining feldspars or adsorbed on clay minerals. On the other hand, Ti present principally in resistant minerals, practically maintains its' original concentration. Cu is sligthly enriched in the profiles due to adsorption in the clay minerals. The presence of only very small amounts of feldspar along the profiles shows the great intensity of the weathering process acti.ng on the granitic rocks. The direct transformation of feldspar to clay minerals or aluminium oxides is related to the climatic conditions frainy and dry seasons) prevalent in the area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Petrologia da seqüência xistosa Seridó, Currais Novos - Parelhas (RN)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1981-03-13) GAMA JÚNIOR, Theodomiro; ALBUQUERQUE, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro de
This work deals with the metamorphism of the Seridó schists in the region Currais Novos - Parelhas, of the Seridó schist belt. The study involved the petrography of the rocks, the chemistry of rocks and selected minerals and the application of geothermometers and geobarometers as well as a correlation between deformation and metamorphic crystallization of the minerals. The three consecutive phases of deformation (F1, F2, F3) described have been recognized although F3 was seen only locally. Syntectonic crystallization (relative to F1) was noted for most minerals although post-tectonic crystallization is seen very often. The pressure and temperature of crystallization can be estimated at approximately 4 kb and 550°C, respectively. The occurrence of staurolite in metasedimentary aasemblages defines metamorphic conditions of the amphibolite facies. Garnet, with about 70% of the almandine molecule and 15% of the spessartite molecule, coexists with cordierite and andalusite for sillimanite). Therefore, the metamorphism is of the 1°w-to intermediate pressure type. The grade of metamorphism is almost constant in the region studied, without evidence of retrograde metamorphism except where intense deformation produced phyllonites. The conditions of metamorphism of this part of the Seridó schist belt can be compared to those of the Abukuma belt of Japan. The metasedimentary rocks were derived from sediments dominantly with a composition corresponding to a mixture of pelite and greywacke.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pegmatitos do complexo alcalino de Peixe - Goiás
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1981-06-10) MARTINS, José Pedro de Azevedo; SÁ, José Haroldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9442263243312377
In the region of the Almas River, northern State of Goiás, occurs a gneissoid alkalime complex formed by nepheline-syenite, syenite, quartz-syenite and granite. This complex is the core of a brachyanticlyne whose major axis has more than 30 km along th.e submeridian direction and whose flanks are composed of schists and quartzites of Serra da Mesa, group (1.1 - 1.2 b.y. old, Uruaçuano cycle). Posttectonic pegmatoid granites and several pegmatites are associated with that complex. These pegmatites are zoned and the majority shows both mineralogical and textural internai zonning. Mineralogical, petrological and geochemical studies compled with field observations showed that there are two distinct pegmatite generations: syenitic pegmatites consisting of plagioclase, K-feldspar, biotite, and zircon; and granitic pegmatites composed of K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, biotite muscovite, amphibole, garnet and beryl. The analysis of these data indicated that these bodies are genetically related to the magmatic events that generated both the alkaline rocks and the pegmatoid granite at different periods of time. The granitic magmatism was developed in the posttectonic phase of the Uruaçuano cycle. In this region there are disseminated primary zircon and corindon deposits associated with the alkaline rocks as well as secondary (alluvial and colluvial) deposits of these mineral derived from the primary bodies by weathering and residual concentration processes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo sedimentológico dos sedimentos Barreiras, Ipixuna e Itapecuru no nordeste do Pará e noroeste do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1981-06-24) GÓES, Ana Maria; TRUCKENBRODT, Werner Hermann Walter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5463384509941553
Barreiras, Itapecuru and Ipixuna are exposed in large regions of Pará and Maranhão State. The Barreiras sedimente are divided in conglomeratic, sandy clay and sandy lithofacies. Textural imaturity and abundant mud-s.upported clastics in particular, suggest depositions mainly by debris flows under semiarid conditions. The three lithofacies were probably derived from Precambrian schists of Santa Luzia Formation and preexisting sedimente. The Itapecuru sedimenta consist of crossbedded sandstones, locally with minor conglomerates and mudstones, deposited in fluvial environment, probably tending to a semiarid conditions. The Ipixuna facies consiste of crossbedded kaolinitic sandstones, minor mudstones (lithology A) and laminated mudstonefine sandstone units including thick kaoline layers (lithology B). The fine sandstones are texturally and mineralogically mature. Lacustrine-fluvial origin is proposed for Ipixuna facies. The impoverished heavy-mineral assemblage and thick kaoline-layers suggest humid hot climate that probably prevailed before (during?) the Ipixuna sedimentation. Textural and structural characteristics of the sedimente studied show that there is a olear difference between Barreiras Group and Ipixuna facies and that the latter is correlated with the Itapecuru Formation. Bauxitization of lower Tertiary age affected only the Ipixuna and Itapecuru sedimentary rocks.
Desconhecido
Alteração supergênica das rochas básicas do grupo Grão-Pará: implicações sobre a gênese do depósito de bauxita de N5 - Serra dos Carajás
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1981-11-19) LEMOS, Vanda Porpino; VILLAS, Raimundo Netuno Nobre; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1406458719432983
The present study deals with the supergene alteration of the basic volcanic rocks of the Grão Pará Group and gathers evidences that support the N5 bauxite deposit (Carajás Sierra) to be an extreme product of this alteration. In the lack of a continuous profile, this hypothesis was tested with a composed profile using the subsurface information available for the contiguous N4 plateau where the whole weathered sequence could be observed. The bauxite-rich and lateritic horizons, only developed in N5, were then assumed to be a part of that sequence and taken as its more superficial levels. The basic volcanic rocks are of precambrian age and were classified as tholeiitic basalts compositionally similar to those of the calc-alkaline suites that occur in modern island ares (TiO2-Zr/P2O5 diagram). The primary mineral assembly is dominantly composed of labradorite and pigeonite-augite and has zircon, ilmenite and opaque minerals as the major accessory phases. Hydrothermal activity caused mineralogical changes in theses rocks producing chlorite, epidote, calcite, sericite, amphibole and quartz. Significant chemical and mineralogical changes were induced by the weathering in these rocks and could be evaluated to depths up to 140 m. The serbidecomposed material showed substantial losses of CaO, Na2O and FeO (this due to partial oxidation to Fe+3) and less important lasses of SiO2, MgO and K2O. In contraposition there was relative enrichment of Fe2O3, Al2O3, TiO2 and P2O5 besides major gains of H2O. This new chemical environment favored the formation of compatible stable phases represented, in order of abundance, by chlorite, smectite-chlorite, opaque minerals and quartz. The totally decomposed basalts revealed an aimost complete loss of alkalls, MgO and CaO, with SiO2 contents dimishing to values of approximately 40% of its initial quantities. This enhanced great relative gains of Fe2O3, Al2O3, TiO2 and P2O5 and H2O with respect to the previous alterations stage. The resulting mineral assembly turned out be dominated by kaolinite, goethite and titanium oxides, and secondarily by gibbsite and quartz. Determinations of Cr, Ni, Co and Zr were done for both the bas.alts and its weathered equivalents. Enrichment factors of the order of 1.5 to 5.0 generally progressive towards the surface indicate the greater or lesser mobility of these elements within the supergene environment. Cr, Ni and Co were retained by coprecitpitation with iron hidroxides while Zr was accounted for by the preservation of zircon as a residual mineral. The N5 bauxite deposit consists of a gibbsite-rich upper layer with an average thickness of 4.7 m and average chemical composition of 3-.13% SiO2, 2.3% TiO2, 47.0% Al2O3, 23.0% Fe2O3 and 24.0% volatiles. Mineralogically it is composed of gibbsite, kaolinite, titanium oxides and iron hidroxides (goethite). The subjacent layers show distinct chemical constitution but the mineral suites differ in the proportions rather than in the kinds of the phases present. Downwards it is observed 1) a lateritic crust as thick as 10 m, 2) a gibbsite-rich clay that do not exceed 35 m in thickness and 3) an argillaceous horizon of indefinite thickness. The lateritic crust has an average chemical composition of 3.6% SiO2, 2.0% TiO2, 28.0% Al2O3, 47.0% Fe2O3 and 19.0% volatiles, and a mineralogy dominated by hematite, kaolinite, iron hidroxides, titanium oxides and subordinate quantities of gibbsite. The gibbsite-rich clay has average proportions of 24.0%, 2.0%, 28.0%, 32.0% and 13.0.% for SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and volatiles respectively while the argillaceous horizon shows average proportions of 47.0%, 1.5%, 20.0%, 22.0% and 7.5% for these same components in that order. The mineral assembly of these two last levels is dominated by kaolinite, gibbsite, titanium oxides and iron hydroxides although hematite appears only in the gibbsite-rich clay while goethite and quartz appear, only ,in, the argillacebus horizon. The identification of heavy minerals in samples of both the decomposed basalt and the bauxite material revealed the same suite consisting of ilmenite, zircon and tourmaline, the latter mineral being found in greater abundances in the bauxite. Boron determinations from samples of the various horizons of both sequentes (N4 and N5) indicated contente that varied from 70 to 100 ppm, justifying /the probable presence of tourmaline even in the rocks from which was not possible to separate heavy minerals. The integration of all these data allowed the interpretation of the N5 bauxite plateau as a residual deposit of the supergene alteration of the volcanic basic rocks of the Grão Pará. Group with basis on 1) the chemical and mineralogical identities between the two sequences, especially the decomposed basalt and the gibbsite-rich clay, 2) the chemical correspondente that suggests the argillaceous horizon to be an intermediate stage of alteration between the semidecomposed and the decomposed basalt, 3) the presence of gibbsite in the decomposed basalt suggesting a stage of evolution which, given enough time and the appropriate conditions, could produce a material progressively rich in alumina and 4) typical trace elements of basic rocks present in relatively high concentrations in the bauxite deposit and, taken the genetic link for granted, showing enrichment or impoverishment factors along a common trend from the unaltered basalt to the bauxite material. Special attention was paid to the lateritic crust that formed underlying the bauxite deposit. It has been interpreted as a result of the relativo mobility of Fe and Pd, under Eh-pH conditions that favored the descending movement of Fe and the fixation of in the upper horizons.
Desconhecido
Estudo sedimentológico dos paleocanais da região do rio Paracauari, Ilha de Marajó - estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1981-11-19) BEMERGUY, Ruth Léa; TRUCKENBRODT, Werner Hermann Walter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5463384509941553
This investigations deals with the paleochannels of the Paracauari river In the northeastern region of Marajó island, based on the photogeological interpretation of maps (scale: 1:20.000) and Sedimentological studies of 13 holes with maximun depth of 50 meters. Morphologically the paleochannels are caracterized by meandering forms and are easily recognized by the vegetation and topographic features. The paleochannels are constituted of texturally mature and well sorted sands. The study of the heavy minerals fractions shows that following species are more importante: tourmaline, staurolite, zircon, andalusite and kianite. These minerals constitute a mature suite whi.ch are not only from the Amazon river system but also from the Tocantins river system. The clay fraction are represented by kaolinite, montmorilionite, illite and chlorite. These mineralogical composition reveals the influente of the more them one climatic change. The possible sources areas for these minerals are: the Andes Mountains; the upper Amazon and the Tocantins basin from this work we conclude that the methods of sedimentological research presented here with the studies of the morphological patterns in the northern and northeastern regions of Marajó Island can be applied to groundwater prospecting.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evolução geológica da região de Araguacema-Pequizeiro-Goiás-Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1981-12-21) GORAYEB, Paulo Sérgio de Sousa; ALBUQUERQUE, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro de
The region around Araguacema, Pequizeiro and Conceição do Araguaia, belongs to the Araguaia Fold Belt and exhibits a metasedimantary litological sequence which was subjected to deformation and metamorphism at least in the Upper Proterozoic. Geological mapping, structural-stratigraphic, petrographic and chemical analises permit the elucidation of the geological evolution of the ares. The sequences have been included in the Tocantins. Group constituted of Pequizeiro and Couto Magalhães Formations. Ultramafic and mafic-ultramafic bodies represent both pre and post-tectonic magmatic events. The Rio das Barreiras Formation overlays with an angular unconformity the Tocantins sequences. Pequizeiro Formation is the lower unit of the Tocantins Group and is litogically composed of micaschists, with some quartzites, calcschits, and magnetite-muscovite-phyllites. These rocks represente a metasedimentary sequence derived mostly of pelite and graywacks. The unit Couto Magalhães comprises essentially phyllites and slates with minor metapsammites, metapelites, cherts, lenses of limestones and metagraywackes. Most of these rocks represent an original pelitic sequence. Lenticular serpentinitic bodies of dunitic nature have been introduced in the Couto Magalhães Formation by tectonic processes. All of these bodies are associeted to fault zones and have N-S trends.. They are of alpine type but, they may represent ophiolitic bodies. These sequences underwent poliphasic deformational and metamorphic processes during the Middle Proterozoic and up to the Brasiliano Cycle. The structural evolution comprised three plastic deformation phases called F1, F2 and F3. The metamorphic history included two different events called M1 and M2 with synchronical relation between Ml-F1 and M2-F3, and has a large variation.from ankimetamorphism (west) to greenschist facies (east). Three isograds (sericite, chlorite and biotite) have been defined from W to E, as the temperature grows. In the Upper Proterozóic (Brasiliano Event) ruptural tectonic processes reactiveld ancient basement faults and formed new normal faults and fractures. Hornblends Peridotite plutons; diabase dikes and gabbro stocks were emplaced in the Couto Magalhães Formation, representing post-tectonic magMatfc events. Polymitic conglomerates and siltstonea of Rio das Barreiras Formatian acumuiated in grabens, reflecting the Brasiliano tectonic rellef. In the Phanerozoic, intensiva laterization and weathering have developed in an extensive area in the Araguaia valley with sandy and argillaceous sedimentation along the rivers.