Faculdade de Engenharia Civil - FEC/ITEC

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2788

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 29

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Extração de oleoresina de Cúrcuma (Curcuma longa l) com CO2 supercrítico
(1997-12) CHASSAGNEZ MÉNDEZ, Angel Luis; CORRÊA, Nádia Cristina Fernandes; MEIRELES, Maria Angela de Almeida
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) is one of the most used source of natural color in the food industry. Curcuminoids can be obtained from the roots of this plant. These pigments impact a yellow color and they might be able to substitute synthetic dyes. Turmeric oleoresin extraction experiments have been carried out with supercritical CO2 to investigate the influences of the pretreatment of the rhizomes on oleoresin. The extractions were conducted at the Department of Chemical Engineering of the Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará). Turmeric was dried at 70ºC and 105ºC. Extractions have been carried out at pressures of 200, 250 and 300 bar and a temperature of 45ºC. Results shown the total yield and the content of curcumin present in the oleoresin. Amount of oleoresin extracted from the material dried at 70ºC was larger while most of the curcuminoids remained in the solid material.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Controle Fuzzy aplicado à melhoria da estabilidade dinâmica em sistemas elétricos de potência
(2005-06) BARRA JUNIOR, Walter; BARREIROS, José Augusto Lima; COSTA JÚNIOR, Carlos Tavares da; FERREIRA, André Maurício Damasceno
This work presents a fuzzy control strategy which can be applied to improve the dynamic stability of electric power systems. The gains of fuzzy controller are smoothly adjusted by using interpolation among the gains of a set of previously designed local controllers, according to the current plant operating condition. In this way, the parameters of the fuzzy controller are automatically adjusted on-line, in order to cope with changes in the power system operating conditions. The performance of the fuzzy strategy was assessed by simulation studies, using a nonlinear machine infinite bus bar dynamic model. The results show that it is possible to improve the power system dynamic performance under time-variable operating conditions.in english. Please notice that the abstract in english comes first.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise computacional do fenômeno de transferência de calor em paredes divisórias do tipo dry wall
(2007-06) ALVES, Maurício Coelho; BATISTA, Eduardo de Miranda
The present work aims to give a contribution to the study of cold–formed steel members under fire condition. Specifically, the heat transfer in light steel framed walls with or without thermal insulation was studied. For this, computational models are applied to obtain, with acceptable precision, the values of temperature in any position of the structural system. In this way, it will be possible to describe the temperature distribution (uniform or non–uniform) over the cross–section of the studs that constitute the panel, giving subsidies for stability and pos–buckling analyses of the structural members. The numerical simulations of heat transfer are developed with the aid of computational programs ABAQUS and SAFIR, both based on the finite element method.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuição ao estudo de lajes lisas unidirecionais de concreto armado com pilares retangulares ao puncionamento
(2007-12) FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
Analysis of recommendations to predict the ultimate punching resistance of flat slabs according to the actual Brazilian code, NBR 6118:2003, which does not consider the effects of the internal columns' rectangularity, and its previous version, NBR 6118:1980, are presented. In rectangular cross sections, the shear stress polarization rate is crescent. Thus, the slab failure mode changes, since the punching failure takes place at the column's ends, without compromizing the larger sides, as recommended by the new version of the code. This behavior tends to reduce the ultimate punching resistance of flat slabs when the normative estimates are compared. In addition to the results from the two codes, are presented a numerical analysis by the Finite Element Method and a proposal to improve the ductility of flat slabs based on the minimal dimensions for rectangular columns. The results showed that the NBR 6118:2003 estimates can be improved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Monitoramento de pilares em edifícios altos de concreto armado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06) NAHUM, Kelly Ataide Rodrigues; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
The structural behavior simulated by computer programs can be very different from reality, once the adapted loading distribution (regular) is far from the real one, and this disparity becomes more significant in high buildings because of vertical and horizontal actions which contribute to the global effects of second order for columns, making accuracy in the calculation of great importance for the stability of the overall structure. In this work are presented loads for a high building simulated using the commercial software CAD/TQS and the loads from the monitoring of 7 columns that received 3 extra bars along their height in two levels before concreting. In the steel bars were set electric strain gages to measure the strains. The data acquisition was performed through 1 module “Spider” that gets and stores the read- ings. The measurements were executed in periods previously chosen until the end of the structure building, including upper reservoir. The computation loads for the columns were satisfactory when compared to the loads from the strains and characteristic mechanical properties of the materials.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise estática e dinâmica de uma ponte ferroviária em concreto armado localizada na Estrada de Ferro Carajás
(Instituto Brasileiro do Concreto, 2010-09) TEIXEIRA, Ritermayer Monteiro; AMADOR, Sandro Diord Rescinho; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
This work presents results of static and dynamic analysis carried out on 593 m length bridge along Carajás railroad in Maranhão state. The bridge's behavior became important due to some changes over the static and dynamic loads once the future train will be heavier. Thus, a mathematic model was developed using the finite element method basis to evaluate its behavior and "in loco" structural moni- toring to get data as strains and vibrations when the trains go through. Several high precision accelerometers and strains gauges were placed along the slab, beams and columns. Numerical and experimental results are shown and the main conclusions validating the applied methodology are presented as well.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do tipo, tamanho e teor de agregado graúdo no módulo de deformação do concreto de alta resistência
(2011) POMPEU NETO, Bernardo Borges; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; RAMOS, Danielle
Concrete, material with heterogeneous and complex composition, is the main structural material applied in the construction industry. From the structural point of view its main property is the mechanical strength. The behavior of concrete based on conceptual studies of granular resistance can lead to a safer structural design and better use of the material. This paper presents the results of a study conducted to evaluate the effects of type, size and content of coarse aggregates on the modulus of deformation of high strength concretes. The concrete mixture studied contains basalt or granite aggregates with maximum dimensions of 9.5 mm and 19.0 mm and water/cement ratio of 0.35. The deformation modulus of the material was determined using the linear length of Load-CMOD curve (displacement of the crack mouth opening) from three point bending tests performed using a middle span cracked beam, following the propositions made by the RILEM 89-FMT technical committee.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Lajes lisas nervuradas de concreto armado ao cisalhamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10) SOUZA, Shirley do Socorro Melo de; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
The structural systems with waffle flat slabs are the most used in Brazil when the main requirement is flexible "layouts" and long spans with reasonable economy. However, few studies have been developed in Brazil regarding the behavior of these slabs when the flexural resistance is satisfactory and the shear in the ribs and punching resistances become competitive. This work shows the experimental analysis of 8 two-way reinforced concrete waffle flat slabs under centered load. The dimensions of the slabs were the same and equal to 1800 mm x 1800 mm x 140 mm. The ribs were 80 mm (height) by 50 mm (width) and the compressive concrete strength was approximately 40 MPa. The experimental results were compared to those estimated by the Brazilian code NBR 6118:2003. It was verified that the resistance of the ribs is not satisfactorily estimated by the code, which excessively underestimates the results for ribs with and without shear reinforcement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comportamento de blocos cerâmicos estruturais produzidos a partir da mistura de lama vermelha e argila
(2011-12) MACÊDO, Alcebíades Negrão; COSTA, Diogo Henrique Pereira e; TRINDADE, Sandro Roberto dos Santos
The use of new techniques for waste reuse has become increasingly important in construction, especially when it deals with the use of waste from other industries and reduction on the consumption of natural materials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of red mud (LV) waste, alumina metallurgical residue, on the production of structural ceramic blocks. The production of the blocks was carried out at a ceramic industry, using a mixture of 60% of red mud and 40% of clay. After the production of blocks, tests were conducted according to technical standards, such as water absorption and simple axial compression. From the analysis of the results, the conclusion was made that that structural blocks, made from the mixture of clay and LV, complied the standard parameters related to the rate of water absorption and compressive strength, and that the strength of theses blocks was significantly higher than those made from 100% clay.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Behavior prediction models and control charts for safety control of concrete dams
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06) LOPES, Romulo Antonio Chaves; SANTOS, Eurípedes Pinheiro dos; VELOSO, Luís Augusto Conte Mendes
This paper presents a study for improving measurement procedures on concrete dams based on the development of behavior prediction models using multiple regression and control charts. The series of displacements of the TA-2 concrete block crest of the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Power Plant, the largest Brazilian hydroelectric power plant, was taken as an example of application. The methodology that was used generated a behavior prediction model that is in good agreement with the measured displacements. Two types of control charts were tested, both of which identified the change in structural behavior of the block.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Concretes with red mud coarse aggregates
(2012-06) OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; ROSSI, Carlos Rodrigo Costa
Red mud (RM) is a mineral waste, residue of the Bayer process used to obtain alumina from bauxite. While the exploration of rolled pebble damages the environment and is much more controlled by the government, the huge RM disposal areas do not stop increasing and polluting soil, rivers and groundwater sources in Amazon. In this work, the material mixtures used to produce coarse aggregates presented up to 80% of RM, 30% of metakaolin and 30% of active silica as recycled waste. Several tests were carried out to determine the aggregates physical properties and to evaluate the mechanical performance of the concretes with the new aggregates, including hydraulic abrasion strength, and the results were compared to the reference ones, i.e. rolled pebble concretes. Additionally, the sintering process neutralizes any toxic substance as occur in some RM products like tiles and bricks, and these results have encouraged an industrial or semi-industrial production of RM aggregates for concretes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Chapas de cimento-madeira com resíduos da indústria madeireira da Região Amazônica
(2012-06) MACÊDO, Alcebíades Negrão; SOUZA, Alberto Alexandre Costa e; POMPEU NETO, Bernardo Borges
The aim of this study was to to evaluate the use of waste from the timber industry of the Brazilian Amazon Region in the production of wood-cement composites. The compatibility of six Amazon hardwood native species with cement CP V ARI was assessed through axial compression tests in cylindrical specimens. The waste was used was only treated by washing in hot water for two hours. The ratio cement/wood was 3:1 in mass, along with aluminum sulfate curing accelerators at 3%, and calcium chloride curing accelerators at 3% and 5%. The results of the axial compression tests indicated the potential use of waste for three species combined with calcium chloride curing accelerator treatment at 5%. Wood-cement particleboards were made with waste of the species Cedrela odorata L. (Cedar), Vochysia maximum Ducke (Quaruba), Hymenaea courbaril L. (Jatoba) and a mixture of them. The test results of the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards showed that all had adequate characteristics for the purpose, and the Cedar species particleboards presented the best performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Punching strength of reinforced concrete flat slabs without shear reinforcement
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10) SACRAMENTO, Paulo Victor Prazeres; FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; MELO, Guilherme Sales Soares de Azevedo
Punching strength is a critical point in the design of flat slabs and due to the lack of a theoretical method capable of explaining this phenomenon, empirical formulations presented by codes of practice are still the most used method to check the bearing capacity of slab-column connections. This paper discusses relevant aspects of the development of flat slabs, the factors that influence the punching resistance of slabs without shear reinforcement and makes comparisons between the experimental results organized in a database with 74 slabs carefully selected with theoretical results using the recommendations of ACI 318, EUROCODE 2 and NBR 6118 and also through the Critical Shear Crack Theory, presented by Muttoni (2008) and incorporated the new fib Model Code (2010).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fatigue lifetime of a RC bridge along the Carajás railroad
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10) SANTOS, Régis Rivo Ferreira dos; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the results obtained with a methodology used to characterize the concrete and to evaluate the structural safety against fatigue of the reinforced concrete bridge number 50A located in the Carajás railroad. An “in situ” inspection was carried out in order to assess the evolution of damage in structural elements, with reference to information available in existing projects, calculation memory and reporting of previous inspections. Extractions of concrete testimonies, alkalinity tests, sclerometry, pacometry and laboratory tests were also performed to characterize the materials mechanically and estimate the structural behavior of the bridge under higher future loads.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Técnica de controle preditivo baseado em modelo aplicada ao controle de tensão de um gerador síncrono - resultados experimentais
(2012-10) MOUTINHO, Marcelo Nascimento; BARRA JUNIOR, Walter; COSTA JÚNIOR, Carlos Tavares da; BARREIROS, José Augusto Lima
This paper presents the results of the experimental evaluation of a digital self-tuning predictive control methodology applied to the voltage control of a small-scale energy generation system. A recursive estimator based on the well known least-squares method is used in the identification stage of the proposed controller. The stage for calculation of the signal control method is performed with the Generalized Predictive Controller (GPC) algorithm. The experimental evaluation was performed using step perturbations applied in different operating conditions of the studied power system. For comparison purposes, the results of the evaluation of a self-tuning controller using the pole-placement method for the control signal formulation and three digital controllers with fixed parameters also will be presented.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Punching resistance of internal slab-column connections with double-headed shear studs
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10) OLIVEIRA, Marcos Honorato de; PEREIRA FILHO, Manoel José Mangabeira; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; MELO, Guilherme Sales Soares de Azevedo
Punching shear is a brittle failure mode that may occur in slab-column connections, which may be prevented by using shear reinforcement in the slab-column connection. This paper presents comparisons between experimental results of 36 tests in internal slab-column connections with double- headed shear studs, which are largely used in North America, Europe and Asia, with theoretical results using recommendations presented by ACI 318, NBR6118, Eurocode 2 and also the Critical Shear Crack Theory (CSCT).Considering the database used it is possible to observe that ACI 318 presents conservative trends, whereas NBR 6118 showed a low coefficient of variation, but with a large number of unsafe results. Both Eurocode 2 and CSCT showed satisfactory results with Eurocode 2 presenting slightly higher performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do desenvolvimento de competências gerenciais na construção civil através do modelo da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas adaptado ao contexto organizacional
(2014-03) MARTINS, Vitor William Batista; NEVES, Renato Martins das; MACÊDO, Alcebíades Negrão
Continuous changes in the civil engineering scenario, and consequently in construction production management require engineers with a different profile, resulting in the need of new competences, related to innovation, customer focus, planning and control, quality management systems, sustainability and a humanistic vision. The main goal of this article is to identify the competences developed in a construction company through the implementation of problem-based learning adapted to the organizational context. The strategy applied in this study was action research, in which researchers work with practitioners to improve the way they understand and solve problems. The results obtained involve the development of competences related to the organizational context, individual, collective and organizational learning process, pointing out problems and possible managerial solutions in the company. By developing managerial competences, a sustainable and humanistic vision, with client focus was stimulated, besides improvements in the quality management system. Some problems were identified in the organizational management system, making evident the need to create an environment that facilitates information exchange among the different sectors of the company.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resistência ao cisalhamento de lajes nervuradas unidirecionais de concreto armado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08) SOUZA, Wallace Maia de; CAETANO, Thiago Rodrigues Gonçalves; FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
The shear strength of one-way reinforced concrete ribbed slabs without stirrups in the ribs is still controversial when its estimate does not consider the contribution of the monolithic flange. To contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of these slabs were fabricated in the laboratory 8 one-way reinforced concrete ribbed slab panels where the main variables were the distance between the ribs and the thickness of the flange. The normative recommendations of NBR 6118, ACI 318 and EUROCODE 2 for the ultimate resistance of these slabs were evaluated. The experimental results showed an increase of shear strength with increasing thickness of the flange, also resulting in greater reinforcement strains and higher deflections.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Lajes lisas nervuradas bidirecionais com furos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08) MATEUS, Gustavo Menezes; AGUIAR, Amaury José Oliveira de; FERREIRA, Maurício de Pina; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
The position of pipes and hoses for several installations still deserves special attention from designers mainly when the failure mode can be modified due to changes in behavior. This work compares experimental results of six two-way reinforced concrete ribbed flat slabs with rectangular holes close to the column and without shear reinforcement with the estimates obtained from codes ACI 318 and NBR 6118 equations. All slabs were casted and tested in the Civil Engineering Laboratory of UFPA and had dimensions of 1.800 mm x 1.800 mm x 150 mm and were submitted to central loading applied through 120 mm side square steel plates simulating the columns. EPS was used as inert material and the ribs were spaced 250 mm with 130 mm height and 75 mm average wide. The results showed that the codes’ shear equations estimates agree when the ribs are considered as beam and also for punching shear, but trend to be safer when the slabs present two shafts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Structural assessment of a RC Bridge over Sororó river along the Carajás railway
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04) MATOS, José Cristino Lima de; BRANCO, Vitor Hugo Lopes; MACÊDO, Alcebíades Negrão; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de
The Carajás railway is operated by Vale SA and is used to transport the Brazilian production of iron ore mine located in the state of Pará until Itaqui harbor in Maranhão state. With 892 km in length, the railway will be doubled due to the prospect of increased production, which requires verification of the structures of bridges to ensure safety under loading up to 23% larger. The railway bridge in reinforced concrete has five hyperstatic spans with 25 m long and was built over Sororó river in the southeast of Pará. To better evaluate its structural performance under current loadings, several structural elements were monitored with strain gages and the concrete was characterized by non-destructive and destructive testing on the structure. This information was used in a computer model to estimate the future structural behavior. The methodology was satisfactory as the estimated structural performance for future loadings, meeting the recommendations of the Brazilian technical standards.