Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular - PPGNBC/ICB

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2374

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular (PPGNBC) é parte integrante do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), sendo constituído por: Mestrado e Doutorado em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, com área de concentração em Neurociências ou Biologia Celular.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 355

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparação cromossômica intrapopulacional da espécie Tayassu tajacu criada em cativeiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-04-13) SOUZA, Patrícia Carvalho de; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
The collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) is found from southern United States to northern Argentina. In Brazil, it ranges all over the country and is a source of meat for local people. Thus, a cytogenetic analysis is an important tool to evaluate reproductive efficiency at animals breeding in captivity that in order to commercialization. The aim of this study was to determine the chromosomal number of this specie from animals breeding in captivity of different populations. The animals utilized in this work were from different Brazilian populations: 6 animals from Mossoró (RN), 1 from Ipixuna (PA) and 4 from Uruará (PA). Metaphase chromosomes were prepared from cultured blood lymphocytes, following standard procedures. The results showed the same karyotypic pattern found for others authors (2n = 30 chromosomes and FN = 48), although, not any differences were found among these populations. But, they showed the same South American pattern, however, chromosomal polymorphism were found when compared to others populations, in Brazil and others countries (United States and French Guiana).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização de aspectos morfológicos e ultra-estruturais do ciclo de vida de microsporidios encontrados em peixes da Região Amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-03-28) MATOS, Edilson Rodrigues; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; AZEVEDO, Carlos José Correia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3066639837918744
This work describes the results in the light (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) obtained of the life cycle of some microsporidian species (phylum Microsporidia Balbiani, 1882) parasites of the ichthyofauna of the Amazon region. Emphasis special to the ultrastructural aspects of the different life cycle phases with evidence of the spores was given. The spores and life cycle stages characterized the different genus and species. The ultrastructural organization of the host tissues with the lysed aspects, that frequently occurred, and the ultrastructural aspects of the xenoma, was discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos da expansão de volume extracelular sobre o conteúdo de catecolaminas e a ativação neuronal de estruturas do hipotálamo e do tronco cerebral de ratos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-07-24) OLIVEIRA, Fabíola Raquel Tenório; DINIZ, Domingos Luiz Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601463988942971; RODRIGUES, José Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4243976484500835
The fine adjustment of the volume and osmolarity of body fluids is vital to survival. Any variation in the composition of the internal environment, active behavioral mechanisms, neural and hormonal compensatory which control intake and excretion of water and electrolytes in order to maintain homeostasis hydroelectrolytic. Changes in the range of 1-2% in blood osmolarity stimulate the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) resulting in antidiuresis addition to oxytocin (OT) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) promoting natriuresis. Work done in our laboratory using the experimental model of extracellular volume expansion (EVEC) showed activation of magnocellular OT-neurons located in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) responsible for the secretion of AVP and OT also changed in response this stimulus. The involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in these conditions has been raised. Projections spinal and brainstem (sympathetic) to the hypothalamus could act selectively inhibiting signals for eating and stimulating signals for excretion of water and electrolytes. The role of noradrenergic brainstem this regulation still needs to be better established. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the role of the sympathetic nervous system (noradrenergic pathway) in the regulation of the changes induced model of EVEC analyzing by high performance liquid chromatography the content of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (DA) and serotonin (5 -HT) in brainstem structures such as the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), bulb rostral ventrolateral (RVLM), locus coeruleus (LC) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and hypothalamic structures like SON and PVN. We also seek, by immunocytochemical studies to determine changes in the pattern of neuronal activation by analysis of Fos-HT or Fos-5HT in the above mentioned structures in experimental conditions in which are induced changes in extracellular fluid volume.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da interação in vitro entre Fonsecaea pedrosoi e macrofagos peritoneais de camundongos C57/BL6 e BALB/c
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-04-02) YAMANO, Suellen Sirleide Pereira; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic, subcutaneous, granulomatous infection caused by traumatic implantation in the skin of several dematiaceous fungi, usually Fonsecaea pedrosoi. Brazil has second highest disease prevalence in the world and Para State is the most endemic area. Histologically, CBM is characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells and sclerotic cells can be found engulfed by macrophages. The objective of this study was to analyze the different aspects of interaction between peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c or C57/BL6 mice with F. pedrosoi conidia or sclerotic cells, calculating infection, phagocytosis and cellular fusion rates. The results showed phagocytosis and infection rates with conidia higher than sclerotic cells to BALB/c (p <0.05), while the rate of cellular fusion was higher for sclerotic cells interaction, with Langhans giant cells formation, in comparison to foreign-body giant cells after interaction with conidia. Macrophages from BALB/c co-cultured with conidia produced more TNF-α than control group after 3 to 72 hours, and more IL-10 after 3h. Macrophages interacting with sclerotic cells produced more TNF-α than control group after 1h and 3h, and the amount of IL-10 was higher after 72h of interaction. In the co-culture of C57/BL6 macrophages with conidia, the presence of large vacuoles after 24h was observed, while in the coculture with sclerotic cells, macrophages were detached from coverslip glasses after 24 h. Our results indicate higher levels of TNF-α after interaction of conidia compared to controls at 1 and 72 h and increase of IL-10 after 48h. However, after interaction with sclerotic cells, only IL-10 differed from control, being higher after 1 to 48 hours. All of these data suggest that macrophage response to fungus is different between BALB/c and C57/BL6 mice, differing also on the response of the same type macrophage for each fungal form, sclerotic cells apparently being more immunogenic than conidia.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modulação imunológica in vitro de células de Langerhans e macrófagos por drogas utilizadas no manejo de reações hansênicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-04-03) CAMPELO, Simone Rodrigues; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Langerhans cells (LCs) are localized in the epidermis and performs a key role in the induction of immune response and immunologic tolerance. Macrophages are phagocytic cells that act as first line of defense of the organism, and they are involved in the granuloma formation in patients with leprosy. The immunopathogeny of the cellular response in the reactional states is yet little studied, however, several evidences suggest that the drugs prednisone, thalidomide, cyclosporine and amitriptyline, used in the control of leprosy reactions, perform their effects by the modulation of different immunocompetent cells functions. The objective of the present study was to analyze in vitro action of prednisone, thalidomide, cyclosporine and amitriptyline on the cytokine production by LCs and macrophages of BALB/c mice. LCs were isolated, purified and cultivated from the epidermis by the panning technique and macrophages were isolated by the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice. After 36 h of treatment with the drugs, the levels of TNF-, IL-12 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Prednisone, thalidomide, cyclosporine and amitriptyline inhibited TNF- produced by LCs, in both concentrations, however no important alterations in IL-12 production were detected. TNF- and IL-12 production by macrophages was also decreased after treatment, but IL-10 levels were not modified for none of the drugs tested. Our results show that these drugs can modulate the immune response by the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF- and IL-12 by purified epidermal LCs and peritoneal macrophages, indicating that they constitute an important target for the drugs used in treatment of leprosy reactional states.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos protetores da prolactina em cultivo glial de córtex de ratos expostos ao metilmercúrio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-04-04) SANTOS, Andréa Cristina Monteiro dos; DINIZ, Domingos Luiz Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601463988942971
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a compound highly neurotoxic and its degenerative mechanisms are not very clear yet. In Central Nervous System, MeHg is mostly uptake by astrocytes, decreasing neuronal exposition. Studies demonstrated that prolactin (PRL) has mitogenic effects on astrocytes and it can regulate pro-inflammatories cytokines expression. The aim of this work was to verify the protective effects of PRL on disturbs provoked by MeHg on cellular viability, morphology, GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) expression, mitogenesis and release of interleukin-1β in glia primary culture of cerebral cortex of newborn rats, with astrocytes in focus. Glia primary culture were exposed to differents concentrations of MeHg (0,1, 1, 5 e 10 μM) in differents time intervals (2, 4, 6, 18 e 24 h) in medium with fetal bovine serum 10%. Results demonstrated progressive decreasing of 20% e 62% on cellular viability after exposed to 5 e 10 μM MeHg for 24 h, respectively, by MTT [3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay and disturbs in the GFAP expression and distribution. Differents concentrations of PRL (0.1, 1 e 10 nM) were added in free serum medium to evaluate it proliferative action. This was confirmed by mitogenesis induction around 4.5x in 18h at 10 mM PRL. In this conditions (free serum) were evaluated the effects of co-treatment of 1 nM PRL + 5 μM MeHg on cellular viability, morphology, GFAP expression, mitotic index and release of IL-1β. PRL attenuated disturbs caused by MeHg, increasing viability in 33%, GFAP expression, cellular proliferation (4x), and attenuating morphologic alterations like nuclear picnosis and lisis. These findings prove that PRL can act like a cytoprotective agent in primary culture of glia, particularly in astrocytes, in addition to its mitogenic effects.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelo de doença de parkinson em camundongos baseado na injeção unilateral 6-hidroxidopamina no estriado: caracterização do curso temporal das alterações comportamentais e da degeneração nigroestriatal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-07-03) CARDOSO, Váldina Solimar Lopes; YAMADA, Elizabeth Sumi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7240314827308306
Parkinson‘s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that affects mainly elderly people. It is characterized by the progressive cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal system, which causes the development of the classic tetrad of symptoms: resting tremor, muscular rigidity, bradikynesia and postural instability. There is evidence that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of the disease. In order to better understand the mechanisms undelying this disease, several animal models have been used to mimic some aspect of the dopaminergic degeneration. The intracerebral injection of 6-OHDA has been one of the most used PD model. This toxin is preferentially injected into the striatum or in the substantia nigra to provoke a selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons from the nigrostriatal pathway. When a unilateral injection is used, the animals display a stereotypical rotational behavior after pharmacological induction, and such behavior has been largely used as a measure of the degree of nigroestriatal degeneration. This model is well characterized in rats and has been an useful tool to test neuroprotective therapies. Mice, as much as rats, are also largely used in studies of DP, but the 6-OHDA model has not been well described. The objective of the present work was to improve the characterization of the hemiparkinsonism model based on a single unilateral intraestriatal injection of 6-OHDA in C57BL6 mice, to provide a more detailed evaluation of the temporal course of the neuronal dopaminergic degeneration in the substantia nigra and to establish the degree of correlation between the degeneration and behavioral changes. Our results showed that a single injection of 10 μg of 6-OHDA into the striatum causes progressive degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons dependent of survival time, and that there is a high correlation between the rate of degeneration and the rotational behavior induced by apomorphine. Spontaneous motor behaviors such as ambulation and rearing had a lower correlation with the degeneration. Therefore, we suggest that the rotational behavior induced by apomorphine provides a good measure of the degree of asymmetry in the nigrostriatal pathway of mice with 6- OHDA-induced hemiparkinsonism and that it can indeed be an useful tool in experiments to test therapies with neuroprotective potential for Parkinson’s disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neurodegeneração crônica em modelo murino: ensaios comportamentais e neuropatológicos na doença prion em fêmeas adultas de camundongos albinos suíços
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-30) OLIVEIRA, Roseane Borner de; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286
In the present report we described behavioral and neuropathological changes induced by ME7 prion agent inoculated into CA1 of the albino Swiss mice and confirmed previous descriptions in the murine model of prion disease C57Bl6J with two exceptions: 1) septal region present higher level of microglial activation and reactive astrocytosis 2) disease progression (from inoculation to death) is 4 weeks longer and on average, early behavioral changes start correspondently 4 weeks later in albino Swiss mice. Neuronal counts did not reveal any significant changes between the experimental groups. Comparative analysis of activated microglia and perineuronal nets by optical fractionators revealed significant differences between 15 and 18 weeks: the microglial total number increased in this period of time whereas perineuronal nets decreased (t test, two-tailed analysis p<0.05) Cluster and discriminant subsequent analysis applied to behavioral studies revealed that burrowing activity distinguished the occurrence of two subgroups with differential sensitivity to the ME7 agent: one group (40% of the subjects) where the disease progression is faster and the terminal stage is reached in 22 weeks and another one (60%) with slower progression and terminal stage at 26 weeks post-inoculation. The results are important for comparative studies of the immunoneuropathology of chronic neurodegenerative disorders in general and for prion disease itself.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Indução de escleróticas in vitro e análise da resposta imune dos pacientes de cromoblastomicose em tratamento com itraconazol
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-06-26) SILVA, Moisés Batista da; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic fungal disease witch affects the skin, characterized for slowing development of polymorphic skin, that present infiltrated inflammatory granulomatous in the presence of sclerotics cells, characteristic of this illness. One of the objectives of this study was to evaluate the induction of scleroticts cells for natural mediums, with biomasses of Bactris gasipaes and Theobroma grandiflorum, whose respective species had induced in vitro similar sclerotics cells to those found in tissue of patients, in 10 and 2 days, respectively, what it made possible the production of a powder medium inductor, already donated to other groups that study the CBM. Another objective was to evaluate the histopathology of the CBM in the patients, before and during the use of itraconazole (ITZ). For this, the technique of ELISA for the cytokines was used TNF-α, circulating IL-4 and IL-10, and the immunohistochemestry of biópsias in different times of treatment - that it allowed to analyze the quantitative and qualitative alterations of the cellular types during 12 months of the treatment with ITZ in the 200 dose of mg/dia - with antibodies anti- CD20, anti-CD8 and anti-CD68. How much the cytokines, the circulating IL-10 did not show significant change, while IL-4 and TNF-α had presented an increase of the levels throughout 12 months of treatment. In relation to the immunophenotyping, it had a significant reduction in the inflammatory process and the cellular infiltrated during 3 and 6 months of the treatment, whereas only to the 12 months had the significant regression of the number of sclerotics cells. The immunophenotyping disclosed that the macrophages are mainly located in the areas central areas of granuloma, whereas cells TCD8+ are in the periphery and cells TCD20+, which were found throughout the tissues, with a significant increase after 6 months of the treatment, returning to the initial levels after one year. The cytotoxic macrophages and lymphocytes were having presented a significant increase after 12 months of treatment with ITZ. These results demonstrate that the formation of granuloma in the CBM is similar to those observed in other granulomatous infectious disease, and that the presence of IL-4 and IL-10 can be related with the persistence of fungi in the injuries and with the difficulty of cure observed in these patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da atividade enzimática de quitotriosidase como um marcador para a malária vivax: abordagens bioquímicas e moleculares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) CRUZ, Cleber Monteiro; SILVA, Luiz Carlos Santana da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6161491684526382
Chitotriosidase was the first described chitinase and its physiologic role is not entirely clear, although many studies have been showed its participation as a component of human immune response. A 24pb duplication on exon 10 of chit1 gene results on RNAm frameshift, leading to a 87 nucleotides deletion. This alteration generates a protein with no catalytic activity at all. This condition is called chitotriosidase deficiency and presents a frequency close to 6% of homozygosis duplication in different ethnical groups. Malaria is an amazon endemic parasitosis caused by protozoaries of genus Plasmodium and causes symptoms as fever, headache and vomit, which leads to a characteristic immune response. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chitotriosidase enzyme behavior in patients suffering of malaria in Pará state and to determine the frequency of 24pb duplication on chitotriosidase gene in a representative sample. Chitotriosidase measurement was made in 100 healthy individual and in 47 malarial patients. The molecular analysis of the 24pb duplication was realized in 100 volunteers trough a protocol which included DNA extraction techniques, PCR and 2,5% agarose gel visualization to verify normal fragments (normal homozygote: 195pb) and the 24pb duplication (mutant homozygote: 219pb; heterozygote: 219pb e 195pb). This study described at first time on scientific literature the chitotriosidase plasmatic levels increasing in patients suffering of malaria vivax compared to healthy individual. No association was observed between parasitemia and plasmatic chitotriosidase levels in malarial patients. Molecular analysis showed a frequency of 72% normal homozygotes, 24% heterozygotes and 4% mutant homozygotes to 24pb duplication. Allelic frequencies were around 84% to wild allele and 16% to mutant allele. No correlation was found between genotype and biochemical phenotype (represented by chitotriosidase levels) on control group.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico citológico e molecular da infecção pelo HPV em mulheres do município de Barcarena, Pará, Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-02) NASCIMENTO, Ludmila Marcia Sousa do; BRITO JUNIOR, Lacy Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9705670940390281; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
HPV (human papillomavirus) was appointed by the WHO (World Health Organization - WHO) as the main risk factor for developing cervical cancer, thus becoming an important and very serious public health problem, especially in underdeveloped countries or under development. The early sexual activity, multiple partners and casual sex, smoking, immunosuppression (eg, the population of AIDS patients), pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases like herpes and chlamydia prior, in addition to non-compliance with the measures already taken to prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), such as the simple use of condoms is admittedly associated with the incidence of HPV infection. This research aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the methodologies of conventional cytology (Pap test) compared to liquid based cytology, and to determine the prevalence of genotypes 16 and 18 of HPV in women without HPV cytopathic effect compatible with and relate to presence of inflammatory conditions, or not associated with HPV, with epidemiological data such as age, education, socio-cultural condition of women from the municipality of Barcarena - Pará - Brazil. To do so, in this study voluntarily, 50 women attended at the Health Unit Barcarena - Brazil, through the campaign to collect Pap test as a method of preventing cancer of the cervix. These women were informed about all procedures performed by the body of this health study and the results of this search and only after the volunteers have signed the Deed of Consent, they were included for sampling. The analysis and test results of liquid based cytology and conventional were performed according to the Bethesda Classification and reviewed blindly by two pathologists. For the analysis statistic was used Fisher's exact test and the "Screening Test" to determine the specificity / sensitivity of the methods, considering the significant value of p ≤ 0.05. Our results indicate that the use of liquid based cytology has demonstrated a number of advantages over conventional cytology. In molecular diagnostics (PCR) were observed occurrences of HPV types 16 and 18 in 10% of women attended. Among the cases that were PCR positive for types 16 and 16/18 most of the women were 27.4 years old on average, with more schooling, performing household chores and rural areas, and with instances of co-infection by infectious agents cause other sexually transmitted diseases. The results of this study reinforce the importance of maintaining free campaigns to prevent cervical cancer as a preventive measure in combating this disease, especially in Pará State, where, probably, the epidemiological profile of disease is associated with the large distances that women in river communities have to travel to perform this test free of charge, the type of economic activity in the region, the local bias still exists with the test, and the degree of difficulty of implementing effective return of patients to medical appointments after obtaining the test result and the same routing for molecular diagnosis of positive cases for type lesions ASC-H and CIN I, II and III.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Expressão dos genes C-MYC, HER-2 e receptores hormonais como preditores de resposta à quimioterapia neoadjuvante em câncer mamário
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-02) PEREIRA, Cynthia Mara Brito Lins; DEMACHKI, Samia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568391537270652; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
Breast cancer is a higher incidence of tumors in women, and therefore many studies have been performed since the assessment of the epidemiological characteristics, the dynamics biocelular and treatment of this disease. In evaluating responses to treatment, the risk factors are markers that help in choosing the best drug to use. This work aimed to evaluate the genes of estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER-2 and C-MYC in locally advanced breast tumors as predictors of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We studied fragments of mammary malignancy in 50 patients with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, with clinical stage III and E-treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We used the techniques of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The analysis of hormone receptors showed no statistically significant difference comparing patients with satisfactory response to chemotherapy, the poor and the analysis of HER-2 showed significance only for satisfactory answers, where there was poor amplification of this gene. Regarding C-MYC was observed a statistically significant difference comparing the high amplification of this gene to a poor response to chemotherapy. The study concluded that the C-MYC gene may be an important marker for predicting the treatments used in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise morfométrica do sistema auditivo periférico da preguiça (Bradypus variegatus)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-27) SOUSA, Pêssi Socorro Lima de; FRANCO, Edna Cristina Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5939607544965550; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
The mammalian super order Xenarthra is composed of about 31 extant species of armadillos, anteaters and sloths. The tree sloths belong to two genera, Choloepus and Bradypus, which diverged close to 40 million years ago. The similarities between the two taxa, such as the presence of green algae in the fur and the suspensory locomotor ability, are remarkable examples of convergent evolution. The exact location of the xenarthran lineage within the mammalian phylogenetic tree isn’t completely understood yet, with some recent rearrangements of the placental mammal family tree considering xenarthrans to be either most closely related to Afrotheria (that includes shrews, aardvarks, seacows and elephants), or Boreoeutheria (that includes primates, rodents, carnivorans and ungulates). The aim of present work is to describe for the first time the morphological features of both the middle and the inner ear of Bradypus variegatus and compare them to other placental mammals whose data is available in the literature. We used 13 mature postmortem specimens (males and females) and 15 skulls from the collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Than measurements, techniques were used optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and computed tomography. Within the sloths’ phylogenetic tree, the genus Bradypus is positioned as the sister-taxon to all other sloths. Our results show that the morphology of the middle and inner ears of Bradypus variegatus are similar to other mammals with data published in the literature and they present allometric scalation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impacto da mistura de amaranto adicionada de arroz na proporção de 30/70% sobre a defesa antioxidante de ratos desnutridos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-12-28) MENEZES, Maria Auxiliadora de; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978
Malnutrition was highly prevalent in developing countries, is an ancient evil that afflicts humanity, presents itself as a state of nutritional deficiency, with an overall deficit of calories and proteins, causing a lower supply of nutrients to cells. Some studies have shown evidence of interaction between malnutrition and oxidative stress caused by accumulation of reactive oxygen species that cause damage to the structure of biomolecules due to the deregulation of the production of oxidants and depletion of antioxidant defenses. In this study we evaluated the use of instant amaranth flour added rice at a ratio of 30/70% as a food supplement in the diet base used as a model of Para Induction of malnutrition in rats on oxidative stress in malnourished animals compared to controls and treated with supplemented diet. The model of malnutrition diet (RBDPA) was made respecting the quantities of food consumed routinely by the population of Pará, the second dietary survey carried out in the 70's by researchers at the Federal University of Pará, whereas the diet used as a treatment was prepared by adding the DBR-PA 30% of amaranth flour. The results of proximate composition and amino acid were performed in accordance with the standards of the Institute Adolfo Lutz (1995) and by atomic spectrophotometry. The control diet was used as it is available. For the study animals in the immediate postpartum mothers fed with control diet during pregnancy to rats (22% protein) with a minimum weight of 6 g at birth in the immediate postpartum mother rats were divided into three groups: Group control (22% protein); malnourished group (RBD-PA containing 7.8% protein) 3 treated group (RBD-PA + AA) supplemented with amaranth flour instant containing 11.33%). In the post weaning the animals were separated into individual cages and received specific maternal diet of each group until 60 days old when he was done and sacrificed to collect blood for biochemical testing (total cholesterol and fractions, values, blood counts (red blood cells, WBC and platelet counts), levels of lipid peroxidation and catalase activity. After blood collection the animals underwent liver resection for posterior histopathological analysis. The results revealed that the diet induces malnutrition is a model of severe malnutrition in the region eat north, is hipoproteic, normocaloric with limiting amino acid (methionine), has promoted weight loss in animals from the period of lactation with marked weight loss in rats and mother in the weaning pups (21 days), 28 and 60 days old (p <0.05) compared to animals treated with amaranth and controls. The diet supplemented with amaranth flour extruded promoted weight gain during the period of breastfeeding mothers in both rats (p <0.05) in the puppies as apartir the 14th day of using the same (p <0.05) at 21 days (weaning) (p <0.05) to 28 (p <0.05) and 60th days of life (p <0.05). Malnourished animals consumed more diet at all times evaluated and treated when compared to controls (p <0.05). There was no difference between groups in biochemical values of red blood cells, WBC, platelets, total cholesterol and fractions. levels lipid peroxidation did not differ between groups. Catalase activity was higher in the group treated with supplementation of amaranth flour when compared to both desnutridos.Os animals treated with amaranth as the undernourished have hepatic steatosis and inflammation in hepatocytes. The study revealed that malnutrition imposed did not cause oxidative stress, however, the decrease of catalase activity in malnourished animals may have been caused by decreased synthesis of catalase.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estruturas do olho do Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae): estudo utilizando microscopia óptica e de varredura.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-01-19) BOULHOSA, Silvio Márcio Pereira; SILVA FILHO, Manoel da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2032152778116209
The genus Macrobrachium contains more than 120 species and occurs in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide (VALENT, 1987). They are freshwater shrimp family Palaemonidae and order Decapoda (RAFINESQUE, 1815; LATREILLE, 1802). In Brazil there are 18 species, classified until now distributed throughout the Amazon Basin (MELO 2003). Among these, Macrobrachium amazonicum (HELLER, 1862) popularly known as shrimp quiet or shrimp cinnamon, widely used in shrimp farming. Crustaceans have sensory structures located on the cephalothorax, which allow then to receive the stimulus means to locate and capture food (BARNES, 1998). The compound eyes are present in all classes of crustacean. Thus, this research hypothesis was that in Macrobrachium amazonicum, these eyes are kind of overlay reflective, where the dioptric apparatus and rhabdom extend in layers and are separated by a clear non-pigmented area. In this work we have the following objectives: To evaluate the morphological aspects of the eye of Macrobrachium amazonicum scanning electron microscopy; characterize the morphology of the photoreceptor cells; describe the morphological structures of the eye of M. amazonicum; characterize the morphometric relationships between the eye and other structures of M. amazonicum. The animals were acquired in the district of ‘Mosqueiro’ in the rainy season, in March 2009 and March 2010, with fishermen in Santa Barbara city, the metropolitan area of Belém, and transported to the laboratory in polystyrene boxes, being held in quarantine in a vessel containing a solution of potassium permanganate at 1.3 mg / L (CARNEIRO et al., 2005). The animals were fixed in Davidson Karnovisky then the eyes of each animal were carefully sectioned and placed in plastic. Relations were performed in biometric analysis of variance with α = 0.05, was performed with Bio Stats 5.0 for the lengths of the side of the eye and anterior-posterior of the four morphotypes, and SigmaPlot 11.0 and simple linear regression for the variables eye total and cephalothorax. It was observed that the average size of the cephalothorax, the body, the eye is respectively: 1.03 mm, 70.62 mm and 4.52 mm, and the average weight of shrimp was 7.97 g. The structures of these maximum values recorded were 31.95 mm for the cephalothorax; 100.10 mm body size, 6.80 mm for the size of the eye and 20.54 g for the weight of the shrimp. Histological analysis identified the following structures (Fig. 13:14 AB): cornea, crystalline cone, pigment distal shaft of the cone, clear zone, cuticle, retina, rabdoma, optic nerve fibers and laminates. With respect to scanning electron microscopy, were selected to observe the main structures and especially the arrangement of ommatidia square cross section (Figs. 16 AB). The morphological and morphometric analysis (by histology and scanning electron microscopy) showed characteristics of Macrobrachium amazonicum adults from the metropolitan region of Belém. These findings include a reflective optical superposition eyes fitted with the perception of light stimuli.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Isolamento, caracterização e análise da multipotência de células-tronco adultas derivadas do tecido adiposo de bovinos e bubalinos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-01) SAMPAIO, Rafael Vilar; OHASHI, Otávio Mitio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5547874183666459
Adult stem cells are known for their potential and plasticity to differentiate into several different cell types (multipotency), which has implications for cell therapy as well as reproductive biotechnologies. In the present work we report isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue of cattle and buffaloes. Cells isolated by enzymatic digestion of adipose-tissue biopsy were grown for at least ten passages in vitro giving support to of their proliferative capacity. These cells were also subjected to immunophenotypic characterization to visualize the presence, of CD90, CD105 and CD79, and absence, of CD45, CD34 and CD73, wich are positive and negative markers of MSCs, respectively. In order to determine their multipotency, the cells were induced to differentiate into three different cell types and stained with tissue-specific dyes (Chondrogenic-Alcian Blue, Osteogenic- Alizarin Red and Adipogenic-Oil-Red O) to ensure their differentiation into chondrocytes, ostoblasts and adipocytes. Our results indicate that adipose tissue of cattle and buffaloes can be used as a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), turning them into an interesting option of animal models for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Additionally, these cells may be relevant for reproductive biotechnology since the use of MSCs as nuclear donors has been linked to an increase in the developmental rates of cloned embryos.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Parâmetros da escototaxia como modelo comportamental de ansiedade no paulistinha (danio rerio, cyprinidae, pisces)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-24) OLIVEIRA, Caio Maximino de; GOUVEIA JUNIOR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274
Certain teleost fishes present a behavioral trait of scototaxis, the preference for dark environ- ments and not bright ones. The present work tried to evaluate some parameters of the explora- tory behavior of the zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton 1822) in the black/white tank, aiming to establish the reliability of measures in different contexts. White compartment avoidance presents a biphasic pattern, with an increase in avoidance preceding a decrease (Experiment 1). This same avoidance does not habituate to repeated exposure, independently of the inter- session interval, on the contrary of total locomotion (Experiments 2 and 3); forced exposure to the white compartment does not alter the subsequent exploratory behavior (Experiment 4). These results suggest that novelty is not the controlling dimension of scototaxis; besides, these results also suggest that the preference for the Black compartment is not caused simply by avoidance of the white compartment, although this certainly has an important role. The role of the aversiveness of the white compartment was assessed in a second series of experi- ments. The illumination above the white compartment is an anxiogenic factor, since increas- ing it decreases the time spent in the white compartment without affecting total locomotion (Experiment 5). This phenomenon seems to be due to a decrease in the capacity to camouf- lage with the substrate (crypsis), since altering the color of the white compartment to grey increases its exploration, while altering the color of the black compartment to grey increases the time spent in the white compartment (Experiment 6). Besides, the increase in the propor- tion of the apparatus occupied by the white compartment (from 50% to 75%) decreases the time spent in it (Experiment 7). These results suggest that the white compartment is aversive, and therefore the preference for darkness is not caused simply by positive reinforcing proper- ties of the black compartment. Taken together, the results of both series of experiments sug- gest that scototaxis results from an approach-avoidance conflict. Experiment 8 represents a common environmental manipulation which alters anxiety in rodents, environmental enrich- ment; here, animals raised in an enriched aquarium for two weeks present less white avoid- ance. It is concluded that scototaxis has good construct validity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise citogenética comparativa em espécies de morcegos da subfamília phyllostominae (chiroptera-phyllostomidae) por citogenética clássica e hibridização in situ Flourescente (fish)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-03-29) SILVA, Natalia Karina Nascimento da; PIECZARKA, Julio Cesar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6644368250823351
Bats are a highly distributed and diversified group.The diversity of feeding habits makes the Order Chiroptera one of the highest successes among mammals, being very important, because of these habits, on the control of insects, on pollination, and on dispersion of seeds of many vegetables. The family Phyllostomidae is the third bigger family on number of species into the Order Chiroptera. Among the neotropical ones, this family is the most numerous, being found in the rainforests of South America, especially in the Amazon region, where there is the highest diversity of bats in the World. In the present work it was analyzed cytogenetically a sample of three species of the subfamily Phyllostominae: Chrotopterus auritus, Trachops cirrhosus and Vampyrum spectrum collected in the Pará and Amazon states. The chromosomal data obtained for Chrotopterus auritus (2n = 28 e NF = 52) and Trachops cirrhosus (2n = 30, FN = 56) are in agreement with the ones described in the literature. For Vampyrum spectrum (2n=30 NF=56) we described for the fist time the banding patterns and FISH (Fluorescent in situ Hybridization). The C-banding technique demonstrated a pericentric pattern of distribution of the centromeric heterochromatin in the three species here studied. The FISH with telomeric DNA probes shown only distal hybridizations in all chromosomes of the three species, while the 18S rDNA proble confirmed the location of the NOR observed by Ag-NOR staining, in the long arm of pair 2 Chrotopterus auritus, in the pair 11 of Trachops cirrhosus and in the long arm of the pair 1 of Vampyrum spectrum. The comparative analysis among the species suggests an extensive chromosomal differentiation, with few chromosome pairs being shared among the three genera. Five whole chromosome pairs were conserved without any rearrangement after the divergence of the three lineages. The comparison among the species shows that C. auritus and V. spectrum have more shared pairs between them than with T. cirrhosus. Our results support the phylogenetic association between C. auritus and V. spectrum and suggest the association of T. cirrhosus with the genus Phyllostomus.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Neuropatologia experimental induzida pelos Rabdovírus Itacaiunas e Curionopolis: um estudo da resposta imune inata
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-14) BARRETO, Leilane de Holanda; DINIZ JUNIOR, José Antônio Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3850460442622655
Experimental studies are making many efforts to understand the neuropathogenesis of viral encephalitis. However, a few is known about the Central Nervous System (CNS) response against amazonic rhabdovirus. The virus Itacaiunas e Curionopolis were classified preliminary as members of the Rhabdoviridae family. It was suggested for these virus to be included in a new genus, Bracorhabdovirus. They are neurotropic virus and little is known about the inflammatory response of the CNS against these virus. This study examined aspects of the immune response of newborn mice CNS resident cell after experimental infection by Itacaiunas and Curionopolis virus, in vivo and in vitro. To achieve these goals, histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques were used to detect activated microglia and astrocytes, respectively, in sections of the brains of infected mice. The quantification of these cells were performed in hippocampal regions using stereological techniques. Furthermore, was investigated the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines produced by CNS cells in primary cultures infected with virus Itacaiunas and Curionopolis by using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) from supernatants co-cultures enriched of microglia/neurons and astrocytes/neurons. The expression of nitric oxide was also analyzed by using cytochemical reagent DAF-FM diacetate (4-amino-5-methylamine-2,7-difluorofluorescein-diacetate). As a result, age matched control animals of each group did not present activated microglia or astrocytosis, as well as, both Curionopolis and Itacaiunas infected subjects early after the inoculation (2d.a.i. and 4d.a.i respectively). However at 5th d.a.i., Curionopolis infections significant increase in the number of activated microglias and reactive astrocytes were detected whereas at the 7th d.a.i. after Itacaiunas infection only minimal activation of microglia and reactive astrocytosis was detected. The results from immunoassays showed great production of IL-12p40 in cultures of CNS cells infected with both virus, 48 and 96 hours after infection (h.a.i.). Low levels of TGF-β and IL-10 were detected after 48 hours of infection with both virus, however, was observed increased expression of this cytokines after 96 hours. CNS cell cultures infected with Curionopolis virus 48h.p.i. and Itacaiunas virus 48 and 96h.a.i. showed a slight production of nitric oxide, but it was increased in cultures infected with Curionopolis virus 96h.a.i. These results suggest that the proinflammatory response is dominant in both virus, however, it seems that the anti-inflammatory cytokines try to modulate the inflammatory response of the late days pos-inoculation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do perfil da resposta celular observado em indivíduos da espécie Cebus apella expostos ao carcinógeno N-Metil-N-nitrosuréia (mnu) e tratados com o modificador da resposta imune canova®
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-19) FEIO, Danielle Cristinne Azevedo; BRITO JÚNIOR, Lacy Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9705670940390281; LIMA, Patrícia Danielle Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3411620003450812
The Immune response modifier Canova® (CA) is a homeopathic drug indicated for patients with a depressed immune system, once this medicine appears to increase the innate immunity and induce an immune response against multiple and severe pathological conditions, including Neoplasms. This increase of innate immunity is due to its involvement in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells and mononuclear differentiation induction in bone marrow cells. The chemical compound N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (MNU) is a alkylating agent powerful carcinogenic able to cause mutations, chromosomal aberrations and DNA methylation, that induce the imbalance in the defense system of the cell and thus stop mechanisms related to cellular metabolism. This compound has been widely used in the induction of experimental tumors. The goal of this work is to assess the pattern of hematopoietic cell response in Cebus apella primate species exposed to carcinogenic N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (MNU) and subjected to the treatment with the Immune response modifier Canova®, through the analysis of biochemical, haematological, immune and cell cycle. We had used 13 (thirteen) adult animals of the species Cebus apella divided into five main groups: the control (negative and positive) and experimental (composed of three subgroups). The first experimental group received the MNU during thirty-five days, the second received treatment with Canova during three days, and the third received the MNU during 35 days and the end of this period received treatment with Canova during three days. Evaluation of cellular immune response was through immunophenotyping (CD3, CD4, CD8, T, B, NK) and complete blood count, liver and kidney function through biochemical analysis (ALT, AST, GGT, urea and creatinine) and kinetic evaluation of cell cycle by flow cytometry. Analysis of haematological values of hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells of positive control groups performed significantly lower when compared to the negative control groups, demonstrating an anemia, while the increased white lineage cells in these groups is probably due to the animal's inflammatory response to neoplastic process. The increase of leukocytes has also been observed in experimental groups treated with the CA, a fact explained by the action of this drug, which acts as a modifier of immune response. Although it has been reported that CA can act by increasing the number of neutrophils, in this study we did not observe this action of the medicinal product, probably by the short time of treatment. Monocytes were decreased in the group treated with MNU and risen in groups that received CA probably by drug act in the activation of macrophages via stimulation of monocytes. In biochemical analysis, urea and creatinine were changed in the groups that received the MNU acutely, these changes, as well as those found in the analysis of liver enzymes, can be associated with typical symptoms of poisoning by carcinogenic drugs. Analysis of cell cycle kinetics of animals treated with CA, there had been a significant increase in cell G0-G1 as well as the percentage of cells in cellular proliferation stage (stageG2-M). We found that CA had minimized the toxicity of the MNU in certain haematological and biochemical, we had observed their partially skill to modify immune response, as improve white blood cell count, but without changing the pattern of immunological markers. Then CA is able to restore some hematopoietic system components and can act as an adjuvant in chemotherapy treatments.