Faculdade de Nutrição - FANUT/ICS
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3712
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Anemia em gestantes brasileiras antes e após a fortificação das farinhas com ferro(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-12) FUJIMORI, Elizabeth; SATO, Ana Paula Sayuri; SZARFARC, Sophia Cornbluth; VEIGA, Gloria Valeria da; QUEIROZ, Valterlinda Alves de Oliveira; COLLI, Célia; ARAUJO, Regilda Saraiva dos Reis Moreira; ARRUDA, Ilma Kruze Grande de; UCHIMURA, Taqueco Teruya; BRUNKEN, Gisela Soares; YUYAMA, Lucia Kiyoko Ozaki; MUNIZ, Pascoal Torres; PRIORE, Silvia Eloiza; TSUNECHIRO, Maria Alice; FRAZÃO, Andréa das Graças Ferreira; PASSONI, Cynthia R Matos Silva; ARAÚJO, Claudia Regina Marchiori AntunesOBJECTIVE: To compare prevalence of anemia and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in Brazilian pregnant women before and after fl our fortifi cation with iron. METHODS: A repeated cross-sectional panel study of public health care centers of municipalities in the five Brazilian regions was conducted. Retrospective data were obtained from 12,119 medical records of pregnant women distributed in two groups: before fortifi cation (delivery prior to June 2004) and after fortifi cation (date of last period after June 2005). Anemia was defi ned as Hb<11.0 g/dl. Hb levels according to gestational age were assessed using two references from the literature. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-squared tests, Student’s t tests, and logistic regression, with a signifi cance level of 5%. RESULTS: In the total sample, prevalence of anemia fell from 25% to 20% after fortifi cation (p<0.001). However, important regional differences were evident: while signifi cant reductions were seen in the Northeast (37% to 29%) and North (32% to 25%) regions, where pre-fortifi cation prevalence was high, smaller reductions were seen in the Southeast (18% to 15%) and South (7% to 6%) regions, where prevalence was low. Hb levels according to gestational age were slightly higher in the fi rst months of pregnancy and lower after the third or fourth months, depending on the reference used. Logistic regression analysis showed that group, geographic region, marital status, trimester of pregnancy, initial nutritional status, and prior pregnancy were associated with anemia (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of anemia decreased after fortifi cation, but remains high in the North and Northeast regions. Although fortifi cation may have played a role in this favorable outcome, the contribution of other public policies implemented during the studied period should also be considered.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Validade de indicadores de atividade física e sedentarismo obtidos por inquérito telefônico(2008-08) MONTEIRO, Carlos Augusto; FLORINDO, Alex Antonio; CLARO, Rafael Moreira; MOURA, Erly Catarina deOBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and validity of indicators of physical activity and sedentariness obtained by means of a telephone-based surveillance system. METHODS: Reliability and validity studies were carried out in two random subsamples (n=110 and n=111, respectively) obtained from the total sample (N=2,024) of adults (≥18 years) studied by the system in the municipality of São Paulo in 2005. Studied indicators included frequency of “sufficiently active during leisure time,” “inactive in four domains of physical activity (leisure, work, transportation, and housework),” and “habit of watching television for long periods.” Reliability was assessed by comparing results of the original telephone interview with those of another identical interview repeated after seven to 15 days. Validity was assessed by comparing the results of the telephone interview with those of three 24-hour recalls (reference method) carried out in the week following the original interview. RESULTS: Frequencies obtained for of the three evaluated indicators were either identical or very similar for the first and second telephone interviews. Kappa coefficients ranged from 0.53 to 0.80, indicating good reliability for all indicators. In relation to the reference method, all indicators showed 80% or higher specificity, and sensitivity values were 69.7% for “watching television for long periods,” 59.1% for “inactive in four domains,” and 50% for “sufficiently active during leisure.” CONCLUSIONS: The indicators of physical activity and sedentariness included in the system seem reliable and sufficiently accurate. If kept operational in coming years, this system may provide Brazil with a useful instrument for evaluating public policies aimed at promoting physical activity and controlling non-transmissible chronic diseases associated with sedentariness.