Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido - PPGDSTU/NAEA

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2294

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) pertence ao Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA), da Universidade Federal do Pará. O NAEA existe desde 1972, quando foi concebido como uma unidade de Pós-Graduação e de Pesquisa Interdisciplinar voltada à análise da dinâmica social, econômica e ambiental da Amazônia. No plano institucional, tinha a finalidade, enquanto instituto interdisciplinar, de propiciar a integração da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em suas diversas áreas de conhecimento, além de iniciar propostas de integração de pesquisas e ensino de pós-graduação no plano internacional, principalmente no que diz respeito à Pan-Amazônia.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A experiência educativa de uma casa familiar rural e suas contribuições para o desenvolvimento local
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) ALMADA, Francisco de Assis Carvalho de; PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7038744359388670
The present work consists of a study about activities of the Rural Family House of Coquelândia - Imperatriz/MA. To identify the looked for evidences and the several social actors action involved in the process, the work alicerça-if, mainly, in the analysis of the functions carried out by the Rural Family House, considering that those actions possess a clear relationship with the sistematização of knowledge, that facilitate the social actors transformation in active agents in the actions of local development. Like this being, it is underlined the Pedagogy of the Alternation and its role in the construction of the local development, its practice in the revaluation multicultural of the field and its contribution in the social actors performance transformadora in building agents of its own history. For so much we made a rising of the history of the Alternation with emphasis in its model organizativo and in its pedagogic instruments. We observed that the practice of the Rural Family House of Coquelândia allows to the families not only the youths opportunity to reconcile the work activities and studies, but also, the parents direct participation in the educational process. It was also verified that through the relationship theory-practice the families notice the youths changes comportamentais and its motivations for the studies and, with that, they are impelled more and more to collaborate with the monitors. The formation for alternation constitutes in a factor of fundamental dimensions so that they are processed and consolidate the changes in the relationship with that new reality. It is ended that the Pedagogy of the Alternation collaborates with the formation of enterprising subjects with capacity and critical conscience for interaction and transformation in fact in that live.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A guerra das águas: concepções e práticas de planejamento e gestão urbana na orla fluvial de Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; TRINDADE JÚNIOR, Saint-Clair Cordeiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1762041788112837
This dissertation discuss the conceptions and the practices of the urban planning and management in Belém fluvial edge, using as empiric reference of analysis the interventions realized in it by the Governement of the State of Pará Complexo Estação das Docas and Núcleo Histórico Feliz Luzitânia and by the Municipal City Hall of Belém Complexo Ver-o-Peso and Projeto Ver-o-Rio. Starting from the developed analysis it could be reached the following conclusions: 1) In the urban interventions developed in Belém edge are present two perspectives of urban planning and management: the strategic management of cities, adopted by the Government of the State, and the participative management, using by the Belém City Hall; 2) The existent conflicts in the theorical-methodological plan among the two conceptions of urban planning and management and it manifesting in the landscapes and spaces for them produced. In Estação das Docas and Feliz Luzitânia, find the making of a space marked by the sumptuosness, by the luxury and discriminating. In Ver-o-Peso and Ver-o-Rio, on the other hand, find to rescue spaces marked by the regionalism, the riverside identity and to the use for the social groups excluded historically; 3) Those urban interventions realized in the edge have been promoting the production of a new image and a new landscape for the Belém City, the Waterfront. It is the production of spaces of urban renewal that rescue the river and the waters as symbolic representation of amazon identity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A indústria de confecção do vestuário na região metropolitana de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-09-29) PAULA, Daniel Farias; BASTOS, Ana Paula Vidal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1992388595130579
Based on the neo-Schumpeterian and institutionalist theoretical approach, this study analyzes the expansion of the apparel and fashion industry productive arrangement in the Belém Metropolitan Region (BMR), state of Pará, and institutional tissue from 1991 to 2008. The study aims at analyzing the formation and development of local production, identifying the configuration and characteristics of the production structure and institutional support activities and the synergy between agents. It also analyzes how the forms of governance are constituted and the existing externalities and how these can dynamize the production arrangements development process. This study proposes to answer three questions: Why did not the clothing industry segment develop in BMR? How are the dynamics of the sector and the characteristics of technological innovation phenomena in the sector experienced by small and mid-sized apparel business owners in BMR? How do the two processes, modernization and precariousness coexist in the BMR apparel sector? The empirical research conducted represents 55% of formal employment in BMR. In this process, the non-existence of institutional actions prior to the researched period was observed and this limited the sector's scientific and technological evolution as well as the development of the production chain. This condition led atomized producers to low levels of synergy and representativeness. As a result, industry growth rates were very low and difficulties in finding qualified labor are pointed out as the major obstacle to industry development. Most of the existing companies are uniform producers, but over the past three years, an opening of companies dedicated to the manufacturing of fashion products has been observed. Despite the difficulty found by the industries in operation, a social movement was seen in the construction and expansion of technical knowledge and promotion of the productive arrangement driven by the desire to make fashion, and the action of the designers and institutions that promote this desire and transform fashion into "our thing". The development of fashion in Pará as a spontaneous movement and form of expressing local culture in a way represents the desire to insert local culture in the contemporary consumption context. Fashion is a mean to establish a relationship with the place that considers action in the construction of a local mythology. The issue of the places specificity is of most importance for the markets, therefore, it is necessary to take into account the importance and potential of a market filled with a large number of consumers avid for insertion and differentiation, emotionally tied to the place. Surveyed players point out that to stimulate the development of the textile-clothing production chain, more investment would be necessary in training labor that favors the development of activities already in operation, and that permit the expansion of investment feasibility in a sector of fundamental importance in the history of industrialization and the every day life of human beings in the contemporary capitalist world that has consumption as a fundamental myth. This study contributes towards a better understanding of the sector.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Organização social da colônia de pescadores de Imperatriz Zona 29 (CPIZ-29), Estado do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-11-10) SILVA, Antonio Esmerahdson de Pinho da; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
This dissertation analyzes the historical processes of social, political and economic formation of the fishermen colony of Imperatriz Zone 29 (CPI Z-29), in the State of Maranhao. First, the theoretical base underlying social movements in general is introduced, followed by the origin and organizational skills of the unionized fishermen, since the colonies status is similar of that of an union. The evolution of the fishermen movement in the south of Maranhao is examined. This is the area where the city of Imperatriz is located, corresponding to Z-29 Colony. The fishermens achievements, mainly regarding public policies which favor the social movement, are also analyzed. Upon the reconstitution of historical and economic facts, we studied not only the CPI Z-29, which was established by the end of the 70s more precisely in 1978, when it was created but we also examined the production cycles which developed over the years, in Imperatriz. The fishermens modus vivendi was thoroughly analyzed, covering their habits, beliefs, and practices before and after their legal association, aiming at the organization and growth of an important, but often forgotten class. Along with the study of the foundation of the movement and the organizational abilities of the fishermen, the changes in the economic, political, cultural, environmental, and social aspects caused by the transformations in the organizational structure were also analyzed. Such aspects were intensified by the social projects implemented and encouraged by the Federal Government. Finally, we discuss the political visibility of the fishermen, as well as their participation in the decision making process at the municipal level, which is one of the many achievements of the CPI Z-29, since its foundation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Trajetória da Companhia Têxtil de Castanhal: a mais pura fibra amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-11-10) SOUZA, Narda Margareth Carvalho Gomes de; SILVA, Fábio Carlos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3704903975084467
This work describes the historical trajectory of the Companhia Têxtil de Castanhal (CTC), a industry located at the Amazon Region, dedicated to spinning and weaving of the jute fiber, showing how it has standing in face of the jute producing chain in Brazil, sustaining itself in the textile sector for a long time, even in front of many adversities, becoming the national leader in the manufacture of jute products. The period reported in this study was from 1966 to 2006, relating some aspects about the origin and historical and socio-economic points of this kind of natural fiber, with the purpose to fundament a better understanding of the reasons of the founder for the emerging of the Company, the trusteeship of the Pacheco Borges Family, strategies adopted, obstructions, innovations, expansion and market movements.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acessos e barreiras à cidadania: as Organizações Sociais e as novas formas de gestão do espaço público nas cidades paraenses
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-11) BAENA, Silvia Cristina Pereira; TRINDADE JÚNIOR, Saint-Clair Cordeiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1762041788112837; BAHIA, Mirleide Chaar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6052323981745384; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-2019
The growth of the urban population is still a recurring problem that has serious impacts on cities, revealing a sharp contrast through socio-spatial and environmental transformations, which generates a process of territorial segregation. After all, urban growth does not necessarily come with better conditions of access to urban land. In addition, changes in the socioeconomic scope have redirected the management of cities and imposed models and parameters so that metropolises are readapted in order to make them more attractive. This scenario has also been repositioning the role of the State in the production of the city, especially with regard to new forms of management, which involves incentives beyond conventional public management. In this sense, this work aims to analyze the advances and limits of the management and planning model implemented by the public-private partnership between the Government of the State of Pará and the Pará 2000 Social Organization, in public spaces in Belém (Hangar, Mangal das Garças, Estação das Docas and Mangueirinho), from the point of view of citizenship and universal access to the service offered. This thesis starts from the criticism of political administration, which intends to think about public management from a critical perspective in accordance with the method of interpretation of historical-dialectical materialism, of a qualitative-explanatory nature. For data analysis, a triangulation strategy was adopted (interviews, documents and systematic observation), while, for categorization, a logical matrix on the topics raised, using the technique of content analysis. From the data collected, systematized and analyzed, it was found that the State, when using the management model implemented by the public-private partnership in the latter, as a result of neoliberal policies of its management reform project, strategically uses such partnerships in the with the aim of promoting the strengthening of the market, based on a corporate government, moving away from a conception of social justice with a socio-spatial development perspective, which allows universal access for the population. On the contrary, these partnerships, by providing, through contracts, the right to exploit services in exchange for financing and maintenance of the structure, made it possible to understand that the subversion of the criteria for providing the public service, from the importation of economic logics mercantile, with the prerogative that the private sector exercise more effectively the provision of services, depoliticized the relations between the State and citizens. So much so that, with this new reality, in which the company’s congruence, advocated by society’s policy, is universalized, the citizen is now seen as a consumer. In this way, priority is given to the dimension of efficiency and financial return. Therefore, new elements are observed, which make it possible to understand how the strategies, peculiar to the process of diffusion of the capitalist mode of production and free competition, advance in society from this new neoliberalist reason, which has transformed capitalism by establishing a set of policies, rules, norms of conduct and practices, as well as social control mechanisms that expand its influence in the world. This reality has guided nations and their governments, companies and subjects that regulate their actions from a subjectivity structured in the entrepreneurial logic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ações e políticas do Estado e da sociedade acerca da geração de renda na Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Soure/Marajó-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-12-26) SANTOS JÚNIOR, Guilherme da Silva; ALVES, José Moysés; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6500775506186127; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
Income generation is a question that reveals itself plenty of complexities and importance while searching for actions and public policies that permit sustainability in the conservation unit of sustainable use called Extractive Reserve (RESEX). To support this argument, this work makes a connection between the effects of income and the autonomy that rises from it. Besides, it is proposed that, for income to be generated, employment has to be created as well. Various concepts are presented for the historical and theoretical analysis. The link between employment and income is established by means of analysis of the variables collected from field research in Caju-Una, Céu and the Pesqueiro village, the three communities inside the reserve area, the Soure RESEX. Such variables, related to indicators as age, educational level, income and genre, are part of the social-economic profile of the area studied, in wich many social actors coexist. Despite the conflicts caused by the relationship among these actors, it was found an effort to establish points of accordance that facilitate the goal of generating income in the communities, in a way to benefit all actors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adoção e difusão de inovação no estado do Pará: uma análise a partir do sistema regional de inovação (1995 - 2006)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) CRUZ, Adejard Gaia; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829
In an economical context, where intangible factors, like innovation and learning assume a increasing importance in the productive process, the regional innovation system becomes an important instrument of economical development.. The state of Pará reveals an economy seated in the primary production, with low technological intensity and low competitiveness. In order to demonstrate the innovative capacity of the state of Pará in the optics of its regional system of innovation, the research analyses the processes of adoption an diffusion of innovations in three different sectors. Further, investigates the relationship among productive sectors, the university and the public politics of S&T. In spite of the existence of an important institutional arrangement of R&D, the interaction absence among the agents restricts the generation, diffusion and adoption of new technologies, denoting a reduced regional innovative capacity. That condition is worsened by the fragility of the public politics of S&T, configuring a deformed and disjointed regional system of innovation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Agenda ambiental nos planos de governo dos candidatos a prefeito das capitais da amazônia legal nas eleições de 2012
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-30) GALVÃO, Jefferson Wagner e Silva; NASCIMENTO, Durbens Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4086120226722277
This work aims to establish the relationship between environmental agenda and the government plans to mayors of candidates in the context of the 2012 municipal elections in the capital of the Amazon. This study sought to make the discussion from the main facts that contributed to shaping the environmental agenda, from Stockholm to Rio +20, this last Conference as the main reference for the study. Thus, the methodological approaches focused on documentary research and quantitative and qualitative data suggested a number of themes in the Outcome Document of Rio +20, constituting the International Environmental Agenda for municipalities. The formation of this Agenda influence and its dimensions, absolute way, the government plans universe of candidates for mayors of the capitals of the Amazon. It was also possible to see strong connections with the fundamental public policies, such as health and population, sustainable cities and human settlements, water and sanitation, and food and nutrition security. The parties that are located to the left of the political ideological spectrum are the ones that present proposals linked to the Environmental Agenda. On the other hand, PV, party imposing environmental flags, contradictorily shows low density issues on the environmental agenda in their government plans. The study also revealed the presence of the Environmental Agenda in Christian parties linked to Protestant churches, which makes us infer that there is an internal discussion in these religious institutions. Even parties with strong participation in the caucus, supporters of opposing the environmental agenda flags, have permeated the government programs of the international environmental agenda, presenting their proposed actions in the environmental agenda, proving that this agenda is imposed indiscriminately. Finally, the environmental agenda is crucial in government plans, and a device to capture the voters.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Agricultor familiar horticultor do Amapá e sua força impulsionadora no desenvolvimento agroecológico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-18) PEDRADA, Ana Karolina Lima; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
Agroecology is a science with an interdisciplinary approach that has been built over generations, integrating traditional and scientific knowledge, promoting sustainable agricultural practices and building social movements, increasingly political, emancipatory and territorial. Studying this construction is seeking to understand the man in the field and how he contributes to agroecological development. The objective of this work is to understand agroecological family production as a driving force of rural development and how this producer is a key player in the formation and consolidation of a formal institutional environment in the state of Amapá. To achieve this objective, the research explored the forces that led to the institutional structuring of agroecology in the region; analyzed the historical structures of this family farmer, their agrarian trajectories and how they infuse their economic activity, directly influencing the preservation of biodiversity and local knowledge in the region when promoting food sovereignty; sought to identify the rationality and nature of the economic motivation of the family farmer in the state of Amapá and how he promotes agroecological rural development based on participatory strategies. Finally, it also sought to identify the agroecological practices used by family farmers in the state of Amapá to analyze the perspective of organic certification in their small agricultural productions focused on horticulture. The methodological approach used in the work was historical-structural and case study, where the research sought, from document analyzes and interviews carried out with the community leadership of agroecological family farmers and agents linked to institutional technical assistance bodies, about family profile and process of productive. As a result, the research concludes that, at first, the institutionalization of agroecology in the state was driven by local welfare agencies, but that the small production of family gardeners is increasingly present in this construction, boosting institutional agroecological development. The research also showed that the family farmer in the state is a multifaceted and diverse man, and his formation occurs according to spatial and territorial elements, so the family farmer from Amapá can be caboclo, riverside, quilombola, descendant of slaves, descendant of northeasterners , or former rubber tappers among others, making it impossible to reduce it to a single term or category. Also, the agrarian technologies promoted in its agricultural establishments are focused on agroecology, promoting biodiversity and food sovereignty in the state and proposing solidary economies with the formation of short circuits for the commercialization of its products. The research also identified two rationalities with different natures of motivation in the region: the capitalist family farmer, driven by capital accumulation given the growing formation of new social and economic needs; and the organic family farmer, a plural, diverse and territorial man, with a character of resistance, where his main motivating agent is the family. The research also showed that one is not an impediment to the existence (or not) of the other, nor is one an evolution of the other, they coexist in the same space, holding different social rationales and both promote rural development based on participatory strategies, such as formation of associations in order to promote collective practices. Finally, a prognosis was raised for a possible organic concession, issued by MAPA, in horticulture promoted by family farmers in the state and it was identified that 85% of family farmers in Amapá do not use pesticides in their production, 59.8% of family farmers promote some type of agroecological practice, such as crop rotation and/or fallow land, promoting socio-biodiversity, based on their traditional knowledge that is passed on to the next generation. The research also identified bottlenecks for the concession, which are predominantly bureaucratic, such as documentation, lack of a community bank of creole seeds, potability control and water use, compliance with sanitary standards for cleaning its products as recommended by law and strengthening of short marketing channels. Even so, the research concludes that the organic concession for family farmers, horticulturists in the state, is entirely feasible. Finally, the research shows that the family farmer in the state of Amapá is a key element in the structuring of agroecological production in the state and in the consolidation of a formal institutional environment, given their histories, motivations, resistance and struggles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agricultura familiar camponesa no planalto santareno: formas de existência em Mojuí dos Campos-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-09-09) BORGES, Anderson Coelho; FOLHES, Ricardo Theophilo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5612208724254738
Peasant family agriculture is characterized by those families that, through land ownership and access to available natural resources, seek to solve their productive and reproductive problems through extractive, agricultural and non-agricultural rural production. Taking this concept into account, the objective is to analyze in a multiscale way the characteristics that enable the understanding of the conditions related to the decision of the peasant family to seek or not to trigger pluriativity. To this end, using an interdisciplinary approach, qualitative and quantitative data were used, obtained, respectively, through the participant observation technique in two communities - Mojuí dos Pereiras and Terra de Areia - located in the municipality of Mojuí dos Campos and from the mobilization of the secondary database and the selection of variables (land, labour force and institutional context) collected in field research with the peasant production units. Thus, in the light of peasant investment theory, a pattern was identified among peasant families that engage in non agricultural activities, they have restrictions on land, labour or both, while those families that have land and labour force in conditions sufficient for their reproduction are dedicated only to agricultural labour
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agricultura familiar e o desenvolvimento local no Município de Santarém Novo (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-23) MONTEIRO, Sandy Lorena Costa; MATHIS, Armin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365078023155571; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7831-9391
Considering the complexity and challenges faced by smaller municipalities in the Amazon regarding sustainable development, this research focused on exploring the relationship between sustainable local development and family farming in the municipality of Santarém Novo, located in the Northeast region of Pará, the third smallest state, with 6,116 inhabitants. The purpose of this research was to understand the development concepts of key decision-makers in the municipality, including public officials and representatives of social organizations of local farmers, as well as to assess farmers' perceptions of government actions, especially those impacting the future of family farming. This proposal aimed to comprehend how these diverse perspectives influence actions and policies for local development planning, with an emphasis on family farming. To achieve these objectives, a transdisciplinary approach was adopted, employing a concurrent mixed methods methodology that combines quantitative and qualitative methods for a comprehensive evaluation of these interpretations. The quantitative strategy aimed to identify patterns and general trends in variables related to farmers' assessments, while the qualitative strategy explored the development cosmovisions of public officials and association representatives, based mainly on Ignacy Sachs' Theory of Dimensions of Sustainable Development, also supported by the development concepts of other authors such as David Korten and Amartya Sen. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with managers and association presidents, and the application of forms to farmers. Quantitative data analysis used descriptive statistical methods, while qualitative data analysis was performed using Bardin's (2016) Content Analysis technique. As a result, the research presented, in addition to the current panorama of municipal development, a diversity of challenges faced by family farmers, including productive dynamics, labor and organizational relations, technical assistance, access to public policies, credit, markets, and social participation. It was also possible to list the main demands and needs of farmers for improving conditions in the sector. Farmers' assessments of the municipal government's actions on these issues were predominantly negative. Furthermore, the research evidenced a plurality of understandings about the aspects that compose development in the interviewees' view. Despite the distinct priorities and strategies addressed by different groups and individuals, the results generally highlighted a greater emphasis on the social dimension of sustainable development, encompassing elements such as health, education, and income, as well as the need to expand opportunities and capacities of individuals and access to non-productive activities such as leisure. These elements were widely recognized as fundamental to ensuring a solid foundation for individual and collective progress and well-being. There is also a shared perception of the importance of economic, territorial, and political aspects (national). The cultural dimension was also alluded to with considerable frequency. However, some areas, despite being considered important, were less emphasized by them, such as the ecological, environmental, and political (international) dimensions. In contrast, there was also an emphasis on considering more subjective aspects of human development, related to ethical, moral, religious, psychological values, and the strengthening of social relations, which refer to solidarity, respect, fraternity, and community sense.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Agricultura familiar e seu papel na produção rural paraense: uma análise a partir do censo agropecuário de 2017
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-30) CORREA, Alan Tiago; RAVENA CAÑETE, Thales Maximiliano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6291249974166783
Family farming plays a crucial role in agricultural production in the state of Pará, serving as one of the main sources of employment and income in rural areas while significantly contributing to the local and regional economy. The practices adopted by small-scale producers are essential for the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources. Studying family farming in Pará allows for a deeper understanding of its specificities and challenges, providing valuable insights for the development of more effective and inclusive public policies. This study aims to analyze, based on data provided by the 2017 Agricultural Census, the role of family farming in rural production in Pará, with an emphasis on its contribution to the supply of the domestic market. The research seeks to answer the following question: “What is the role of family farming in rural production in Pará, considering its contribution to the supply of the domestic market, based on the 2017 Agricultural Census?”. Employing a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the study explores the nuances and qualitative aspects of family farming's contribution, including the social, cultural, and economic dynamics that permeate this activity, as well as the challenges faced by small producers. On the other hand, the quantitative analysis provides an objective view of the sector's contribution, using data on agricultural production. The analytical method is based on the description of variables related to family farming and the evolution of agricultural production. For this, data from the 2017 Agricultural Census are used, covering areas such as rural agroindustry, livestock, forestry, temporary and permanent crops, plant extraction, floriculture, and horticulture. The results indicate that family farming also stands out in the supply of higher value-added products, such as fruits, vegetables, and legumes. These crops, which require specialized management and are market-oriented, are fundamental to the supply of local fairs and markets in urban areas, establishing a direct connection between rural and urban spaces. This productive diversification not only strengthens family farming but also ensures an efficient local supply chain, reducing dependency on large producers and external products. By focusing on the domestic market, small-scale farmers guarantee a continuous supply of essential products, particularly in times of crisis or logistical challenges.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Agricultura praticada no espaço urbano: o caso do bairro Almir Gabriel em Marituba - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-12) ROSA, Ciria Cristiane da; FOLHES, Ricardo Theophilo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5612208724254738
Marituba is a municipality located in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, State of Pará. From 2006 to 2017 years, an agricultural census was carried out, during this period 11 years there has been a decline of 65% of family production units. That reduction is associated with numerous factors such as: the aging of farmers, lack of interest from younger people, lack of public policies and of technical assistance and rural extension. In addition to these aspects, there was an increase population in the municipality. The agriculture that is developed in the municipality supplies the markets of the capital of Pará and is characterized as small lots – sites or agroforestry backyards – in which farmers develop a variety of crops within urban areas. Almir Gabriel is a neighborhood that used to be a farm and went through an occupation process, during the demarcation of the place agricultural production plots and areas intended for housing were divided. So, the study has the following question: with the expansion of urbanization in the neighborhood, lots and agricultural land are failing to develop agriculture due to other forms of land use and conversion of urban space? For To answer this question, we sought to achieve the general objective: to understand how the production of urban space affects agricultural activities in the city. the specifics objectives are: To get information about territorial aspects, urban areas and the characteristics of urban agriculture in Marituba. To Check the actions developed by institutions dealing with agriculture in the municipality. To identify the perceptions of farmers in the Almir Gabriel neighborhood about the urbanization taking place in the locality. As for the methodological procedures, this is a research with a qualitative approach, with use of methods quantitative data described in tables and graphs, consultations with bibliographies and documents, in addition to semi-structured interviews with farmers and managers public. the areas were sold and incorporated into a process of real estate speculation and there is an advance in the urbanization of space demarcated to agriculture, causing environmental damage.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agro é POP ou a Globo é agro?: relações de poder e dominação através da construção das narrativas de riqueza e dos padrões de consumo pela comunicação midiatizada do campo da agropecuária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-10-14) CUNHA, Larissa Carreira da; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The thesis analyzed the relations of power and domination in the field of agriculture through the construction of narratives and consumption patterns through the communication of the hegemonic agents that integrate the media field, represented by Rede Globo in partnership with the field of the Market and the State. The hypothesis was constituted with the assertion that the belief in the wealth narratives built by the mediatized communication of agribusiness enables the agreement of a hegemonic model of development based on neoextractivism, colonial thought and the Cartesian-materialist paradigm, forging a consumer awareness of society agents. Theoretical and methodological references of the concepts of field, habitus and beliefs of Pierre Bourdieu, Foucault's Power, Kotler's marketing and Bernays' advertising, consumer awareness with the theories of Hegel and Jung, paradigms and development narratives with Rist and Korten, field of development and Amazon with Castro, veganism with Singer and Ferrigno, among others. 103 videos from the “Agro: the industry-wealth of Brazil” campaign were analyzed, as well as other communication materials from the broadcaster, using the media analysis methodology of Leach and Liakopoulos. The thesis demonstrated that Rede Globo, in addition to being a powerful member of the media field, also integrates the market field, these agents being the most dominant within the field of agriculture and livestock, together with the State, whose exercise of power constitutes the construction of standards of consumption and the narrative that constitutes the development model, in a process legitimized and validated by the agents of society, consumers. It was also demonstrated that there is a part of the agent that acts contrary to the rules of the field, exercising an anti-hegemonic consumption capable of promoting a disturbance within the field and the creation of new economic and social dynamics by hegemonic and non hegemonic agents . It was also concluded that the change in the development models involves changing the paradigm of reality, arising from the collective and individual change in consumer awareness. Following the model based on the Cartesian materialist hegemonic paradigm, there is the possibility of real and effective change in economic and development models for a truly harmonious result between economic production, preservation of the environment and respect for the other species that make up the Earth's biosphere. The thesis concludes that the change in the development models does not depend on the ideological change in the control of the hegemonic agents that are in power, and is linked to the conformation of the collective conscience, product of the individual conscience, which is validator of the paradigm.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agro não é tudo: a expansão da monocultura da soja sobre os territórios quilombolas na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-09) DIAS, Gustavo Francesco de Morais; RAVENA, Nírvia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0486445417640290
The Amazon biome has undergone intense transformations in the last two decades, primarily due to the advancement of agriculture. In this regard, the current Federal Constitution recognizes quilombola communities as cultural groups with the right to the demarcation of their lands. However, in the Amazon, this right has been threatened by the expansion of agribusiness. Therefore, the research question of this thesis is how the dynamics of land use and land cover affect the territories belonging to traditional populations and conservation units. Additionally, the influences of the Brazilian Forest Code (CFB), Soy Moratorium, and Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) on the expansion of soybean cultivation in the region were investigated. This study focused on the municipalities of Belterra, Mojuí dos Campos, and Santarém-PA, in the state of Pará, Brazil. In addition to the municipalities, the Tapajós National Forest (FNT) and the quilombos (traditional Afro-Brazilian communities) present in the municipality of Santarém were also analyzed, including Murumurutuba, Bom Jardim, Maria Valentina, Arapemã, Tiningu, and Murumuru. Mapbiomas data from the period 2000 to 2019 were used for the analysis of the region's images. The Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework and Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) methodologies were employed to describe the interaction among the actors involved in the expansion of soybean production in the Santarém Plateau region. Fuzzy Logic was used to describe the data derived from questionnaires, interviews, and secondary sources. The analyses conducted revealed significant deforestation in the municipalities of Mojuí dos Campos and Belterra due to the expansion of soybean production and pasture, which has increased exponentially in recent years. In addition, inconsistencies were observed between the Forest Code and the soy moratorium, allowing producers to advance with soybean production in the Amazon. Furthermore, it was observed that the expansion of soybean cultivation is driven by a series of public and private investments in infrastructure, particularly in road and highway construction, port development, and subsidies to large-scale farmers. In the Santarém Plateau region, it was observed that quilombola communities face difficulties related to access to public health services, infrastructure, and lack of state support. The study identified an expansion of soybean cultivation within and near quilombola communities starting in 2014, which raises concerns among these peoples regarding the preservation of their territories, way of life, and the increasing damage to local natural resources. It was also identified that forest and soybean variables are necessary conditions to explain changes in land use and land cover concerning traditional populations. Therefore, only when analyzed together are they sufficient to explain the phenomenon, meaning that improvements in forest and soybean conditions are necessary to prevent damages resulting from changes in land use and land cover on the quilombola populations in the Santarém region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agrobiodivesificacion de playas y barreales y su función en la economia familiar ribereña de la Amazônia Peruana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-07-14) RIOS ARÉVALO, Michelly; MCGRATH, David Gibbs; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4373475491613670
The present agrobiodiversidad at playas and barreales them of the Amazonian Peruvian it was studied in Muyuy, sector once three hours was located of Iquitos City, the Region Loreto capital. The objective of work was guided to measure the agrobiodiversidad in these expeditious environments and its contribution in the family riverside economy. Firstly, we see than the agricultural activity practiced at playas and barreales them it takes place through a role of production with cultivations of short vegetative period (rice, caupí, peanuts, etc.); this to decrease the risk provoked by the repiquetes or flooding new yearly cycle. Data in the crop years of 1999 and 2004, they allow identifying the establishment of 9 and 2 cultivations respectively, this variation is due to flooding different behavior; variation that at the same time the formation of different environments like playas and barreales them: heights, means, and basses. From now on, we see than optimal barreal environment for the production of rice, it was promoted with agricultural credits - 2004; this implicated logically the incursion varieties certified or overdue ( Inti, Ecoarroz, Jar, Capirona, and Amor 107 ), tender to a fast inundabilidad like the happened in the crop year 2004. The results evidence than communities SPC, ODN, TPZ, CON and DDM benefited with the credits and affected by the flooding, managed to rescue to 10 % of the production expected of rice; find farmers' cases of the communities here DDM and MAZ that used precocious varieties not promoted with credits like the Milagrito also they managed rescue of 50 to 60 % of production. The farmers that established caupí at playas managed to make good use of approximately 10 % of the hoped-for production. The flooding that affected the cultivations near to the period of harvest created propitious environments for nutrition and protection of some fishes and tortoises sorts, this at the same time increased factors or resources of use for the farmers; here, the work of fishing was executed so much for overall consumption and the commercialization for part of some cases found in the studied communities, the more representative like the family shows 11 than as from this work of fishing you got the 2,9% of recuperation on the basis of the profitable calculation from the established cultivations; and of tortoises' capture the 3,1%. It is concluded that the cultivations lost by flooding can be recovered in more significant percentages, if adequate handlings without altering the environments of production be used as it happens with the chemical application of agriculture.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agronegócio do dendê: evolução no Estado do Pará, no Brasil e no Peru
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-03) VÁSQUEZ, Jorge Arturo Mori; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
Oil palm monoculture is increasing in the world and in the entire Amazonian watershed. It is therefore necessary to have a scientific insight on the applied public policies of this sector, it is also important to assess the influence of technological changes in order to enhance positive impacts and to neutralize or mitigate negative impacts. It was used an evolutionary approach to determine the influence of; public policy of tax exemptions and credits (which allowed a strong initial capitalization of companies in the sector), the creation or adaptation of state organizations (to promote the development of plantations), as well as the technological development of breeding, pest management (to increase the production), harvest of fresh fruit branches (to reduce cost and increase production) and the treatment process of extraction palm oil waste (to allow the environmental license) in the development of oil palm agribusiness in the Brazilian state of Para and Peru. A survey was conducted to get some information from the current local farmers and it was also done a historical study on the public policy of tax exemptions, credits and the creation of state institutions or the changes that they experienced, such as the technological changes in this agribusiness. The similar issues found in Para and Peru were: (i) the states with public funds, are those who created this monoculture, (ii) they created organizations/institutions and legal regulations to promote its development; and (iii) at the beginning, tax releases were established to favor only large companies but in recent years these policies allowed direct access to credits to microproducers, it has increased the social base defense of this crop against to opponent ecologist groups. It was found a "predisposition" of the authorities to promote this monoculture and the acceptance of the local farmers due to the permanent "income." It suggested that better public policy in addition to better decisions of the public and private enterprises and the use of superior technology brought together higher production levels of palm oil fresh fruit in Para and Peru, and the increase of planting areas in the last years. Moreover the palm oil waste treatment in both countries is considered as an extra cost and it is only done by big enterprises. It was concluded that the state play the role of player-mediator, which main role was the promotion and development of this monoculture, likewise, the technological development facilitated to the increase of production levels, it supports even more to the promotion of palm oil monoculture in both states.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alianças e desdobramento de políticas para o desenvolvimento local: imbricações na mineração de alumínio em Oriximiná-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-28) PEREIRA, Dayan Rios; MONTEIRO, Maurílio de Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8077335023133373
Approaches on the one hand, the relationship between the local economy in the city of Oriximiná - Pa and their insertion in international trade of aluminum ore. And, secondly, the mechanisms of interaction and partnerships among local public and private sector mining aluminum, represented by NRM Company, vis-à-vis the achievement of a local development project in endogenous bases. The study seeks to understand how the interaction between public interests / private, collective / individual, organic / locally corporate influence on the endogenous development of the municipality. However, assessing the extent of structural constraints, conditioned by the dynamics of trade in the global aluminum ore, the internal processes of articulation for local development. The proposed problem is to understand how the opportunity and restrictions exploitation’s by mine world class improve local development processes. Starting from the Theory Evolutionary, combined International Trade and the of Economic Geography Theory, evaluating their gains, structures and marketing strategies as well as foreign trade policies sought to delineate the parameters of insertion of the mining economy of the local aluminum on the international scene and their inter-relations arising, whether under the guise technological or marketing. In a local perspective, we sought to identify the interactive processes and their degree of convergence between the Public Sector (Via Master Plan) with a view to implementing a development project mediated by endogenous formation of alliances (clusters) that met their respective technological requirements , economic and institutional. To this end, the work appealed to Theories of Economic Growth and Development Systems and to characterize the mechanisms governing the interactions between local actors, and ultimately determine their actions and the social process of endogenous development. The method adopted is the hypothetical-deductive using instruments to collect secondary and primary data. Through a process of computational modeling, and using the reports to the City of Oriximiná Tax, Accounting and Reporting of MRN we sought to further exploring the nature and application of funds managed by both institutions. Evolves also a model representative of the dynamics of the endogenous site and the per capita GDP Hall its proxy using the method of multivariate analysis technique using multiple linear regression. Carries also an autocorrelation analysis of economy Oriximiná with the surroundings from the technical data processing space geographically referenced and the technique of Oriximiná locational accessibility. The presentation of results using symbolic models, various tables and graphs. The conclusion is that the mining activity is disconnected from the process of local growth spillover for not producing and not internalize the bulk of their income in the city due to its competitive strategy. However, the local dynamic constraints also suffers because of its spatial location on the fringes of the regional economic hub and the low capacity and articulation empreenditiva demonstrated by the local public administration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alimento e fome: a contradição no processo do desenvolvimento da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, Augusto de; PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780073D7
Hith the concern to explain the relationship between the production of food and hunger in the Amazon region in its process of development, this thesis covers the period before Europeans arrives until our days. Approaches methodological and cognitive historical, socio-cultural, economic, political, ecological, nutritional (and bromatologic) and public health aspects as a way to understand the contradictions between the existence of food in sufficient quantity and quality to feed the Amazon population and the hunger as a phenomenon presents in large part of those living in the region.