Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido - PPGDSTU/NAEA

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2294

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) pertence ao Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA), da Universidade Federal do Pará. O NAEA existe desde 1972, quando foi concebido como uma unidade de Pós-Graduação e de Pesquisa Interdisciplinar voltada à análise da dinâmica social, econômica e ambiental da Amazônia. No plano institucional, tinha a finalidade, enquanto instituto interdisciplinar, de propiciar a integração da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em suas diversas áreas de conhecimento, além de iniciar propostas de integração de pesquisas e ensino de pós-graduação no plano internacional, principalmente no que diz respeito à Pan-Amazônia.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acessos e barreiras à cidadania: as Organizações Sociais e as novas formas de gestão do espaço público nas cidades paraenses
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-11) BAENA, Silvia Cristina Pereira; TRINDADE JÚNIOR, Saint-Clair Cordeiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1762041788112837; BAHIA, Mirleide Chaar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6052323981745384; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-2019
The growth of the urban population is still a recurring problem that has serious impacts on cities, revealing a sharp contrast through socio-spatial and environmental transformations, which generates a process of territorial segregation. After all, urban growth does not necessarily come with better conditions of access to urban land. In addition, changes in the socioeconomic scope have redirected the management of cities and imposed models and parameters so that metropolises are readapted in order to make them more attractive. This scenario has also been repositioning the role of the State in the production of the city, especially with regard to new forms of management, which involves incentives beyond conventional public management. In this sense, this work aims to analyze the advances and limits of the management and planning model implemented by the public-private partnership between the Government of the State of Pará and the Pará 2000 Social Organization, in public spaces in Belém (Hangar, Mangal das Garças, Estação das Docas and Mangueirinho), from the point of view of citizenship and universal access to the service offered. This thesis starts from the criticism of political administration, which intends to think about public management from a critical perspective in accordance with the method of interpretation of historical-dialectical materialism, of a qualitative-explanatory nature. For data analysis, a triangulation strategy was adopted (interviews, documents and systematic observation), while, for categorization, a logical matrix on the topics raised, using the technique of content analysis. From the data collected, systematized and analyzed, it was found that the State, when using the management model implemented by the public-private partnership in the latter, as a result of neoliberal policies of its management reform project, strategically uses such partnerships in the with the aim of promoting the strengthening of the market, based on a corporate government, moving away from a conception of social justice with a socio-spatial development perspective, which allows universal access for the population. On the contrary, these partnerships, by providing, through contracts, the right to exploit services in exchange for financing and maintenance of the structure, made it possible to understand that the subversion of the criteria for providing the public service, from the importation of economic logics mercantile, with the prerogative that the private sector exercise more effectively the provision of services, depoliticized the relations between the State and citizens. So much so that, with this new reality, in which the company’s congruence, advocated by society’s policy, is universalized, the citizen is now seen as a consumer. In this way, priority is given to the dimension of efficiency and financial return. Therefore, new elements are observed, which make it possible to understand how the strategies, peculiar to the process of diffusion of the capitalist mode of production and free competition, advance in society from this new neoliberalist reason, which has transformed capitalism by establishing a set of policies, rules, norms of conduct and practices, as well as social control mechanisms that expand its influence in the world. This reality has guided nations and their governments, companies and subjects that regulate their actions from a subjectivity structured in the entrepreneurial logic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Agricultura familiar e seu papel na produção rural paraense: uma análise a partir do censo agropecuário de 2017
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-30) CORREA, Alan Tiago; RAVENA CAÑETE, Thales Maximiliano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6291249974166783
Family farming plays a crucial role in agricultural production in the state of Pará, serving as one of the main sources of employment and income in rural areas while significantly contributing to the local and regional economy. The practices adopted by small-scale producers are essential for the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources. Studying family farming in Pará allows for a deeper understanding of its specificities and challenges, providing valuable insights for the development of more effective and inclusive public policies. This study aims to analyze, based on data provided by the 2017 Agricultural Census, the role of family farming in rural production in Pará, with an emphasis on its contribution to the supply of the domestic market. The research seeks to answer the following question: “What is the role of family farming in rural production in Pará, considering its contribution to the supply of the domestic market, based on the 2017 Agricultural Census?”. Employing a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the study explores the nuances and qualitative aspects of family farming's contribution, including the social, cultural, and economic dynamics that permeate this activity, as well as the challenges faced by small producers. On the other hand, the quantitative analysis provides an objective view of the sector's contribution, using data on agricultural production. The analytical method is based on the description of variables related to family farming and the evolution of agricultural production. For this, data from the 2017 Agricultural Census are used, covering areas such as rural agroindustry, livestock, forestry, temporary and permanent crops, plant extraction, floriculture, and horticulture. The results indicate that family farming also stands out in the supply of higher value-added products, such as fruits, vegetables, and legumes. These crops, which require specialized management and are market-oriented, are fundamental to the supply of local fairs and markets in urban areas, establishing a direct connection between rural and urban spaces. This productive diversification not only strengthens family farming but also ensures an efficient local supply chain, reducing dependency on large producers and external products. By focusing on the domestic market, small-scale farmers guarantee a continuous supply of essential products, particularly in times of crisis or logistical challenges.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agro é POP ou a Globo é agro?: relações de poder e dominação através da construção das narrativas de riqueza e dos padrões de consumo pela comunicação midiatizada do campo da agropecuária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-10-14) CUNHA, Larissa Carreira da; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The thesis analyzed the relations of power and domination in the field of agriculture through the construction of narratives and consumption patterns through the communication of the hegemonic agents that integrate the media field, represented by Rede Globo in partnership with the field of the Market and the State. The hypothesis was constituted with the assertion that the belief in the wealth narratives built by the mediatized communication of agribusiness enables the agreement of a hegemonic model of development based on neoextractivism, colonial thought and the Cartesian-materialist paradigm, forging a consumer awareness of society agents. Theoretical and methodological references of the concepts of field, habitus and beliefs of Pierre Bourdieu, Foucault's Power, Kotler's marketing and Bernays' advertising, consumer awareness with the theories of Hegel and Jung, paradigms and development narratives with Rist and Korten, field of development and Amazon with Castro, veganism with Singer and Ferrigno, among others. 103 videos from the “Agro: the industry-wealth of Brazil” campaign were analyzed, as well as other communication materials from the broadcaster, using the media analysis methodology of Leach and Liakopoulos. The thesis demonstrated that Rede Globo, in addition to being a powerful member of the media field, also integrates the market field, these agents being the most dominant within the field of agriculture and livestock, together with the State, whose exercise of power constitutes the construction of standards of consumption and the narrative that constitutes the development model, in a process legitimized and validated by the agents of society, consumers. It was also demonstrated that there is a part of the agent that acts contrary to the rules of the field, exercising an anti-hegemonic consumption capable of promoting a disturbance within the field and the creation of new economic and social dynamics by hegemonic and non hegemonic agents . It was also concluded that the change in the development models involves changing the paradigm of reality, arising from the collective and individual change in consumer awareness. Following the model based on the Cartesian materialist hegemonic paradigm, there is the possibility of real and effective change in economic and development models for a truly harmonious result between economic production, preservation of the environment and respect for the other species that make up the Earth's biosphere. The thesis concludes that the change in the development models does not depend on the ideological change in the control of the hegemonic agents that are in power, and is linked to the conformation of the collective conscience, product of the individual conscience, which is validator of the paradigm.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Amazonas e Pará: promotorias de justiça ambiental x gestão institucional nos Ministérios públicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-23) MENDES, Rosivane de Souza; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
This dissertation discusses the legal defense of the environment as a fundamental right, presenting the environmental justice system and legal institutions used in this system. Brings the history of the Public Ministry (MP), identifying its institutional mission, especially in the environmental harvest. It is observed that the Prosecutor of Justice of the capital of Amazonas and Pará there are weaknesses created in the sphere of management, which affect the performance of prosecutors, especially in the environmental area. The survey results indicate that the MPs performance has resulted in the timely execution of the special environmental legislation, due to the set of administrative rules that define an institutional design that vulnerabiliza the performance of the Prosecutor. This scenario makes it difficult to implement the rules of the game, provided for in environmental regulation, growing the legalization of phenomenon of the environment in the Amazon
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Ar da cidade liberta? a relação entre a universidade e o entorno à luz do direito à cidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-11-04) SILVEIRA, Mozart Victor Ramos; TRINDADE JÚNIOR, Saint-Clair Cordeiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1762041788112837
The Federal University of Pará is an autarchy under special functions that go beyond teaching, passing by research and extension. Within its institutional mission, this research deals with the relationship of the Federal University of Pará with their surrounding neighborhoods, from the point of view of the right to the city, analyzing the bias of democratic instruments to guarantee that right. Therefore, we used studies and concepts of Administrative Law and Urban Law, beyond the categories of autonomy and heteronomy of Castoriadis and the reflections on the right to the city of Lefebvre, which substantiate the conceptual framework of the research. Nevertheless, we worked the categories related to urban development and their relationship to social movements, and the role of the Federal University of Pará in this context. Through research in relevant legislation, direct observation, iconography and interviews with residents of the neighborhoods surrounding the university and also with members of the technical-administrative, especially those related to the Commission on Regularization of Land. After analyzing the results, it was concluded that the relationship of the University with its surroundings, from the point of view of the right to the city, occurs in a complex way. The Federal University of Pará, through extension has achieved good results with regard to the regularization of the surroundings, but as it relates to participation, given the legal context, there are contradictions that limit the participation of the surrounding neighborhoods
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Arte popular na Amazônia (Ilha do Marajó): a salvaguarda de um patrimônio imaterial pela sua reinvenção artística
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12-02) BOUTTEVILLE, Monique Sobral Delamare de; FIGUEIREDO, Silvio José de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2578700144404800; LÉGERET, Katia
The present research is located in the Amazonian region, more precisely on the island of Marajó, and it involves some of its traditional artistic practices: carimbó, traditional dance and music that are caracteristics of the state of Pará and in certain Amazonian regions including the Marajó, and the story tellers. Carimbó artists and story tellers of this island live in solidarity with the local population and produce reference points that contribute to the identity construction of the marajoaras (the habitants of the island). They contribute to the fight against the invisibility of the populations in Amazonia, caused by the strong economic interests and the lack of efficient public policies in the region. The non-recognition, by the authorities, of these territories - which are imaginary as well as geographical and which belong to the Amazonians / marajoaras - accentuates the submission that is imposed on these local population. That's why we question the possible conditions of maintaining these practices on the island of Marajó, as aesthetic and social acts capable of opposing a protean crush and a symbolic, institutional, economic and political purposes. Thus, the central problematic, which we attempt to answer with our study, questions the possibility of a "living safeguard" of these immaterial culture heritages.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da sustentabilidade do desenvolvimento do município de Altamira (PA) sob a ótica dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (Agenda 2030) das Nações Unidas utilizando a ferramenta barômetro da sustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-26) QUINTELA, Patrick Diniz Alves; ARAGÓN VACA, Luis Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2713210031909963
In recent decades, there have been more debates related to environmental damage that has been causing changes at a global level, according to the understanding of the finitude of natural resources. The Amazon figures as a protagonist when thinking about the protection of the global ecological heritage. Given its importance, the largest tropical forest in the world has been contemplated with several projections to preserve it. Altamira is a municipality in the center of the Legal Amazon and figures as a reflection of the main problems faced in this territory. Traditional populations coexist with agribusiness, and both are flooded by large projects, although one side benefits more. The rural and the urban areas also provide the municipality with a contrast that makes it especially difficult to point out or even define what would be sustainable. Despite the numerous conflicts that do not allow this territory to homogenize, this thesis sought to carry out a socio-environmental analysis based on the axes of human well-being and environmental well-being, of multidisciplinary nature, for the municipality of Altamira, based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) launched in 2015 by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and thus evaluate the main obstacles to the full sustainable development of the municipality. To obtain the results, the methodology used is called the Barometer of Sustainability (BS) and is the result of the major global conventions that debate the courses that take the social, economic, and environmental dimensions. The results obtained showed that Altamira has an intermediate level for sustainability and reflects the need for a special look of the government to the indicators related to the great socio-economic axis as well as the need for the elaboration of strategies to remedy and contain the problems related to the great environmental axis. It was then concluded that the municipality of Altamira is far from achieving the goals established by the 2030 agenda, but that it presents breath and has demonstrated subtle changes that are moving towards achieving such objectives. Finally, although limited, this thesis was intended to date a result and create a basis for future research that aims to analyze, add, or even refute results obtained for the municipality of Altamira.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Carimbó é do carimbó: culturaS, sabereS e políticaS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09-30) BOGÉA, Eliana Benassuly; FIGUEIREDO, Silvio José de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2578700144404800
The Federal Constitution of 1988, as the Regulatory Framework for the Redemocratization of Brazil, gives shape to our work through the free appropriation of the organization of this legal text to hold debates of our time. In this perspective, we present our problem in “giras/rodas de Carimbó” as we experienced the process of construction of the thesis in approximately ten years of living the Carimbó organized social movement that motivated us to understand/question the identified internal/external conflicts and whose our concern was to see the people, women/men of Carimbó, that remain CarimbozeirXs even when out of the scene. Thus, our theoretical framework goes beyond the object of research to recognize a Carimbozeiro corpus and, with that, coining what we call the field of cultures and in this social space identify/disentangle cultures as rights before/during a post-coup 2016 Brazil. In the Title III Do Carimbó, we go through the knowledge and policies from inside and outside the scene, meaning that Xs carimbozeirXs interests us more than the Carimbó artistic expression and cultural manifestation widely treated in other scientific works. Our final “gira/roda” takes Master Verequete da Coluna to echo hopes that our work will contribute to understanding and acting in a Brazil and in a planet that progressively tends to transform us as foreigners to ourselves.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma Cartografia do lixo em Belém (PA): distribuição espacial de depósitos irregulares de lixo e o dever do estado para o desenvolvimento sustentável
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-17) GONÇALVES, Diego Andrews Hayden; CORBIN, Hisakhana Pahoona; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3256845970027095
This research sought to analyze the spatial distribution of informal deposits of solid waste (dumpsites) and the State's role in terms of waste management while seeking to foster socioenvironmental sustainability of Belém. For this reason, a mixed methods case study was undertaken, as qualitative and quantitative data were collected from multiple sources. The research confirmed that the spatial dispersion of garbage in Belém does not follow a specific dispersion pattern. In this sense, numerous small-sized garbage dumps are spread across different neighborhoods, especially the so-called peripheral ones, on heavily trafficked avenues, on cycle lanes, on sidewalks, in front of commercial establishments, on deteriorated infrastructure, in front of uninhabited residences, at the entrances to small residential streets, and the banks of urban canals. As it relates to waste management, the municipality has been looking for ways to address illegal dumping of waste in the city, but it has not been successful in solving this problem, which is characterized by a range of socio-environmental, legal, and other consequences.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Cidade & a soja: impactos da produção e da circulação de grãos nos circuitos da economia urbana de Santarém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-06) TRINDADE, Gesiane Oliveira da; TRINDADE JÚNIOR, Saint-Clair Cordeiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1762041788112837
The present work analyzes the urbanization and the production of urban space of Santarém (PA) under the impacts of the expansion of agribusiness boosted grain in the Municipality since the implementation of the Multinational Cargill Grain port S/A in 2003. In the Research the urbanization is comprised based on Milton Santos, who claims the city consists of two economic circuits: the upper and the lower circuit circuit of the urban economy. Such circuits are a result of different access and consumption of social classes especially in underdeveloped countries. Were selected for the analysis, representing the upper circuit, the new products, companies and demands that they enter in Santarém with the diffusion of the grains. For the analysis of the lower circuit were selected trade fairs of the Association of Rural Producers of Santarém (APRUSAN). Such a choice is justified for these being composed mainly of small producers from rural areas, those who have their food production directly hit by the impacts of grain production in Santarém rural areas. In the process of expansion of the agricultural frontier, the State (federal, State and municipal) was one of the main inductors and their actions have taken place through plans, projects and programs that have created necessary conditions for the arrival and the permanence of soybean in Santarém. The partnership made between Cargill and the Santarém's city hall was responsible for interventions and changes in fragments of urban space. Such actions have been developed to mitigate serious social problems generated by the presence of grains, among them: the extinction of rural communities, the urban periphery and the new demands for municipal services. Although the dynamic of the grains has promoted the densification of the upper circuit through the presence of companies linked to the sector, it cannot be translated as endogenous socio-spatial development, once that connect notably with logical and extraregional interests. On the other hand, the culture of the grains at high scale has affected negatively the lower circuit of the urban economy, exemplified by the fairs of the Association of rural producers of Santarém (ARPS), since in its productive process hits the small production through the chemicals products used in the fields of soybeans and on expropriation of rural areas
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Cidade dos invisíveis? Indígenas e impactos de políticas neodesenvolvimentistas em Altamira, sudoeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-29) CARDOSO, Suelem Maciel; PEREIRA, José Carlos Matos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5035063852013346; TRINDADE JÚNIOR, Saint-Clair Cordeiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1762041788112837
From an interdisciplinary perspective, this research meets the theme "indigenous people in cities of large projects". Analyzing the presence and meaning of indigenous peoples in the middle city of Altamira in the context of large Amazonian projects, associated with the neodevelopment model, in the most recent period, is its main objective. In this sense, the urban space is our focus of empirical analysis, being the target of many public and private policies conflicting with the ways of life of a city with a strong link with the Xingu River. To systematize the research, we use the following methodological procedures: a) theoretical-conceptual bibliographic review of themes pertinent to the research; b) historical-geographic revision on the socio-spatial formation of the city of Altamira; c) survey of primary and secondary data on indigenous peoples in the city of Altamira and their ways of life, as well as their significance in the context of urban and regional development policies and the mitigation and compensation of impacts of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant; d) individual recorded interviews with semi-structured questions. With the implementation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant, in the sub-region of the Southwest of paraense and the middle course of the Xingu River, in the scope of neo-developmental policies, many rights of the Xingu-indigenous peoples have been violated. From the enterprise, the movement for rights struggle and specific policies for this differentiated population was increased, especially in the intra-urban space of Altamira, which was reflected in the increase in the number of indigenous organizations and their associates in the city. The set of policies designed for the region and the city to develop and mitigate or compensate for impacts of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant, despite the fact that their diagnoses are attentive to some particularities, such as the indigenous presence and their way of life, has not been taken into account
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Cidade e seus sentidos: análise dos discursos que embasam projetos de requalificação urbana em Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-17) DANTAS, Adailson Soares; TRINDADE JÚNIOR, Saint-Clair Cordeiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1762041788112837
This work investigates the discursive dimension of the urban space of Belém (PA). In this way, the significant body of the city is considered from a perspective that considers it a privileged space for the production and confrontation of meanings, many of which imposed by hegemonic discursive subjects that are not always explicit. Therefore, the objective is to identify, characterize and analyze the discursive strategies and their enunciating subjects that guide the symbolic production, but also material, of the urban space in the capital of Pará from two current interventions of urban requalification: “Projeto Belém Porto Futuro” and “Novo Mercado de São Brás”. For this, Michel Pêcheux's Discourse Analysis was used as the main theoretical and analytical device for data interpretation, and Henri Lefebvre's notions and concepts about the production of space as secondary theories. First, a literature review was undertaken to find the historical and ideological conditions for the production of a hegemonic discourse about the way of thinking, interpreting, planning and building urban space. Afterwards, the displacement of the meanings of the discourses and its materialization in the urban space of the cities were investigated, in a chain that permeates the global, national, and reaches the local scale. In this investigation, a discursive corpus was constituted witch includes documents, laws, notices, news, photos and videos, newspaper and magazine reports, descriptive memorials and 3D images of the project’s electronic models that are the target of investigation. The discursive analysis of this corpus allowed us to discover that hegemonic discourses guide, through displacement of meanings, the conceptions of urban planning and the material production of architectural forms in the city of Belém (PA). These discourses establish a "marketing" and competitive logic, which intends to establish conservative economic growth and urban development models, which are based, above all, on the urban, architectural and landscape requalification of places, aiming at both the economic growth of the city and its tourist projection in a globalized scenario.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ciência do sagrado na Amazônia. Encontros entre a tradição e modernidade nas práticas de pajelanças e religiões afro-brasileiras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) NASCIMENTO, Ana Lídia Cardoso do; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
The cure process by means of empiric knowledge of experience and livingness always been part of social and cultural relation of human population in different context of realities. And the amazon reality as beares of richness and potentiality of sociobiodiversity sustain with natural crativity of religious beliefs framework mistical and magical character. The same, will give opportunity the construction of a scape based on ancestral heritage with the indigenous pajelança interspected of new settings about creative power from natives of Amazon of pajelança and their syncretic and sinthetyc nature of many other influences and the insertion of african religiosity even not being originating of amazon, understand with intelligence and wisdom the knowledge already existent and resignify their religiosity. In this sense, the discution as these, in their procedures and rituals , may generate instituting body that was stipulated to call in the present work as sacred science. In this drawing that this research was constructed in the sense to identify a construction of a scienceas sacred, guided by the light and direction of this religious practices. That not only represents and are identified as religion, but also expand horizon and expand their comprehension of world and religion to relate and be mediator of spiritual entities with supernatural knowledge that are in different dimension of rationa science. The intention of this study was to reach various geographical areas in the same time similar in the construction of perception and religious practices in the paraense Amazon and extrapoling the limits up to enter in the Pan-Amazonia on Triple Frontier: Brazil, Colombia and Peru. Thus, the search field was in the state of Pará, was worked with the metropolitan region of Belém, cities as: Belém, Ananindeua and Marituba; In the Marajó archipelago: Juruti city. And the Triplice Frontier the cities of Tabatinga-Ma and Letícia-Co. The basic theoretical categories were: sacred and religiosity and science on Amazon, indigenous sacred, afrobrazilian religion, pajelança founded to the discution of ―South Espistemology‖, ―perspectivism ameridian or indigenous‖. The methodology adopted has an interdisciplinary orientation, guided by qualitative and documental research , understanding the reality in the multidimensional nature. And, in function of these theoretical discution associated with analysis of knowledge and productions of people autonomus of cure , it is concluded that exist an instituted science, with a body of knowledge , principles methodologies and appopriate techniques were exist people that are benefited and with effective support that the application of such knowledge can bring improvement of live and changes the state of embalance installed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comunidades ribeirinhas no processo de consolidação fundiária do Refúgio de Vida Silvestre Metrópole da Amazônia-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019) BARBOSA, Leonard Jéferson Grala; BAHIA, Mirleide Chaar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6052323981745384
The Paraense Amazon region is mentioned in different moments of global history, among which the ones related to the economic processes that connect Brazil to the world markets. In this context, the period of rubber extraction is responsible for profound changes in the state of Pará, especially in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB). To meet the advancement of this market, large companies began to explore the syringe trees from the tidy planting. As an example, the company Pirelli S/A settled in an area that covers four municipalities of the RMB and established its activities from the local workforce. In turn, these workers and their families had resided in the area since ancient times. With the bankruptcy of this company and after conflicting moments between this and the families employed, the area passes to the power of the government of the state of Pará that turns it into a Conservation Unit (UC) of integral protection whose Management Plan (better known as Management Plan) was elaborated only ten years after its creation (IDEFLOR-BIO, 2018a). The elaboration of this plan has marked a new stage in the life of these riverine families of Ponta Negra and Santo Amaro. This research brings reflections on the historical constitution of the current integral protection unit, which is intertwined with the presence of families of riverine populations, whose general objective is to analyze how the territoriality of the riverside communities of the Wildlife Refuge can influence land regularization actions and/or recognition of public power in the construction of legal instruments. To that end, methodologies related to Oral Thematic History (BOM MEIHY, 1996) were used, which allowed to understand some of the mechanisms that led the Managing Body of the UC (IDEFLOR-Bio) to allow these communities to maintain their residences in the area, with the right to use of the forest for their livelihoods, something unusual in a UC of Integral Protection. Documentary and bibliographical research were used, combined with interviews with the different groups involved in the process of consolidating the presence of families within the UC. From the information obtained, it was possible to perceive that the resistance of the riverside communities to maintain their residences contributed to an initial recognition process, which, however, still needs to be deepened with more permanent guarantees of housing and maintenance of their traditional way of life.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conservação, biodiversidade e bioeconomia: discursos neoliberais e a “Ecologia da Plantation” da soja na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-15) NUNES, Adriana; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-3884
This doctoral thesis studies and analyzes the power-knowledge relations and devices that have created in the Amazon an idea of dominant conservation, with a state character, based on the decarbonization of production processes, changes in land use, and the commoditization of the forest and its biodiversity and ecosystem services. In times of facing the bioclimatic crisis, and the Amazon itself is threatened with collapse, the most recent global political-scientific discourse advocates transformative changes in the relationship between society and nature, notably in the global economic model, capable of resolving the climate crisis, paralyzing the loss of planetary biodiversity and provide sustainable development, a Great Reset. The research object is, in turn, centered on public policies seen as transformative and, at the same time, conciliatory of development and forest conservation in a soybean frontier in the Amazon and at the same time considered a laboratory of public conservation policies, from which new notions and appropriations of global discourse emerge, such as “skills ecology”, “ecoefficiency”, “efficient landscape”, and more broadly, “forest restoration”, “carbon neutral”, “low-energy economy”. carbon”, “sustainable transition” and “Bioeconomy”. The main empiric of the research is the “Municipal Model of Development and Territorial Intelligence of Paragominas”, in the state of Pará, more specifically the conservation of Legal Reserve (RL) areas of private rural properties. The theoretical instrument of the thesis is interdisciplinary, combining knowledge from biological sciences and analytical studies of power and discourse in the human sciences. The methodological options bring together the overlapping of spatial scales, bibliographic and documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews, and mapping of power-knowledge relationships and devices put in place in the name of conservation, dynamic between the State, companies, institutions, NGOs, and other actors. It is argued in this thesis that a new global social order, which not only includes conservation, but holds within it the condition of possibility for maintaining neoliberal practices of domination of space and its resources, is underway. This new sense of conservation, socially produced, offers technical solutions to crises that arise from serious political problems such as inequality of access and use of natural resources, imposing knowledge that promotes market environmentalism, and does not act on real drivers. At the same time, they make invisible the practices of social agents, who through their ways of life ensure biological, social, cultural and economic diversity, becoming dominant over practices based on the common principle. We conclude that the Amazon has been the scene of an impostor conservation, based on “technosciences”, which uses the practice of abandoning other areas to regeneration to destroy the LR, converting the forest and its biodiversity into soybeans and other agricultural commodities; it expropriates and pulverizes local family farming communities and prioritizes actors and sectors associated with export commodities, in public development policies and confronting the bioclimatic crisis. The “ecology” present in the “aptitude maps”, “eco-efficient conservation” and transition/transformation of sustainable agriculture constitutes a “Plantation Ecology” of soy, which goes beyond the region, as it is organized and benefits power groups of instances, organizations and institutions in addition to the certified and traceable landscapes of Paragominas. The results of the five (5) chapters produced constitute an effort to show through which processes the practices that transmute deforestation, destruction of socio-biodiversity and concentration of monetary and non-monetary benefits, in power groups, into conservation discourses are organized.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Consulta prévia no Estado do Pará: um estudo sob a perspectiva interdisciplinar da participação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-11) MENDONÇA, Ygor de Siqueira Mendes; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
The historical process in favor of the rights of traditional peoples and communities runs from the period of the Industrial Revolution to the current hierarchical relations of power in society. In this context, the creation of Convention 169 (C169) of the International Labour Organization (ILO) aimed to break the integrationist character of these humanitarian groups into national society and to promote, above all, the autonomy and self-determination of its subjects. By establishing the right to the Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) whenever administrative or legislative laws affect their way of life, development and subsistence, C169 has also sought to ensure the full participation of these actors in making decisions, especially through intercultural dialogue and communicative actions among those interested in the construction of laws. However, because of the existing regulatory shortcomings in the immediate effects and the means by which the consultation has been realized, the paths traced to the present moment are directed at the ineffectiveness in guarantee the traditional communities rights. For this reason, it is incumbent upon governments to promote adequate instruments to guarantee consultation and legitimize participation, to focus on participation itself, which limits consultation to a mere space for the exchange of information and limits the hierarchical power. Thus, in order to resolve the obstacles of the Free and Informed Consent in a regional context, the state government of Pará promulgated Executive Decrees 1.969/2018 and 2.061/2018. The result of the state's conduct came with the strengthening of the selfenforceability of FPIC's right, which opposed to an explicit violation of the right to participate. Thus, and in view of the need to promote an up-to-date look at the Free and Informed Consent right, it is the general objective of this dissertation to analyze government conduct in contraposition to the right to FPIC, specially participation. Therefore, from an interdisciplinary approach, the methodological procedures are based on a research of a qualitative nature and constructed through the hypothetical-deductive method. The research procedure adopted was the study case and the research techniques were focused on the collection of documentary, bibliographic data and interviews with two representatives of traditional communities of Para. From this methodological structure, it was possible to conclude by the misguided and contradictory conduct of the Para government, that the violation of the C169 proved to be uncontroversial, especially in light of the prior and proper participation. In addition, it was concluded that, as an alternative to attempts to regulate the right of Free and Informed Consent, the Consultative Protocols have gained space and normative force as an instrument of empowerment and self-government of traditional peoples and communities, in order to allow the formalization of their respective aspirations, worldviews and internal demands. In this direction, it is incumbent upon the State to promote awareness, feasibility and, above all, the full effectiveness of these instruments, as well as the creation of effective participatory spaces that consolidate the growth of ascendant power beyond the requirement of consent or attempts in their standardization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Corpo de Cristo, máscaras de diabos: etnopolítica e espaços de performance nos Diablos Danzantes de Yare, Venezuela
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-22) FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Amarildo; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684; FIGUEIREDO, Silvio José de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2713210031909963
This research analyzes the social relations of the Diablos Danzantes de Yare, eucharistic brotherhood from Venezuelan Center-North, through which it situates and elucidates the symbolic and sociopolitical complexity of this festival and its respective social field, called the Festive Field of the Diablos de Yare. Its proposal aims to understand the experience of being in the world and the meaning production of the Diablos de Yare, in face of the assemblages and reflexivities they go through, considering their historical-social trajectory, which made them occupy the center of the party of Corpus Christi in Venezuela. Characterized as an interdisciplinary research, this study is guided by three fundamental principles, mutually influenced and organically linked, which consist of relational thinking in the social construction of research; in the “new social cartography” as a fundamental ethnography for research; and in the proposition of a possibility of praxiological integration between the theoretical references and the frameworks obtained from the empirical works performed, denominated as ensemble experience. The research was done in a small parish called San Francisco de Yare, of Simón Bolívar Municipality (Miranda State, Venezuela), and the survey collected data on fieldwork through non-directive interview, directive interview, direct observation, audiovisual and photographic records, georeferencing, and cartography workshop, as also bibliographical and documentary research. In its course, the study realize the contextual presentation of the set of parties known as Diablos Danzantes of Corpus Christi from Venezuela. It presents a dense ethnographic report about the Diablos de Yare, discusses the realization of the second life, and the Christian upcoming in the locality throughout party, and also discusses the practices of constitution, spatial distribution and activation of political and social meanings of expressions embodied in performance spaces, set up through what is defined as the ethnopolitical process of the Diablos de Yare. Finally, the research goes beyond the understanding of the feast-fact onto the apprehension of the feast-question in the evidence of the Diablos de Yare as bodies that resonate historical, symbolic and political specificities, for understanding sociopolitical and cultural processes that constitute and shape the local and the national in Venezuela.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
De que Amazônia vocês estão falando?: a categoria Amazônia para o Banco Mundial e o BNDES
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-11-22) RIBEIRO, Domingos Antonio Feitosa; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de
The Amazon category is treated in different ways by different people, therefore, it is necessary to understand how the World Bank and the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) understand the Amazon. What is the Amazon for the World Bank and BNDES? How do they think about Amazon? Do the Amazon concepts for the two banks change over time? How many concepts do the two banks use for Amazon? How do they see the Amazon? The objective is to understand how the World Bank and BNDES think about the Amazon. This general objective unfolds in others that would be to understand the history of the Amazon; analyze the documents of the World Bank that deal with the Amazon; study the BNDES documents that address the Amazon category. To achieve these goals, documents dealing with the Amazon are used and are available for public debate in the portals of the two banks. There are four hypotheses raised: both the World Bank and BNDES understand the Amazon as a source of natural resources available to the world market; the definition of the Amazon category for both the World Bank and the BNDES involves the dependence of the Amazon on the world market; there is a common project between the World Bank and BNDES about and for the Amazon and, finally, the World Bank continues to dictate, finance and project the future of the Amazon. The Amazon category varies with the time of production and reproduction of world capital, as at one time it was an "empty" region ready to be explored and occupied, while at another moment it is a region of natural resources that need to be preserved, but without detachment of the “vocation” of exporting primary or semi finished goods supplying the great centers of the world and national market, while the promises made by the two development banks do not arrive. During this wait, both at the World Bank and at the BNDES, the idea, also aimed at the Amazon, of “sustainable development” arises. For the World Bank, “sustainable development” is the redemption of the sins committed during the 1970s and 1980s, as the World Bank did not blame the financing it gave and the projects it carried out in the Amazon during this period. For the BNDES, which was born with one foot in the concern of the “environmental issue”, the path is not so difficult, despite doing the opposite of what the World Bank did, and they only did it because it was what had to be done. The concept of Amazon is variable for the World Bank and BNDES, it depends on what the capital, as a whole, wants for the moment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento local e turismo sustentável no setor público do município de Cedral-MA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-12) SILVA, Marceli de Cassia Alencar dos Santos; SIMONIAN, Lígia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-7244
This dissertation investigates the intersection between sustainable development and tourism in the context of the municipality of Cedral, located in the Floresta dos Guarás Tourist Complex in Maranhão. The work is based on the premise that tourism can be a tool for local development, as long as it is implemented in a sustainable way and integrated with the needs of the community. The research adopts an interdisciplinary approach, using qualitative methodologies and the case-study model. The choice of Cedral as the study site is justified by its location in an emerging tourist hub, where public sector actions are still in the initial stages. The methodology includes data collection through field research, carried out between January 3 and 8 and September 6 and 8, 2023, which allowed the recognition and participant observation of local conditions. In the theoretical framework, the dissertation addresses concepts from Geography, emphasizing the categories of region and place, as well as discusses the General Theory of Tourism and the evolution of the concept of sustainability. It highlights the contradictions between socio-environmental development and effective practices, proposing that tourism should be less degrading and more consistent with the local environment. The research also reflects on the importance of planning that involves local communities, managers and socio-cultural representatives, with a view to building a tourism model that respects the specific characteristics of the region. The research aims to analyze the current situation of tourism in the municipality of Cedral, the actions of the public tourism sector and the engagement of socio-cultural representations, with sections dedicated to the theoretical basis, the methodologies and research techniques used, the study area, addressing its physical and social elements, and the panorama of the municipality's public tourism sector, analyzing the administrative organization and activities developed since the creation of the tourism secretariat. The study's contribution is significant, as it offers a critical reflection on the role of tourism in local development and suggests new possibilities for promoting sustainable tourism practices that respect the environment. It highlights the need for creative and participatory processes, involving all social actors, to guarantee the autonomy of local society and the viability of tourism that benefits the community. In short, this work offers theoretical and practical contributions to the understanding of sustainable tourism in the Amazon context.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Dinâmica das organizações turísticas e o consumo de água em São Luis (MA) e Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) GOMES, Eduardo Lima dos Santos; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
This thesis discusses the limits and possibilities of the natural water resource to become an opportunity of competitive advantage in the tourism sector, particularly in tourist accommodation organizations. From this perspective, questions arise about the place and role of these tourist organizations in the political and socioenvironmental water scenario. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the extent to which the implications of water consumption position the tourist organizations of accommodation, in São Luís (MA) and Belém (PA), the formulation of sustainability strategies for eco-innovation. For this purpose, the study is based on a review of the literature on theories that explain economic development from a Schumpeterian and Neoschumpeterian view, as well as the approach to sustainable development on the path to water sustainability in the tourism sector. Based on the literature review, a hypothesis was suggested and tested in the empirical part of the thesis through an analysis of the dynamics of tourism organizations concerning the implications of water consumption in these two amazonian cities in question. The methodology had the interdisciplinary orientation between economics and anthropology, through the development of qualitative research of an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory type with the procedure of the case study of multiple character. For this, the technique of semi-structured interview with the application of the instrument form was used. This analysis is based on data obtained through interviews-formulary aimed at chief executives of the tourism organizations and water companies. The results show that the strategies adopted by tourism organizations are merely palliative measures directly proportional to the optimization of financial costs. With this, the water issue, especially in the face of the possibilities of a growing water crisis, becomes important for research and, in the tourism sector, water can be an opportunity for sustainability strategy for eco-innovation, promoting the responsible and smart tourism.

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