Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento - PPGTPC/NTPC

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2332

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (PPGTPC), que integra o Núcleo de Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento(NTPC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), iniciou suas atividades em 1987 com o curso de Mestrado Acadêmico em Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento. O curso de Doutorado passou a ser oferecido a partir do ano 2000.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise comparativa da ansiedade relatada em surdos e ouvintes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-01) COSTA, Edilane Lourenço da; GOUVEIA JR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274
The group of deaf people in Brazil is considered significant. Deafness can lead to emotional disorders, among them anxiety. Thus, the aim of this study was to measure anxiety reported among deaf and hearing people, with application of the Visual Analogue Mood Scale (VAMS) standard and adapted to Brazilian sign language. The sample consisted of 62 participants were divided into hearing group (n = 31) and deaf group (n = 31) mean age of 31 (±7.53) and 31 (±7.69) years, respectively, of both sexes, paired for age, sex, income and education level . The application of VAMS were individually and data were analyzed for factors: anxiety, physical sedation, mental sedation, other feelings and the total index scale. The data was preceded by the application of the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) and equal variance test. For data that obeyed these tests, we used the Student t test to compare the factors of VAMS; between groups, between male and female, within groups and between groups; at different income levels, within the groups and between groups; in different years of study, within groups and between groups. When it was not possible to satisfy the criteria of normality and homogeneity of variance test was used non-parametric Mann-Whitney (U). It was adopted a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. We analyzed the correlation in the variables, income, education level and age with each of the scale factors, in the hearing group and the deaf group. The results showed statistically significant difference between groups in the index of physical sedation, being lower in deaf than in the hearing group. In the analysis between groups, hearing and deaf, distributed by sex, was expressed statistically significant in the factor other feelings, being higher in the deaf, both females and males in relation to the male hearing group. In the variables income and education level were statistically significant differences in the components of VAMS, anxiety, mental sedation and physical sedation, between and within groups. In the correlation analysis, the hearing group, positive correlation was found in the variable income and education level versus physical sedation and positive correlation in the variable age versus anxiety. In the deaf group was a positive correlation in the variable age versus physical sedation. We conclude that the use of scales to assess anxiety is important and valuable for field research, and VAMS adapted to Brazilian sign language was sensitive to evaluate anxiety in deaf, it facilitates the inclusion diagnosis of this specific population, which is sometimes sub diagnosed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da escolha individual na distribuição livre ideal: comparando diferenças e razões
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-13) SILVA, Thaís Tavares da; TONNEAU, François Jacques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2917023797307669
Optimal foraging theory, as a way of understanding foraging behavior, provides a foundation for the Ideal free distribution theory, which seeks to explain the choices of subjects under the condition of group competition. However, although many experiments have been performed to assess the Ideal Free Distribution (IFD), deviations have been observed in relation to the predictions of the IFD, both in other species and in humans. Sokolowski et al. (1999) have proposed an explanation for such deviations in terms of equalizing differences (nG-WG)-(nRWR) instead of ratios (WG/nG-WR/nR). Here we proposed an experiment in which individuals conducted their choices with a software that simulated the choices of subjects in a group. The software was developed in order to clarify the role of respective equations (ratioor difference-based) or choices strategies, fitting the data with a sigmoidal function. The dependent variable was the choice of every subject while being presented with artificial situations. The results showed that subjects performed their choices under the control of the two strategies, as well as others. This study brings relevant contributions to the study of individual choices, in addition to providing data that deserve to be analysed in more detail by future research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aprendizagem por exclusão: análise de um procedimento de ensino em crianças diagnosticadas com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-22) OLIVEIRA, Thayline; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Behavioral analysts have developed a number of methodologies, especially from the stimulus equivalence paradigm, to investigate reading skills in children with learning disabilities. However, few studies involving exclusion have proposed to investigate reading teaching in individuals with atypical development. When it comes to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), study has not been identified in the literature. Therefore, this research aims to investigate whether the exclusion procedure combined to CRMTS is effective to establish arbitrary relationships between figures and printed words for children with ASD; if the naming of printed words emerges after training; and finally, if the reading of new words occurs. The data indicate that the training involving the exclusion and CRMTS procedures were effective to establish arbitrary relations between figures and printed words with little exposure to errors and to generate the reading of the dissyllable words in the naming tests. However, the procedure was not sufficient to emerge the recombinative reading of the new words.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da adequação dos níveis de funcionalidade do VB-MAPP em uma amostra de crianças brasileiras.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-26) KEUFFER, Sara Ingrid Cruz; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
The Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) is a criteria-based assessment tool that can be used as a curriculum guide and repertoire development monitoring system for children with autism and other developmental disorders. The three levels of VB-MAPP were established from typical child development milestones derived primarily from studies with US or European children. Considering the socioeconomic and cultural differences that exist between the United States/Europe and Brazil, this study analyzed the adequacy of VB-MAPP functional levels for the evaluation of verbal, social and motor repertoires of a sample of 61 Brazilian children with typical development, living in Belém do Pará, of both sexes and aged between one and five years. The results showed that the functional levels proposed in the VB-MAPP were adequate to evaluate repertoires of a sample of Brazilian children with typical development, increasing the data on the external validity of the instrument. Based on these results it is suggested the relevance of the use of VB-MAPP in the Brazilian context.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de simetria por comparação de treinos de emparelhamento ao modelo sucessivo (go/no-go)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-16) PICANÇO, Carlos Rafael Fernandes; BARROS, Romariz da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7231331062174024
Successive matching-to-sample (go/no-go) has been pointed out as an effective procedure to reduce stimulus control digressions in conditional relation training with non-humans. Other studies suggest the comparison between (symmetrical and non symetrical) conditional discrimination acquisition curves as a way to evaluate properties of equivalence relations. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using both procedures above mentioned in evaluating the property of symmetry in four capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp). Stimulus presentation, activation of devices, and response recording were automatically controlled by software. Subjects were maintained under conditions approved by IBAMA. By mean of an “ABAB” single subject design, the acquisition of symmetrical (A) and non-symmetrical (B) conditional discriminations were compared. In both Condition A and B, conditional relations A-B and B-A were simultaneously trained so that in every condition, four new arbitrary conditional discriminations (with new stimuli arbitrarily related) were presented. When symmetrical, positive combinations were A1-B1, A2 B2, B1-A1, and B2-A2, and negative combinations were A1 B2, A2 B1, B1 A2 and B2 A1. When non-symmetrical, positive combinations were A1 B1, A2 B2, B1 A2, and B2 A1, and negative combinations were A1 B2, A2 B1, B1 A1 e B2 A2. Two of the four subjects (Negão e Bongo) completed que acquisition of one (Bongo) or two (Negão) sets of conditional relations (Conditions A-symmetrical and B-non-symmetrical) for the evaluation of the viability of the procedure to verify the property of symmetry. Data demonstrate that the method here reported detected the presence of the property of symmetry in the conditional relations leraned by Negão and its absence in the conditional relations learned by Bongo. Data are inconclusive for the other two subjects. One detailed analysis of the performance of each subject and its measures is also presented.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de um sistema on-line de instrução personalizado na aprendizagem conceitual e procedimental de professores da educação especial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-01-30) COSTA, Malena Russelakis Carneiro; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
Behavior-analytic procedures have been identified as effective for training teachers working in special education. However, most are implemented in a face-to-face and individualized manner, leading to a lower cost-benefit ratio compared to online training. This study evaluated the efficacy of a Personalized Online Instruction System (POIS) in teaching declarative knowledge about autism diagnosis, basic concepts of Behavior Analysis, and the implementation of three behavior-analytic procedures (Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement Preference Assessment, Brief Functional Analysis, and Functional Communication Training) to thirty-five special education teachers. All teachers completed the POIS modules, organized sequentially and individually, including video instruction, written material, and written and computerized feedback. Progression between modules was contingent on meeting minimum performance criteria in posttests. Nine participants underwent generalization tests to verify the practical application of procedural knowledge in simulated trials with confederates. These tests involved implementing the three learned behavior-analytic procedures, assessing the accuracy of correct responses. Results indicated that the POIS was effective in teaching declarative knowledge. However, in the generalization test, no participant met the criterion to independently implement the procedures, thus requiring additional training with feedback. This study contributes to the development of efficient and accessible teacher training methodologies, which highlights the importance of combining online instructional systems with in-person strategies to maximize learning and practical application of behavior-analytic repertoires in special education.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliando e ensinando técnicas da taxonomia Lemov para professores do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-26) MARTINS, Jade Cristine Trindade; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
The literature on Behavior Analysis may contribute to the educational system, despite the little influence exerted in pedagogical practice. The performance of the students is functionally related to that of the teacher, making important the investment in professional training. The Lemov taxonomy cataloged teaching techniques based on the behaviors of teachers with students with excellent academic performance, presenting similarity with the behavioral perspective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the training of Lemov taxonomy techniques with four elementary school teachers. A pre and post-training record was made of the occurrences of the techniques in the classroom, and trained the techniques ‘No opt out’ and ‘Stretch it’, containing booklets and role-play with feedback, components of behavioral skills training. After intervention there were few occurrences of the trained techniques, but there was an increase in related techniques, indicating a partial effect on teachers’ behaviors. The need for in situ training, modeling and simplification of training criteria are discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliando o uso de reforçamento em um procedimento de correção no ensino de tato para crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-30) CARNEIRO, Ana Carolina Cabral; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
An important aspect of intervention for people with autism based on Applied Behavior Analysis is that procedures should be used to reduce errors while learning a repertoire, considering the effects that errors may have on the learning process. Some studies have investigated the effects of correction procedure that requires active student response after the repetition of a trial with error. Some intervention manuals recommend do not reinforce answers corrected in the correction procedure with active response to prevent the establishment dependence of prompt used for correction. This study investigated the effect of reinforcement in an active-response correction procedure during the tact training in four children with autism. In an intra-participant design an echoic to tact training was made (initial training with simultaneous echoic prompt and then with a 3 s. delayed prompt) with adapted alternating treatment - one condition with reinforcement after corrections and the other condition unreinforced. All participants needed less correction trials in condition with reinforcement than in unreinforced correction condition, and participant‘s performance was superior in training condition with reinforcement after correction in nine of the twelve stimulus sets used in the study. We discuss the effectiveness of the reinforcement after the correction procedure, the absence of reinforcement dependence in this procedure, and the applied implications of the results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliando procedimentos de treino de profissionais na aplicação do ABLA-R (Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities Revised)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-23) SILVA, Oriana Comesanha e; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
The ABLA-R (Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities Revised) is a useful test for assessing the discriminative abilities of individuals with autism and other developmental disorders. The studies that evaluated the teaching of the application of the most recent version of the test presented opposite results: indicating the efficacy of the test self-instructional manual or the need for additional training components. Furthermore, these studies did not evaluate the effect of feedback in training, or the effect of training in to teach professionals to apply ABLA-R. This study evaluated the effect of three training components on ABLA-R teaching for six professionals that working with people with developmental disorders: ABLA-R self-instructional manual, video feedback and role-play. Using a multiple probe design between pairs of participants, the efficacy of each component was evaluated separately and the efficiency of different combinations of these three components was evaluated. No component when used as the first training resulted in an accurate application of ABLA-R. In turn, the three training sequences of the three components used in the study proved to be effective in establishing accurate performance in applying the test to a confederate and a child with developmental disorder. The combination of the self-instructional manual with the video feedback resulted in the best performances. The importance of feedback for ABLA-R application training and ways to integrate manual and feedback use into more efficient forms of the test application training were discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comportamento suicida: sociedade, assistência e relações comportamentais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-14) BRANDÃO, Whashington Luiz de Oliveira; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
This work was built by means of three studies, a theoretical and two empirical ones. The first study aimed at relating the human development indicators (HDI) in the Northern capitals of Brazil, in particular the city of Macapá-AP, with conditioning aspects for suicidal behavior (CS). For that purpose, we accessed national and international publications that described epidemiological aspects of CS and evaluation of HDI. The data indicate that there is a relation between HDI dimensions - income, longevity and education - with suicide rates. The second study aimed at describing the knowledge that 28 psychologists working in assistance to public mental health have on the suicide phenomenon in the city of Macapá-AP, as well as identifying their procedures in the care of the people involved, through application of a self-administered questionnaire. The results indicate that, considering a perspective on CS knowledge, the professionals reported minimal knowledge, but individually incipient compared to what is described in the literature and, in particular, in manuals and public policies that emphasize on prevention and management of cases. In the third study, we aimed at describing the report about the life cycle (childhood, adolescence and current context) besides the suicide attempt episode lived by seven people (five women and two men). It was observed in the report of the life cycle that there are both events involving situations of cohesion and family conflict; sexual abuse situations, difficulty in dealing with the consequences of sexual orientation. Suicide attempt can be analyzed as a self-control strategy with escape and avoidance function. The study of suicidal behavior is a complex and dense area, which can motivate researchers to pursue further efforts in order to provide a better assistance to those involved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Construção e validação de um instrumento para avaliação de clima organizacional no contexto público sob uma perspectiva analítico-comportamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-25) BARTH, César Augusto; BARROS, Romariz da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7231331062174024; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1306-384X; RAMOS, Camila Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4681656913940932
The organizational climate is defined as a set of perceptions, shared among employees, about different aspects of the organizational environment. Traditionally, organizational climate assessments are carried out through instruments comprising questions that investigate different factors of the organization. Although these instruments are intended to investigate the shared perception of workers about the characteristics of the organizational environment, they usually assess both the worker's personal characteristics and the organization's characteristics, in addition to opinions and reports of behaviors emitted by the employee. Although the climate assessment presents valuable indicators, which can support decisions about investments in key aspects of the organization, there are problems related to the way to identify and process data in organizational climate assessments. Thus, more research is needed to improve the methods and instruments used to carry out the evaluations. In the field of public administration, the inadequacy of the instruments is even greater, considering that the instruments are, in general, developed for private organizations. In this context, the present study aimed to develop and validate an organizational climate assessment instrument aimed at public administration. For this, a review of the organizational climate assessment tools that were applied or developed in the last ten years was carried out, compiling all the items that composed these instruments. Subsequently, a new instrument was developed to assess the organizational climate for the public sector, for this, the construction of the instrument was implemented through the formulation of items from a behavioral perspective. Finally, pilot applications of the instrument were carried out and the results were submitted to analysis for instrument validation. The instrument resulting from the research consisted of five factors, composed of 39 indicators. New research will be able to apply the instrument in more public organizations, being able to confirm the stability of the instrument's structure in organizations with different characteristics.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuições da análise do comportamento para reabilitação verbal de crianças usuárias de implante coclear
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-27) PEREIRA, Fabiane da Silva; VERDU, Ana Claudia Moreira Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3777028853675653; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
This study is characterized by a research portfolio, which involves Behavior Analysis, linguistic behavior and cochlear implant. It got together a study of the literature review, and two experimental studies that tried to verify the effect of Multiples Examples Instructions (MEI) procedures, which started with different methods, and also with a list of deaf children naming and cochlear implanted children. The naming concept and the method used on the last 20 years were reviewed. The study 1, experimental, investigated on three children that are cochlear implanted, the effect of the Multiples Examples Instructions procedures on the repertory integration of hear and speak. The study 2, experimental, evaluate in a child that was late cochlear implanted the effect of teach only of the listening repertory about naming, and the MEI about naming repertory. The literature review showed that the naming concept uses like described by Horne and Lowe (1996) has increased on the Behavior Analysis literature. And three procedures have been used during 20 years: hand sorting, MEI and Pairing naming. The study 2 results indicated that the MEI procedure was essential to the hearer and speaker repertory integration, which reduced the performance differences between speak and listen people. And the study 3 results showed that were necessary extra exposes to MEI to naming emergency. It discuss the possibility of new procedures at speak and hear abilities of cochlear implanted children.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Discriminações auditivo-visuais e a emergência de tatos em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: uma replicação sistemática
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-08) CARVALHO, Rhayssa Fernandes da Silva; SILVA, Flávia Teresa Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9875105389453993; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
Establishing auditory-visual conditional discriminations is a key step in protocols for teaching children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, there is a variety of procedures that have been used for teaching this repertoire. Recently, Fisher et al. (2019) showed that procedure package (which included 'conditional only' discriminative training, use of echoic response as a differential observation response, identity-match prompt with progressive delay, and error correction) favored the learning of auditory-visual discriminations in four children with ASD, and the emergence of tacts of the visual stimuli for two of them. The present study performed a systematic replication of Fisher et al. (2019), removing initially the requirement for echoic responses from the procedure package, in order to evaluate the role of this component in the acquisition of auditory-visual discriminations and tacts in children with ASD. A multiple baseline across stimuli design was used. The results showed that echoic response requirement was necessary for the participants to learn most of the auditory-visual discriminations, and that two participants presented emergence of tacts to some of the visual stimuli. The procedure package efficiency on teaching listener responses, possible treatments interference effects, component analysis, and the role of echoic on the emergence of tacts are discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dois estudos em análise do comportamento: emergência de leitura após diferentes tipos de ensino de sílabas e palavras e introdução ao letramento analítico-comportamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-28) MESQUITA, Alex Andrade; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Reading can be understood as a complex network of relations between stimuli and responses. Study 1 aimed verify the effect of different types of syllable teaching (before or along with the word) and word sizes (two syllables or three syllables) on the development of recombinative and comprehension reading, perform a typology of word naming errors, and verify if the teaching method were considered reinforcing by the participants. The study participants were twelve children aged six to seven years, who were taught to read through the MTS and CRMTS procedure. The results showed that the type of syllable teaching had little influence on the recombinative and comprehension readings, but the participants who learned three syllables words developed a repertoire of recombinative reading superior to those who learned two syllables words and presented fewer errors. The most common type of error was to the exchange of syllables and the syllabication of the word. All children evaluated positively the teaching method. We conclude that the teaching of larger words can facilitate the generalized recombinative reading. In study 2 a bibliographic review of the narrative type was carried out with the objectives of: 1) presenting briefly the most used literacy methods in Brazil; 2) describe literacy in behavioral terms; 3) propose a new behavioral-analytic method of literacy. We verified that the most used literacy methods were: synthetic, with emphasis on the phonic, analytical, whole language, social constructivism and the Paulo Freire method. Quotations to behaviorist methods are few and often negative. Literacy involves complex behavioral processes and it can be reconciled with behavioral analysis as long as the behavioral objectives are clear and preferable immediate differential consequences follow the learning.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da punição com timeout de uma resposta alternativa na ressurgência de um comportamento previamente extinto
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-09) VANDERLEY-CARDOSO, Ana Paula; CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7613198431695463; SOARES FILHO, Paulo Sérgio Dillon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647259688931170
Resurgence is the behavioral phenomenon of reappearance of a target response, previously extinguished, after devaluation of an alternative. Traditionally, the alternative response has its maintenance conditions changed by extinction procedures, however, little is known about the effects of using other devaluation procedures such as timeout, a form of negative punishment used in applied situations. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of punishing the alternative response with timeout on the resurgence of the behavior. Two four-phase experiments were performed. Experiment 1: In Phase 1, a target response was reinforced in a 10 s VI. In Phase 2, the target response was extinguished while an alternative response began to produce reinforcers in a VI 10 s. In Phase 3, a timeout contingency (50 s) was superimposed on the reinforcement contingency in force. In Phase 4, both responses were extinguished. Experiment 2: phases 1, 2 and 4 were similar to those of Experiment 1, with the only difference being that the sessions started with a blackout period and had a reduced timein time from the end of phase 2. In phase 3, a timeout contingency (30 s) was superimposed on the alternative reinforcement. The results indicated that the timeout devalued the alternative option in both experiments and induced resurgence for all (Experiment 1) and the majority (Experiment 2) of the subjects. Possible variables that may have led to these results are discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito de um grupo terapêutico sobre estresse, sobrecarga e habilidades sociais de cuidadores primários de crianças autistas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-09-10) SOUSA, Ana Paula Martins; MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8107199720875369; CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7613198431695463
The process for diagnosis and treatment of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) usually demands changes in routine of their families and/or caregivers, especially by the parents of those children. Many of those parents have high levels of caregiver burden and stress and social isolation, possibly due to the accumulation of activities related both to caring for their children with ASD, to relationships with their partners, to caring for other children, to domestic and professional activities, for example. Based on that, this study has as it’s main objective to analyze and compare the effect of two therapeutic group of analytical-behavioral approach on the levels of caregiver burden and stress and social skills of primary caregivers of children with ASD. Eight primary caregivers of children with ASD participated in the study, four of whom participated in the Group 1 and four in the Group 2. The procedure was divided in three stages: 1) Pre-test, with application of psychological instruments and a sociodemographic form; 2) Group 1, composed of 18 sessions of approximately two hours per week, being initially in space of reception and listening, in order to create an environment and a routine similar to the group 2, inserting the intervention from the 12th session, and Group 2, consisting of eight sessions of approximately two hours per week, being the therapeutic intervention from the first session, working with the variables to be analyzed; 3) Post-test, with reapplication of the instruments used in the pre-test. In the results, a possible influence of intervention on stress levels was observed, with decrease of levels and symptoms, however, in relation to the general results of caregiver burden and social skills, there was a permanence or little change in the levels in the three applications done. In this way, we find necessary to increase the number of meetings and influence of the adherence in the therapeutic process to obtain greater results in the variables caregiver burden and social skills.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do ensino de discriminação condicional de sentenças sobre a emergência de relações sintáticas para deficientes auditivos.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-31) SANTOS, Rafael Ernesto Arruda; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The growing contingent of deaf people in human society has a fundamental basic reading academic behavior in social inclusion policies. The proposed study seeks to observe the teaching of conditional discrimination sentences on the emergence of syntactic relations, from the construction of sentences in the affirmative and negative assertions in deaf children. Pre-tests verify the repertoire readings in LBS and Portuguese. The study used three sets of stimuli: A - Signs in LSB, B - words written in Portuguese and C - figures. The conditional relations AB and AC were taught and BA relations, CA, BC and CB tested with no differential feedback. The procedure adopted was matching-to-sample (MTS) to teach reading words. After training and testing, the participant was exposed to the constructed-response matching-to-sample (CRMTS) of affirmative and negative sentences. The participant should write sentences in the presence of a model (LBS signals or written sentences), from words written in Portuguese (or LBS) to compose the affirmative sentences and negative sentences. Next, specific tests for CRMTS evaluated the formation of new sentences, including a recombination test.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do ensino por resposta construída simultânea e com atraso sobre a produção e leitura de sentenças
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-27) BANDEIRA, Taynan Marques; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies have used procedure constructed response matching to sample (CRMTS) to teach spelling of words. In this procedure the answer is constructed by selecting individual components presented as comparisons stimuli conditionally to the sample stimulus. It can be performed to the presence of the sample (simultaneous constructed response matching to sample ou SCRMTS) or after its removal (delayed constructed response matching to sample or DCRMTS). This study compared the effectiveness of training by SCRMTS and DCRMTS in the production and reading of sentences, as well as the maintenance of the repertoire after 20 days. Participants were seven children with a minimum repertoire of naming letters, syllables and some words. In Pre-tests none of the participants answered textually or correctly constructed sentences and only one score textual behavior of 73% of the words of the study. Each participant underwent the teaching of words that had errors using CRMTS. With a single-subject design of alternating treatment, all participants were submitted to both teaching procedures, with two different sets of sentences. The test results show that all learned to construct sentences and maintained the repertoire with the two procedures, and emitted a textual behavior and reading with comprehension on the teaching and recombined sentences. The two procedures can be used for teaching and maintenance of syntactic repertoire, although DCRMTS was more effective training. Important variables in using these procedures are discussed and directions for future studies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de instrução com justificativas sobre seguimento de regras nutricionais em adultos com sobrepeso
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10-20) BARRADAS, Tania Socorro de Moraes; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
In recent decades, Brazil has undergone several political, economic, social and cultural changes that showed changes in quality of life, especially regarding health. The main diseases affecting the Brazilians no longer became acute and chronic non-transmitted diseases. The modification of nutritional habits accompanied that change, greatly influencing the Brazilians’ diet. The dissemination of propaganda by the Brazilian media and modern labor activities stimulates the consumption of foods high in fats, sugars and carbohydrates, contributing to the increase in the percentage of overweight and obese individuals in the world. According to the Ministry of Health the overweight’s Brazilian population percentage increased from 42.7% to 48.1% in five years. It is considered that Body Mass Index (BMI) between 25.0 and 29.9 means overweight. Studies in Applied Behavior Analysis to the Health emphasizes techniques, especially focused on increasing the rate of adherence to treatment. On the Nutritional area, these techniques help to identify the environmental variables under which feeding behavior is under control. The emphasis on self-observation and self-description provide the analysis and research of control variables by the individual himself. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the presentation of justifications, in the form of a printed manual, on report of adherence to nutritional instructions in overweight adults, as well as observing the maintenance of this report through follow-up. Participated in this sample, nine individuals enrolled in the Multiprofessional Project of Patients with Nutritional Disorders, attended in the Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza (HUBFS) of the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). These participants were divided into three study conditions: Condition 1 (weekly monitoring with application of a manual containing justifications for the following nutritional rules), Condition 2 (weekly application with accompaniments 24-hours recall), Condition 3 (inquiry the medical records of patients with unique monitoring by the HUBFS’ nutrition service. Have been associated anthropometric data, body fat percentage and body folds to the Index of Reporting of Adherence (IRA). Results showed that there was no difference in the indexes of Adherence Reports obtained by participants of Condition 1 and condition 2. However, we observed an increase in the IRA after intervention (compared with values observed in baseline) and reduction in monitoring, regardless of the condition to which the participant was exposed. Thus, the rates of reported adherence did not depend specifically on how the allegations were presented, which were in written form and orally.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de instrução e de automonitorização sobre seguimento de regras para aplicação de insulina em crianças com diabetes Tipo 1
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-22) MOREIRA, Alana dos Anjos; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) is a metabolic disease characterized by loss of the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin, which causes an increase in blood glucose (blood sugar), leading to acute and chronic complications. This research was conducted in two stages: in Stage 1, the objective was to characterize children with DM1 treated at an university federal hospital (UH) for the treatment of diabetes; and, in Stage 2, the objective was to analyze the effects of instruction and self-monitoring, according to their order of presentation, among the behavior of rule-following for the use of insulin in children with DM1, relating to family support reported by these children. Eleven children with DM1 participated in this study (n = 11) in Stage 1 and two (n = 2) in Stage 2 with their caregivers at this stage, all aged between 9 and 12 years. In Stage 1, the data collection was held in the waiting room of the Endocrinology clinic of the UH, and in Stage 2, it was held at the residence of the child. The instruments used for data collection were: Game of Treatment Adherence (GTA); Interview Guide on Insulin; Inventory of family support for treatment; Protocol for analysis of medical records; 24h recall; Manual with instructions on applying insulin; Game of application of insulin; and forms of selfmonitoring. The results obtained in Stage 1 showed that the sample size was too small and that the majority were female. However, in Stage 2, only two male participants agreed to continue the study. The GTA showed that the most participants learned the correct way to order the images of the game, indicating that these participants had access to the rules for the use of insulin at breakfast. It was also observed that children did not have a good glycemic control, according to data from medical records, since the majority presented results of the examination of glycated hemoglobin above 8%, regardless of the time of diagnosis. The most participants stated that Stage 1 was only using the pen to apply insulin. It was found that the majority (n = 8) of participants reported Stage 1 autonomy regarding the behavior of glycemia and insulin apply. In Stage 2, it was observed that, in both cases, the measurement of blood glucose was monitored by caregivers more than the actual application of insulin. Another result found was that the majority of children (n = 8) learned to measure blood glucose and to apply insulin with a family member - especially the mother. It was noted that family support did not appear to be a variable directly related to to the knowledge about insulin and its form of application by the patient. According to the results of Inventory of family support for treatment, the participants reported that perceived family suport treatment, especially emotional, followed by social support for diet and for taking blood glucose tests. In Stage 2, regarding the use of insulin, it was observed that the values of pre-prandial glycemia were not used by both participants as tips to select the rapid insulin unit to be used before meals. These results suggest that both the Manual with instructions on applying insulin as the forms of self-monitoring, as well as 24h recalls, produced no changes in the behavior of participants on this aspect. In this study, it was observed that the time of diagnosis of the participants of the Stage 2 showed a direct relation with the understanding of treatment rules. Therefore, it is expected that this research has contributed to the literature on treatment adherence in children with DM1 and the rule-following of the application of insulin, suggesting the use of instructions as justifications, followed by forms of self-monitoring as a behavioral technique in promoting behavioral treatment adherence in this population.