Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento - PPGTPC/NTPC

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2332

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (PPGTPC), que integra o Núcleo de Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento(NTPC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), iniciou suas atividades em 1987 com o curso de Mestrado Acadêmico em Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento. O curso de Doutorado passou a ser oferecido a partir do ano 2000.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 9 de 9

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do efeito de histórias experimentais e de consequências relatadas na regra sobre o comportamento de seguir regras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-17) CARVALHO, Nayra Cristine Alves de; PARACAMPO, Carla Cristina Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9018003546303132
The present study aimed to compare the effects of the presentation of a rule that specifies small and immediate reinforce, with a rule that specifies large and delayed reinforce, manipulating the order of presentation of these rules, their presentation form (isolated or concurrently), the form of distribution of points obtained in the study and the time interval to exchange these points for money. 32 undergraduate participated in the research, divided equally into two experiments that differed only by the form of distribution of points earned and the time interval to exchange these points for money. Each experiment consisted of four conditions. It was used a matching-to-sample procedure; the task consisted in pointing to each one of the comparison stimuli in a given sequence. In both experiments, the Conditions 1 and 3 consisted of four experimental sessions. In Sessions 1 and 3, rules were presented separately and at the Sessions 2 and 4 concurrently. The Conditions 2 and 4 were composed of three sessions. In Sessions 1 and 3, rules were presented concurrently and in Session 2 separately. The order of presentation of the rules was manipulated in each condition. In Condition 1 the order of presentation was - RI / RIRA / RI / RIRA, in Condition 2 - RIRA / RI / RIRA, in Condition 3 - RA / RARI / RA / RARI and in Condition 4 - RARI / RA / RARI. In Experiment I, the delay was limited to distribution points during the session, following the rule RI produced points during the sessions and following the rule RA produced points only at the end of the session, the exchange points for money was at the end of research. In Experiment II, following RI and RA produced points during the sessions, but the exchange points for money for following RI would occur at the end of the research and for following RA, the exchange would occur a week later. In Experiment I , 15 of the 16 participants and in Experiment II 13 of the 16 participants followed the rule RA, independent of a prior history of reinforcement for following the rule RI and independently of the rule RI producing points immediately, exchanged for money at the end of research. The results of both experiments indicate that the control by the rule that described consequences of greater magnitude, but delayed (RA), prevailed over the control by the rule that described consequences of smaller magnitude, but immediate (IR), even when the exchange points obtained in the sessions for money was postponed for a week. These results suggest that the probability of occur following rules may depend, in part, on the type of consequence related in the rule, namely, of the formal properties of the rule, and not exclusively for reinforcement history for rulefollowing Behavior.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito de consequências culturais de naturezas diferentes sobre um culturante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-01-05) PAIXÃO JUNIOR, Francisco Denilson; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5960137946576592
The concept of metacontingency describes functional relations between interlocking contingencies (with their aggregate products) and cultural contingencies. We call culturant the recurrent unit of interlocking behavioral contingencies and their aggregate products. For more than a decade ago, behavior analysts have been dedicated to make the experimental evaluation of metacontingency’s relations. Current studies verified that verbal cultural consequences correlated with non-verbal cultural consequences produce more rate of recurrence of culturants than just cultural consequences of one nature only. However, the differential effects of cultural consequences dependent of the changes in experimental condiction on a culturant are unknown. This study evaluated the differential effect of cultural consequences of different natures (correlated or not) on a target culturant from an experimental preparation that applied an analogous ABAB single-subject design in a task of choosing color lines in a matrix. The dates suggests that there are more favorable conditions for the selection and maintenance of culturants than others and that stereotyped patterns of choices emerge under conditions of high stability of culturant recurrence. This study also has light on possibilities of studies related to uncontrollable aversive conditions and their effects on culturante.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos da Magnitude de Consequências Individuais e Culturais sobre a Seleção de Culturantes de Autocontrole Ético
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-07-17) SILVA, Bruno Rodrigues da; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5960137946576592
Metacontingencies relate to the contingent relationship between culturants (which includes interlocking behavioral contingencies and their aggregate products) and cultural consequences. Among the studies that have recently given empirical support to the concept of metacontingencies, are those that investigate the concurrence between individual and cultural contingencies under the notion of ethical self-control. Previous studies have evaluated the effect of increasing the magnitude of cultural consequence or individual consequence separately on cultural selection in concurrence contexts. However, no study has manipulated the magnitude of individual and cultural consequences together. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the simultaneous manipulation of the magnitude of the individual and cultural consequences on the selection of culturants and individual responses of the participants in two microcultures. For this, a task involving a colored matrix of 10 rows (numbered from 1 to 10) and 10 columns (tagged with letters from "A" to "J") was used. The data collection was carried out with 2 groups (microcultures) of 3 college students. During the data collection with each microculture, each participant at a time selected a row from the matrix and received feedback from the experimenter about his or her choice. Choices on odd (impulsive) rows produced greater consequences for the individual while choices on even (self-controlled) rows produced lesser individual consequences, which, however, were correlated with the possibility of producing cultural consequences, when all 3 participants chose different color rows. During the experiment, the consequences varied so that as the magnitude of the individual impulsive consequence increased, the magnitude of the cultural consequence diminished and vice versa. The results indicated little influence of the variation of the magnitude of the consequences programmed in the experiment on the acquisition and maintenance of the culturantes and on the alteration of the pattern of the participants' choices in favor of the cultural or operant selection. New studies, with changes in the procedure, could better assess the influence of magnitude of consequences on the behavior of individuals in a group.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de Regras que Relatam Justificativas Sobre o Comportamento de Seguir Regras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-09) MATSUO, Gilsany Leão; ALBUQUERQUE, Luiz Carlos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5261537967195189
The present study investigated the effects of rules that provide justifications on the rule- following. 12 undergraduate students were exposed to a matching-to-sample procedure, The task consisted of pointing, in a sequence, to each of three comparison stimuli that had only one thing in common with the sample stimulus and differed in other characteristics. Participants were exposed to four experimental conditions that differed only as the order of presentation of the rules. Were presented to participants rules describing minimal justifications (JMI), monetary justification (JMO), social justification (JSO) and monetary justification more social justification (JMO + SO). The rules always describing two options for response, with different response cost: a greater response effort (EFCFCE) and another with less response effort (EFC). The rule with a minimal justification (JMI) had no justification for issuing any sequence. The other rules presented justifications for issuing a sequence of higher cost (EFCFCE). The results showed that 80% of the participants have chosen sequence higher cost (EFCFCE) when exposed to rules with justifications (JMO; JSO; JMO+SO). And 75% of participants chose sequence of lower cost (EFC) when exposed to rule with minimal justification (JMI). It is concluded that effects of rule-following is due, in part, to the formal properties of the rules.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos supressivos da apresentação contingente e não contingente do jato de ar quente em Rattus norvegicus
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-01-05) GASPAR, Christian Diego de França; MAYER, Paulo César Morales; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5360949596306254; CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7613198431695463
Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the suppressive effects of the contingent and noncontingent presentation of hot air blast (HAB), if tested in situations like those required to produce this effect with electric shock. After the pressure training the bar phase and the identification of the baseline, six rats were divided into two groups with three animals each. The groups were exposed to twenty sessions in each phase (baseline, test phase and reconditioning), but for the Punishment Group (PUN) the HAB was administered in a contingent manner by pressing the bar in a joint scheme of VI 30s punishment + VI 30s reinforcement, while for the Yoked Group (ACO) the HAB occurred in a non-contingent manner, due to the occurrence in the Punishment Group, superimposed on a reinforcement scheme (VI 30s). In the end of the experiment, the percentage suppression index was 73% for PUN group and 49% for ACO group. The identified differential suppression was the missing element to legitimize HAB as a punitive stimulus capable of suppressing previously established responses and of testing the generality of aversive events with electric shock in basic experimental procedures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Famílias ribeirinhas amazônicas e o programa bolsa família
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-01) FREIRE, Viviam Rafaela Barbosa Pinheiro; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
This study aimed to understand and describe family functioning of riverine beneficiaries of Bolsa Família Program (BFP) who live in an Amazon island. For that, specific objectives were stablished which correspond to the three articles of this dissertation. The first proposes a systematic literature review, aiming to map the dissertations and theses on the Bolsa Família Program registered in Thesis Bank, available on the website of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes). The second article aimed to describe routines activities related to academic life of children who participate in Bolsa família Program in an amazonian riverine context. The third presents a case study which aimed to know the perception of family members who participate in Bolsa Família Program about parental cohesion and hierarchy in an amazonian riverine environment. As a result we could know the characteristics of family functioning, particularly in the face of requirements of PFB and riverside context.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Indução Comportamental Molar e Posição Relativa dos Estímulos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-14) SARMIENTO, Alejandra Rodríguez; TONNEAU, François Jacques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2917023797307669
The concept of induction comprises a range of procedures that facilitate the occurrence of behavior. An aspect of induction already studied is the behavioral facilitation that a stimulus produces when paired regularly with another stimulus, a process that might explain the spread of effect traditionally attributed to operant reinforcement. The aim of the present project was to evaluate the effect of the relative position of stimuli on response induction in the absence of reinforcement. Two experiments were run, each with 20 subjects distributed randomly in two groups. The subject's task consisted of observing a list of 16 words always with the same order, followed by a test period with the same list except a target word (“reinforcement”) that the subject was supposed to make appear on the screen by clicking on the other words. This task was repeated six times. In Experiment 1, each group had the target word located in different positions. The results suggest more response induction in stimuli close to the target stimulus. The purpose of Experiment 2 was to evaluate whether the results of Experiment 1 were due to serial position or the correlation between the target word and neighboring words. The task was the same, except that for one of the groups the position of neighboring words was changed during testing. The results are indicative of a process of bidirectional response induction for the stimuli close to the target stimulus, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the spread of effect arises from stimulus-function facilitation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Interações e relações sociais entre pares em classes de inclusão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-01-15) VITORINO, Inez da Costa; GAROTTI, Marilice Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2218504886013525
This study aimed at observing interactions of children with special needs in two inclusive classrooms as well as describing the frequency and the quality of these interactions through its contents. These goals agree with Hinde´s theory to study the human development which proposes the description and classification of social interactions as the first step to the scientific study of social relationships. Observing the nature of these interactions in inclusive classrooms is a must since this proposal is new in Belém. Eight students with special needs were observed (cognitive disability, multiple disability, autism, Down syndrome and brain paralysis) in two inclusive classrooms of state public schools. Observations of three minutes were conducted to each student, through focal sampling, which led to the analysis of frequency and content of interactions. The results show these students may be facing isolation as a consequence of low frequency of interactions among them and their classmates and sometimes, interactions among focals only. This data extends to the regular students that don´t interact frequently. No student seem to have developed links since continuity in interactions was not observed in these groups. Considering the quality of interactions, they can be classified into positive or negative, according to the consequences detected in each situation. The conclusion is that the frequency of interactions in these groups is low, there´s little evidence of relationships, since there were 28 reciprocal interactions, from which 6 among students with special needs, what may indicate the exclusion in inclusive classrooms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Práticas educativas maternas e empatia em crianças de baixa renda
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-30) SANTOS, Lorena Ribeiro dos; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
The present study investigated the educational practices and parenting styles prevalent in mothers of low-income children and the relationship of these practices with the empathy of children. The research included the participation of 36 children, 9-11 years old, and their mothers. It was used as instruments the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Parental Styles Inventory and the Scale of Empathy for Children and Adolescents. The results indicate that scores of children's responses, regarding childrearing practices, were significantly lower than the scores of mothers, with a prevalence of negative practices in both perspectives. The parenting style is the predominant risk and below-average regular. It is found that higher levels of education of the children are related to higher levels of empathy. There is no correlation between maternal educational practices and levels of empathy. This study raised important information regarding childrearing practices, as the prevalence of negative practices in the surveyed mothers. The detection of this deficit raises the need for more comprehensive research on educational practices in low-income mothers, and the development of guidance and intervention programs that help mothers and fathers in the education provided to children.

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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento - PPGTPC/NTPC por Linha de Pesquisa "ANÁLISE EXPERIMENTAL DO COMPORTAMENTO: PROCESSOS PSICOLÓGICOS BÁSICOS"