Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento - PPGTPC/NTPC

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2332

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (PPGTPC), que integra o Núcleo de Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento(NTPC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), iniciou suas atividades em 1987 com o curso de Mestrado Acadêmico em Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento. O curso de Doutorado passou a ser oferecido a partir do ano 2000.

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Adoção de crianças e adolescentes com necessidades especiais: aspectos psicossociais envolvidos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-06) SILVA, Fabíola Helena Oliveira Brandão da; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
This study aimed to understand and describe the psychosocial aspects of adoption of children and adolescents with special needs since the creation of the National Register of Adoption (NRA), in April 2008. Thus, we set out goals that motivated the development of the three constituents of the dissertation studies. The first described the social and family demographic characteristics of applicants for adoption to parents of children with and without typical development. Furthermore, drew a profile of children and adolescents considered suitable for adoption, enrolled in CNA. The second study aimed to investigate risk factors and protective for the development of three adopted children with special needs, analyzing common and unique aspects of their life histories, since the psychosocial condition of the biological parents to the process of entering and living in the family replacement. The third involved three families who have adopted children with special needs, who had prior knowledge of this infantile condition, in order to describe the familiar routines. From the results obtained by the three studies was possible to know the sociodemographic characteristics and aspects of structure and family dynamics that mark in general, and in particular in the cases studied, the demands generated by children with special needs and how applicants and parents by adoption have undertaken to answer them. We conclude that both candidates to the adoption of children with special needs, as their adoptive parents appeared to favor the fulfillment of children's demands, especially family life provide these children in vulnerable.
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Adoção tardia de gêmeos: estudo de caso de uma família adotante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-06) OLIVEIRA, Márcia Luzia Silva de; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The research describes the transition from conjugality for adoptive parenthood of twins, at the age of three and half years. Based on the structural theory of systemic aimed to analyze the relationship of a couple age 50-63 years old, so, identify the reasons, routines and changes after adoption. It was used as instruments Semi-structured Interviews, Genogram Interviews, Routine Inventory and Daily Field. From the reports were taken two axis: “The couple: characteristics and performance” and “The adoptive family: couple and routine care of the twins.” The main results indicate that since the beginning of the relationship, the couple already experiencing several transitions. It appears that after the adoption, the role of parenting creates a period of conflict, crisis, difficulty in orienting, educating, establishing rules and limits children who lived institutionalized since seven months. It can be seen in the role of wife overload in child care, the family has the support of a cooperating in housework and childcare. In addition, the couple faces some prejudices of society in general, and those closest to the decision to adopt older children. It is noteworthy that need psychological support families adopters during and after late adoption process and the importance of longitudinal study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As atividades de vida diária de crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-04) VASCONCELOS, Thamires Bezerra de; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
This research aimed to analyze the activities of daily living (ADLs) of children in situations of institutional care, discussing the importance of systematic evaluation of this type of activity and the critical role that caregivers may have in gaining greater autonomy in personal care and the acquisition of various skills. Comprising two interlinked studies in the first part (study I) provides a characterization of scientific literature on the assessment of activities of daily living in different contexts, covering research methods and instruments used for this purpose. The observed results showed a prevalence of use of standardized assessment instruments, and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), most often found in the literature reviewed. Despite these developments in evaluation methods, there was little or no attention to the contexts of ADL performance, placing greater emphasis on the characteristics of the person, as the presence of limiting pathologies. In this direction, the second study presents a description of the levels of assistance provided by the ADL that involve educators, specifically, children who live in a host institution and incentive strategies used by caregivers dealing with their routines for each able to perform them in the most autonomous and efficient way possible. This description used categories inspired in part II of the PEDI, the Caregiver Assistance. The results showed a higher level of assistance in activities of hygiene and clothing compared to data obtained in feeding activities. Is attributed these findings to routine institutional and personal traits of the participants involved. We conclude that, in the institutional context, the highest level of service observed may have a different meaning than would be expected in a family environment. This higher level of attention and support checked could mean, on the one hand, more educators moments of interaction with the child, this can be a positive aspect in an environment that tends to be marked by the treatment depersonalized and rigid routines. And another, less opportunity for the child to develop from a greater degree of autonomy in ADL, which may have negative implications for the course of development. The importance of assessing ecological and cast a glance to the daily activities of children in residential institutions makes this research is located in order to contribute to a better understanding of the development in this specific context, since it, often have their first experiences of self-care. The results can guide and reflections indicated the formation of programs to optimize resources and opportunities present in the routines of self-care in this environment of institutional care.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação psicopedagógica de crianças em acolhimento institucional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-06) PINHEIRO, Marcilene Alves; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051; OLIVEIRA, Ana Irene Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8839751954613395
One of the great challenges of contemporary society is to address the issues surrounding the care of children and adolescents in institutions and the possible consequences of that period in their development. Current studies seek to look at the host institution as developmental context from the perspective Bioecological Human Development, in which not only focuses on the context, but the interactions that the developing person keeps to him. This study aimed to verify the applicability of the software Desenvolve ® on cognitive assessment of children aged five to seven years on condition of institutional care, discussing the possibility of environmental arrangements and materials that will promote a healthy development. The participants were 16 children, aged from five to seven years, welcomed a Belém’s public host institution. To gather sociodemographic data sheet used the Ficha de Caracterização da Criança, that is a form consists of 94 items divided into five categories: identification of the child, family structure, history of institutionalization, sociojurídica current situation and child health, which were extracted the variables age, sex, education, reason for the host, length of stay in residential care, and educational evaluation. The cognitive assessment was performed by software Desenvolve ® that trough 127 screen measures the performance on 19 cognitive skills, which were analyzed in two categories: percentage of hits and misses¸ and percentage yield in each cognitive skill. The results reveal that the universe of participants is composed mostly of boys (75%), aged five years, family neglect the main reason for the reception. It is noteworthy also that 50% of participants go through their first experience of institutional care, while others face their second and third experiments on schooling has been that all children have started their school activities and / or develop in host institution’s Room Service Educational, however, there is a grace period for the medical records of educational evaluation. In cognitive assessment, for the category of percentage of hits and misses, has hit percentage greater than the errors for all children aged seven years, since the category of percentage of income in each cognitive skill stand out as cognitive skills of low income: perception of letters and numbers, perception timeline, naming numbers, sense of time, sense and perception of numerical sequence sequence. From these results, we propose a plan of environmental strategies and materials to promote healthy development, consisting of 12 strategies that encompass both activities aimed at (re) organization of the physical environment and the teachers of the institution, and to direct stimulation cognitive skills of lower income. Through the indicators of this study can observe the applicability software Desenvolve® for the assessment of children in situations of institutional care and the importance of this kind of mapping for the development and implementation of strategies that will promote and ratify the host institution as context promoter of healthy development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Brasileiros na Alemanha: processos de adaptação, estresse e resiliência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-24) TORRES, Clauber Wellington Pinheiro; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1225408485576678
Migration is a process of ecological transition that drastically interferes with human development involving change of environment, social relations, perceptions about oneself and time. In addition, it is a process influenced by various social, economic, or political aspects that immerse the immigrant in a potentially risky yet challenging environment that mobilizes him for resources to overcome adversity. In this sense, this dissertation had as main objective to identify which aspects related to the migratory context are perceived as stress-generating elements and resilience promoters, relevant in the process of adaptation of Brazilian immigrants living in Germany. Two exploratory, descriptive, quantitative and qualitative studies were carried out. The first one focused on describing the perception of stress and resilience of Brazilian immigrants who chose to live in Germany. The study was attended by one hundred and eleven Brazilians living in Germany, who were assigned PSS14 to assess stress and CD-RISC for resilience. The results indicated negative correlations between stress and resilience. The second study aimed to describe the perception of Brazilian immigrants in Germany about their adaptation process. One hundred and thirteen people participated through an online interview through a virtual platform. The results indicated that the immigrants encountered several challenges, highlighting the use of language, culture, climate and interaction with the Germans. These studies can contribute to increase knowledge about Brazilian immigrants, their relationships and how they perceive the contexts in which they live far from their country of origin.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Brincadeiras simbólicas em situação estruturada de crianças em acolhimento institucional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-30) FILOCREÃO, Camila Lima; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
Institutional shelter is a protection measure that defines a parental removal when the rights of children and teenagers are threatened. Shelter institution can be regarded as the development context of those who are attended, marked through stimulation, activities and interpersonal relationship. It is substantial to evaluate the sheltering on the child’s perspective in order to extend the comprehension of this phenomenon. When dealing with children, is appropriate to use research techniques that looks familiar and enjoyable. Several researchers have been interested in investigate the play as a way to understand the child universe. This qualitative study had as goal to categorize, describe and analyze the content of symbolic play by which children played in a institutional shelter, focused on the institution itself and child’s family background. The research happened on Espaço de Acolhimento Provisório Infantil (EAPI) that shelters male and female children from zero to six years old. Overall, ten children took part of the study. It was used as tool and material a Characterization Form, a model representing the two institutional environment, everyday object toys, dolls and a video camera. A documental research with the Characterization Form was performed together with a gathering of playful resources. On a reserved room, one of the researchers interacted with the child while the other was filming. Four sessions of thirty minutes were performed with each participant. The results were organized in the following categories and subcategories: 1. Playing shelter (1.1. Routine acknowledgement, 1.2. Games and Plays, 1.3. Relationships); and 2. Playing Family (2.1. Routine, 2.2. Relationships and 2.3. The Family in danger). It was possible to identify the child’s conception about the institutional daily activities and to observe its familiar daily intimacy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Características biopsicossociais de autores de agressão sexual de crianças e/ou adolescentes em contexto intrafamiliar e extrafamiliar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-28) COSTA, Lucilene Paiva da; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
This research had general goal to understand the biopsychosocial characteristics of authors of sexual aggression of children and/or adolescents in intrafamilial and extrafamilial contexts. Two studies were carried out, one referring to the systematic literature review and other descriptive, documental with exploratory character and quantitative approach. The first research examined the similarities and differences of biopsychosocial characteristics of authors of sexual aggression of children and adolescents in the period 1983-2013, from publications in national and international literature. The second study analyzed, through data contained in legal processes, the biopsychosocial characteristics of adult people accused of sexual aggression against children and adolescents in the city of Belem, State of Para, in the period 2012-2014. The result of first study indicated that the researches about authors of sexual aggression were realized more frequently with convicted prisoners (84%) and were male (93%). Among the selected publications, predominated those referred to both intrafamilial and extrafamilial contexts (77%). These publications showed that in the intrafamilial context, sexual offenders maintain a non-hostile relationship with the victim and utilized manipulative strategies. Unlike what has been observed in extrafamilial context, in which the author of aggression tends to use coercive strategies and to be exposed to higher risks of apprehension. The result the second study indicated in the intrafamilial context, the principal authors were the father and the stepfather of the victims. In extrafamilial context, there was a prevalence of perpetrators of sexual assault who were known to their victims’ families. In both contexts, the victims were mostly female. The results of the second study suggested that among those accused in the legal processes of practicing sexual assault over the age of 30 years, with spouse and children, and family relationship with the victim had most likely to belong to intrafamily context of those that have aged below 30 years, with spouse and children, but no family relationship with the victim. The odds ratio (2.949) suggests that the accused persons over age 30 had about 2 times more likely to belong to intrafamily context when compared to an aged below 30 years. In this study, was used at data collect the instrument Biopsychosocial Characterization Form, and all analyzes were made with SPSS software version 20.0 for Windows. The results of the studies suggest that there are clear differences among the profiles of sexual authors of sexual aggression of children and adolescents from intrafamilial and extrafamilial contexts, in the first case being more handlers and the second most coercive, however more research needs to be conducted so that this issue is better understood. Expected that this study may have contributed to broaden the discussion of this theme, especially in the context of the Amazon region, which needs further investigation using as reference the bio-ecological perspective of human development to understand the profile and trajectory of the authors anyway of aggression, mainly sexual.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comportamentos de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista com pares nos contextos de educação musical e recreio escolar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-05) NASCIMENTO, Paulyane Silva do; FREITAS JÚNIOR, Áureo Déo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9902320223569217; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
The present study investigated personal characteristics, environmental and behavioral factors that may enable or impede/prevent the social interaction of children with ASD with their peers. Were analyzed the benefits of music education context as a promoter of this interaction. To organize the issuance of these forms of behavior, were elaborated the "Protocol observation of behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with their peers". The study investigated two children, male, diagnosed with ASD, of the Garden I, of the regular schools of the city of Belém/PA. The children were six and five years old, respectively, and were matriculated in percussion’ classes in Music’s School from Belem/PA. Three sessions were analyzed at regular school environment (during recreation), lasting 20 min each; and 8 sessions in the context of music education (lessons percussion), 30 minutes each. The results showed that the behaviors among children with ASD and their peers occurred in both contexts occurred in both contexts, however reaching higher frequency in the context free (regular school / recreation). As to the benefits of music education, The participant 1 (6 years), whose profile was marked by the acceptance of physical contact, and a search for persons, obtained the increase of functional initiative's behaviors and decreased of non-functional's responses. Observed it was also the occurrence of functional initiatives through repetitive behaviors, indicating that this peculiarity could do helping the child to approach and interact with peers. Already the participating 2 (5 years), with a profile marked by touch, emotional expression appropriate to the context, and social reciprocity (though occasionally), we observed a strong influence of the adult in the child's behavior. This influence was positive (to reduce the emission of non-functional behaviors) and negative (when had the high assist disregarding the child's strengths and hindering its interaction with peers). We conclude that given the low frequency of such behaviors, we cannot say that the changes are related exclusively to this environment, but only to the contiguity of the possibilities represented by the profile of the child and openness of each context for the expression and stimulation of these capabilities, as well as for the provision of tools to permit the seizure or reinforce behaviors conducive to social interaction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Concepções e práticas de educadores voltadas para crianças em instituições de acolhimento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-29) DONATO, Lilian De Jesus Fontel Cunha; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The model of Developmental Niche contributes in way to propose the child's study and the culture as a single analysis, by three mutually related components, (a) physical and social environment, (b) care practices and (c) caretaker psychology. Along all developmental psychology research field, we highlight the institutional care environment, enabling to investigate its influence on the development of children away from their families, and mainly provide data that enable interventions for child development. For this, it is necessary to know the environment, practices and views on the care of professionals who provide care to children in institutional care, because according to the Niche model, these elements contribute to shaping the development of children. This study aimed to investigate the development environment of institutional shelters for children from zero to six years, based on the three subsystems of the niche, comparing two contexts, metropolitan region of Belém (RMB) and the countryside of state (IE) from the look of educators institutional shelters. The data was collected by semi structured interviews with educators from 11 shelters in the state of Pará. 110 educators, 107 females and three male, between 19-63 years participated. The group of the Metropolitan Region of Belém was composed by 77 participants and the countryside by 33. The results indicate that, both in the metropolitan and countryside area, the Institutions had large and wooded areas, However, in the metropolitan region had Institutions which met large groups of children, separating them in the dorms by gender and/or age group. Regarding the care practices, educators in the metropolitan region of Belém value more free plays activities, while the educator from the rural zones prefers oriented plays. About the educators’ psychology, the results show that educators in the metropolitan region of Belém better realize the influence of his work in the development of autonomy, curiosity and the ability to relate to others. The study indicated that although there are differences between concepts and care practices, it predominates the homogeneity of both in the metropolitan area of Belém and Countryside State. It should be noted that the analysis presented is far from clarifying the quality of care and institutional routines in the metropolitan area of Belém and the countryside, but has contributions to the area since the instrument was useful to survey the profile, conceptions and practices educators of care in institutional shelters.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conhecimento sobre desenvolvimento infantil: um estudo com mães em contexto de cárcere
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-06) OLIVEIRA, Marília Zara Gentil de; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The concept of Development Niche consists of three subsystems: the physical and social environment, the psychology of caregivers and care practices. The present study aimed to analyze the prison context in light of the theoretical model of the developmental niche. The sample was 16 mothers guarded at the SUSIPE´s Maternal and Child Unit located in Ananindeua, in the metropolitan region of Belém. An interview script was used to collect the data in order to obtain information on the profile of mothers and their babies. Mothers responded to the KIDI, an instrument composed of 75 questions, divided into four categories: care practices, health and safety, rules and acquisitions and principles of development. The results indicated that the majority of the mothers were over 25 years of age, multiparous and of low schooling. Regarding the results of the application of the KIDI instrument, it was observed that the mothers answered 62% of the inventory questions and presented a performance of more than 50% of correctness in all the categories evaluated by the instrument, however the best results were obtained in The Health and Safety category (71.87%) and development principles (64.34%). Multiparity and the physical and social environment presented themselves as significant variables at the level of knowledge. From the results found, it is verified how important it is to know this context as a Development Niche that has a mutual relationship between environment, practices and the psychology of caregivers, and therefore, must be understood in its various dimensions. The study in prison context was satisfactory in that it provided important data for the reflection of public policies in the prison environment, possible orientations for mothers about child development and contributions for the improvement of the professionals' performance in the unit.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conta que eu conto: percepções de crianças sobre suas experiências de acolhimento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-19) CRUZ, Dalízia Amaral; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The interest to investigate child cares services from the perception that the child has the physical and social dynamics of the institution has been gaining visibility in the area of Development Psychology. This interest caused the emergence in the scientific – academic context of the need to search the perspective of child in care from the systemic approach that considers the person in development as active being in their developmental trajectory. In this sense, the study aimed to investigate the perceptions of children about their experiences of care in the context of “storytelling" activities. For this, was used to collect data semi structured interviews with six children from a host institution in the metropolitan region of Belém. The interview was conducted along six "storytelling" activities. For each day of activity an interview script was developed so that the questions were made coherently with specific time of each story. Six fairy tales were used: "When I feel angry", "The Three Little Pigs", "The Ugly Duckling", "Where the wild things are", "Choco finds a mother” and “Everybody is happy". The activities were filmed and transcribed in full for content analysis. Was also used a characterization formulary of the children to relate data obtained from the storytelling activities. The main results demonstrate that children did not know about the real reasons that determined their host; the teachers are cited by the children with the main reference figures; activities outside the institution were cited by children as something that made them happy and activities with tales also appeared as something that aroused feelings of happiness. The children report also suggests that there is interaction between siblings in the institution. For questions related to family, children, in general, did not talk much about, were monosyllabic, when questioned more directly, but alluded to family situations spontaneously, from the plot of the stories. The working with fairy tales proved satisfactory, in those facilitated and encouraged children to express about their experiences at the host institution.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crianças em acolhimento institucional: brincadeiras, espaços e interações
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-10) OLIVEIRA, Luísa Sousa Monteiro; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The objective of this study was to investigate the play contexts in a host institution for children in Belém-PA as a microsystem by analyzing the activities, interactions and roles. The participants were 10 children from five to six years old, of both genders, with the host time ranging from one to 12 months. Two contexts were elected to be observe in participants in situations of play: the structured context (SC), represented by the toy library; and the semistructured context (SSC), represented by the shed, the playground and the pool. 117 records of five minutes were recorded, amounting to 585 minutes of observation. The results showed that regarding the activities, the symbolic play category was the most frequent (43.25%), followed by the physical contingency (35.04%) and the exploratory play (8.38%). The choice of play varied depending on the context, the symbolic obtained the highest number of occurrences in the SC and physical contingencies in SSC. The themes of the plays varied according to the gender variable; the girls played with themes related to family and home life; on the other hand, boys preferred to play with themes related to super heroes and the world of work. The choice of partners was also influenced by the context, although the highest percentage of partnerships occur with the coevals, the SSC, allowed the children to interact with a more diverse and larger group of partners, and allow the approach of sibling groups. Differentiated gender roles were perceived; the boys took over more roles of villains, superheroes, while girls preferred to take roles of mother, daughter, doctor, etc. It is considered that the host institution represented an elementary microsystem of development, which should ensure and encourage, among other skills, the engagement of children in a large and diverse array of plays. The study elucidates the need for flexibility in the use of spaces, promoting interaction between siblings, developing strategies for integration of the educators in the contexts and creating opportunities that encourage aproximate the family to interact in the plays with children.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crianças em acolhimento institucional: percepções relativas à estrutura e dinâmica de suas famílias
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-11) MONTEIRO, Paula Danielle Souza; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The present study aimed at investigating the perception that children who are in institutional shelter have on the family structure and dynamic. This is a multiple-case study in which nine children with ages between six and seven years old took part; they were housed in a state institution from the state of Pará-Brazil. The data were collected by the use of an adapted characterization form, for the sociodemographic analysis, and the Family System Test (FAST) for the analysis of the perception the children have on family structure and dynamic. The main results show for the characterization that most of the participants were visited, and two participants were in the institution for a long period. In addition, gender and age were included in the selection criteria for partaking. It was verified that being visited by the parents is an important factor for the effective re-insertion of the child, shortening its permanence period in the institution. The data also showed that even though the institution has an exceptional and provisory character as a measure of protective, some children stay in the institution for a long period of time, demonstrating the weakening of family bonds. In addition, gender and age are responsible factors for the disruption of groups of siblings. To what concerns the FAST application, and also the characterization, they showed that the current concept of a nuclear family does not cover several new arrangements, demonstrating that the families represented by the participants were very diverse. In all representations there was a strong presence of the extensive family, specially of the grandparents, important characters in the welcoming process because they are the most common visitors after the mothers. In most representations, mainly in the conflict ones, by relating the cohesion and hierarchy scores it was identified an unbalanced family structure, with an excess of power concentration and little affective exchanges between the family members, revealing a family dynamic with little flexibility, indicating the existence of strict limits that imply in a poor interaction with other contexts besides the family. In addition, for a more effective approach with the children in this institutions and their family it is mandatory to listen to them, for their perception on their own situation may ease the approach of people working with this population. The results are also useful for the professionals that work in this area, such as the technical team of the institution (pedagogue, psychologist, and social worker), for it can capacitate those professionals to work with infancy, adolescence, and family in a position of social vulnerability, contributing to the theoretical and practical foundation of these professionals for the decision making during the processes. As these professionals have more theoretical foundations they can contribute to a more effective approach with the families, including them in the attended group and making them better caretakers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O cuidador como mediador no ensino de habilidade de engajamento conjunto para crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-12-19) SANTOS, Adrine Carvalho dos; GAROTTI, Marilice Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2218504886013525
Children with autism are characterized by significant deficits to engage in behaviors coordinated attention (CA). The CA impairment interfere with development of the child's attentional states, involving the joint engagement with each other. Hence, the use of interventions based on teaching this skill is becoming increasingly common. Results from various studies indicate that skills training targeted at parents is associated with increased communication and social skills of children with autism. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the intervention with caregivers program, based on the proposed by Kasari et al (2010) and examine the relationship between the caregiver responsiveness and engagement whole attention, and maintenance of new repertoire three months after completion the study (follow-up). Participants were seven caregivers and their children diagnosed with autism, aged between 47 and 67 months. The intervention program administered with the caregivers lasted two months, and consisted of four group meetings four individualized monitoring. Filming of moments of interaction between child and caregiver were performed in all phases of the study for further analysis, in addition, other measures were administered, they are, Social Interaction Scale, ABFW Test (pragmatic language) and Scale of Adherence to Training . The results indicated significant differences in the duration of the joint engagement (p = 0.016) and non-joint (p = 0.018) measured before and after the intervention, the Wilcoxon test for repeated measures showed significant differences (p = 0.016) in the behavior of caregivers after the intervention, there were no significant changes in pragmatic language of children. The data indicated that the course promoted changes in the pattern of engagement of the child with the caregiver and also promoted an increase in the responsiveness of caregivers, and these gains were maintained during the session seguimento.Os findings were relevant to strengthen the importance of develop intervention programs that empower parents to promote improvements in sociocomunicativas skills of their children with autism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desempenho neuropsicomotor de crianças em creches no município de Belém: uma análise a partir do teste de triagem do desenvolvimento de Denver II
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-03) SILVA, Mariane Lopes da; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
This research aimed to analyze the neuropsychomotor development (NPMD) of children aged aroud 3 years old who attend Child Education Units (CEU) in Belém using data from their performance (successes and failures) in the Denver II Developmental Screening Test (DDSTII). To this end, two descriptive-exploratory studies were conducted. The first was a systematic review of researches envolving the assessment of child development in Brazil, which aimed for the identification of the instruments used to assess the neuropsychomotor development (NPMD) of children and the variables considered favorable or unfavorable to the acquisitions expected in this process. The following indexed databases were used: Virtual Health Library-VHL (Scielo, Medline, Lilacs), SCOPUS, PubMed and Web of Science. There were included 48 studies (91,66%) and, in this ones, identified 13 assessment instruments. The DDST II was the most used instrument and the low socioeconomic status was the most frequent variable among the factors and conditions considered unfavorable for the development. The second study the children NPMD profile analysing their performance in the DDST-II, questioning possible differences related to gender. There were participating in this study 318 children enrolled in public Child Education Units (CEU) of the city of Belém (Brazil). To evaluate the performance of children in the DDST II in relation to gender, frequency analysis and t test were used. It was verified that girls performed better than boys in three of the four studied areas in the test: personal-social (p < 0.001), motor-fine (p = 0.017) and language (p = 0.014). In the gross motor area there were no significant differences between the sexes. When analyzing the performance of children in performing the test, it was observed that in the Personal-Social area the failed items were the same for boys and girls: 'Wash hands', 'Appoint 1 friend', 'Wear the shirt'. In the fine motor area, boys failed more in these items, 'Imitate the vertical line', 'Make the 8 cubes tower' and 'Indicate the longest line', as the girls failed more in the following items, 'Make the 8 cubes tower', 'Copy a circle' and 'Copy a cross'. In the area of language, boys failed more in this items, 'Know two adjectives', 'Appoint 1 color' and 'Use of 3 objects' and the girls in 'Appoint 1 color', 'Account 1 block' and 'Use of 3 objects'. In the gross motor area, children of both sexes failed more in the items: 'Play ball from top to bottom', 'broad jump' and Jump with only one foot'. Apart from these, the girls showed poorer performance also in the item 'Equilibrate in only 1 foot for 2 seconds'. It is emphasized the importance of monitoring the NPMD and the need to offer theoretical and empirical subsidies for intervention in order to minimize the damage that possible delays expected in the period can represent to all areas or any of them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento linguístico de crianças de Belém: associação com características pessoais e ambientais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-07) COSTA, Elson Ferreira; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
This study aimed to analyze the profile neurodevelopmental status of children enrolled in preschools in Belém, with a focus in language, according to the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST), with this purpose, two studies, both quantitative and cross-sectional, with descriptive and exploratory were performed. The first one investigated the neurodevelopmental profile of children, according to their presence in the Administrative Districts of Belém. The score on DDST was assessed, and their neurodevelopmental status (normal or delay) and distribution on the districts were described. The second study examined the associations between the score of language, according to DDST, with the personal and contextual variables. For both studies, 319 children from elementary schools were selected, from August to December 2012. For assessment of development the DDST was applied. The instruments were a questionnaire administered to parents to collect personal, contextual and family data and an instrument to measure the level of family poverty. The results of the first study indicated that 77.7 % of potential developmental suspected delay and 59.2% of potential delay in language. The level of family poverty variable showed a statistically significant association with development score (p=0.011) and language (p=0.003). The results of the second study indicates that 59.2% delay were associated with language. The variables that showed a statistically significant relationship with language development were paternal education (p=0.003), maternal age (p=0.03) and family poverty level (p=0.003). The high prevalence of suspected delay in the development at the children highlights the need of implementation of programs to stimulated and monitor the infant development, using instruments such as the DDST. In addition, alert to the poses of risk factors that may interfere with the neurodevelopment in early years.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de crianças das unidades de educação infantil do município de Belém: características pessoais e fatores ambientais associados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-08-08) GUERREIRO, Talitha Buenaño França; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
Child development is considered a sequence of changes in behavior and underlying processes, being influenced by biological and environmental factors. Screening and monitoring the neurodevelopment (DNPM) have been shown to be effective procedures for early identification of different disorders of childhood development. This study was focused on children aged 36-48 months attending Early Childhood Education Units (SIU), distributed in the Administrative Districts of the city of Belém. It aimed to relate their state of the neurodevelopment to personal characteristics and variables from the ecological environment. The study is cross-sectional, descriptive exploratory. For the development assessment, it was used the Developmental Screening Test II Denver. For the characterization of families, it was used a questionnaire oriented to the biopsychosocial characteristics of the child, and an instrument for measuring the poverty level of their families. The study revealed that of the 319 children evaluated, 77.74% had probable delays in development. The variables that were statistically significant were paternal education (0.000 **), the child's primary caregiver (0.039 *), and pregnancy planning (0.007 *). Regarding the instrument measuring the level of urban poverty, the scores ranged from 28 to 52 points, and showed a statistically significant relation with the outcome (0.003). The high prevalence of probable developmental delays seen in children of the city’s UEI showed the need to introduce early stimulation programs, encouraging the monitoring of child development through screening, in addition to alert for the issue of negative interference of socioeconomic and cultural factors in child growth and development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Discriminações auditivo-visuais e a emergência de tatos em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: uma replicação sistemática
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-08) CARVALHO, Rhayssa Fernandes da Silva; SILVA, Flávia Teresa Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9875105389453993; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
Establishing auditory-visual conditional discriminations is a key step in protocols for teaching children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, there is a variety of procedures that have been used for teaching this repertoire. Recently, Fisher et al. (2019) showed that procedure package (which included 'conditional only' discriminative training, use of echoic response as a differential observation response, identity-match prompt with progressive delay, and error correction) favored the learning of auditory-visual discriminations in four children with ASD, and the emergence of tacts of the visual stimuli for two of them. The present study performed a systematic replication of Fisher et al. (2019), removing initially the requirement for echoic responses from the procedure package, in order to evaluate the role of this component in the acquisition of auditory-visual discriminations and tacts in children with ASD. A multiple baseline across stimuli design was used. The results showed that echoic response requirement was necessary for the participants to learn most of the auditory-visual discriminations, and that two participants presented emergence of tacts to some of the visual stimuli. The procedure package efficiency on teaching listener responses, possible treatments interference effects, component analysis, and the role of echoic on the emergence of tacts are discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estresse e expectativa de futuro na adolescência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-02) FLORÊNCIO, Cybelle Bezerra Sousa; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
Adolescence is a very important period in human development and due to their vulnerability, there may be events that trigger stress and influence the future expectations of young people. This study aimed to verify the stress, hopelessness and future expectations and the relationship of these variables with each other, in a sample of 295 students, high school students of a private confessional school system. The results indicated that stress interferes with the teenager's future expectations and adolescent hopelessness levels. However, most teens had low levels of stress and hopelessness. It concludes that despite the common vulnerability to the period of adolescence, it is possible to experience this phase healthily.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estresse e metas de socialização de pais de crianças com e sem transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-27) TAVERNARD, Edimeire Pastori de Magalhães; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
The behaviors that a person with ADHD has can cause a tangle of feelings within the family and within social, wearing their relations which can lead to rejection of that individual or even exclusion from the social group to which they are ligados.Esta research aimed to investigate the presence of stress and socialization goals of parents of children with and without ADHD. For this purpose, two studies were conducted. At first it was assessed the presence of stress in parents of children with and without ADHD and checked if there was correlation of these levels with attentional impairments and hyperactivity patterns / impulsivity of their children. In the second investigated the socialization goals and strategies of parents of children with and without ADHD. Participated in both estudos78 parents, divided into two groups: experimental group formed by parents of children or adolescentescom the diagnosis of ADHD and control group formed by parents of children without the diagnosis. Data were collected in a University Hospital and duasescolasregulares the public network in the city of Belém / PA. The instruments used were: Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, MTA-SNAP IV, Parenting Stress Index (PSI) .The first study results showed that the stress level of parents of children without ADHD (GC) was higher than that of parents of children with ADHD (GE) and the second study showed that parents of both groups have their main goals related to self-improvement, differing as the action strategies used to achieve the goals.