Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento - PPGTPC/NTPC
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2332
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (PPGTPC), que integra o Núcleo de Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento(NTPC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), iniciou suas atividades em 1987 com o curso de Mestrado Acadêmico em Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento. O curso de Doutorado passou a ser oferecido a partir do ano 2000.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caracterização do chamado de alarme de Dasyprocta sp. e Cuniculus paca (Rodentia, Caviomorpha) em cativeiro(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-31) SILVA, João Gabriel Souza; SILVA, Maria Luisa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2101884291102108The social mammal present complex and sophisticate vocal behavior, they are able to send and receive precise information about the environment and the interactions of the group. The order Rodentia, the biggest among mammals, has species that developed wide vocal repertoire in order to intermediate both interspecific and intraspecific relationships. During threatening context, some rodents emit specific vocalizations classified as alarm calls, these calls allow the perception of the threat and the possibility of subsequent reaction such as fight or scape. These reactions in the context of threat provide to these rodent species an effective defense against predation. In this context, we described and compared the acoustic parameter of the alarm call of the agouti (Dasyprocta sp.) and the lowland paca (Cuniculus paca) using the sonographic analysis of their vocalizations recorded in captivity. We realized the register of the agonistic calls of 16 individuals of Dasyprocta sp. and 6 individuals of C. paca in the vivarium placed in the Federal University of Para in a total of 85 minutes of recording. We recorded alarm calls during the social interactions that happened in their respective cages. The bioacoustics analysis of the 539 alarm calls of the agouti demonstrate that the frequency bandwidth varies from 224 to 978 Hz and the duration is 898 ms. The 95 alarm calls of the lowland paca analyzed presented frequency bandwidth that varied from 340 to 1280 Hz, the mean of the call’s duration was 1967 ms. The sound characteristics of these so called indicated that there is a predominance of lower frequencies of the acoustic signal of the two species, but the pacas can reach high and low frequencies much larger than the agoutis, and issue of longer duration signals. The principal components analysis (PCA) revealed that the alarm calls of both species are differentiated primarily by the maximum duration and frequency of the beeps.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Desempenho de crianças brasileiras nos subtestes de execução da escala de inteligência wechsler (4 – edição)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-05) PAZ, Carlos Eduardo Dias Oliveira da; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186; GOUVEIA JR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274This study will address the performance assessment on the WISC´s execution subtests in public and particular school children in the city of Belém in the state of Pará. The targer age group for this project will be from 06 years and 01 month until 16 years and 11 months. The chosen tool to perform this project will be the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition Brazilian (WISC IV). The assessment will still have as objectives the development of data which will be compared to the North-American samples for the padronization of the WISC IV. It´s worth to highlight that the application of the scale will be complete. The motor performance of the child can be studied through mensuration of the observable behavior, through psychometric tests or assessment by psychological testes that utilize standard scales. In Brazil the utilization of the WISC Scale is wide. The study of learning factors in a city like Belém will be of major importance for the knowledge of performance problems in education in the city, but mainly for helping in the elucidation of the relation between the neuropsychological motor development and culture.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Discriminações auditivo-visuais e a emergência de tatos em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista: uma replicação sistemática(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-08) CARVALHO, Rhayssa Fernandes da Silva; SILVA, Flávia Teresa Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9875105389453993; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201Establishing auditory-visual conditional discriminations is a key step in protocols for teaching children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, there is a variety of procedures that have been used for teaching this repertoire. Recently, Fisher et al. (2019) showed that procedure package (which included 'conditional only' discriminative training, use of echoic response as a differential observation response, identity-match prompt with progressive delay, and error correction) favored the learning of auditory-visual discriminations in four children with ASD, and the emergence of tacts of the visual stimuli for two of them. The present study performed a systematic replication of Fisher et al. (2019), removing initially the requirement for echoic responses from the procedure package, in order to evaluate the role of this component in the acquisition of auditory-visual discriminations and tacts in children with ASD. A multiple baseline across stimuli design was used. The results showed that echoic response requirement was necessary for the participants to learn most of the auditory-visual discriminations, and that two participants presented emergence of tacts to some of the visual stimuli. The procedure package efficiency on teaching listener responses, possible treatments interference effects, component analysis, and the role of echoic on the emergence of tacts are discussed.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeito de diferentes paisagens sonoras em tarefas cognitivas aplicadas à estudantes da Universidade Federal do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-12) SENA, Luiz Ramirez Bezerra; SILVA, Maria Luisa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2101884291102108The sounds are in our daily lives and interferes a lot in our daily activities and our behavior. They can give us positive or negative effects due to their physical qualities and the context in which we operate. According to the World Health Organization, the urban noise is the main source of damage to hearing of world's population and can interfere in very important practices for execution of activities involving an effort of attention, such as when reading a book or even in the process of learning. The objective of this study was to quantify the influence of three soundscapes in performing a cognitive activity. Then we proposed an experiment in which participants were submitted to a sound environment, here classified as urban, rural or silent while performing a memory test of symbols. The results showed that the effects of urban and rural sounds do not influence positively or negatively significantly the performance of students in this type of task in comparison to silent soundscape. However, it still needs further long-term studies to assess the possible cognitive effects of exposure to these soundscapes.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Elementos paramétricos da agressão em Danio Rerio(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-07-07) MANSUR, Bruno de Matos; GOUVEIA JR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274Aggressiveness is a set of behaviors that play a important in the adaptation and survival of individuals. The study and development of behavioral tests with Danio rerio has great relevance for several areas science, providing the scientist with a reliable instrument that monitors behaviors on a simpler scale. The objective of this work is to establish an aggression study model in Danio rerio, in which subjects are exposed to isolation, followed by agonistic interaction and to verify that the outcome of a influence the outcome of subsequent matches. To do so, we developed three experiments: I - To determine the effects of the isolation time on the aggressiveness; II - Determine the effect of the opponent's nature on the pattern of aggression and whether there is continuity in the pattern of winning / losing with various opponents; III - Determine whether there is continuity in the Win / Loss pattern with the same opponent. Our experiments show that the best isolation time to elicit the display aggressive of the fish Danio rerio is the one of 6h; the outcome of fights with new opponents naive is not influenced by the outcome of previous struggles; and the result of fights with the same opponent is entirely influenced by the outcome of the previous matches. The fact that the subject recognizes his opponent as the same opponent of the previous fight seems to be a relevant factor in the establishment and maintenance of the hierarchy, since this does not hold when the subject struggles with a new naive subject. The acknowledgment of the opponent appears to be relevant behavior for the establishment and hierarchy in the group, influencing patterns of aggression.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estrutura e organização de sistemas complexos de comportamento vocal em cinco espécies do Gênero Turdus (Aves, Passeriformes, Turdinae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-07) NASCIMENTO, Luis Fernando Teixeira; SILVA, Maria Luisa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2101884291102108Communication is essential for animal life maintenance. In birds prevails acoustic communication, the song is the sound emission that has the specific recognition function, can be repetitive and predictable or complex with variations levels between individuals conspecifics. The genus Turdus provides members with a melodious and varied song, as is the case of five syntopic species in Brazil (T. leucomelas, T. rufiventris, T. fumigatus, T. amaurochalinus and T. albicollis), the high variation level may to cause recognition confusion of these species among experienced researchers and lovers in the listening birds practice. The structure analysis and complex organization of communication systems can give us answers to their functionality. In present study we gathered recordings of 72 individuals of five species above mentioned, from various localities, identified and named each of the 4826 notes, the song units of sound, and we measure their physical parameters. Through mathematical tools based on the theory of information verified the individual predictability of the corner and use as a criterion for comparison between individuals and species. We analyzed the data, sketched sequences and synthesized the results of cluster analysis to define the structure and organization of the song. The analyzes showed similarity in the song complexity of species compared some specific patterns were observed, such as T. amaurochalinus showed the highest values of the rhythm of the song and the maximum frequency of the notes, T. albicollis stood out by low values of these parameters, as for T. leucomelas, T. rufiventris and T. fumigatus was not observed characteristics, the three species show great variation in the parameters analyzed. But the evolutionary success of these species makes it clear that their songs are successful to exercise the functions of communication and specific recognition.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Exigência de ecoicos no ensino por múltiplos exemplares: efeito na emergência de nomeação bidirecional em crianças com autismo(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-10) QUEIROZ, Adriane Gomes; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201Naming can be characterized as a high order bidirectional behavioral relationship which integrates listener and speaker functions through learning of tact, echoic and listener behaviors that occurs during early stages of children's development. Once established in individual’s repertoire, Bidirectional Naming allows the emergence of a skill from direct teaching of other. The present study investigated, using alternating treatment design, the effects of multiple exemplar instruction (MEI) on the emergence of Bidirectional Naming with and without echoic response requirement during MEI’s listener trials for three children with autism. Results show that MEI was effective in inducing Bidirectional Naming for two children (P1 and P3), and that condition with echoic requirement produced more rapidly independent tact and listener responses for two children (P2 and P3) during MEI. However, P1 presented a high percentage of echoics even in the non-requirement condition. Effectiveness of MEI for each participant, their performances in conditions with and without echoic requirement and possible influence of these conditions on Bidirectional Naming’s emergence as well as limitations and suggestions for future studies are discussed.