Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia - PPGP/IFCH

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2329

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia (PPGP) do Instituto de Filosofia de Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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A clínica psicanalítica no hospital: a elaboração do sofrimento psíquico a partir da angústia em pacientes oncológicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-10) SOUZA, Elaine Antunes de; PENA, Breno Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1587208433134328
This present work will address the dimension of the psychoanalytic clinic in the hospital, considering the psychic elaboration of suffering in subjects who are overcome by anguish when facing an oncological diagnosis. In the context of oncological treatment, we find the social representation of the disease associated with death, still considered a taboo topic. This social imaginary has very ancient roots in history, being marked by intense physical and psychological suffering, since the disease was often accompanied by death, regardless of the treatment carried out. When it comes to illness due to cancer, the exercise of psychoanalysis in the hospital takes place on an urgent basis, or better said, subjective urgency, in which we seek to understand the psychic repercussions, which are shaken at this moment of illness. The idea of subjective urgency refers to the breaking of the subject's speech when faced with something unbearable, without symbolic mediation. At this moment, lacking words to name this situation, the ill subject positions his psychic reality in action. Suffering manifested through human relationships and the finiteness of one's own body presents itself in an imperious way, as it links suffering to what is ineluctable and escapes the subject's full control. And the body, as it is part of nature, imposes limits in relation to its functioning and duration, which in this case, we can consider the experience of psychological suffering in cancer, being manifested in the body. To understand anguish, which from the beginning became central in psychoanalytic theory, Freud came across this concept in the clinic of neuroses, starting to investigate its forms of psychic manifestations, developing his theory addressing this important concept. In his Draft It is considered one of the most important writings addressed to Fliess, on the affect of anxiety, which associates it with another central concept in psychoanalytic theory, sexuality. We can observe that Freud writes about two theories, the first mentioned as being a transformation of libido and the second, the theory of repression. For Lacan, anguish is an affect, but he considers it not to be a symptom. To the extent that it configures anguish as an affect, it characterizes it aimlessly, completely adrift, because it is never repressed. It is this characteristic of it that makes it so unsettling, as it is not tied to the network of signifiers that is impossible to represent. In this way, the psychoanalytic clinic in the health institution considers the difference between illness inscribed in the body and illness as an experience. In this aspect, the psychoanalyst will seek to provide the transition from the event itself to an experience, enabling the construction of subjectivation, elevating such illness to the position of experience producing unique knowledge. Since we are part of the hospital institution, it is important to think about the time of each subject, since the temporality of the hospital ignores its own temporality. Lacan presents us with the problematic of logic regarding time, discussing the constitution of three instances, namely: the moment of seeing, the time of understanding, the moment of concluding. We can associate these three concepts with the experience of becoming ill with cancer. Being the moment of seeing, the oncological diagnosis and despair emerged in the face of the certainty of one's own death, confronting the patient with the reality of human finitude. When moving to the time of understanding, with the establishment of transference, the subject reaches the process of psychic elaboration. And finally, the psychic work ends with the moment of concluding what you asked about. And as the subject is faced with such subjective experiences, he is confronted with the transience of his own life. The research method used was the clinical case study, carried out in a hospital institution in Belém do Pará, a reference in oncological treatment. The general objective was to understand psychoanalytic clinical practice in the hospital context, specifically the psychic elaboration based on the experience of anguish in cancer patients. The specific objectives included the investigation of the conception of anguish by Freud, Lacan and their commentators, the exploration of the relationship between anguish and cancer, and the identification of the process of elaboration of psychological suffering in cancer patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A construção da(s) subjetividade(s) masculina(s): um percurso teórico entre Freud e Stoller
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-26) GONÇALVES, Ricardo César dos Santos; SOUZA, Mauricio Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4730551301673902; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-000X
O presente trabalho aborda a construção da(s) subjetividades(s) masculina(s) em um percurso psicanalítico inicialmente delineado por Freud e, posteriormente, ampliado por Robert Stoller. O trajeto metodológico estabelecido para esta dissertação se fundamenta a partir da pesquisa teórica em psicanálise. Entretanto, é pertinente ressaltar que, embora a pesquisa privilegie a psicanálise como seu principal aporte teórico, este trabalho não negligencia as contribuições provenientes de outras áreas do conhecimento, especialmente das abordagens sociológicas e dos estudos de gênero. O intuito desse trabalho pode ser dividido em quatro aspectos centrais: (1) demonstrar como o conceito de gênero se integrou a teoria psicanalítica; (2) conceitualizar a noção de masculinidade(s) por intermédio de um percurso histórico subdividido em três tempos – Antigo, Medieval e Moderno –, dessa forma, ratificando como o conceito pode ser mutável e interdependente de cenários sócio-históricos; (3) investigar as peculiaridades da subjetivação masculina na obra freudiana e; (4) analisar as contribuições teóricas do psicanalista norte-americano Robert Stoller, centralizando nossos esforços em examinar o conceito de “identidade de gênero”, introduzido pelo mesmo no âmbito psicanalítico. Por fim, nas considerações finais, faremos observações sobre os possíveis desdobramentos dessa pesquisa. Além disso, teceremos apontamentos críticos em relação à escassez de estudos que versam sobre os homens e a masculinidade tanto no meio psicanalítico quanto em outras produções acadêmicas brasileiras. Em última instância, espera-se que esse trabalho possa contribuir para o aprimoramento da temática proposta e, concomitantemente, servir de amparo às investigações futuras.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crise do masculino e ascenção de discursos autoritários: possíveis afinidades entre o ideal viril e a personalidade autoritária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-13) SATO, Yukimi Mori Mesquita; CORRÊA, Hevellyn Ciely da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7758199768776827; SOUZA, Mauricio Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4730551301673902; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-000X
In an attempt to define masculinity, we are generally faced with an inflexible set of attributes necessary for the identification of the subject as a man and which, at least apparently, would confirm a certain universality, being supported especially in the opposition and distancing of identifiers considered feminine. Considering that the characteristics from which men seek to distance themselves are not exclusive to feminine subjectivity, but comprise part of the human experience, the attempt by men to suppress certain emotions may be at the origin of a malaise resulting from this internal conflict which, when projected outwards, has violence as one of its possible expressions. At this point, we evidence the existence of a link between characteristics attributed to the masculine and the ideal constantly reenacted by authoritarian subjects. Thus, we seek to question masculinity sustained by the exercise of virility and established as an invariable standard and, with this, we aim to understand: how does the construction of male subjectivity based on specific ideals such as virility, strength and rationality relate to the growing naturalization of authoritarian manifestations directed at external groups – or out-groups? Does the exercise of a masculinity supported by virile ideals necessarily culminate in an authoritarian character? How may the social changes related to gender that have occurred in recent decades have impacted the male position in society and its attempt to guarantee the security of identity by returning to a virility that remains through time? In view of the aforementioned questions, we undertook a theoretical and bibliographical research, approaching the theories of Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan and Theodor Adorno, from which it was possible to infer that both the attempts to homogenize masculinity and the authoritarian massification objectives follow the same unconscious trajectories: they start from the presumption of the possibility of achieving total enjoyment, an imaginary completeness, even if it has to be conquered and maintained by force. It is in this direction that the governing ideals of both spheres are supported by the emphasis on the semblance, on the ritualistic character, since the symbolic would constitute the only sphere capable of sustaining an appearance of completeness. In this way, the search for hegemony, an unquestionable totality, results from the predominance of the phallic signifier as the organizer of social ties, resulting in the categorization and hierarchization of subjects taken as objects of satisfaction of some others who are allocated in positions of dominance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Porque escrever parece com não morrer: uma leitura psicanalítica do romance Um Sopro de Vida de Clarice Lispector
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-12) OLIVEIRA, Gabrielle de Kassia Carrera de; SANTOS, Camila Backes dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7312660915177665; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-7276-8252; CORREA, Hevellyn Ciely da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7758199768776827
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A subjetividade da criança como chave de leitura para os entraves no processo de aprendizagem: a importância do laço educadora-criança no processo de inclusão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-01) PAIVA, Erika dos Santos; BARROS, Izabella Paiva Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1803233392625209
Being education a fundamental and necessary precept for the individual in development, the Statute of Children and Adolescents (ECA) postulates that every child and adolescent has the right to be literate. In this way, two important concepts are understood in this context: literacy, defined by the teaching of codes and letters that make up the standardized education system, and literacy skills represented by behaviors and techniques that go beyond the mastery and construction of alphabetical and spelling systems, that is, it encompasses the ability to interpret and contextualize. Although Decree 7,611/11 emphasizes the importance of specialized educational attention for children with disabilities, global developmental disorders, and high abilities, ensuring the inclusion of children with obstacles in literacy or psychological constitution in the school environment constitutes a true dilemma for most regular education teachers, as numerous questions arise about how to carry out this inclusion. Therefore, the schooling of children with learning difficulties requires active participation from teachers, the school, and, above all, the child as the protagonist with a voice in their own life story. The personalized bond between the teacher and the child in cases of obstacles in literacy allows the educator to have a new perspective on the subject's subjectivity, providing space for the recognition of the desiring subject. This transferential bond, according to psychoanalysis, is a facilitating and necessary means in the relationship between peers. In this way, the research aims to discuss, through a case study, the importance of the teacher considering, in addition to cognitive competencies, the child's subjectivity in the inclusion process. For this, as a research method, the articulation of an exploratory study with a qualitative approach was used, with the support of the qualitative clinical method that draws on psychoanalytic knowledge, such as transference and the unconscious. The study sample consisted of a therapeutic companion/teacher and a child, who was invited to participate in the research for being a user of the health service of the Center for Women's and Children's Health Care (Casmuc) and for attending Basic Education, inclusion criteria. The instrument used for data collection was APEGI (Psychoanalytic Follow-up of Children in Schools, Groups, and Institutions), composed of a semi-directed interview script and some indicators that report on the quality of the child's bond with others. The data were processed quantitatively and qualitatively and served as the basis for the construction of the clinical case. All desirable ethical recommendations for research involving human subjects were respected and followed. The case of Lucas Explorer indicates that the therapeutic companion-child bond, established through the careful gaze of the professional who made a commitment to what Lucas knew and not to what he did not know, helped support the becoming of the student as a desiring subject, allowing him to speak and have an active voice in society. In this way, the place he previously occupied, that of a child reduced to a label based on a diagnosis, can be left behind.

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