Dissertações em Geografia (Mestrado) - PPGEO/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2346

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2004 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (PPGEO) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 33

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A cidade desigual e a segregação planejada: o caso dos reassentamentos urbanos coletivos em Altamira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-26) SOARES, Darismar Silva; MIRANDA NETO, José Queiroz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3367795786739987
This research analyzed the process of removal of poor communities from Altamira who lived in the floodplain areas of the Altamira, Ambé and Panelas streams, to Collective Urban Settlements (RUC) in outlying areas. The study is based on the installation of the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant in Altamira and the re-urbanization of the central areas, which, among other factors, culminated in the removal of thousands of families, changing the entire dynamic of their lives. Our main objective is to demonstrate that the process of planned removals of the residents of the baixões is constituted as socio-spatial segregation. In this way, we present elements that prove the idea raised. The methodology used was qualitative research where we sought, through semi-structured interviews with residents, to identify elements that prove socio-spatial segregation. The results of this study showed that the residents are dissatisfied with the change of their homes, mainly due to the mobility factor, and that the distance from the central areas caused other problems such as unemployment, increased poverty, violence, low quality of education, health problems, social isolation, loss of affective ties with neighbors and family, loss of identity with the river, among other social and psychological problems. Thus, this research proves the initial thesis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cidades pequenas na Amazônia: um estudo das particularidades urbanas da cidade de Brasil Novo, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-03-10) CRUZ, Hugo Alessandro Meireles; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
The Legal Amazon, which encompasses a vast area of tropical forest, has been deeply affected by economic and political dynamics since the mid-twentieth century. In this context, this study aims to understand the urban dynamics of the city of Brasil Novo, considering its unique characteristics as a small city in the Amazon. The socio-spatial formation of the city is understood to have resulted from policies aimed at developing and integrating the Brazilian Amazon into the national economy. The method used to analyze the processes shaping Brasil Novo is historical and dialectical materialism, which supports interpretations based on the periodization of the city’s spatial phenomena to explain its reality. The following methodological procedures were employed: a) documentary and bibliographic research; b) secondary data collection; c) administration of surveys in the city’s commercial sector; and d) administration of surveys in residential neighborhoods. The research revealed that Brasil Novo, which emerged with the construction of the BR-230 highway, exhibits socio-spatial dynamics marked by strong integration between rural and urban areas, driven by agricultural production and the actions of various social and economic agents. The highway plays a central role in connecting the city to external markets and integrating it into the regional urban network. Additionally, it was observed that the neighborhoods of Centro, Cidade Alta, and Jardim Valadares display distinct socioeconomic dynamics, reflecting the productive and social transformations that have occurred over time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O circuito inferior da economia urbana em uma cidade ribeirinha da Amazônia: uma análise a partir de Porto de Moz- PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-15) CASTRO, Jéssica Ferreira de; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-8249-5024; AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6997234298024427
This research aims to understand the urban economy of a riverside city in the Amazon, in light of the theory of spatial circuits of the urban economy - the upper and lower circuit, proposed by Milton Santos in 1970. The locus of this research is the city of Porto de Moz/PA, located in the Lower Xingu (mesoregion of the Lower Amazon), at the confluence of the Xingu River and the Amazon River. The focus of the research analysis is to understand, through the theory of circuits, the urban economy of a riverside city, considering that the small riverside cities of the Amazon present peculiarities regarding their formation, the relationship with the river, and traditional ways of life. Thus, the dynamics and elements of these cities differ from other regions, as many emerged during colonization in the Amazon and through developmental projects in the region. In this sense, the riverside cities of the Amazon present a lower and traditional economy, it is hypothesized that the city of Porto de Moz is based on a lower economy that contributes directly and indirectly to the local economy. Through the realization of field research through (photographic/aerial records, application of forms with commercial agents, in addition to cartographic mapping), it was found that the city of Porto de Moz presents more elements and characteristics of the lower circuit and the marginal upper circuit, since the city aggregates different economic agents, such as fishermen, street vendors, hawkers, etc., these local agents contribute significantly to the local and regional economy of the city, as it establishes economic relations with the other municipalities in the region around it, and also, has economic relations with the RESEX, which is part of the territory.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Das águas para a cidade e da cidade pelas águas: mudanças e permanências em Maracanã/PA, uma cidade ribeirinha-costeira do Salgado Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-07) COSTA, Valter Pinheiro da; AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6997234298024427
This research has as its theme: The city-river relationship and the Amazon coastal space. The object of analysis is: the production of urban space based on the city-river relationship and the coastal space. The locus is Maracanã/PA, a city of ancient colonization in the Salgado Paraense egion, which has had its dynamics altered over time by different processes of territorial modernization. It is an urban center linked to the river-floodplain-forest pattern of spatial organization (Gonçalves, 2015), with economic dynamics linked to the past and to the river-sea routes, revealing the city's articulation with a temporality not fully assimilated by the activities and ways of life recently implemented. In view of this, the question is: how has the production of urban space occurred in the city of Maracanã, considering the dialectic of riverside socio-spatial changes and permanences, intrinsic to the city-river relationship and the coastal space, in the face of the territorial dynamics derived from the action of the State and the interests of capital? The main objective is to analyze socio-spatial changes and continuities manifested in the relationship between the city of Maracanã and the river and coastal space, in light of the territorial dynamics of roads, fishing modernization, tourism and Conservation Units (UC). The main hypothesis is that, in the process of coexistence of intra-urban socio-spatial changes and permanences, the riverside-coastal dynamics of Maracanã/PA continue to produce a space of resistance with Amazonian characteristics typical of the dynamics that the city establishes as the river and the coastal space. This occurs even in the face of the transformative territorial modernization that advances due to the action of the State and the interests of capital, such as the opening of the branch known as “Old Road” and the PA-127; projects arising from the modernization of fishing, such as the fires at the Industrial Fishing Complex in the Itacoã neighborhood, beach tourism and the Maracanã Extractive Reserve Conservation Unit. The method of analysis used was the Regressive-Progressive. The methodological procedures applied were: literature review, document analysis, field research, photographic records, open interviews, application of forms and cartographic representations. The basic theory used the social production of space from the Lefebvrian perspective, as well as its application to studies of regional “urban diversity” (Trindade Jr., 2010, p. 235) with qualitative research techniques. As a result, the hypothesis initially proposed was proven. Thus, the city of Maracanã continues to produce a space of resistance with the presence of a “riverside” or way of life characteristic of the people who live on the banks of Amazonian water sources (Rente Neto and Furtado, 2015, p. 159), typical of the dynamics that the city establishes with the river and the coastal space. Thus, the Maracanã River in the coastal space continues to have great socioeconomic and cultural importance, although the city currently has a bimodal transportation system, with the road being the most used route. Therefore, Maracanã continues to maintain a Strong relationship with the river, manifesting characteristics of an authentic riverside-coastal city, due to its location on the riverbank in the coastal space, its historical genesis related to the first colonization process in the Amazon, its strong relationship with its immediate surroundings and the region, its values, daily habits and economic dynamics linked to traditional activities such as artisanal fishing.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desigualdade socioespacial e produção da moradia: uma análise a partir da cidade de Tucuruí, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-10-18) SALGADO, Valeria Suanne Pereira; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
In 2020, the discussion about housing and the housing rights gains strength in the context of the global pandemic given the needs of social isolation, which affects different social groups across the globe in many ways, highlighting socio-spatial inequalities that permeate society, based on the capitalist production mode translating into housing access inequalities. At the regional level, it is worth to note that urban space and the cities in the Amazon, while in 21st century, have been undergoing deep transformations associated with determinations inherent to the capital propagation in the urban-regional space, the advancement of new economic agents, the extensive territory urbanization permeated by elements that have contributed to the production of socio-spatial inequalities. Amidst the interpretation of these processes it is essential to consider the participation of the State in the ‘territory urbanization’ production and its influence on the constitution of the current Amazon urban network. On a local scale, the Tucuruí city stands out, which underwent a high demographic growth from the period of construction of the UHT and presents itself as a fertile soil for study, taking into account the particularities and diversities of the Brazilian and Amazonian urban space. Thus, this research is based on the premise that the housing production within the urban space scope constitutes a focus and indicator to capture the dynamics, shapes and processes of Socio-spatial Inequalities. In this regard, this dissertation aims to show how the issue of housing and housing rights are spatialized in the Tucuruí city, especially in the period from 2000 to 2020. And referring to the aforementioned period, it is necessary to highlight that this is constituted a 'clipping' and as such is part of a historical-geographic 'whole', which cannot be studied in an isolated and stagnated manner. The cut helps in the development of the research and the formulation of its problems, in order to enable a clearer focus on the processes to be unveiled, taking as quidelines the historical and dialectical materialism and its perspective on reality. The pandemic scenario made field research impracticable, so the search for primary data was carried out through semi-structured interviews, remote application of questionnaires, both over the phone and through instant messaging platforms and e-mai along with the use of tools such as Google Earth Pro, ArcGis 10.1, QGIS. 2.18.20 for the elaboration of cartographic products and treatment of the collected data, in order to demonstrate the materiality of the distribution and accessibility of goods and services to capture the conditions of spatial injustice, as well as the Sociospatial Inequalities present in the current Tucuruí urban space.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desterritorialização e reterritorialização das famílias da comunidade Deus é Amor com a construção da usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte em Vitória do Xingu
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-20) AMORIM, Edilane Bezerra; HERRERA, José Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
This dissertation discusses the transformations that took place in the Deus é Amor community, municipality of Vitória do Xingu, with the construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric power plant, which, upon arriving in the territory, disrupted the socio-spatial organization of the families, in addition to causing a rupture with the place. and change the ways of life historically established by the subjects, contributing to the geographical movement Territorialization-Deterritorialization-Reterritorialization (TDR) in the Amazon. The community under study is part of what was demarcated by the hydroelectric project through the studies of the EIA-Rima (2009) as a rural Directly Affected Area, located in the sector referring to the Canals Reservoir. This area began to be occupied by families in the early 1980s, until 2011 had 59 families, and after the arrival of the Belo Monte HPP there were only 5 remaining families. The development of the research allowed the analysis of three central points about the object, the first with the understanding of the actions that made possible the territoriality of subjects in the Amazon (1970-2012), the second with the departure of the subjects from their historically constructed places, the deterritorialization (2011-2016) and finally the current process in which they are inserted, with the experience of progressive reterritorialization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica do uso e cobertura da terra na Amazônia Oriental: uma análise a partir do município de Senador José Porfírio-PA (2010 a 2020)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-13) MOURA, Valdinei Mendes; MARINHO, José Antônio Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248631456407324; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9870-6930; VELOSO, Gabriel Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9757471213923099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3655-4166
In the Xingu Integration region, the dynamics of land use and land cover takes place through accelerated transformations, consolidated mainly by road transport networks, especially from the 1970s onwards with the opening of the Transamazon Highway (BR-230). Thus, the work prioritized analyzing the dynamics of land use and land cover in the municipality of Senador José Porfírio, located in an area of intense socioeconomic and environmental change, especially after the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. In this sense, the methodological procedures focused on collecting information and data in digital databases, and on the subsequent analysis and interpretation of the material obtained and bibliographical research on the dynamics of land uses in the Amazon region and on the use of geotechnologies as tools for monitor the territorial dynamics of these uses. Thus, in the first stage of the work, bibliographical research was carried out in digital databases, seeking studies on the dynamics of land uses in the Amazon region and on the use of geotechnologies as tools to monitor the territorial dynamics of these uses, particularly in relation to the process. deforestation, one of the most sensitive issues in the environmental issue today. In the second stage of the work, the website of the Annual Mapping Project for Land Cover and Land Use in Brazil - Mapbiomas, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and Instituto Socioambiental (ISA) were searched for land use and occupation of the municipality of Senador José Porfírio for the period 2010 to 2018. The same is being done in PRODES 2019 (General Coordination of Earth Observation-OBT/INPE). The objective of the research was to analyze the dynamics of land use in the municipality of Senador José Porfírio, from 2010 to 2020, considering the historical and economic aspects, as well as their socio-environmental, landscape and territorial expressions. In the results, it was found that, for this period of research, agriculture suffered variations in its perennial culture in relation mainly to government restrictions, but there was an emphasis on cocoa production. It was analyzed that illegal logging, deforestation, in addition to land grabbing for agricultural production has been advancing mainly in areas of settlements and indigenous lands, which intensified political, socio- environmental, economic, land and landscape problems, especially with the sector agriculture, mining, traditional peoples and agroextractivos. In this context, there is an accelerated process of antagonistic appropriation of space by its various social agents for eventual productions of territories and territorialities. In this regard, in this 21st century, with the entry of international capital in the municipality of Senador José Porfírio-PA, local populations and their ways of life are still disregarded.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica econômica e reestruturação espacial no baixo Tocantins: implicações socioespaciais da cadeia produtiva do açaí em Igarapé-Miri PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-03-31) LOBO, Ederson Ferreira; SILVA, Christian Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4284396736118279; AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6997234298024427
This master's thesis has as main objective to identify which is the new role or meaning of Igarapé-Miri in the region of Baixo Tocantins and the socio-spatial implications resulting from this new meaning. To this end, we seek to show how the socio-spatial formation of Baixo Tocantins and, in particular, the municipality of Igarapé-Miri / PA took place through a periodization, with an emphasis on the occupation of space and the development of economic activities, since its origin , in the 18th century, to the present day. Based on this initial proposal, it is sought throughout the work, to show that this new economic meaning assumed by the municipality in the region, based on the production and commercialization of açaí, has had repercussions regarding its centrality and insertion in the economy at different scales, as well as provoking socio-spatial implications verified in the improvement of the quality of life of the diverse social agents that participate in the productive chain and in the restructuring of the urban space due to the influence of social relations inherent to this new meaning. In order to arrive at the results, we tried to use the theoretical-conceptual review based on authors who used the Marxist dialectical historical materialism to interpret reality for the discussion of geographic space and socio-spatial formation as a path. For other stages, methods based on bibliographic research, field research, interviews, photographic survey and use of software that helped in the production of thematic maps on spatial cutouts referring to the study areas were used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmicas socioterritoriais da atividade mineradora na comunidade da Ressaca no município de Senador José Porfírio no Estado do Pará (2016 a 2020)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-30) PINHEIRO, Gustavo Gazola; SILVA, João Márcio Palheta da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5356047514671129; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0354-4639
Mining and its territorial dynamics in the Amazon, historically, are objects of analysis of geography, as well as its spatial transformations. The expansion of global capital over mineral resources has been transforming the social and environmental relations of communities, subordinated to commodities, appropriating nature to expand the capitalist logic, nature being considered a commodity, resulting in different social, economic and environmental issues. In this context, this research aims to analyze how the appropriation of the territory through the large mining companies in the Ressaca Community in the municipality of Senador José Porfírio in the state of Pará, with the implementation of the Volta Grande Project, by the Canadian company Belo Sun Mining Corporation . In order to reach the objective of this dissertation, as methodology were carried out: bibliographical research; field work; interviews and data tabulation, with the elaboration of maps and summary tables. This community was chosen because of the significant socio-territorial changes that took place with the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant and currently with the possible implementation of the Volta Grande Project in this area, justifying the need for research, precisely in an area already impacted by a major project. In contrast, to the development model, the Ressaca community claims to be heard and repaired, as to the damage it has been suffering, such as in the territory and in the way of life.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dispersão metropolitana e seus efeitos sobre a mobilidade urbana nos principais corredores viários da região metropolitana de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-29) SOARES, Lucélia dos Reis Santos; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548
The current Amazonian context characterized by dispersed metropolitan dynamics led to the conformation of new urban spatial arrangements that began to interfere in the conditions of urban mobility and city planning. In this process, the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMBN) since the mid-1980s has shown a significant population growth in the central areas of the municipalities and peripheral areas, forming a dispersed metropolis with new residential settlements especially located along the the main urban roads of access to the more urbanized portion of the Municipality of Belém, the capital of the State of Pará. The municipality of Belém began to present a dispersed and fragmented character by creating new vectors of expansion beyond its officially boundaries of the metropolitan area. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of metropolitan dispersion on urban mobility and to identify the main actions of public policies for urban transport corridors in view of the high intercity movements that occurred mainly along Avenu Almirante Barroso and Highway BR- 316, which form the main access roads to Belém. In order to reach these objectives, from the methodology of research in official documents and interviews with managers, three central contribution of analysis were established: The production of new housing spaces, the planning of Belém (PDU / PDTU) and public policies for the Public Passenger Transport System (PPST) for the RMB. It is concluded that the metropolitan dispersion implied in the existence of a population that moves pendularly toward the place of work and the spaces of consumption of diverse goods and services. In this sense, there is a daily mobility of the population among the municipalities of the RMB consolidated by the strong relationship between the periphery and the central area of the metropolis. It is inferred that such a relationship began to present a new metropolitan configuration, in the face of which urban planning actions and public management for urban mobility have privileged the trunk road corridor connecting the municipalities of the RMB, located in the urban area but also fundamental for the fragmented, dispersed and discontinuous environment. Finally, it is suggested that urban mobility should be treated in an integrated way to the urban management, seeking the best performance of the mobility conditions between the cities polarized by the metropolis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre os eixos da circulação: as faces-fases da produção do espaço urbano de Tucuruí-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-07-22) POMPEU, Veridiana de Souza; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749
Considering that the process of social and territorial formation of the Tucuruí city was shaped in the organization undertaken by the fluvial-railway and in the road-energetic axes of circulation, the city started containing forms and contents that explain the production of the space in a constant movement of internal and external actions. Therefore, to view the various faces of the city, its urban expansion and to characterize its role in the regional division of work and in the urban network of its immediate region it is necessary to think about the following question: how do the axes of circulation constituted historically promoted an interurban and intraurban organization for Tucuruí? Thus, based on the axes of circulation it was aimed to analyze the interurban and intraurban spatial production/organization of Tucuruí and to portray the profile that Tucuruí city started developing after the structuring of the energy industry, its current configuration in the Amazon urban network. For this purpose, were done bibliographic and documental surveys and analyzes, direct systematic observation, implementation of application form and interviews, surveys of iconographic material and its analyzes. To analyze the aim of this research two spatial arrangements were used: the commerce (supermarkets, department stores and fishing activity) and the business (Higher and technical education level and health of intermediate and high complexity, in addition to the TV subscription service). This technical and empiric instrumental gave support to highlight: a) the production of the urban space founded by the technical networks and by the axes of circulation in Tucuruí-PA; b) that nowadays there is a social production of the space from the city no longer configured to attend exclusively the UHT (Tucurui Hydroelectric Power Plant); c) that Tucuruí even presents a continuity and a coexistence of riverside city, has also presented a profile of regional sub-center of territorial responsibility to the urban network and its immediate region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O espaço sob uma perspectiva infantil: um estudo no reassentamento urbano coletivo São Joaquim em Altamira-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-23) PEREIRA, Dayse Leite; FREITAS, Léia Gonçalves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4829920653020369; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1852-1106; MIRANDA NETO, José Queiroz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3367795786739987
This research investigated the geographic space from a child's perspective, having as locus the São Joaquim Collective Urban Resettlement in Altamira-Pará, analyzing the process of compulsory displacement experienced by resettled children due to the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The theoretical framework was based on studies of Urban Geography and Geography of Childhood, the research aimed to analyze the experiences of children residing in the Collective Urban Resettlement São Joaquim, considering their space of origin. The methodological approach used was the qualitative ethnographic research, added to the techniques of participant observation, semi-structured interviews and the production of drawings, whose problem was how the compulsory displacement affected the childhood of children residing in the Resettlement. The conclusions of this study evidenced two scenarios: a rupture of a child's sociocultural space as a result of compulsory displacement, with implications for the daily lives of families, in particular, for children who are the subjects of this research, regarding the way of playing, the relationship with the river. and, on the other hand, the realization that they are trying to reinvent new ways to develop their peer culture and build their other geographies and spatialities in this new space.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Financeirização habitacional e fragmentação socioespacial: uma análise a partir da cidade de Ananindeua/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-28) DIAS, Izabel Nahum; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
The financialization process driven by globalization causes spatial and social changes on different scales. In the city of Ananindeua, located in the metropolitan region of Belém do Pará, the consumption of financialized housing is driven by the metropolitan dynamics in which the city is inserted, contributing to the fragmented production of space. Thus, this research aims to analyze how the financialization of housing contributes to socio-spatial fragmentation through the production of housing spaces in the city of Ananindeua/PA since the year 2000. The methodological procedures adopted consist mainly of bibliographic and documentary analysis through books, articles and documents related to the topic of the debate, data collection from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Brazilian Association of Real Estate Credit and Savings Entities (Abecip), the Construction Industry Union of the State of Pará (Sinduscon/PA), in addition to fieldwork and semi-structured interviews. The idea/thesis is defended that the insertion of new real estate businesses inherent to the financialization of housing space, the advancement of new economic agents of local, regional, national and international capital, as well as the structuring actions of public power (Large urban projects), associated with the processes of urbanization and metropolization of space, have contributed to the urban recomposition with the formation of urban (poly)centralities, constituting and contributing to the socio-spatial fragmentation, expressed from the spaces of habitation and consumption of urban space in Ananindeua at the beginning of the 21st century. The results indicate that there are axes of expansion of enterprises in the city that are consolidated based on different spatial practices, as well as on urban polycentralities, on the availability of locational convenience factors, and on land reserves that await valorization processes. Furthermore, changes occur in the spatial patterns that made up the center/periphery model, with a tendency towards a predominance of the logic of fragmentation of space where different social classes coexist, but remain distanced by elements intrinsic to real estate dynamics, making it necessary to understand the advancement of the processes of financialization and fragmentation in the face of the socio-spatial differentiations and inequalities inherent to Amazonian cities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Geografia da Criminalidade no Campus: a multiterritorialidade do crime na cidade universitária Professor José da Silveira Netto (UFPA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-07-24) BARROS, Alexandre Patrício Silva; CHAGAS, Clay Anderson Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3537327292901649
The objective of the research is to analyze and understand the multiple territories and territorialities of crime, observing the following illegal activities: trade in ilegal substances (drug trafficking and consumption); theft; and robbery. Such crimes served as a basis to answer how crime is spatialized and related to the daily life of the university city José da Silveira Netto. In this sense, the research is based on the collection of information from the security system applied in the study area, as well as its history of occurrences, considering the university space itself as an “empirical object”, based on the method of geographic historical-dialectical materialism that considers a whole historical-material conjuncture of space production, which makes it possible to identify characteristics of the geographical context where crime is inserted on the campus, highlighting the viability of the structuring hypothesis of the “analytical object”, of the multiple territories of crime. Thus, the crimes that occur within the campus are mostly related to property crimes - theft and robbery - among them, theft that represent 84%, robbery and drug trafficking that are diluted in the remaining 16%, 13% and 3%, respectively. Finally, albeit in a timid way, it is worth raising some measures that could help in the problem of crime, not only in the university city of UFPA, but within the scenario of campuses throughout Brazil that suffer from the same difficulties. Thus, effective security policies should be spearheaded by: i) approaching and attracting neighboring communities in order to encourage coexistence at the university level, enabling the occupation of the common spaces of higher education institutions with social actions that absorb more widely all those who are frequently in these places, whether developing their academic activities or seeking to perform other space practices; ii) create alternatives for community security so that the authorities can dialogue with civil society; iii) and, finally, the development of collaborative citizenship projects between universities and the security and social defense agencies to act in the neighboring communities as mediators of conflicts, since improving the rates of violence and crime in the surroundings, automatically these results will be reflected into the campuses.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Metamorfose metropolitana: desigualdade socioespacial e violência urbana em assentamentos precários ao longo de um dos eixos de expansão metropolitana, Belém- PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-03-30) VIEIRA, Denise Carla de Melo; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168; CHAGAS, Clay Anderson Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3537327292901649
The great metropolises and cities of the world have been going through an accelerated process of urban complexification, "the result" of processes of capitalist urbanization, urban restructuring, restructuring of cities, globalization of capital, "planetary urbanization" and the neoliberal and financialized global logic. This process-scenario is intertwined with “general patterns and processes that engender the geographical inequalities of capitalist development”, whose “essence” / nature of such dynamics and processes reverberate in socio-spatial inequality and urban violence, which, incidentally, is found in the capitalist urbanization process itself. Thinking about the scale of the city of Belém, this scenario presents itself as a repetition in which spaces, with urbanization of the territory, with the growing expansion of “precarious settlements”, as “expression” of the (uneven) production of the urban space that comes presenting a socio-spatial metamorphosis in the last decade of the metropolization process marked by the consolidation and refunctionalization of the metropolitan space. In view of this configuration, we seek to analyze how processes of socio-spatial inequalities and their correlation with urban violence have been occurring (and / or expanding), in precarious settlements in one of the axes of metropolitan expansion in Belém, Pará, since 2000. The research is guided by Dialectical Historical (Geographic) Materialism, which is based on or considers time, space and social being, the objective reality in its entirety, as well as considering (links between) conflicts and contradictions; finally, it unveils nature and its historical contours, its connections and relations, in a kind of movement that is born and is embodied in a present space-time and actions in recent space-time (integrity of the relationship between the whole and the part). This study was developed through theoretical review, field research, interviews and analysis of secondary data provided by the Municipality of Belém (PMB), Pará State Public Security Secretariat (SEGUP), Deputy Secretariat for Information and Criminal Analysis ( SIAC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Development and Administration Company of the Metropolitan Area of Belém (CODEM), Housing Company of the State of Pará (COHAB). Thus, we found that the crime of homicide is more prevalent in areas where the worst indicators of infrastructure, income and sanitation predominate, which we call indicators of urban quality (Bad and Very Bad). These areas are defined as poor sanitation. In these settlements, the materialization of urban violence is observed (violence as an unequal product of the production of space and violence that manifests itself in its most perverse form in which it results in homicides) as expressions of socio-spatial differentiation and inequality. This is because the settlements would present themselves as spaces that are produced in an unequal way, in which such inequalities can be verified in their forms-contents and uses / appropriations of the city and the Neighborhood.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metropolização e vulnerabilidade socioespacial: dinâmicas territoriais e luta pela moradia na porção sul de Ananindeua-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-29) SILVA, Gilmara Oliveira da; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
The urbanization process has been present since ancient times, intensifying with the industrialization process in the 18th century and in Brazil from the mid-19th century on. In the Amazônia this process occurred from the 1960s with transformations that deeply impacted its territories. Contemporarily, with the process of metropolization, beyond a phase of urban development, these territories are increasingly affected by the interests of capital, especially with regard to production and housing conditions, where part of the population lives in degrading conditions and in constant socio-spatial vulnerability, as occurs in the municipality of Ananindeua-PA, a city that makes up the metropolitan region of Belém-PA and that is affected by it in all its structural changes. In this sense, we present the following central problem: How the process of metropolization, such as the actions of the State (land title regularization and the implementation project of the Liberdade Highway) in addition to the expansion of the land market in the metropolitan space of Belém has been interfering in the conditions of socio-spatial vulnerability (infrastructure and housing) of the southern portion of Ananindeua territory between the years 2020 and 2022. The main objective of this work is to analyze how the metropolization process, the actions of the State (land title regularization and the implementation project of the Liberdade Highway) and the expansion of the land market in the metropolitan space of Belém have been interfering in the conditions of socio-spatial vulnerability (infrastructure and housing) of the southern portion of Ananindeua's territory between the years 2020 and 2022. In the present work we will use the historical and dialectical materialism method, because it focuses on the materiality of the history of men in society. The research is quantitative and qualitative, where the first makes a quantification of the data on the growth of the population of the municipality, especially of its southern portion, and the second, makes a survey of qualitative data, which obtains the description about the neighborhoods of the southern portion of Ananindeua and its urban growth over conservation units and territories of traditional Amazonian communities. The analysis is inter-scalar that considers the time and space of urban relations. It counts on a systematic observation of the study area and the application of questionnaires, in addition to the cartographic production showing the advance of urbanization in the southern part of Ananindeua. This work is justified from a theoretical and methodological point of view by the need to understand the new territorial dynamics, in the conditions of infrastructure and housing, from the metropolitan expansion present in the southern portion of Ananindeua. From a theoretical and practical point of view, this work has the relevance of contributing to subsidize public actions and the construction of the right to territory. The present work showed us that the housing conditions in the southern part of Ananindeua are the result of the unequal process of metropolization where some parts of the population live with a good infrastructure in detriment of the majority of the population who live without the minimum conditions of basic sanitation. Added to this, the work showed us that the southern population of Ananindeu has the constant territorial conflicts of traditional communities that are there in the face of urban expansion.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Patrimonialização e valorização do espaço urbano da avenida Nazaré, em Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-30) ALBUQUERQUE, Vivian Larissa Monteiro; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5431-3529; TAVARES, Maria Goretti da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7796891525258446
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Poder e território na geografia: agentes territoriais locais e os Crimes Violentos Letais Intencionais (2013-2017) no bairro Cabanagem, Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-07-24) COSTA, Antonio Cleison de Souza; CHAGAS, Clay Anderson Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3537327292901649
The complexity of urban issue points to the worsening of violence in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (MRB) peripheries since violence appears in several ways, however, homicides, robbery-homicides and bodily injury followed by death are the most serious forms. They are often related to several factors in the consolidation and expansion of the Primary territorial agents territoriality, defined here as: traffickers, militiamen and the State, that use power relations to affirm extremely worrying trend scenarios, which has led, year by year, to the growth of Intentional Lethal Violent Crimes (ILVC) rates. In fact, new territorialities emerge from nexuses with the Primary territorial agents territorialization. Thus, by recognizing the presence of territorial agents in Cabanagem neighborhood, this investigation starts from the following questioning: How do the Primary territorial agents influence the increase in occurrences of Intentional Lethal Violent Crimes in Cabanagem neighborhood, in Belém-PA, from 2013 to 2017? We start from the idea that the actions of the Primary territorial agents, based on disputes over territories, explain the increase in violent deaths in the studied neighborhood. Therefore, the main objective of this Master's Dissertation was to investigate the dynamics of the Primary territorial agents and the relationship with Intentional Lethal Violent Crimes (ILVC) from 2013 to 2017. Thus, the methodology was based on dialectical and historical materialism, bibliographic review, documentary research with the Housing Company of the State of Pará (COHAB), field research with the collection of interviews, images and the use of Geoprocessing for the elaboration of thematic and situation maps. These methodological elements were fundamental in the construction of mechanisms to help us understand the space/time dynamics of space production and territorial dynamics, as well as the privilege of being part of the Geography Graduate Program (PPGEO) from the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) was fundamental for the consolidation of the research, culminating in what has already been developed in the three chapters and in the final elaboration of the work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Problemas ambientais urbanos em Altamira-PA: uma análise a partir do sistema de saneamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-25) ABREU, Adna Alves; MIRANDA NETO, José Queiroz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3367795786739987
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O processo de periferização e violência urbana na baixada belenense: um estudo sobre os agentes territoriais e os homicídios no bairro da Terra Firme nos anos de 2011 a 2019
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-27) NASCIMENTO, Robson Patrick Brito do; CHAGAS, Clay Anderson Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3537327292901649
The urban space can be understood as a mosaic of dialectical relations between society and space over time, in other words, the city can be incorporated as a set of human and historical relations in space. Among them, it is mentioned the formation of differentiated and contradictory areas driven by the current capitalist system. An example of this is the dynamics of cities in underdeveloped countries that presented accelerated urbanization and because of this brought several problems that extend to the present day, among them is the peripheralization that is marked by the unequal production of urban space that is configured in relations between center and periphery. The central areas are highlighted for their visibility and concentration of resources and capital, so investments and the presence of the State becomes more effective, unlike what happens in the urban peripheries of the capital of Pará, which were produced by low-income groups that were segregated from the city center. Therefore, these spaces started to be self-built and occupied in an accelerated and unplanned way by the State. On the outskirts, as is the case of the Terra Firme neighborhood, the public power is inefficient with regard to its territorial actions, so these spaces become conditions for new territorialities that seek to establish their power relations, as in the case of drug trafficking and militias and often generate tensions and as a result violence is present in these locations. The objective of this research is to understand the dynamics of homicides between the years 2011 to 2019, and its relationship with the precarious areas of Terra Firme district, as well as with the territorial actors involved with their territorialities. The method adopted was the historical and dialectical materialist, which allowed a discussion on socio-spatial analyzes and power relations in the territory. We used thematic cartography geoprocessing tools such as Quantum Gis, linking homicide data from the SIAC, to IBGE data and its social indicators. This dissertation is divided into four essential chapters, the first is consistent with a methodological approach to the research, the second the theoretical discussion, the third the characterizations and peripheralization of the neighborhood of Terra Firme and the last chapter corresponds to the analysis of homicides and agents that manifest themselves from the power gaps left by the State.