Dissertações em Doenças Tropicais (Mestrado) - PPGDT/NMT

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3559

O Mestrado Acadêmico em Doenças Tropicais iniciou em 2004 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical (NMT) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção de Mycobacterium lepra por PCR em "SWAB" nasal e "SWAB" da linfa do lóbulo da orelha de pacientes hansenianos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-11-30) PONTES, Ana Rosa Botelho; ISHIKAWA, Edna Aoba Yassui; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3074963539505872
Recently some studies have used Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique for detection of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA, in diverse biological samples, demonstrating high sensitivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of the PCR in the detection of M. leprae in nasal swab and lymph swab from ear lobe of leprosy patients and to compare the results of the PCR with the bacilloscopy and histophatology and multibacillary and paucibacillary forms of leprosy. Nasal secretion samples and lymph of the lobe of the ear of 24 leprosy patients had been collected. For amplification of the DNA three pairs of primers had been tested: S13 and S62, R1 and R2, LP1 and LP2 that amplify fragments of 531 DNA of pb, 372pb and 129pb, respectively. The primers LP1 and LP2 had expressed greater sensitivity, independent of the clinical samples. The results of the PCR had been highly significant for the nasal secretion samples (p<0.0000) and significant for specimens of lymph of the lobe of the ear (p=0.0000). Comparing the results of the PCR, using primers LP1 and LP2 and conservante lise 1, with the bacilloscopy and histophatology, the studies had pointed that the PCR, in nasal secretion samples, got greater sensitivity for the MBs forms (41,67%), followed of the bacilloscopy (25%) and histophatology (8,33%). In the PBs forms, sensitivity was considered same between the PCR and the histophatology (8,33%). The bacilloscopy did not present sensitivity (0%). In the samples of the lymph of the lobe of the ear, the bacilloscopy demonstrated to greater sensitivity for the MBs forms (25%), followed of the PCR (20,83%) and histophatology (16,7%). In the PBs forms, the PCR and histophatology had presented same sensitivity (4,17%). It did not have sensitivity in the bacilloscopy (0%). The PCR, although not to demonstrate a 100% sensitivity it is a tool with future perspectives to assist in the monitoring of the treatment and cure of the leprosy patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da laserterapia de baixa intensidade sobre a cicatrização de úlceras hansênicas: ensaio clínico randomizado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-04-01) BARRETO, Josafá Gonçalves; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Neuropathic ulcer is one of the most stigmatical sequels of leprosy. Its presence is very disabling to the patient, and can cause deformity and/or amputation of the affected limb. Different methods of treatments have been used in the ulcers management, but the results are frequently dissatisfactory, resulting in many people living with chronic wounds for a long time. Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is used in many services to accelerate wound healing, but its results are controversial, and several published works are inconclusive. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of LLLT on wound healing of leprosy patients in a randomized clinical trial. This study was conducted at the dressing service of Dr Marcello Candia Reference Unit in Sanitary Dermatology of the State of Para. First, in order to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 51 patients (97 ulcers) we conducted anamnesis, identification of the regions affected by the lesions (including digital photographic register), measurement of ulcer depth and surface area, using the software ImageTool 3.0. The most frequent comorbidity was systemic high blood pressure with 13 cases. To evaluate laser therapy, 25 subjects were randomly allocated into two groups of intervention. The control group (CG), with 12 patients (14 ulcers) received the standard treatment with daily simple dressings, use of topic 1% silver sulfadiazine cream, and orientations about self-care and prevention of disabilities. The experimental group (EG), with 13 subjects (17 ulcers), received standard treatment plus LLLT 3 times per week during 12 weeks. The LLLT consisted of 4 J/point in the wound edges, using a punctual contact technique and 2 J/cm² in the wound bed, using a scanning technique. The LLLT equipment was an AlGaInP diode laser (660 nm) with a power density of 1 W/cm². The analyzed variables were: ulcer surface area in square centimeters (cm²), depth in millimeters (mm), and PUSH score. The mean ulcer surface in the CG was 5,3 cm² (± 9,2) before and 4,4 cm² (± 8,5) after treatment, the depth was 6,3 mm (± 5,4) before and 5,4 (± 5,7) after, and the PUSH score was 9,7 (± 3,4) before and 8,4 (± 5,3) after treatment. In the EG, mean ulcer surface was 4,2 cm² (± 5,9) before and 3,8 cm² (± 5,7) after treatment, the depth was 6,2 mm (± 5,1) before and 4,1 mm (± 3,9) after, and the PUSH score was 9,6 (± 3,3) before and 7,9 (± 5,3) after treatment. The statistical analysis did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05) in none of the variables analyzed before and after treatment. Considering the parameters used in this study, in comparison with usual leprosy neuropathic ulcer treatment, LLLT did not demonstrate any additional benefits to wound healing. The study suggests that 1) special attention should be given to the control of blood pressure on these patients, and 2) diminish or avoid weight bearing on the affected area should continue as key recommendation for ulcer healing.

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