Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido - PPGDSTU/NAEA
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2294
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) pertence ao Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA), da Universidade Federal do Pará. O NAEA existe desde 1972, quando foi concebido como uma unidade de Pós-Graduação e de Pesquisa Interdisciplinar voltada à análise da dinâmica social, econômica e ambiental da Amazônia. No plano institucional, tinha a finalidade, enquanto instituto interdisciplinar, de propiciar a integração da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em suas diversas áreas de conhecimento, além de iniciar propostas de integração de pesquisas e ensino de pós-graduação no plano internacional, principalmente no que diz respeito à Pan-Amazônia.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Desenvolvimento sustentável e uso dos recursos naturais em áreas de várzea do território do baixo Tocantins da Amazônia paraense: limites, desafios e possibilidades(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-19) REIS, Adebaro Alves dos; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279The central goal of this thesis is to understand and analyze the dynamics of sustainable use the natural resource by the cabocla-riverside populations aiming the application of sustainable development concept and, starting the observation the everyday the way of life, the use of natural resources and the process of diversified production as empirical elements required to think a new pattern of development, in other words, the sustainable, anchored to traditional knowledges of cabocla-riverside populations of lowland areas the territory of Baixo Tocantins of Amazon Paraense. Like this, sought , starting of theoric debate, develop a criticizes to modern science, with specificity to instrumental rationality, that promoted fragmentation the relationship between man and nature, through development of destructive activities the natural resources that compromise the own human life , the same time, was introduced an approach of interdisciplinarity as one possibility of articulation in different areas of knowledge for a intervention under perspectives of dimensions the social life and natural. The study to elaborate this thesis has as universe the Baixo Tocantins territory, where it considered the lowland ecosystems of municipalities Abaetetuba and Igarapé-Miri, in their components considered strategic like: riverside communities, agro ecosystem and riverside population, constitutive the Tocantins river margin. For this, was reconstituted of synthetic mode, the historical trajectory of this territory through of occupation, development, and use of natural resources, which were analyzed from adaptive productive dynamics , and use of natural resources in their multiple activities of management of lowland ecosystem focused for production and management of açaí , agroforestry systems (SAFs), agriculture, creating of small and medium-sized animals , creation of fishes, vegetal extractivism and animal , shrimp fishery and fish on lowland ecosystem. This practices of use the natural resources, traditionally employed by inhabitants of lowland areas makes part of one lifestyle, that secularly has guaranteed the production of knowledge acquired/inherited of past generations, how management and use nature resources of this agrosystem. The productive diversity strategies, management and multiple uses the nature resources follows the rhythms imposed by nature of adaptation capacity of relation with natural conditions of lowland areas, such as : flood process, flood and ebb the rivers, erosion/ deposition , environmental impacts by great developmental projects, elevated levels of the rivers , among others factors, keeping a high degree of interrelationship balanced with nature. Can mean that, in the lowland ecosystem, man and nature are completed, creating a single standard of sustainable development.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Imigração espanhola na Amazônia: as colônias agrícolas e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do Nordeste paraense (1890-1920)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-29) SMITH JÚNIOR, Francisco Pereira; EMMI, Marília Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4619867698790381The period among the years of 1880 and 1920 marked the history of the international migrations in the State of Pará. With the strong migration propaganda in Europe, the State of Pará was the stage entrance for many European immigrants, among them, the Spanish. Attracted by agriculture which was in a high position in the state, due to the creation of colonial settlements, several Spanish families, coming many times from poor settlements, crossed the Atlantic and reconstructed their lives in various colonial centers of the State of Pará. Thus, this study is to investigate which socio-economic contributions of Spanish immigrants to the development of northeastern. From now on, it is possible to understand all the process of introduction of these settlers in Pará territory and their daily lives in the settlement, with the use of official documents and interview to demonstrate this experience of Spanish in Amazon. With this, pretend to give a contribute to research the field of historiographical studies on international migration in the Amazon, considering that there is still shortage of work in the migration studies in the region, except for some works recognized by researchers who dedicated themselves to the theme of migration in the paraense territory.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Impacto da criação do projeto agroextrativista na gestão participativa dos recursos comuns na várzea Amazônica(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10-03) THOMAS, Shaji; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279Wetlands in the lower Amazon basin occupy approximately 800.000 km2, and the floodplains of the Amazon River and its larger tributaries represent approximately 40% of this total. Floodplain is a rich environment with fertile soils and abundant natural resources. Throughout the history of human occupation, the floodplain played a central role in the economy of the Amazon region. Despite the importance of the region, land ownership was always ambiguous in these areas. Since 2006, the Government created 15 Projects of Agro-extractive Settlement Project (PAE) in the region of the lower Amazon floodplain in order to regulate land ownership and to encourage the process of community participation in the management of natural resources. The main objective of this study is to analyse the impact brought by the creation of PAE in regional planning and governance of natural resources in the floodplain. The research data collection was through participant observation method in the field, literature review, focus groups and interviews with representatives of the communities, institutions and government bodies responsible for implementing of the PAEs. The study area is located in two Settlement Projects of the lower Amazon floodplain in the municipalities of Santarém and Alenquer. 86% of the communities of PAEs analysed had some sort of Community fishing agreement, which internally governed the use of fishery resources in lakes communities. Interviews with community leaders in the region, 82% showed dissatisfaction with the process of the implementation of PAE. Relative to the Utility Plan (PU), which defines the regulations of the PAE, 33% consider that the rules hinder the development of floodplains. However, 77% of respondents believe that the PU is necessary for the proper functioning of the settlement. The research pointed out that the major difficulties for the implementation of the Project include the lack of dialogue between the community and governmental entities as the INCRA - responsible for the implementation of PAE, the non-delivery of land titles and the lack of definition regarding the ranchers who occupy land in the region. The study also pointed out that the implementation process of the PAEs, besides not solving problems related to land occupation, weakened the organizational autonomy of communities in natural resource management of floodplains.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Instrumentos do estado e dos atores sociais no uso sustentável da Reserva Extrativista Mapuá - Marajó(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-25) AMARAL, Vanessa Silva do; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911Amazon Region is the Brazilian region with the most Conservation Units (CU), particularly Extractive Reserves (ER). ER Mapuá, in Marajó, is one of them and it is the empiric source for this research. This theses sought to analyze the State’s instruments and the social actors in the process of constructing a social policy for social sustainability in the ER Mapuá since its foundation in 2005. For this purpose, the following specific aims were considered: a) analyzing the interests and impacts emerged from the institutionalization process being a ER; b) identifying and describing development policies already promoted in the ER Mapuá; c) identifying and analyzing the sociopolitical conflicts in the public policies that are promoting sustainability in the ER Mapuá taking as a basis the SANEAR Amazônia Project. The relevance of this study is in the fact that exist lacks in the debate about CU among them the following: a) State’s role, its instruments of planning and management; b) how the State dialogues with the local actors in the socioenvironmental sustainability process and the conflicts between the "actors"; c) how the local actors conduct their own socioenvironmental sustainability taking the State as a sponsor for the whole process. Field research, direct observation, participative research, oral reports from the local inhabitants, photographs, interviews with an ICMBIO representative and the Neighborhood Association were performed. Two theoretical sources were used for analyzing: the neo-institutionalist theory, proposed by Hall and Taylor, and the Bourdieu's field theory. The main State’s instrument is the use of legal procedures (the Decree which created the Mapuá Extractive Reserve is one of them) in order to control potential deforestation as well as to value identities, local knowledge, and population’s health; and the State being sponsor and facilitator of policies "created" by the ER’s neighborhood association. The Project SANEAR is something emblematic also because of its function as an instrument for the social actors in the Mapuá Reserve, especially for stablishing partnerships with the federal and state government to qualify and enable development through social technologies, mostly those ones related to health and sanitation. Nevertheless, this project is a “Public Policy Try”- “model”. Even with this “Public Policy Try” significant results were obtained, in other ERs – particularly in what concerns to reduction of diseases related to water intake (river water) and the promoting of sustainability (socio) environmental, it has two questionable points: 1) it is not a continuing and intersectoral public policy; 2) it did not happen in a democratic way, with social cooperation for its construction.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Pobreza, privação e transferência de renda na várzea amazônica: um estudo de caso para Sirituba em Abaetetuba, Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-10) LEITE, Lorena Von Paumgartten; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279Poverty is a multidimensional problem that can be translated in terms of deprivation and lack of basic skills. The multidimensional indexes allow accurate analysis of quality of life related to poverty, considering some important dimensions and represent a major breakthrough on the issue of development planning. The overall objective of this research was to examine the deprivations faced by families in the community Sirituba Abaetetuba / PA, according to the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) dimensions and indicators of the and analyze the impact of cash transfers on household durables of families. The analysis in families receiving and not receiving cash transfers showed that the two have the same amount of household durables. The analysis of IPM adapted to Sirituba found that some families suffer hardship due to low education of heads of families, lack of access to safe drinking water, lack of sanitation and rustic kitchens method. There was also a trend of improvement in the Municipal Human Development Index (IDHM) Abaetetuba. The municipality has developed the range of "very low human development" to "medium human development". And it represents an evolution in education indicators, longevity and income. However, it is known that urban area Abaetetuba does not present the same public services in a rural area as Sirituba. The 2000 Census and 2010 provide data for these areas demonstrating that the services of electricity and water supply provided in rural areas are less available compared to urban area Abaetetuba.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Política de integração, infraestrutura e territorialidades: análise dos projetos de desenvolvimento na Pan-Amazônia e os impactos para as populações indígenas dos rios Tapajós (BR) e Putumayo (CO)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-06-08) BIERI, Márcia Eloisa Lasmar; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911This study contributes to the debate on the public policies implementation of development based on the Brazilian and Colombian government actions, in a scenario where the consequences of these actions affect the destiny of indigenous people, and the regional development ideology proposed by the State favors only the national and international economic and political interests. A development policy that is adverse to indigenous people, who do not have the opportunity to participate in the discussions to face government proposals, even though their rights are guaranteed by the legislation in force both in Brazil and Colombia. Within the scope of these development policies, emerge the state apparatus and the power exercise for the construction of megaprojects that move a large amount of capital and affect populations in an irreversibly way, which, as well as will be seen, occurred and occurs with the Munduruku and Sionas people, forced to the remotion of their traditional territories, leaving behind their historical sources, their sacred and surviving places.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Políticas públicas de turismo na Amazônia brasileira: sua ascensão às agendas do Amazonas e do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-27) NASCIMENTO, Vânia Lúcia Quadros; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911This thesis shows the results of a research on tourism public policy of two states in the Brazilian Amazon. It aims at understanding the process of formulation of tourism public policies in the states of Amazonas and Pará, therefore highlighting the rising of this issue to the agenda of these states. The research uses as a theoretical reference the Multiple Streams Model of Kingdon. The empirical evidences are sustained in the analysis of documents on policies and their decision streams, and semi-structured interviews with the participants of the decision making process. The results indicate that the rise of tourism on the agendas of the states of Amazonas and Pará was the result of the convergence of the stream of problems, public policies and politics, as well as the action of visible and invisible active participants; that the solutions to the promotion and facilitation of tourism in the mentioned states are materialized in the plans for tourism Victória Régia and Ver-o-Pará; the active participants are also mentioned in these plans. It is concluded that new participants turnedout in the specification of the alternatives that generate the solutions in these plans; that the existence of distinct factors were demonstrated in the Multiple Streams Model, the influence of the federal public administration and the guidelines and determinations of the Brazilian Ministry of Tourism influenced, respectively, the streams of politics and public polices; and finally, that tourism was identified and defined as an opportunity for the development of the two states and not as a public problem to be solved.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O processo de criação e implementação de unidades de conservação e sua influência na gestão local: o estudo de caso da área de proteção ambiental da ilha do Combu, em Belém/PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-02) CIRILO, Brenda Batista; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279This is a case study which seeks to analyze the creation process of the Environmental Protection Area (APA) Combu Island, a state sustainable use conservation unit, located in the Amazon estuary, in the insular region of Belém, State of Pará. The study aimed to demonstrate that some aspects of the creation process of the APA Combu Island prevent its management from being consolidated. To contextualize the area, the results of a survey conducted by the manager of the unit, in 2010, with the heads of 100 households, distributed among the four communities in the island, are available. In 2013, a field survey was conducted with the same people, to ascertain their level of knowledge about the creation process of the APA. Ten people related to the process of creation, deployment and management of the unit were also interviewed for further information on the topic and to confront or validate the results of the field research. Since this is a qualitative study, we also analyzed: a) the unit planning and management; b) the historical trajectory of national conservation policy, c) the historical trajectory of conservation policy in the Amazon region and in the State of Pará. The results obtained through the field research show that: the creation of APA Combu Island was result of an indication from scientific studies conducted by Emilio Goeldi Museum of Pará (MPEG) in the 1980s, and later appropriated by the former Institute for Economic, Social and Environmental Development of the State of Pará (Idesp) in the 1990s, which became the main organ responsible for the creation of the unit; most of the respondents are unaware of APA Combu Island, only a small parcel of the respondents was informed /consulted about the creation process of the APA; this query was performed in an informal way. It is assumed that, in sustainable use conservation units, the participation of the resident population is essential for a successful planning and management, although the managing agency does not have many resources to be used in the administration. From the analysis of all these data together, we concluded that the creation process of the APA Combu Island is the main obstacle to consolidate the unit management, since it happened so apart from the knowledge of the resident population.