Dissertações em Biodiversidade e Conservação (Mestrado) - PPGBC/Altamira

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9261

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2014 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação (PPGBC) do Campus Universitário de Abaetetuba da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Suplementação alimentar com açaí (Euterpe oleracea) como potencial modulador das defesas antioxidantes e dano oxidativo em zebrafish (Danio rerio)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-25) NASCIMENTO, Géssica Amorim do; AMADO, Lilian Lund; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3382900147208081; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-7693-8191; VALENTIN, Fernanda Nogueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5323991664296959; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8279-3758
Diets enriched with Amazonian açaí (E. oleracea) provide great nutritional and therapeutic health benefits, related to the presence of bioactive compounds. The pulp of the açaí fruit is high in anthocyanins, plant pigments that have anti- inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The use of D. rerio (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) as an animal model in bioassays is important for evaluating possible molecular alterations caused by the pro-oxidants present in the cells, with direct applications in other fish and can also be extrapolated to humans, due to the genetic homology of 70% of the genome. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of dietary supplementation with freeze-dried açaí pulp (AÇL), testing different concentrations of anthocyanins, as a potential modulator of the antioxidant defence system in D. rerio. The study was carried out in the Ecotoxicology section of LAPMAR at UFPA/Belém. A total of 40 D. rerio specimens were organized into: control group (CTR) - standard diet only; and according to the value of the standard diet, the amounts for supplementation in treatment were calculated T1 - standard diet and supplementation of 10% AÇL; T2 - standard diet and supplementation of 25% AÇL; T3 - standard diet and supplementation of 50% AÇL. Water physicochemical parameters, siphoning and partial water changes were analyzed over the course of 5 days. At the end of the 120-hour experiment, the fish were collected, euthanized by cryoanesthesia, biometrically measured, weighed and stored at -80 ºC in an ultrafreezer. Subsequently, the whole animals were homogenized, followed by the quantification of total proteins and measurements of biochemical biomarkers of oxidative stress: total antioxidant capacity (TACC), glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione s- transferase (GST) and lipoperoxidation (LPO). The results were analyzed by means of comparisons between independent groups with a quantitative response variable, using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, with a significance level of 5%. Of the physicochemical parameters evaluated, ammonia levels were the only ones monitored that showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the T3 - 50% AÇL treatment at the last analysis time. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.005) for the biometric data and also for the biomarkers between the sample groups. The results indicate that the supplementary supply of açaí for longer periods can promote a neutralization of pro-oxidant agents in the cells. This supplementation can be considered a natural alternative to increase resistance to stress in the face of pro-oxidant conditions in the body, establishing chemoprotection strategies for human and animal health.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso de caixas-ninho pela fauna de vertebrados em relação às variáveis ambientais em um fragmento de Floresta Amazônica em Altamira-Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-07-27) BENTO, Silnara Carmo; GOMES, Felipe Bittioli Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0924023357753741
The Amazon rainforest is considered one of the largest remnants of tropical rainforest in the world, but the sharp exploitation of natural resources in the Amazon has caused a growing loss of biodiversity. These impacts have worryingly reached the fauna that depends on natural cavities present in alive or dead trees as spots for nesting, sheltering or foraging. To compensate the loss of environmental complexity, the use of nest boxes has been successfully used, especially forests of temperate regions, for diverse groups of vertebrates, from birds to mammals. For the Neotropical region, it is necessary to evaluate the efficiency of this environmental intervention through the experimentation and observation regarding the use of these nest boxes in relation to the environmental variables, being our goal to develop these observations in a fragment of Amazon forest in Pará. The study used 30 wooden nest boxes distributed along a RAPELD research module located in a forest fragment in the Xingu region of Altamira. Eight boxes were installed in transect One and 16 transect the Two, added six boxes along the stream. Four boxes per parcel were installed, two at the beginning and two at the end, one 1.5 m hight and the other with 5 m. in relation to the ground; the boxes installed along the stream were fixed with intercalated height (1,5 and 5 m) distanced 50 m each other. Environmental and spatial variables were measured: opening the canopy edge distance, and an average density of the surrounding DAP trees, distance and altitude stream. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA), were used to correlate the occurrence of bird, amphibians and reptiles species, and used to verify the relationship between the nesting site variables and locations in relation to the sampling sites. Seven boxes were occupied by vertebrates, all then as sheltering. Four were occupied by mammals (Didelphidae and Rodentia), two reptiles (Thecadatilus rapicauda) and one amphibian (Osteocephalus taurinus). Sampling covered the entire study area through the heterogeneous distribution of the artificial cavities, there was slight variation between the variables and the nest boxes (PCA - 39.50% explanation of the axes). There was no significant correlation, but a tendency of use for T. rapicauda to occupy boxes associated with the variables distance of the stream and altitude, and mammals with the variable vegetation cover. Different from other Brazilian studies there was low occupation of nest boxes, and our results were not substantial to determine the use of nest boxes for environmental enrichment in fragmented environmental fragments in the Amazon.

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