Dissertações em Ciência Animal (Mestrado) - PPGCAN/Castanhal

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2337

O Mestrado em Ciência Animal teve início em 1999 junto à CAPES/MEC e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal (PPGCAN) do Campus Universitário de Castanhal (CCAST) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) e Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da torta de dendê na dieta de caititus (Pecari tajacu) criados em cativeiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-07-08) COSTA, Jociel Ferreira; GUIMARÃES, Diva Anelie de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2891287458034896
The commercial breeding of collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) has awakened interest in farmers due to the demand for its meat consumption and industrial use of byproducts such as leather. However, the highest cost of production of this species in captivity are the expenses on food. In this context, the palm kernel cake (Elaeis guineensis), a fibrous byproduct extracted from the fruit nut, has a low cost and high availability in Pará State, Brazil, thus it’s possible to be used in the animal diet. Considering this, the aim of this study was to test the efficiency of the palm kernel cake inclusion in diets for collared peccaries in replacement of wheat bran, checking their weight gain, feed intake, carcass and non-components of carcass characteristics. For that, the effect of increasing levels of palm kernel cake inclusion with 0%, 7.5%, 15% and 22.5% in diets offered to the animals were analyzed. The experiment was conducted at Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – Embrapa Eastern Amazon Region in 12 experimental stalls (12m2), using 40 male collared peccaries in finishing phase. Two animals were housed in each stall, in which they were given the corresponding treatment feed. Each enclosure served as an experimental unit, plus the stalls and their respective treatments were defined by drawing lots. The animals were divided according to weight and age, using a randomized block design. After the nutritional experiment the animals were slaughtered in a commercial slaughterhouse for pigs. According to the treatments used (0%, 7.5%, 15% and 22.5%), average daily gain (ADG) was 46.85g, 26.83g, 36.10g and 52.13g and daily feed intake was 437.68g, 440.27g, 436.54, 436.25g respectively. The animals gained more weight as the inclusion of palm kernel cake increased in their diet, although the significant difference (p<0.05) was only observed in T7,5% compared to T0% and T22%. For each treatment used (0%, 7.5%, 15% and 22.5%), carcass dressing percentage was 59.54%, 56.63%, 56.58%, 62.07%, and ham percentage 31.61%, 33.58%, 30.16% and 35.57%, respectively, without significant difference (p>0.05). Although there was no significant difference between the treatments used in both variables, there was an increase tendency of 4% and 12% for carcass dressing percentage and ham percentage, respectively, in T22, 5% when compared to T0%. Live weight, fasting weight, hot carcass, carcass length, blood, head, skin, organs, paws and commercial cuts were not influenced by the levels of palm kernel cake inclusion (p>0,05). The results suggest the inclusion to the level of 22%, of palm kernel cake in the collared peccary feed, in replacement of wheat bran, without any harms of animal performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização estrutural e ultraestrutural das células do epitélio gonadal de Hypophthalmus Marginatus (Valenciennes 1840) durante a espermatogênese
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-05) GONÇALVES, Liziane Amaral Barbosa; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081
Hypophthalmus marginatus is a siluriforme, belonging to the family Pimelodidae. This species is highly consumed in eastern Amazonia and has a wide socio-economic importance to the region. Studies on the histological characterization of the reproductive system are still unknown in this species. Therefore, this study serves as a tool for biotechnology techniques, necessary for the production in captivity, since this species is one of the fishing resource most intensively exploited by artisanal fisheries. The aim of this study was to characterize the structural and ultrastructural features of germinal epithelium cells of Hypophthalmus marginatus during spermatogenesis. 168 specimens were collected from December 2011 to December 2012. Macroscopically were identified 69 adult males. In field, ventral incision was held in fishes and fragments of testicles from the median region and semen were removed. Then the material was subjected to processing and analysis of light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning. The data revealed that the germ cells proliferate inside the spermatic cyst synchronously. Spermatids enter at the spermiogenesis process through three distinct stages of cell differentiation. The nucleus does not move relative to the axis flagellar and the centrioles don't migrate to the nucleus. The spermatozoids showed a spherical head with the highly condensed nucleus and no acrosome. The intermediary piece was short containing a single long flagellum. The axoneme presents the structure of microtubules within the pattern (9 + 2). The nuclear fossa housed the proximal centriole partially. The presence of spermatogenic cells in the same subphase of meiosis inside the cyst is characterized as cystic spermatogenesis, with synchronous growth of the cells. This suggests that spermiogenesis of H. marginatus is of type III and the presence of nuclear fossa is considered a distinctive feature for the species, which differs from other pimelodids.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição do microfitoplâncton do Rio Arienga (Barcarena-Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SENA, Bethânia Alves; NAKAYAMA, Luiza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3771896759209007; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081
This work aims to describe the composition, relative abundance and frequency of occurrence of microphytoplankton in the Arienga River, determined from the analysis of ten samples collected in the rainy and dry seasons (May and September 2009 respectively), during five geo-referenced stations, using a conical plankton net with a mesh size of 20μm. In the period studied, the rainfall showed an atypical behavior, compared to the average of the last ten years for the region of Barcarena, as pH and temperature did not undergone great changes. A total of 128 species were identified, belonging to divisions: Dinophyta (0.78%), Chrysophyta (0.78%), Cyanobacterium (12.50%), Chlorophyta (26.56%), and Bacillariophyta (59.38%). Genres Microcystis Kützing ex Lemmermann, Staurastrum Meyen ex Ralfs, Ulothrix Kützing, Eudorina Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Volvox Linnaeus, Hydrodictyon Roth, Pediastrum Meyen, Aulacoseira Thwaites, Coscinodiscus Kützing, Pinnularia Ehrenberg, Polymyxus Bailey, Rhizosolenia Brightwell, Actinoptychus Ehrenberg, Thalassiosira Ehrenberg, Tabellaria Ehrenberg ex Kützing, Fragilaria Lyngbye e Navicula Bory de St. Vincent had 100% of representativeness at in both fenods. It was possible to confirm two large groups, suggesting that the rainfall regime was the main controller factor of phytoplankton composition and spatial variation of species along the Arienga River. The phytoplankton diversity was considered characteristic of the Amazon region; therefore, it is considered that the human action did not affect the phytoplankton community of the Arienga River to date.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição e distribuição espaço-temporal das larvas de peixes do estuário do Rio Quatipuru - Nordeste Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-25) SILVA, Potira Fernandes e; MELO, Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4989238044542736; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
In Quatipuru Estuary, located in Northeast Pará two campaigns were carried out in dry season (November/2009) and rainy season (May/2010) with spatial and nictemeral collections. Larvae were collected using a plankton net, conical, with 60 cm mouth opening, 1.80 m long and 500 m mesh opening. The samples were screened and identified as to their stage of larval development and species level, some typed. The family Clupeidae was the most abundant in drags spatial-temporal in dry season and Scianidae (Cynoscion acoupa) characterized the rainy season. In dry season, were observed low density, highest value 8.50 ind./m³ (Clupeidae sp.3) and the lowest value 0.06 ind./m³ (Engraulididae sp.2). In the Quatipuru Estuary 65% of the larvae at the stage of pre-flexion, flexion 25% and 10% post-flexion. In rainy season were observed 64% in pre-flexion, flexion 14% and 22% in post-flexion. In cluster analysis (mode Q) distinguished two main groups according to the seasonal site, so R did not distinguish between major groups and the association of species. According Principal Component Analysis (PCA) the first two axes explained 82% of data variance, a trend can be observed according to the distribution of species richness. In nictemeral drag, the Clupeidae family was mean larval density in dry season (Clupeidae sp.1), and Scianidae family best characterized in rainy season (Cynoscion acoupa). Also very low density, the higher value of 2.96 ind./m³ during the rainy season and the lowest 0.01 ind./m³ in the dry season. During the dry season were 57% in the stage of preflexion, 26% flexion and 17% in post-flexion, since the rainy season 11% in pre-flexion, 38% flexion and 51% in post-flexion. The Q mode cluster analysis also distinguishes two groups according to seasonality (dry/rainy), the R mode also did not distinguish between major groups regarding the association of its kind. In PCA. the shaft 01 is responsible for 70% directly related to the richness and density of organisms, a tendency was observed of distribution according to species occurrence in the horizontal direction.
Desconhecido
Desempenho e características de carcaças de cordeiros suplementados com diferentes níveis de resíduo de biodiesel
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-15) SOARES, Bruno Cabral; ÁVILA, Sandra Cristina de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9683521652094464; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8940750096354420; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544
Was aimed verify the effect from different levels of supplementation from biodiesel residue originating from dendê. Were utilized 25 male ovines, Mutt, gelded, with middleweight live of 20 kg. The experimental delineation utilized were randomized blocks, with 5 replicates per treatment, for the weight gain data and carcass characteristics. The biometrics data were analyzed in a subdivided parcel scheme. The experimental period was 84 days, with 14 days of adaptation and 70 days to obtain study variables. The feeding was split in 2 meals, at 7h00 and 17h00. Diets were composed 34% hay Panicum maximum cv. Massai and 61% concetrated, from broken corn, soy bran, minerals and 5% of dendê oil or dendê biodiesel residues, on increasing levels (zero, 25,50,75 and 100%), respectively. At the beginning of the trial period and each 14 days were realized morning weighings, before the first meal for performance evaluation, biometric measures and slaughtered on final of the trial period for carcass characteristics evaluation after passing 12h fasting of solids and liquid diet. Significant effects were observed (p<0,05) from inclusion levels of biodiesel residue originating from dendê. The regression equations presented increasing linear effect, for variables: dry matter consumption (DMC), live weight (LW), weight gain (WG), body score (BS), body length (BL), thoracic perimeter (TP), chest width (CW), and quadratic for PCQ, PCF,RCB, RB. Dendê biodiesel residues utilization, in replace of dendê oil on lambs food, promotes increasing effect on dry matter consumption and weight gain, improves carcass characteristics and becomes an alternative to increase energetic density of growing ovines diet.
Desconhecido
Determinação dos níveis de fósforo, cobre, cobalto e zinco em bubalinos criados nos municípios de Soure, Salvaterra, Breves e Cachoeira do Arari, na ilha de Marajó, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-05-31) PINHEIRO, Cleyton Prado; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
We studied 104 buffaloes, adults, without distinction of race and sex, reared extensively, without supplementation, in native pastures of low nutritional quality, in the municipalities of Breves, Cachoeira do Arari, Salvaterra and Soure, Marajo Island, Pará. Held collection of liver, bone and blood of 26 animals in the municipality of Salvaterra, 38 animals in the municipality of Soure, 20 animals in the municipality of Breves and 20 animals in the municipality of Cachoeira do Arari. Determination was performed to determine the levels of phosphorus in the blood serum and bone ash and specific gravity on bone and cobalt, copper and zinc in liver tissue. It was observed that the average phosphorus concentrations in blood serum (6.26 mg/dl) and bone (10.77 %), the percentage of ash (60.87 %) and specific gravity (1.59 g/ml) of bone were lower than the critical levels established for cattle, characterizing phosphorus deficiency. The average concentrations of copper (5.57 ppm) and zinc (27.05 ppm) was considered low when compared with reference values, characterizing disability for these elements. In the case of cobalt when considering the values detectable and undetectable by the methodology it was observed that 51.92% of the animals had levels below the reference, indicating the occurrence of cobalt deficiency in these animals. It is emphasized that the deficiencies of copper and zinc showed a more severe since all animals studied showed low levels of these elements.
Desconhecido
Farelo de coco e torta de dendê como suplementos alimentares na dieta de novilhas bubalinas recriadas em pasto de capim-marandu
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-07-18) AMARAL JÚNIOR, João Maria do; FATURI, Cristian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8389692203753236; BERNARDES, Thiago Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9614321233731548
The dairy buffaloes production in the State of Pará, which has 51% of national buffalo herd, has been seeking alternatives to increase the productivity of systems, which are based on the use of pasture as a food source. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance off buffalo heifers grazed in marandu grass and supplemented with different strategies. A total of 48 heifers and average initial age of 12 months and weight of 207,0 kilograms were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and two replications. The experimental diets were supplemented with a base of coconut meal (COC), the second base of palm kernel cake (DEN), third with corn and soybeans (FS + M) as positive control and a fourth treatment using mineral mix (MM) as a negative control. The animals fed the supplements COC, DEN e M+FS provided additional daily gain of 0,399, 0,405, 0,319 kg / animal, respectively, compared to the control group (P<0,05). The treatment on coconut got the best economic value when compared to other treatments. Dietary supplementation of buffalo heifers grazed in the dry period within use of by-products provides similar gains with the binomial corn and soybean meal and additional when compared to the mineral salt at a lower cost, resulting in increased productivity, sustainability and revenue of the activity.
Desconhecido
Fecundidade e fertilidade do camarão-da-Amazônia, Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) em dois ambientes estuarinos do estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) ROCHA, Cristina Pantoja; MELO, Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4989238044542736
The Macrobrachium amazonicum is a freshwater prawn with ample fishing exploration in the Amazon region, virtue of the abundance and good acceptance in the consuming market. The aim of this study was to characterize the fecundity and fertility of M. amazonicum in two estuaries environments in the State of Pará. Of form that was accomplished monthly collections in the period of September 2008 the August 2009, in the city of Vigia and Belém in the Island of Mosqueiro, the females were until the Laboratory of Ecology Aquatic and Tropical Aquaculture - LECAT in the campus of the Agricultural University Federal of the Amazom - UFRA in Belém. For the determination of fecundity 30 females were collected monthly on average ovigerous of each point of collection, the eggs adhered to the pleopods were removed, using sodium hypochlorite as 2 % of active and stored chlorine in alcohol 70%. The individual fecundity was determined from the total counting of eggs. For a determination of the volume of eggs it was selected of each place of collection randomly 50% of the total number of destined females ovigerous the fecundity, following two groups: eggs pigmented and non-pigmented. To determine fertility, ovigerous females of M. amazonicum were stored in individual glass tanks 2L. After hatching, the larvae were siphoned and counted. For all females was measured the weight of each specimen and evaluated their biometrics with the aid of a precision caliper. Females of M. amazonicum coming from the Municipality of Vigia had absolute length between 4.8 and 9.3 cm and weighing between 2.21 and 11.81 g with absolute fecundity between 38 and 5749 eggs (2296 ± 1288 eggs). For females of Belém, from the island of Mosqueiro, the length varied between 3.71 and 8.14 cm, weight between 1.27 and 11.2 g with absolute fecundity ranged from 123 and 7571, mean 1448 ± 990 eggs. The volume of eggs for females obtained in the City Watch, referring to the non-pigmented eggs, had an average volume of 141.37 mm³, whereas for pigmented egg volume was 116.13 mm³. Females from the island of Mosqueiro, with non-pigmented eggs an average volume of 118.97 mm³ pigmented eggs and the average volume was calculated at 144.61 mm³. The analysis of fertility in the females of Vigia had a length between 5.41 and 9.72 cm and weighing between 2.51 and 9.60 g absolute fertility was 14 and 4430 larvae mean 1152 ± 822 larvae per female. The island of Mosqueiro had a length between 3.53 and 7.67 cm and weighing between 1.12 and 8.77 g of absolute fertility between 7 and 4121 and averaged 755 ± 871 larvae per female. The referring values fertility and fecundity for the Vigia and Belém - Island of Mosqueiro indicate that it has proportionality enters the variables of length and weight. Although showing lower fertility and fecundity values presented for breeding other species of commercial interest, the values shown here show that these two places the species meets provide arrays potential for aquaculture.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intoxicação por Ipomoea spp. em ruminantes na Ilha de Marajó
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-02-09) TORTELLI, Fábio Py; RIVERO, Gabriela Riet Correa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7540534565167837
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Manejo de Scaptotrigona Sp. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) para polinização da rambuteira (Nephelium Lappaceum L.)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-07-31) LEÃO, Kamila de Sousa; CONTRERA, Felipe Andrés León; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3815182976544230; VENTURIERI, Giorgio Cristino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7180149611727426
Meliponini bees can be easily kept and they are important crop pollinators. This study aimed to manage a Scaptotrigona species to improve pollination in rambutan trees (Nephelium lappaceum L.). The first chapter analysed the phenological development (flowering and fruit phases) in rambutan crop. Two blossom periods per year were identified. The average cycle duration (from anthesis to harvest fruit point) was 123-128 days. The objective of the second chapter was evaluate the effect of Scaptotrigona sp. nests in rambutan fruit set. There were not significantly differences on rambutan fruit set upon bee presence or absence, although Scaptotrigona sp. presented high index of pollen fidelity to rambutan. The last chapter focused on a specific question about stingless beekeeping. It was tested whether a rational hive model (Embrapa) was better than a traditional hive (cabocla) for Scaptotrigona sp. management, by evaluating certain aspects, such as biological adaptation and management, . It was found that the studied hive (Embrapa) is a suitable model to rational creation of Scaptotrigona.

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