Dissertações em Doenças Tropicais (Mestrado) - PPGDT/NMT

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3559

O Mestrado Acadêmico em Doenças Tropicais iniciou em 2004 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical (NMT) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização genética parcial e completa da nucleoproteína de hantavírus na Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SIMITH, Darlene de Brito; NUNES, Márcio Roberto Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0299116892743368
The Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) has been diagnosed in the Brazilian Amazon since 1995. Until december 2010 have been diagnosed 289 cases in the Brazilian Amazon, registered in the states of Mato Grosso, Pará, Maranhão, Amazonas and Rondônia. The overall objective of this study was to characterize genetically hantavirus strains circulating in these states. Samples of viscera from wild rodents positive for IgG antibodies against hantavirus caught in ecoepidemiológicos studies, conducted in the municipalities of Itacoatiara/AM, Alto Paraíso/RO and Campo Novo do Parecis/MT, and serum/blood of human cases of HPS from the municipalities in the area of influence of BR-163 in the states of Pará and Mato Grosso, Tomé-Açu/PA, Tangará da Serra/MT, and viscera of a pool of death coming from Anajatuba/MA. The samples were extracted viral RNA, followed by the reactions of RT-Hemi-Nested-PCR for samples from rodents, RT-Nested-PCR for human samples and nucleotide sequencing using the Sanger method and pyrosequencing, and later, scanned for matters such as identity (BLAST search), similarity (Simplot) and nucleotide and aminoacidic homology with other hantaviruses (Clustal W). We obtained partial sequences of hantavirus in five species of rodents Oligoryzomys microtis (n=2 from Itacoatiara/AM; n=3 from Alto Paraíso/RO) and in eight samples from humans (n=1 from Tomé-Açu/PA; n=1 from Altamira/Cachoeira da Serra; n=1 from Novo Progresso/PA; n=1 from Guarantã do Norte/MT; n=1 de Anajatuba/MA and n=3 de Altamira/Castelo dos Sonhos). Using the strategy of pyrosequencing were obtained complete sequences of the gene N, S-RNA of three hantavirus in rodents (n=2 from Alto Paraíso/RO and n=1 from Campo Novo do Parecis/MT) and two human cases (n=1 from Tangará da Serra/MT and n=1 from Novo Progresso/PA). Analysis of complete sequences showed the presence of ORFs for possible NSs protein, as described for other hantaviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences obtained in this study and other hantaviruses available in GenBank suggests that the virus Castelo dos Sonhos is responsible for cases of HPS in municipalities in the area of influence of BR-163, obtaining for the first time, the complete sequence of this virus in rodent Oligoryzomys utiaritensis, coming from Mato Grosso; confirmed the continued circulation of Laguna Negra-like virus associated with HPS cases in the state of Mato Grosso; the Rio Mamoré-like virus was first time detected in O.microtis rodents, the state of Amazonas and Rondônia, but not associated with human cases; the virus Anajatuba was responsible for a case of death from Maranhão. This work will serve as support for future epidemiological and molecular studies, therefore, provides new data about the spread of hantaviruses in the Brazilian Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B em duas comunidades ribeirinhas de afluentes do Tocantins
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) GADELHA, Maria Apolônia da Costa; REZENDE, Manoel Barbosa de
The infection by the hepatitis B virus reaches 5% of the world population, with areas of low, intermediate, and high endemism according to the variation in prevalence rates. The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in two tributaries of the river communities of Tocantins, in order to assist with control of viral hepatitis for the Amazon region. We evaluated 58 patients living in the city of Igarapé-Miri (Panacuera and Pindobal Grande). The survey of serological markers for HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc), revealed the absence of HBsAg in both communities, while anti-HBc was positive in 3.84% of patients and in 12 Panacuera 5% at Pindobal Grande. The anti-HBs was positive in 3.4% and 6.25% Panacauera in Pindobal Grande. Given these results, we found that the prevalence rates of HBV infection in both communities were low compared to those found in other areas of the Amazon. However, these markers should be considered during the selection of donors within the community because of the risk of post-transfusion hepatitis. Prevention through vaccination should be done because individuals in these communities because they have risk factors, are predisposed to infection and may progress to cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

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