Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde, Ambiente e Sociedade na Amazônia - PPGSAS/ICS
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/10372
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Distribuição espacial da hanseníase e sua relação com variáveis socioeconômicas e políticas públicas, em três municípios no estado do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-12) PINHEIRO, Bruno Vinícius da Silva; GONÇALVES, Nelson Veiga; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8811269146444725Over the last years, the World Health Organization (WHO), the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the Ministry of Health (MS) have been prioritizing geographic areas with high case detection and social determinants that increase the risk of illness of its inhabitants in favor of the geographic policies to combat the endemic leprosy. The current study aims to characterize the disease, its epidemiological, operational and socio-demographic variables and the policies developed for its control and elimination. Thus, there was a transversal, retrospective and descriptive study, on the population basis with a temporal and spatial analysis of new leprosy cases that was associated with the income population condition and the level of health services in three cities in the state of Pará : Ananindeua, Marabá and Xinguara. Using the digital cartographic basis and socioeconomic data of each city, developed by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the morbidity registered in the SINAN, the new cases diagnosed during the period of 2010 to 2015 were characterized, by census sector, aiming to subsidize the analysis, as well as intervention strategies. The Epi Info 7 and Bioestat 5.0 softwares were used for the statistical tests, in which it was hypothesized that there is a positive relationship between the epidemiological variables and the other ones. The cases were geographically referenced on site, using a Global Positioning System receiver (GPS) and theses very cases were specialized using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The Kernel estimation method was applied in order to obtain spatial analysis and aiming to highlight areas of higher case density and also where the best levels of patient care were found. The real risk of occurrence of leprosy in each area was analyzed using the Buffer technique, as from the incidence in children under 15 years old and multibacillary cases. Considering the problem and the use of the aforementioned methods and techniques, a collection of tables and graphs of the main indicators and the magnitude of the hidden prevalence of leprosy was generated, as well as a variety of digital images that express the disease spatial analysis. The results shown in thematic maps reveal an inhomogeneous distribution of leprosy in the territories, highlighting areas of greater and lower risk and allowing to identify those that could be taken as a priority by the Leprosy Control Program.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Perfil epidemiológico e espacial da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos de idade, na região metropolitana de Belém, estado do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-12-18) OLIVEIRA, Silvio Silva; PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4043070406676676; GUERREIRO, João Farias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1000688763895346Leprosy is an infectious, curable disease, however, with great potential for generating physical incapacity. Knowing the impact of leprosy in children under 15 allows estimating the level of transmission, the intensity of the endemic disease and evaluating the effectiveness of health services in combating this disease, which is more prevalent in poor populations and represents a growing health problem in the this study analyzed the epidemiological profile of leprosy in children under 15 years of age and the population coverage of the Family Health Strategy in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, state of Pará, from 2006 to 2015. Quantitative study with an ecological study design in a historical series of leprosy cases reported in the years 2006 to 2015, using secondary data from the Ministry of Health's Notifiable Diseases and Basic Attention Database State of Pará, Brazil. Of the 675 cases, the majority (58.96%) were detected by referral, predominantly male (55.70%), black + brown (81.63%) and incomplete elementary school (77.48 %). The most frequent age group (65.09%) was children aged 10 to 14 years, with a predominance of paucibacillary forms and a higher frequency of dimorphic clinical form. The evolution of the standardized rate of detection of leprosy in less than 15 years, presented geographically, showed a high level of hyperendemicity in the municipalities of Castanhal, which had population coverage of the Consolidated Family Health Strategy and Marituba with intermediate coverage. It was presented with hyperendemicity in the municipality of Santa Bárbara do Pará also as a consolidated coverage and very high endemicity in the municipalities of Ananindeua with intermediate coverage, Belém with incipient coverage, Benevides and Santa Izabel do Pará with consolidated coverage. The areas of spatial autocorrelation for the transmission of the disease appeared to form two clusters, the first one involving the municipalities of Ananindeua, Belém and Benevides and the second one formed by the municipality of Castanhal located opposite to the first one. The highest densities of mean detection rates were observed in the municipalities of Marituba that spread to the municipalities of Ananindeua and Benevides and also in the municipality of Castanhal, representing to some extent the areas of greatest risk for the transmission of the disease. In the city of Belém, the capital of the State of Pará, the population coverage of the Family Health Strategy was incipient in most of the neighborhoods, although in some of the Mosqueiro Island it was consolidated, contradictorily putting those areas with the highest densities of average detection rates. The magnitude of the endemic disease, the strength of the morbidity and the tendency of the disease, indicated by the indicators of epidemiological follow-up remained high and the coverage of the Family Health Strategy, although consolidated in most municipalities, was not homogeneously distributed to guarantee universal coverage to the territories , implying in some way with this epidemiological situation, to affirm that leprosy is a serious public health problem in the Metropolitan Region of Belem.