Navegando por Assunto "Água"

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A água para o consumo humano: ensino por meio de temas com abordagem em ciência, tecnologia, sociedade e ambiente
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-02) RIBEIRO, Dayane Negrão Carvalho; ALMEIDA, Ana Cristina Pimentel Carneiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1265908866509687
Water is a topic commonly treated in the teaching of science, but a resource availability scenario lacks discussions to training for citizenship through the recognition of scientific and technological issues surrounding access to the use and preservation of human life. In this scenario, this study sought to determine how the proposed theme "Water for Human Consumption" can influence the training for citizenship of elementary school students of a school of public schools in the city of Abaetetuba, generating in this context two thematic booklets on the proposal, namely: a thematic booklet for students and a booklet with activity suggestions for the teacher. The used theoretical foundation hás two sections. The first incorporates the approach in Science, Technology, Society and Environment and his notes to improve the teaching of science through teaching by theme based on three pedagogical moments of Delizoicov, Angotti and Pernambuco (2011), from the context of situations students in order to involve them actively in the search for solutions through diversified activities. In the second section I write about scientific knowledge related to water and its influence on the teaching of science. The research environment was formed through a short course, attended by eleven students of the sixth grade of elementary school as research subjects, as well as teacher-researcher. The action research was the methodological option chosen in this study to collect data, which are analyzed in light of the interpretative analysis of Creswell (2007). The data showed that the subject worked in the Science approach, Technology, Society and Environment enables students to recognize the problems of their reality, allowing its insertion in the search for solutions, and also shows the importance of working everyday reality, paying attention the difficulties of the students to express themselves orally and in writing. As for the teacher researcher, this study showed how reflective practice was important for the conduct of short course activities. Regarding the product of this work, the two primers for use in teaching-learning situation, I consider it possible that the treatment of the subject, because aroused the interest of students to continue the activities culminating in presentations to the school community. And yet, there was the drafting of a letter by students with proposals to solve specific problems that was sent to the school towards improving knowledge about the problems and possible solutions observed by students in their school environment, with regard to access to water for human consumption
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Água: direito fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) AMIN, Aleph Hassan Costa; MATTOS NETO, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
Pollution and disordered use of water resources, gradually, are making water improper for human consumption. Moreover, both population and economic growth multiply the uses of water and make its demand to grow before an inelastic supply. The combination of these factors leads to infer that this resource can not be understood as an infinite good, since the confrontation of their availability with their demands tends to cause a shortage. In this context, it is clear that water, as a natural resource, is necessary for social development, andfor the economy too. For this reason, this study seeks to discuss the social and economic value of water, demonstrating how these values manifest themselves in a scenario of scarcity. Theapproach is made based on the fundamental rights, equating the access to water the list of rights.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Água: um estudo sobre as representações sociais de alunos do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-08-19) IMBIRIBA, Teresa Elvina Florenzano; NAKAYAMA, Luiza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3771896759209007
Since my academic career was based on a traditional way of teaching, in which I wasn’t stimulated to participate the classes, not showing my ideas and opinions, now as a teacher, I try to encourage my students to speak, enhancing their knowledge in the subject in focus and linking them to the information at school. Thus, guided by the idea of rescue/recover the knowledge that students perceive in their family and cultural environment, I drew this essay as a research about the social representations of water from 4th grade basic education students of the ‘Escola de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Pará’, in the year of 2007. I have used the social representaion theory formulated by serge moscovici as theoretical and methodological support with the Central Core theory of Jean- Claude Abric. The methodology characterized by a qualitative and quantitative approach, had the techniques of data collection, the questionnaire, the free evocation from the word inducing water, supplemented by the interview. The research had as subjects 110 students from the 4th grade basic education, in the ages from nine to thirteen years old, in which 60 of those are girls. The result analysis revealed important aspects about the students and their answers and enabled me to identify that the content of the water’s social representation are associated to the following meanings and senses: 1) The water consumption in the every day habits of hygiene and food; 2) To the natural landscape, formed by water resources; 3) To the natural phenomena, as the rain and the tsunami; 4) To its values and importance as a source of life and health; 5) To the concrete attitudes and actions for the water treatment; 6) To the care and preservation of the natural water heritage; 7) To its symbolism: water as a worship, beauty and leisure object and 8) its characteristics. About the structure of the water’s social representation, the central core was constituted by the semantic categories: bath, drink, life, clean, river and rain and the peripheral system, by the categories: save, pollute, wash the food, waterfalls, make food, crystalline, entertainment, sea, peace, tsunami, useful, well and drop. The understanding of students answers about water, were essential to my thoughts about this subject and so now I can create new pedagogical practices based on the challenge of forming studentcitizens that recognize the need of using water in a sensible way as a finite resource which needs to be maintained and preserved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise econômica de sistema de abastecimento de água público fechado: estudo de caso da Cidade Universitária Professor José da Silveira Netto - Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-18) SILVA, Adnilson Igor Martins da; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973
The water supply is of paramount importance not only for human survival, but also for the development of economic activities and institutional, that is, to organic life / biotic and social life. Regarding the availability of this feature Brazil is a country with huge potential reserves to meet this end. The City University Professor José da Silveira Netto, the UFPA campus, currently produces its water, with funding through an underground aquifer, and in small quantities, also purchased from Local Dealership. However, in relation to production at the Federal University of Pará there is no knowledge about the maintenance costs of the production line, the hand labor involved, etc.. The lack of such knowledge does not allow the manager to act strategically with respect to this situation. This work aims to raise the direct and indirect costs of production of 1m³ of water treated at the City University Professor José da Silveira Netto, comparing it with the amounts charged by the Concessionaire site in order to show the manager what the most advantageous to the Administration with relation to the matter being addressed. Furthermore, future scenarios have been created in order that the activity is dynamic and growing university, beyond what was incorporated as conditions of energy cost and value of grants for water use, not yet integrated into the current cost of production. The results clearly demonstrate that the option of producing drinking water is the most economically advantageous for the institution, in any proposed scenario. Noting that the cost per m³ of produced water ranges from R$ 0,31 to R$ 0,45, while the purchase through the Local Dealership, around R$ 4,30 / m³ for the year 2011, only show viable if that price is a maximum of R$ 0,50 / m³. With this information and analyzes adequately presented clearly and technically considered, this work may be used as a management tool that will permit the public better or more adequate system of water supply in the City University Professor José da Silveira Netto.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de riscos aplicada como metodologia de controle e segurança da qualidade da água no sistema de abastecimento de Belém - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-08) ARAÚJO JUNIOR, Antonio Jorge Silva; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This study aims to use the risk assessment approach FMEA as control and safety methodology of water quality in Belém supply system. During the monitoring period were determined indicators free residual chlorine, turbidity, apparent color, pH, fluoride, total iron, total coliforms and E. coli. Collections and analyzes were performed in 46 points of Belém supplies central zone, including water treatment plants, reservoirs drop in the sectors and in the supply network. Each set of data received descriptive statistical analysis, outlier removal and passed the Kruskal Wallis test to determine significant differences between indicators of different supply sectors. It was found that the 3680 measurements, 706 showed no compliance with potability standards (BRASIL, 2011), of which 582 were in the supply network, 92 on the reservoirs drop in the sectors and 32 at treatment plants. The FMEA methodology was applied to all the analyzed indicators, and the points were divided into three groups: REDE, DRS and ETA’s. For the REDE group were identified 18 points of moderate risk and 18 points high risk. For the DRS group and ETA’s all the points were moderate risk. In this research there was no occurrence of despicable risk and critical. The indicators fluoride, total coliforms and E. coli were the most influential, accounting for approximately 15% in the risk weights. However, fluoride indicator contributes to increase the category of risk, because it showed 100% nonconformities with the fluor standards (BRASIL, 1975) in every point. After the categorization of risk, were prepared two maps, one with points and other with contours, representing the risks related to the quality of water for each one of the studied points. The contoured map was best represented the risk, as it presented more comprehensive information.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do desempenho ambiental e racionalização do consumo de água no segmento industrial de produção de bebidas
(2013-12) CAVALCANTE, Luciana Miranda; MACHADO, Luiza Carla Girard Teixeira; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de
The Amazon region, with a high hydric potential, has attracted companies that require significant volumes of water; therefore, control instruments are necessary to monitor this trend. In this study, the degree of rationing of water use by beverage industries in Para state and the behavior of the sector are discussed. The subjects' variables were classified according to four study dimensions (environmental management, water management, wastewater management, and advanced measures for rationing) that compose the rationing level of water industrial management. The independent variables were associated by size, industry type, packaging used, water availability and the economic value of water. The data show that beverage production has a significant water footprint, higher than 15,250 m3/day, and that small industries have the highest relative consumptions (more than 7 L of water/beverage L). In general, the sector does not ration significant quantities of water; a better result was obtained for water management. However, some more efficient measures could be adopted, especially with regard to water reuse in cooling towers. Analysis of the variables shows that the rationing level is directly dependent on the size of the industry and on the type of product. Consumption tends to be lavish. In response to this situation, public policies should be prioritized to determine the water footprint of products and environmental cost should be considered in the overall cost of production.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de um modelo via MEF para análise da dispersão de poluentes em rios, lagos e estuários
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03) LIMA, Rômulo Correa; BLANCO, Claudio José Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8319326553139808; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
Freshwater of good quality is a pre-requisite for social and economic development of a given region. Paradoxically, this same development is normally responsible for the pollution of their water sources, through domestic or industrial waste dumping without treatment, or through agricultural activities. In this way, the monitoring and the management of that sources are extremely important for the wellbeing of the people living in that region. Among the possible tools to auxiliary this management is the computational simulation of pollutant transport in the hydro medium. In this context, this work presents a computational procedure for the solution of the 2D advectiondiffusion- reaction equation, which is the basis for all the mass transport models. This process consists in the union of the finite elements and finite difference methods in the discretization of the spatial and temporal components, respectively. This methodology was evaluated with the help of tests with synthetic and real data. First one considered the case of mass transport by pure advection to ensure its stability in cases where the classical formulations fail. Second test simulated the transport of a hypothetical pollutant in a piece of a river and showed the correct effect of the drag due to advection and spreading due to diffusion. The last test evaluated the transport of total phosphorus in Agua Preta Lake from the pumped water of the Guama river and point sources located at the margins of the reservoir. The result of the simulation showed the potential of the algorithm to deal with cases closer to the reality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O estudo da água real e virtual no concreto usinado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-03) BARRETO, Lidianne Pereira Gomes Lucas; BLANCO, Claudio José Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8319326553139808; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973
Water is an essential substance in order to have life and as well as being a fundamental human right to water is also used in food production, services and consumer goods. Water is present in construction in real and virtual form. The water that is use in the extraction of raw materials, manufacturing of building materials and during the lifetime of the buildings and the virtual water is incorporate into the product. The construction industry is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world and therefore has become a major consumer of natural resources. In Brazil, the number of investments for housing has raised the number of buildings in the country and has caused builders seek technologies to reduce the time of execution of works. One such technology is the use of ready-mix concrete; a product manufactured in metering stations, which has as main advantages, the rationalization of the workforce and reduced the concrete runtime. By the growth in the use of ready-mix concrete and concern about water scarcity, this work proposed verify the presence, importance and economic value of the real and virtual water as raw material in ready-mix concrete produced in the metropolitan region of Belém-PA, therefore, although present throughout the concrete production process for the water is not assigned any economic value. When entering the real and virtual water in the unit prices of composition percentages of increases in the value of cubic meters of ready-mix concrete would be less than 1% for real water and 36% for virtual water. These increases although there are not added to the final price of manufacture of concrete. Therefore, one must consider the importance of this natural resource in the construction segment, in order to ensure the maintenance and quality of life for this and future generations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A importância da água para a reprodução da comunidade São José do Furo Maracapucu, Abaetetuba – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04) LIMA, Walter Chile Rodrigues
The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of water for reproduction of São José Community riverside populations of the Maracapucu hole and the relation with the belief, locomotion, productive activities and habits. The methodology utilized is of the qualitative descriptive approach, and in relation to the paper is bibliographical and of the field. The survey sample was 10 families from a population of 105 families. Data was collected using a questionnaire with open questions and scripted of dialogue and observations. The analysis of the results identified that water is essential in building the style of life of the Amazon riverside populations. It was observed also that the water of the estuary has been suffering attacks because of the misuse of several segments.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O “interior” e as águas: entre paisagens, mobilidades e tecnologias de uma vida ribeirinha em São Sebastião da Boa Vista no Marajó-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-20) LIMA, Joicieli Pereira de; BUENO, Michele Escoura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3126701924384242
This research arises from an internal confrontation with my own identity, and so I question whether the people who live in São Sebastião da Boa Vista in Marajó identify themselves as riverside or not. However, upon arriving in the field I realize that people in their daily lives are not using riverside as an identity, except in certain sporadic moments, and what appears constantly is the “interior” category, which in turn will be activated i ) sometimes as something negative and pejorative, considering the entire historical and social process that the word “interior” carries with it, ii) or from the confrontation with the “other”, this category will be one of valorization and reaffirmation. From the practice of people's daily lives, it was possible to notice that they were moving whether through the river, the dry land, the mud, but that within this movement the notion of time and space to refer to what is close and what is far it was being mediated by people's relationship with different landscapes, mainly by the presence or absence of water, understanding it as part of their reality and their way of life, acting in accordance with this connection to their own daily lives. Given this, I try to understand what it means to be from the “interior” for people, and from this I realize that the State reduces what it means to be riverside to a way of life linked only to the river, but that when seen through the practice of life people's daily lives, not only the river matters, but all the waters and their variations will constitute the production of the perception of belonging and their ways of life.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Jogos didáticos para o ensino de ciências ambientais na educação básica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-07) RODRIGUES, Zelinda Duarte; RIBEIRO, Karla Tereza Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2654817572738748
Given the precarious state of the basic sanitation system regarding the quality of water for human consumption, this study aimed to contribute through the application of educational games, focusing on Environmental Sciences themes, to the teaching and learning process of 5th-grade students in the early grades of Elementary School, in public schools in the municipality of São Sebastião da Boa Vista – Pará (SSBV-PA). We utilized a questionnaire as a data collection instrument, consisting of both objective and subjective questions, which was administered to teachers. This field research employed a quantitative-qualitative approach, involving the development of a Didactic Sequence and the creation of an "Ecological Chest" containing four games. These games were qualitatively evaluated and received positive acceptance from the judges. The research results with educators indicated that environmental and social themes are prevalent in school documents, highlighting the need for training in Agenda 2030 themes and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Educators employ various methodological strategies and recognize the importance of educational games. During the game application phase in schools, there was noticeable interest, dedication, and attention from the students. Thus, this study aimed to provide benefits such as the implementation of educational strategies and didactic products, contributing to teachers' practices, introducing a new effective and facilitating methodological tool in the teaching and learning process, as well as promoting the formation of values and attitudes. Therefore, we consider that the objectives of this work were achieved, as we emphasized topics related to Environmental Sciences, with a focus on Water, using a Didactic Sequence and Educational Games, adopting an interdisciplinary and playful approach, thus contributing to the teaching-learning process."
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelando matematicamente questões ambientais relacionadas com a água a propósito do ensino-aprendizagem de funções na 1ª série do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-03-29) CHAVES, Maria Isaura de Albuquerque; ESPÍRITO SANTO, Adilson Oliveira do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5870609258842071
This research presents a possible form to give itself and materialize the Mathematics Modeling as a teaching-learning method in regular courses. Such Modeling perspective was organized after considerations/observations about obstacles pointed out by those who came before us in this area. To observe how the teacher and the students get involved with Modeling activities and discuss all knowledge already produced for previous researches, these development effects for the teaching practice in the referred method for the student general formation as well as for the mathematics teaching-learning process, the model was tested in a high school first-year group and it had the first and second degree polynomial functions significant learning production evaluated. Also it was possible to evaluate the exponential function and logarithm, focusing on the tools used for the comprehension of environment question related to water. The obtained results point out that learning through Modeling can make students become co-participant of their teaching-learning process. Consequently it makes their significant learning easy. On the other hand, for the teaching, among the acknowledgement of modeling using advantages for the teaching and this application, theres a study and research permeated way, that to be struck needs aptitude and audacity to get over the obstacles that may show up.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Movimentos das águas e águas em movimento: um estudo sobre os conflitos pela água no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-01) BRIA, Nelson Gabriel da Silva; OLIVEIRA NETO, Adolfo da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3108272104911953; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-6295; HERRERA, José Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
Water is an indispensable element for the continuity of human life and the planet's environmental balance. As a result, the struggle for its access and resources is a struggle that has been going on for centuries around the world. In each space/territory, it takes on specific characteristics, stemming from the existing interrelationships. In Brazil, the existence of multiple conflicts over access, control, and the right to water and its resources can be seen in different spaces/territories, and the consequences of these conflicts take on new contours, whether in terms of defense strategies by social movements or by big capital, as actions that are harmful to these groups. The debates about water and movements can be understood from numerous theoretical and methodological perspectives, but here we start from the conflictuality and the historical and dialectical materiality that actions of different actors leave on different spaces. Once these actions are historical processes, which are in constant movement, acting and materializing in different ways in each space, leaving marks that can be described and analyzed in a critical way. In view of this, we propose to understand the different processes in which disputes over water are embedded, based on scientific debates and analyses of the actions suffered, practiced, and other strategies developed by socio-territorial water movements to safeguard the rights of their members and of society in general. The hypotheses raised in this work are that the socio-territorial movements organize themselves, either internally within a single movement, or allied with others, seeking different ways to face the adversities arising from the conflicts in which they are inserted, such as: demonstrations, occupations of companies and public agencies, lawsuits, against mining, agribusiness, industrial fishing, among others. The debates in this paper sought to understand the different processes in which disputes over water are inserted. In this sense, the bibliometric research and its subsequent analysis provided conditions for the observation of how science has been producing water conflicts worldwide. Not only the forms, but the diverse processes and conceptions that water assumes for each of those who dispute it. In this sense, it was possible to observe the dynamics resulting from the processes of appropriation and differentiation of uses and conceptions of water, noting the existence of hegemonic actors who seek to control it in order to satisfy their needs. The processes related to the disputes for and over water are complex, arising from the sum of factors resulting from the spaces and territories where they are inserted. At the national level, it was noticeable that socio-spatial and socio-territorial movements are important contesting actors of the current order, producing a set of actions and strategies to confront the hydro-hegemonic actors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sedimentação recente e condições físico-químicas das águas do Lago Novo – Cabo Norte/AP
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1997-06-06) COSTA, Wagner José Pinheiro; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-1217
The study of Lago Novo, considered the largest and of great economic potential for the state of Amapá, arose from the need for scientific information about the region, especially in the lacustrine system. For this purpose, this sedimentological and geochemical research was carried out. This lake is located in the innermost portion of the Coastal Plain of the State of Amapá, in the North Cape region. It is located in sediments of the Barreiras Group and recent sediments, 20 km away from crystalline rocks of the Guiana Shield and having an approximate area of 104 km². The waters of this lake show a very significant seasonal variation both in temperature (29.9 °C in the rainy season and 34.1 °C in the dry season) and in pH (5.65 in the rainy season and 7.95 in the dry season). dry season). The low electrical conductivity values, lower than 40 µs/cm, rule out a possible influence of the Araguari River estuary, while the analyzes of total dissolved solids (TSD) and suspended sediments indicate a small amount of ions and suspended sediments in the waters. of the lake. The lake bottom sediments are distributed in 5 granulometric classes: sand, silty sand, sandy silt, silt and clayey silt. The study of the faciological distribution of these sediments showed that the sediments of the sandy-silty and sandy-silt facies occupy about 47% of the lake area; silty facies, 44%; those from the sandy facies, 6% and those from the silt-clayey facies, 3% of the lake area. Quantitative analyzes defined the occurrence of 4 groups of clay minerals: kaolinite, smectite, illite and chlorite. Semi-quantitative analyzes allowed the establishment of mean values for the abundance of clay minerals in the lake sediments: kaolinite/chlorite with 72.6%; smectite 14% and illite 13.4%. According to the clay-mineral ratio found, 4 zones with distinct paragenesis occur: I) kaolinite/smectite ratio of 1.3/1 and kaolinite/illite ratio of 5/1; II) kaolinite/smectite ratio of 10/1 and kaolinite/illite ratio of 5/1; III) kaolinite/smectite ratio of 3.3/1 and kaolinite/illite ratio of 6/1; IV) kaolinite/smectite ratio of 26.4/1 and kaolinite/illite ratio of 8.2/1. The results of this research indicate that the elements that make up the Lago Novo system are products of the action of weathering agents acting on adjacent rocks and sediments, under the direct influence of the drainage network, geomorphology and seasonal climate changes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os solos-sedimentos da região central do estado do Acre (Feijó- Tarauacá), sua aptidão ao cultivo de abacaxi e a relação com os sedimentos fluviais atuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-10-18) PEREIRA, Patrícia Freitas; COSTA, Marcondes Lima da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1639498384851302; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-0432
Acre state is located in the southwest of Brazilian Amazonia. More than 80% of its territory is covered by rock of “Solimões Formation” which is predominantly constituted of fossiliferous siltic-argilaceus rocks, intercalated with sandstones, and its sources is the lands of “buttress andeans”. In Acre state there are spots of soil of good fertility, mainly in the central area (Feijó-Tarauacá). However, it is well noted that some cultivars has exaggerated development in size, such as banana, water melon and mainly pineapple “The Giant of Tarauacá”, that without artificial fertilizer neither manure, occurring only in a few specific places in this central region, that insinuating a great fertilization region, because of the big size and weighting up to 33 pounds. This natural fertilization is also recognized in the beach sediments (point bar) of the rivers that drain the state of Acre. The objective of this study is the soil fertilization in the region Feijó-Tarauacá, the origins and relations with sediments from the source sub-andean, carried and deposited via fluvial system along the time of the development of the “Solimões Formation” and it reworking. In the establishment of this study, there was as election of eighteen points of sampling in the soil, picking-up samples in two levels of profundity (0-10 and 10-20cm), eight of this points of sampling are in cultivated areas of “The Giant of Tarauacá” located in the Cologne Treze de Maio, seven points along the road BR-364 between Feijó and Tarauacá, two points in an area of “primary” forest near to Tarauacá and one point in a cultivated area of “purple pineapple” near to Feijó in the Cologne Três Corações, and one pineapple of “The Giant of Tarauacá” in the Cologne Treze de Maio. In the fluvial system it was samples waters, at the same time suspension and bottom sediments in nine stations along of the micro-basins of Tarauacá and Envira rivers, limited to the region of Tarauacá-Feijó-Envira. The soil analyze consists of a granulometric separation (sands, silts and clays); mineral identification by x-ray diffraction (XRD); chemical analysis (major and trace elements) and nutrients (P, Mg, Ca, K, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu e Zn), as well as, Al available and organic matter. The pineapple sample “The Giant of Tarauacá” was submitted to a analyze of Ca, Mg, P, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Hg. The physical-chemical parameters in situ (pH, temperature, STS, TDS, turbid, transparency) and chemical compound chlorate, sulfate, phosphate, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate were measured. The contents of metal dissolved in water and metal adsorbed in suspension sediment were establishment for ICP-MS. The bottom sediments were submitted to analyze of nutrients. The result reports shows that the soils in the region of Feijó-Tarauacá are shallowly developedment of where the horizons are easily con confunsed to sediments of source rocks. The predominance is silt-clays, and the variety allows distinguishing of three groups of soils: 1- silt-clay with sands between 4 - 20%; 2- sand-silt-clay; and 3-silt-clays with sands until 4%. All soils in Cologne Treze de Maio, where the pineapple “The Giant of Tarauacá” are cultivated, corresponds to the soil group #1. The mineralogy dominant in the soil-sediments studied is represented by esmectite (33 to 61%) and quartz (21 to 34%) followed by illite, kaolinite, a few of albite and microcline and calcite sometimes. The soils of Cologne Treze de Maio have highest contents of esmectite and quartz. The chemical analyze revels that these soil are mainly constituted of SiO2, Al2O3, and also of Fe2O3, and other like K2O3, CaO, and MgO, compatible with the mineralogy. The high level of SiO2 makes a relation of the countenance of quartz, and when allied to the Al2O3 reflects also the abundance of clays-minerals. The soils of Cologne Treze de Maio have high contents richer in of MnO, CaO and P2O5, The normalization with the Earth upper-crust revels that soil-sediments in the region Frejó-Tarauacá are poor of MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O e P2O5; enriched of TiO2; equivalents of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3; and are also enriched of MnO only in the soils sampled in the Cologne Treze de Maio. When normalized with the post-Achaean Australian Shales (PAAS) the soil-sediments are equivalents of CaO and SiO2, and maintain enriched of MnO in the samples of soil from the Cologne Treze de Maio, that are poor of other elements. When compared with soil of the central region of the Amazonia, the soilsediments of the region Frejó-Tarauacá are enriched of MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, Fe2O3 and MnO and similar with other oxides. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) indicates soil-sediments of low chemical alteration, a slightly superior than beach sediments from Acre and from the rivers Maranõn-Solimões, but compared to the CIA of esmectites probably related to the high concentrations of this clay-mineral on the matter studied. The analyzes of fertilization demonstrate high concentration of K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn, medium and high contents of P and also of organic matter, showing that these soil-sediments has high cation exchange capacity (CEC), saturation of base above of 75% and low saturation by Al. However the soils of the Cologne Treze de Maio highlight from other because of a fertilization standard higher than other soils studied, even after successive plantations of corn, rice, and giant pineapple. This high standard of fertility suggest that in spite of evidenced fertility spots in the soils in the region of Acre, specially in the soils of Feijó-Tarauacá, in fact in this area, inserted in the largest spots, there are “micro-spots” of soils with more fertility. These micro-spots are of empiric knowledge of few agriculturists that knows how to distinguish one area from other of less degree of fertility, cultivating banana, corn, rice, bean, and the exuberant pineapples “The Giant of Tarauacá”. The origin of fertility of the region Feijó-Tarauacá is intrinsic relational to the geological distinct characteristics in the region, that probably is relate to the oscillations in the process of deposition along the time of establishment of Solimões Formation, mainly with a rich mineralogy in clay-mineral 2:1 like the esmectites, more abundant in the soils of giant pineapple plantation, been the main responsible for the high index of CEC of the soils. The giant pineapple sampled analyzed weighted 4 times more than a commercial pineapple. The pulp pH is 4.1. Its nutritional content shows high contents of chemical elements in all parts of the pineapple analyzed (peel, pulp, center), in the peel concentrates the most elements, found in the following proportional order K> P> Ca> Mg> Mn> Na> Fe > Zn >Cu. When comparing it with the pineapples consumed in Colombia and in Mexico, it shows that only the contents of Na and Mg of “The Giant of Tarauacá” meets the average of other pineapples, other elements are found in a great contents, and the highlight is the values of P that is 22 times highest than one in the pineapple from Colombia, and the Mn element which is 18 times highest than one in the pineapple from Mexico. The average contents of Hg (55 ppb) in the soils analyzed is below of the worldwide meaning, however it is double of the average values found in the beach sediments from the rivers Envira, Tarauacá and Juruá, while the values of Hg (6 to 16 ppb) in the giant pineapple is similar to the one found in the lives and berries of bean cultivated in these beaches. The high contents of Mn available in the soils and in the giant pineapple insinuates that, contributes together with K and P elements, for the exaggerated growth of cultivars planted in the soils of micro-spots. High contents of nutrients of soils analyzed also were observed in the rivers that drain this region. The bottom sediments from the Envira River are more rich in nutrients than one in Tarauacá River, insinuating that soils derived from Solimões Formation drained by the Envira River seems to be more rich in nutrients. The fluvial waters in the season of high-water (winter) enriched itself of organic matter in suspension until 8 times more than in summer, the inverse happen with the total solid solute (TDS), that in the dryness season it is 3 times more (TDS) than in the period of high-water. The contents of metals available in the suspension sediments are in the following decreasing order Fe, Al, Mg, Mn, Na, Ti, Ba, Zn, Sr, Cu, B, Li, Sn, Pb, Rb, etc, (Ca e K not analyzed). The smallest meanings of these elements are found mainly in the Jurupari River, affluent of Envira River, except Se, Sn, Rb, Sb, and Cs. These suspension sediments are relative rich of nutrients explaining the mineralogy of fluvial waters and in conjuncts the fertility in the point bar, thus shows that the sediments of Solimões Formation in fact are the mainly source of fertility of the actual bodies in the point bar and in the flood plain of Acre state, also for the sediments of older terrains, where pineapple “The Giant of Tarauacá” is cultivated, among other cultivars.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O uso consciente da água para a sustentabilidade: uma abordagem de aprendizagem interdisciplinar no ambiente escolar.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-29) SANTANA, Diego Rodrigues; FERREIRA, Cristiane de Paula; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7804816854015308
Environmental issues have gained notoriety in the social context, as the impacts continuously caused by human action have directly affected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The present work aimed to research the importance of water, conscious consumption and wasting water at Coronel Sampaio Municipal Elementary School, from 6th to 9th grade. The methodological instruments used were learning based on the problematization methodology of Charles de Maguerez, with contributions from participant-action-research and project-based learning methodology. It was developed in three stages: initially discussing the importance of water as an essential element for quality of life, through the school project “We need to talk about water”, with interdisciplinary lectures and lectures. The present study culminated in an educational product, a Board Game, as a ludic and pedagogical instrument with the objective of assisting the teaching practice in relation to the contents of the curricular components that involve the theme “water” according to the BNCC. The results of this educational product obtained through the evaluation made by students and teachers were positive and with benefits that favor the pedagogical practice and can be consulted at the end of this work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O uso de tecnologias sociais para o fornecimento de água potável na comunidade Nossa Senhora de Fátima
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-05) SILVA, Neide Andrade da; SILVA, Cleber Silva e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7673237583688618; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7086-8751
Inappropriate water resources for human consumption can cause waterborne diseases. Therefore, the use of drinking water is of fundamental importance for health and good quality of life. This work was based on proposing the construction and use of handcrafted filters, at low cost, as sociais technologies aimed at obtaining drinking water in the Nossa Senhora de Fátima community in the Jardim Tropical neighborhood in the municipality of Breves. To achieve the proposed objective, it was necessary to identify the characteristics of the community where the work was carried out. It was also necessary to show, through an interactive educational lecture, the importance of conserving water resources and which filters can be built (at low cost) and used to lead a healthier life. In addition, it was essential to produce a guide, in digital format, of handcrafted filters. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with the parish priest and the Community Leader in the Category of Managers (CG), in addition to multiple-choice questionnaires being applied to 18 community members in the Community Category (CC). With this study it was found that the community of Nossa Senhora de Fatima is configured with a low-income profile and does not have access to drinking water, one of the most basic human rights. Thus, by building and using low-cost handmade filters, they obtained, for a minimum amount and in a sustainable way, water suitable for human consumption, thus contributing to reduce the spread of waterborne diseases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso do algoritmo Sebal na estimativa da evapotranspiração em um pomar de mangas no Nordeste paraense: uma abordagem socioambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-28) MEDEIROS, Leidiane Ribeiro; SOUSA, Adriano Marlison Leão de
Changes in land use and land cover such as conversion of forests to pastures or urban expansion alter the components of the radiation balance, as well as the flow of heat and evapotranspiration. Evapotranspiration is one of the most important components of the hydrological cycle and climate balance, especially in urban areas. The estimation of this variable is essential for the management of water resources in a region, as well as the productivity of a crop, especially those that face water scarcity. In this sense, this work aimed to estimate the real daily evapotranspiration (ETr) of the mango orchard and its underlying areas for the years 2015, 2017 and 2020 in the village of Cuiarana, in the municipality of Salinópolis do Nordeste Paraense. Using this algorithm, maps of statistical parameters were generated, calculated for the different land use covers. The results obtained from ETr were compared with the values obtained by the FAO-Penman-Monteith method and the Bowen Ratio, through their statistical errors. The highest mean values of ETr were obtained for the image 08/02/2015, with an average of 4.805 mm/day, with the mango orchard area being one of the main contributors to this result, as well as the mangrove area. When compared with other reference methods, the values estimated by SEBAL were consistent with the literature, with its temporal variation being strongly affected by the El Niño phenomenon. Thus, the SEBAL algorithm has the potential to be assimilated in the process of managing water resources in the region, as well as in crop management.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O valor econômico e estratégico das águas da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-03-22) DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; RIBEIRO, Mário Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4314158355862373; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
Water is, in itself, a natural resource that is indispensable for life, extremely important for metabolism and socioeconomic processes and vital for balancing and maintaining climatic conditions and the environment in general. The asset “water” in its ontological aspect, that is, as a substance in itself, as well as a socioeconomic entity, and the waters of Amazonia in particular, may have their ECONOMIC VALUE measured or calculated, to be expressed in monetary units, guided by the principle that these waters are a STRATEGIC ASSET. This thesis does not restrict the condition of water’s existence only to the physical liquid state of the substance, nor to the principles that the value of this asset originates or is derived from economic/financial costs of obtaining, treating, storing or distributing it, nor yet to that which is obtained under the focus of scarcity. “The Value of Non-Use” or “of the Existence” of the object of this study is the principle focus of this thesis. The Amazon region possesses the largest reserves of freshwater, tropical forest and biodiversity on the planet. The complex system resulting from this interaction, in the dynamic and functional, as well as static (stocks) aspects, is generated and its maintenance will only be possible if there is no significant alteration in the regional hydrological cycle, which is vitally important to the Earth’s climatic equilibrium, through carrying heat and humidity, and, more specifically, when it is expressed as support for productive activities in the Brazilian territory that are of great economic relevance. Thus, it is important that strategies be identified, mechanisms be created and parameters be established for managing this immense natural resource, with compensatory mechanisms and policies being presented, including the transfer of financial resources that can promote socioeconomic development for the region. The research that informed the development of this thesis has a theoretical, conceptual and multidisciplinary character, involving knowledge of geosciences (geology, meteorology, hydrology), economics, engineering, public policies, ecology and sociology, with two principal lines of thinking: hydrological and economic.