Navegando por Assunto "Adolescente"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bacterial vaginosis in pregnant adolescents: proinflammatory cytokine and bacterial sialidase profile: cross-sectional study
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) FERREIRA, Carolina Sanitá Tafner; MARCONI, Camila; PARADA, Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima; DUARTE, Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo; GONÇALVES, Ana Paula Oliveira; RUDGE, Marilza Vieira Cunha; SILVA, Márcia Guimarães da
Bacterial vaginosis occurs frequently in pregnancy and increases susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STI). Considering that adolescents are disproportionally affected by STI, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cervicovaginal levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and bacterial sialidase in pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at mother and child referral units in Belém, Pará, Brazil. METHODS: Vaginal samples from 168 pregnant adolescents enrolled were tested for trichomoniasis and candidiasis. Their vaginal microbiota was classified according to the Nugent criteria (1991) as normal, intermediate or bacterial vaginosis. Cervical infection due to Chlamydia trachomatisand Neisseria gonorrhoeae was also assessed. Cytokine and sialidase levels were measured, respectively, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and MUAN conversion in cervicovaginal lavages. Forty-eight adolescents (28.6%) were excluded because they tested positive for some of the infections investigated. The remaining 120 adolescents were grouped according to vaginal flora type: normal (n = 68) or bacterial vaginosis (n = 52). Their cytokine and sialidase levels were compared between the groups using the Mann-Whitney test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis had higher levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Sialidase was solely detected in 35 adolescents (67.2%) with bacterial vaginosis. CONCLUSIONS: Not only IL-1 beta and sialidase levels, but also IL-6 and IL-8 levels are higher in pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis, thus indicating that this condition elicits a more pronounced inflammatory response in this population, which potentially increases vulnerability to STI acquisition.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Características do ambiente escolar associadas à prática de educação física e ao deslocamento ativo em adolescentes de Belém-PA: um estudo multinível
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-26) SOUZA, Naicha Stefanie Félix; CRISP, Alex Harley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1187580727139009; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-9576
Understanding how school environment characteristics influence adolescent physical activity behaviors is essential for developing targeted interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between school environment characteristics and the levels of participation in Physical Education (PE) classes and active commuting to school. This is a cross sectional study with multistage sampling, involving 1,719 adolescents from 46 public and private high schools in the municipality of Belém, Pará. The time spent in PE classes and active commuting during the previous week was self-reported based on the National School Health Survey questionnaire. School environment characteristics were obtained through questionnaires completed by school administrators and researcher observation visits. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were used to address overdispersion and excess zeros in the data. The results indicated that the majority of students (55.0%) did not participate in practical PE classes, with only 37.6% reporting 30 minutes or more of activity per week. Regarding active commuting, approximately one-third of adolescents (34.6%) did not engage in this type of commuting. In the logit component of the adjusted models, factors associated with reduced odds of non-participation in PE classes included a higher number of PE teachers (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.71–0.87), the presence of locker rooms (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.54–0.83), and school accessibility (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.54–0.86). For active commuting, the presence of sidewalks (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.03–1.74) and bike racks (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.26–2.05) increased the odds of non-engagement, while speed bumps (OR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.43–0.82) reduced the odds of non-engagement. In conclusion, school environment characteristics have the potential to decrease non-adherence to practical PE classes among adolescents. However, active commuting behaviors may depend on factors beyond infrastructure, requiring further exploration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dislipidemia em escolares na rede privada de Belém
(Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, 2009-06) RIBAS, Simone Augusta; SILVA, Luiz Carlos Santana da
Background: Currently, childhood dyslipidemia, associated to other non-transmissible diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity, represent a significant public health problem in Brazil. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents from private schools in the city of Belem, state of Para, Brazil. Methods: Transversal and prospective study that assessed 437 schoolchildren, paired by sex. The age range was established between 6 and 19 years of age and stratified in four subgroups (6 to 9 years; 10 to 12 years; 13 to 15 years and 16 to 19 years). To obtain the anthropometric variables, weight and height were measured for the calculation of the body mass index and skin folds were measured for the calculation of body fat percentage. The serum lipoprotein profile was obtained through the measurement of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol after a 12-hour fasting period, by enzymatic methods. Results: Of the total number of schoolchildren analyzed, 126 (28.8%) were overweight and 158 (36.2%) presented a high adiposity index. The children (33.6%) presented a higher prevalence of obesity when compared to the adolescents (10.1%; p < 0.001). Regarding the biochemical characteristics, it was observed that 214 (41%) presented some alteration in the lipid profile and that children and adolescents in the age range of 10 to 15 years were the age groups that presented the highest rates of dyslipidemia (34.6% and 25.5%), respectively. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the importance of establishing an early diagnosis of the lipid profile, mainly if it is already associated to another risk factor, such as obesity. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2009; 92(6) : 412-417).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dor Musculoesquelética na Coluna Vertebral em Crianças e Adolescentes: uma análise de rede
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-27) GOMES, Marcella Veronnica Pereira; MAGALHÃES, Maurício Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7766377002832983; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7857-021X
Introduction: Musculoskeletal pain is common in children and adolescents, with prevalence ranging from 4% to 40%. Back pain-related symptoms rank 5th in terms of years lived with disability among children aged 10 to 19 years, affecting approximately 2.443 million people. Additionally, it is associated with high healthcare costs and can lead to persistent pain in adulthood. Objective: To analyze the relationship between musculoskeletal pain in the spine in children and adolescents through a network approach. Methods: The study population consists of children and adolescents of both genders, who are regularly enrolled in elementary and high school. Children and adolescents of both genders aged between 10 and 16 years were included. The Back Pain and Body Posture Assessment Instrument (BackPEI-CA) and the Instrutherm pressure algometer, model DD-500, were used to assess pain intensity and threshold, respectively. Data were tabulated, and JASP was used for statistical analysis. A network analysis was conducted to investigate descriptive relationships between individual and contextual factors with self-reported symptoms of back and neck pain. Results: 185 participants were included in the analysis. The network analysis observed that the variable 'Lower Back Pain' was negatively correlated with 'Family Pain History' (-0.14) and positively correlated with 'Sex' (0.19) and 'Neck Pain' (0.12). The 'Sitting Position When Using Cell Phone/ tablet' showed a negative correlation with 'Neck Pain' (-0.19). A negative correlation was observed between 'Sex' and 'Physical Activity Outside School'. Centrality metrics indicated that 'Age' (betweenness = 1.420) and 'Sex' (betweenness = 1.278) had the highest betweenness values. Conclusion: The study concludes that sex is a significant variable in back pain among children and adolescents, with a higher prevalence among girls, possibly due to sexual maturation and lower levels of physical activity compared to boys, who are more active. Additionally, the pain is influenced by poor posture while writing at school and using electronic devices. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the analysis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relações de amizade de adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional: fatores de risco e de proteção
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-29) COSTA, Amanda Cristina Ribeiro da; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
Studies show that in addition to the family, the peer group constitutes an important development context for the adolescents, and friendship among its members an influential factor of risk and protection during this period of life. In this sense, this work aimed to investigate the risk and protective factors associated with the friendly relations and the perception of the quality of this type of relationship by adolecents in the context of institutional care. In the first study, quantitative and descriptive and exploratory, we sought to determine the risk and protective factors to which adolescents welcomed institutionally are exposed in the Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB), besides identifying the presence or absence of friends in events of life that can be characterized as a situation or experimentation of risk or protection. The participants were 40 adolescents welcomed institutionally in five institutions of RMB, which this sample was selected by convenience. We used the Questionário Juventude Brasileira (QJB) for data collection. The results showed differences by sex, boys was associated with a statistically significant to the variables thus: 'have been expelled from school' (X² = 4.09; p = 0:04), institucional care (X² = 5.87; p = 0.01) and 'worked on the street' (X² = 8.67; p = 0.003). The female sex among adolescents surveyed was significantly associated with the variable to have suffered aggression by punching or beating (X² = 4.73; p = 0.02). Among the risk factors involving adolescent friendships with peers, was evidenced that male sex statistically significant association with the variables: 'you have friends who use drugs' (X² = 4.5; p = 0.03),' friends who use legal drugs' (X² = 3.74; p = 0.05) and 'friends who use illicit drugs' (X² = 6.34 and p = 0.01). In situations which represented protective factors and involved friends it was not found statistically significant association, although it is important to emphasize that adolescents revealed high expectations of having friends who give you support (72.5%). In the second study, with qualitative approach, we sought to know aspects relating to the quality of friendship from the perception of adolescents welcomed institutionally. It used semistructured interviews whose script was developed especially for this work. Attended by 20 adolescents chosen for convenience. To understand the perceptions of the participants about the friendship quality, the content of interview transcripts was organized in pre-established categories, 'help and guidance' and 'companionship' the most frequent with 18 mentions each, followed by 'conflict resolution '(05 mentions),' validation and caring '(02)' intimate exchange '(02) and 'conflict betrayal' (03). It was dentified that the friendship of adolescents received were highlighted in positive and protective characteristics in developmental terms. It appears that the adolescents in this study were exposed to various risk and protective factors in developmental contexts such as family, the institucional care and the peer group. In the latter, in particular, there was the paradoxical character can have friendship, representing both a risk factor as protection and development, for although this relationship expose your adolescence to risky behavior such as drug use, too It is shown as an important basis for social support of adolescents. This type of study may contribute with specific actions for the population studied and studies on human development and interpersonal relationships contexts marked by long stay in institutions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Turismo e exploração sexual infanto-juvenil: uma análise sobre essa relação no Município de Salvaterra/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-29) LOPES, Meiriane da Trindade; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-7244
The tourism sector has emerged as one of the fastest-growing economic activities globally. Apart from being a significant earner of foreign exchange for economies, it involves millions of people and plays a crucial role in the development and social inclusion of countries. However, it is essential to understand the impact of the sector's actions on various groups, including children and adolescents. The sexual exploitation of minors is considered a crime, with Brazilian legislation punishing not only direct perpetrators but also those who facilitate or act as intermediaries in such acts. Therefore, it is unacceptable for the resources and infrastructure of tourism to be used by individuals involved in the sexual exploitation of children and adolescents. Industry professionals must assume the role of protectors, especially in relation to the victims. This study aims to analyze the relationship between tourism and the sexual exploitation of children and adolescents in the municipality of Salvaterra, located on Marajó Island, Pará. Salvaterra is an important gateway to the Marajó Archipelago and has a significant tourist flow to the state of Pará. To achieve this goal, specific strategies were adopted, including a literature review on the phenomenon of sexual violence against children and adolescents, identification of laws combating the sexual exploitation of children and adolescents at the national, state, and municipal levels, interviews with representatives of public agencies, private companies in the tourism sector, members of the local community, along with an analysis to verify if there is a relationship between tourism and the sexual exploitation of children and adolescents in Salvaterra. The research employed methodologies such as bibliographic, documentary, qualitative, descriptive, and field research, along with photographic records and interview recordings, allowing for a comprehensive approach to the topic. It is concluded that although the sexual exploitation of children and adolescents is not widespread in Salvaterra, there are indications of tourism-related situations involving this practice. This is despite the continued efforts of civil society and the federal, state, and municipal governments. The research points to the need for more effective actions, particularly in the Marajó region, where in recent years, policies and programs to combat sexual exploitation and to train for the development of tourist activities have been insufficient, with emphasis on the municipality of Salvaterra.