Navegando por Assunto "Amazon Coastal Zone"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicabilidade de um sistema de baixo custo para o monitoramento de dados meteoceanográficos na zona costeira Amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-23) SOTÃO, Daniel da Silva; ROSÁRIO, Renan Peixoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8003860457518342; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0514
This study aimed to develop, implement, and validate a low-cost Continuous Monitoring Prototype (CMP) to collect meteoceanographic data in the Amazon Coastal Zone (ACZ), a region vulnerable to climate change and lacking environmental data. The system, built with an ESP32 microcontroller, integrates sensors for air temperature and relative humidity (HDC1080 and AM2302), atmospheric pressure (BMP280 and MS5611), water temperature (DS18B20), tide level (HC-SR04), precipitation, and wind speed and direction. Sensor validation was performed by comparing the collected data with reference equipment: a CICLUS PRO weather station (CWS) and a Sonlist Levelogger 5 LTC recorder (CTDlog). The CMP conducted four joint test campaigns with the CWS and CTDlog, totaling 56,221 records. Linear regression was applied to develop calibration equations for each sensor. Calibration quality was assessed using the coefficient of determination (R²), root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson correlation coefficient, and residual analysis. The HDC1080 and AM2302 sensors showed excellent performance for temperature measurement, with R² > 0.9, RMSE < 0.2 °C, mean absolute residual (MAE) < 0.12 °C, and very strong Pearson correlation (r ≥ 0.9). However, they exhibited instability in relative humidity measurements (R² ≈ 0.64; RMSE ≈ 3.46%; MAE ≈ 2.52%). The performance of the BMP280 and MS5611 pressure sensors was initially affected by internal heating, but after thermal compensation, they achieved R² values between 0.88 and 0.99, RMSE from 0.17 to 0.45 hPa, and MAE from 0.11 to 0.34 hPa, with the BMP280 showing superior performance. The DS18B20 water temperature sensor showed very strong correlation, with R² ≈ 0.94, RMSE ≈ 0.036 °C, and MAE ≈ 0.021 °C, proving highly promising. The HCSR04 sensor stood out as the most accurate, with R² ≈ 0.99, RMSE ≈ 2.6 cm, and MAE ≈ 1.9 cm. Precipitation and wind sensors presented inconsistencies and require further testing. The total production cost of the CMP was BRL 952.75, representing savings of 86.19% compared to the CWS (BRL 6,897.00) and 96.14% compared to the CTDlog (BRL 24,677.29). When compared to equivalent equipment, the CMP achieved at least 66.33% cost reduction compared to basic stations and 87.3% compared to lower-cost temperature and water level recorders. The CMP proved to be a viable, economical, and replicable solution for continuous environmental monitoring in the ACZ, with the potential to fill existing gaps in observation networks, although improvements are still needed to enhance its long-term performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
dinâmica da vegetação durante o quaternário tardio no limite continental da península bragantina, litoral amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-25) MACIEL, Giordana Leticia Monteiro; ASP NETO, Nils Edvin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7113886150130994; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6468-6158; FRANÇA, Marlon Carlos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8225311897488790; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3784-7702
The eastern Amazonian region is dominated and shaped by a macrotidal regime, harboring environments such as muddy plains colonized by mangroves, estuaries associated with tidal channels, floodplains, and macrotidal beaches, among others. To understand the vegetation dynamics and carry out the paleoenvironmental reconstitution in an Amazonian floodplain, palynological, sedimentary, and C-14 dating data were integrated based on a subsurface sedimentary profile collected in the region of the Taperaçu’s herbaceous fields, in the Bragança peninsula (PA), on the Amazon coast. The present study identified three fácies associations and four pollen zones that occurred during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. The first facies association is defined as an alluvial deposit, which presented pelite facies, flaser heterolithic bedding with a coarsening upward sequence. The vegetation was predominantly typical of trees and shrubs, marked by the presence of Rubiaceae, Agavaceae, and Annonaceae families and with low herbaceous vegetation dominated by the Araceae family developed around 41,200- 39,975 cal years BP. The second facies association identified showed typical characteristics of a tidal channel, with a well-delimited erosive surface, which marks a transition in the processes operating over this environment; it comprises gravel, massive sand, and wavy-marked mud facies. Toward the Taperaçu’s tidal channel, herbaceous vegetation was developed, represented by Cyperaceae and Ulmaceae, and the presence of trees and shrubs, such as Arecaceae, Malphighiaceae, and Rubiaceae. During the early and mid-Holocene (6000-5915 cal years BP), at a depth of 6.45 m from the surface, the results revealed the formation of a tidal flat. The main pollen result during this phase was the establishment of mangroves, colonized by Rhizophora and Avicennia, in addition to the presence of herbaceous vegetation, which currently occupies the studied region, marking the late Holocene.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ilhas da zona costeira amazônica: relevância, desenvolvimento e isolamento geográfico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-05-08) QUARESMA, Arley Martins; SZLAFSZTEIN, Cláudio Fabian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1348005678649555; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2855-2056
Studies related to islands in the Amazon, whether of greater or lesser importance, are minimal, although more than 50% of the municipalities in the Amazon coastal zone-ZCA have a territorial area composed of islands. However, the islands face numerous barriers such as isolation, territorial development and management aspects. In this sense, the general objective of this work is to analyze the importance of islands in the Amazon coastal zone, and the relationship of development and geographic isolation on islands in the municipality of BelémPA. The methodological procedures involved two stages, the first encompassing (i) Analysis of the population of the ZCA municipalities (ii); Identification of the GDP of the municipalities in the coastal zone; (iii) classification of municipalities in the coastal zone that have islands in their territorial composition; (vi) Quantification of the total areas of islands in the ZCA and (v) Percentage of protected areas in island areas. The second stage consisted of a multicriterio analysis that determined the degree of isolation of the most relevant islands in the municipality of Belém-PA. The determination of the degree of isolation took into account two indicators: Accessibility and Connectivity and their respective variables. The data showed that in the ZCA, especially the islands, it has an expressive relevance in terms of economy, territorial area, and areas of environmental conservation. It was also found that the most isolated islands have been fed different conditions of autonomy and development. Islands with a lower degree of isolation have physical connections and intense connectivity, a way in which they reduce isolation. In such connections, the islands most prone to development are not those closest to the mainland, but those with the greatest service offerings.