Navegando por Assunto "Amizade"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Interações e relações de amizade: um estudo longitudinal no contexto de uma escola inclusiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) CASADO, Carla de Cássia Carvalho; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1225408485576678
The present study has proposal to investigate longitudinally the friendship of students considered included in a public school, identified by the Education office of the state as a reference in educational inclusion. The school was located on the metropolitan area of Belém, Pará and the study took place during the years 2007 to 2009. Given the complexity of the relations of friendship, it was opted for a multiple case study involving four focal partners and their friends, colleagues, teachers and technicians. The approach of collection and analysis of data were structured through multiple methodological strategies. The research occurred in two phases, the first called preliminaries, which involved a pilot research, ethical procedure, choice of school, classes and focal participants, and a case study, which included a sociometric interview, semi-structured interviews, structured situations and participatory observation. The elements capable of quantification obtained in the sociometric interview were placed in "Excel" spreadsheets program, categorized and handled according to their specifications. The data obtained in the field journal and in the interviews have been transcribed to text-editing program "Word" and later organized in terms of thematic dimensions and categories of analysis according to the model of Hinde: reciprocity and complementarity, strength and power, intimacy, interpersonal perception, commitment and satisfaction. The data obtained in the case study indicated that two of the focal partners, one with Cerebral Palsy and the other with ADHD, were socially rejected throughout the study and did not obtain reciprocal friends. The student with mental disability has obtained only a friend throughout the research and remained alone when this friend was not present. The focal participant with hearing impairment experienced the collective friendship with three students during most of the research. By interviews the reason of rejection and social preferences were related to aspects such as, physical appearance, prejudice, cognitive, physics and communication difficulties, sharing of objects and experiences, among others. As regards to the relations of friendship, it was realized that the perception of the people who make up the school context made it difficult, but hasn't stopped the focal partners build reciprocal friendships. In the relations existed a positive perception of friend and they showed support and satisfaction in the relationship, they did not recognize the existence of problems between them and usually agreed with each other. Friends showed affection publicly and shared among themselves confidences and thoughts, in addition to identifying their preferences. Friends cared to serve the needs of each other and there was interest in maintaining the relationship. Some friendships lasted the three years of research, other had its end in 2008 when friends were transferred from school or changed to another class. Finally, it was possible to identify the existence of friendships among students with and without disabilities, and that these relations are characterized as satisfactory, filled with demonstrations of respect and affection, which can lead us to the understanding that friendship is an element of protection against discrimination and the difficulties experienced day by day, and people should invest in creating strategies that can stimulate the construction and maintenance of these relationships.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relações de amizade de adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional: fatores de risco e de proteção
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-29) COSTA, Amanda Cristina Ribeiro da; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
Studies show that in addition to the family, the peer group constitutes an important development context for the adolescents, and friendship among its members an influential factor of risk and protection during this period of life. In this sense, this work aimed to investigate the risk and protective factors associated with the friendly relations and the perception of the quality of this type of relationship by adolecents in the context of institutional care. In the first study, quantitative and descriptive and exploratory, we sought to determine the risk and protective factors to which adolescents welcomed institutionally are exposed in the Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB), besides identifying the presence or absence of friends in events of life that can be characterized as a situation or experimentation of risk or protection. The participants were 40 adolescents welcomed institutionally in five institutions of RMB, which this sample was selected by convenience. We used the Questionário Juventude Brasileira (QJB) for data collection. The results showed differences by sex, boys was associated with a statistically significant to the variables thus: 'have been expelled from school' (X² = 4.09; p = 0:04), institucional care (X² = 5.87; p = 0.01) and 'worked on the street' (X² = 8.67; p = 0.003). The female sex among adolescents surveyed was significantly associated with the variable to have suffered aggression by punching or beating (X² = 4.73; p = 0.02). Among the risk factors involving adolescent friendships with peers, was evidenced that male sex statistically significant association with the variables: 'you have friends who use drugs' (X² = 4.5; p = 0.03),' friends who use legal drugs' (X² = 3.74; p = 0.05) and 'friends who use illicit drugs' (X² = 6.34 and p = 0.01). In situations which represented protective factors and involved friends it was not found statistically significant association, although it is important to emphasize that adolescents revealed high expectations of having friends who give you support (72.5%). In the second study, with qualitative approach, we sought to know aspects relating to the quality of friendship from the perception of adolescents welcomed institutionally. It used semistructured interviews whose script was developed especially for this work. Attended by 20 adolescents chosen for convenience. To understand the perceptions of the participants about the friendship quality, the content of interview transcripts was organized in pre-established categories, 'help and guidance' and 'companionship' the most frequent with 18 mentions each, followed by 'conflict resolution '(05 mentions),' validation and caring '(02)' intimate exchange '(02) and 'conflict betrayal' (03). It was dentified that the friendship of adolescents received were highlighted in positive and protective characteristics in developmental terms. It appears that the adolescents in this study were exposed to various risk and protective factors in developmental contexts such as family, the institucional care and the peer group. In the latter, in particular, there was the paradoxical character can have friendship, representing both a risk factor as protection and development, for although this relationship expose your adolescence to risky behavior such as drug use, too It is shown as an important basis for social support of adolescents. This type of study may contribute with specific actions for the population studied and studies on human development and interpersonal relationships contexts marked by long stay in institutions.