Navegando por Assunto "Assentamentos rurais"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da resiliência socioecológica em um projeto de assentamento convencional do sudeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-04-30) CARVALHO, Alderuth da Silva; VIEIRA, Ima Célia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761418169454490; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1233-318X
Southeastern Pará state, Amazon region, Brazil, is known as the agricultural frontier and scenario of numerous land conflicts. In the same region, under the agrarian reform policy, the federal government implemented some 500 Settlement Projects (SP). Among them, stands out the Conventional Settlement Project "26 de Março", in the municipality of Marabá-Pará. This SP, result of the process of occupying almost 10 years of encampment in Farm Cabaceiras, was formally created in 2009. Its organicity is managed by the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) and is the pioneer settlement with environmental license. Taking as reference the social and environmental relations that influence each other, we characterize rural settlements as socioecological systems, which, inserted in the debates about sustainability in the Amazon, allow us to apply the theory of resilience. The objective of this work was to analyze the socioecological resilience of the conventional settlement PA "26 de Março". To help us in this analysis, we chose to use the methodology of resilience indicators, composed of two dimensions, four components and 14 indicators that received scores of 1 to 5 (one to five). These indicators made up the questionnaire that guided the interviews applied between September and October of 2017 to a sample of 20% of the owners of lots occupied in PA "26 de Março", Marabá. Responses were interpreted to identify which punctuation they indicated. The scores provided us with subsidies to find out which components represented fragility or potentiality for socioecological resilience of the housing nuclei (Núcleo de Moradia) of the settlement, besides enabling us to make a categorization test of the socioecological resilience level of the settlement as a whole. The results showed that, at the "Núcleo de Moradia" level, the "knowledge, learning and innovation" component represents a negative trend towards resilience for all "núcleos de moradia", as well as for the settlement as a whole. On the other hand, we perceive as potential of strengthening of the resilience the component "Organicity and infrastructure". According to the resilience categorization, the PA is considered with level of socioecological resilience "Reasonable". This result indicates a threshold between the fragility and the potential for strengthening socio-ecological resilience. In this way, we consider immediate training / qualification actions for the settlers, as well as the promotion and / or strengthening of social technologies aimed at respecting biodiversity and peasant family farming. We conclude that socioecological resilience thinking is pertinent and allows us rich debates on the way of understanding socioecological systems, such as rural settlements in the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Assentamentos rurais e reservas extrativistas: acesso e barreiras ao sistema de saúde no nordeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-03) OLIVEIRA, Antonio Idalmir Rodrigues de; MATHIS, Armin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365078023155571; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7831-9391
The study aims to evaluate the phenomena that affect the access to health services in population groups living in Rural Settlements and Extractive Reserves, in the Northeast Paraense, with the perspective of verifying the existence of social exclusion configured by barriers of access to public health services. In the Brazilian Amazon region, the difficulties in providing care in cities in the region are noticeable because of the structural and political challenges for the implementation of public health policies that would require more appropriate planning for the region. With this, we have several implications for the organization of the local health system. Given this scenario, we will research the sites established in this study, which were delimited: the Cupiúba Federal Settlement in Castanhal; the Taperuçu Federal Settlement in São Domingos do Capim; the 5 de Outubro Informal Rural Settlement in Castanhal; the Vera Cruz Informal Settlement in Curuçá; the São João da Ponta Extractive Reserve; and the Mãe Grande Extractive Reserve in Curuçá. In addition to verifying the availability of professionals, supplies, equipment, and technologies available, thus representing a condition of barriers to access or not to basic health care services. Meanwhile, it is urgent to contextualize the lack of access to health services as a form of being excluded from basic rights, which the population expects to be available when they need them. We will also observe, in this study, the difficulty of access of the population to medical professionals during all the working hours of the Basic Health Units, a fact that has been evidenced in studies, more markedly in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. In order to identify and evaluate the existence of barriers to access to public health services, through its main programs, in Rural Settlements and Extractive Reserves in the Microregion of Guamá in Northeastern Paraense, to verify the existence and level of social exclusion from the evidence of barriers to access to public health services by citizens residing in these territories; to characterize the barriers to access to existing health services in each location, observing the differences in the promotion of public health services in the territories delimited in the project; to evaluate the reality of local health structures, in the generation of public health services, by verifying the existence and levels of imposition of barriers to access to these services; to obtain the health indicators at the level of basic health care coverage in the Settlements and Extractive Reserves inserted in the research. Based on these objectives, we will investigate to what extent public health services of primary care in Rural Settlements and Extractive Reserves are not inclusive and how the barriers of access to health services are constituted for the residents of these areas included in the research project.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A importância do Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (PDS) para a criação de novos assentamentos rurais na Amazônia: uma análise para Altamira no estado do Pará
(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, 2022) FARIAS, Monique Helen Cravo Soares; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SANTOS, Cleber Assis dos; BELTRÃO, Norma Ely Santos; SILVA JUNIOR, Monaldo Begot da
The rural settlements have become one of the main elements of rural areas in the Legal Ama zon, representing almost a third of used land and almost 74% of rural establishments. The State of Pará concentrates the largest number of settled families in the country, with more than 30% of its area covered by settlements. On the other hand, from a historical point of view, it has been one of the states that most deforests in the region. In the search for effective rural development, it is essential to think about feasi ble and viable productive alternatives that avoid the exodus of small farmers from rural areas, making it necessary to develop and make viable family farming in Pará. One of the practical manifestations of the association of agrarian reform to the environmental issue began with the creation of the settlement model called the Sustainable Development Project (PDS). Thus, the main objective of this article is to analyze the importance of the Sustainable Development Project (PDS) in the municipality of Altamira, Pará, with emphasis on the development of the Brasília PDS, verifying its effectiveness in reconciling productive activity and respect for the environment. The main conclusion is that in relation to PDS Brasília, there is a need for articulation between the actors involved – settlers, public authorities, non-governmental organizations –, which can make it possible to raise awareness of the new necessary production practices, as well as technical support. - financial compatible with the reality of this type of project, thus aiming at sustainable local development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mobilidades geográfico-profissionais de duas gerações de agricultores familiares assentados na Amazônia oriental
(Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 2016-04) SARTRE, Xavier Arnauld de; MARIN, Joel Orlando Bevilaqua; ASSIS, William Santos de; LOPES, Raquel da Silva; VEIGA JUNIOR, Iran Pereira
This article is about the new patterns of migration among farmer families in the eastern Amazon. These patterns were commonly framed as a strategy of social mobility, where moving was a way to acquire land. However, recent studies have shown that migration drivers are evolving because of social modernization and the rise of educational standards. While farmer families’ new strategies are well known, such as investing in education and moving to cities, little attention has been given to their quantification. By examining three “projetos de assentamento” (settlement projects) in the eastern Amazon, we wish to highlight the diversity of strategies that are used, and examine the way they relate to existing geographical and social settings.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Projeto de assentamento Paiol: um estudo de caso à luz do cumprimento da função socioambiental da propriedade em Cáceres-MT
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-17) FERNANDEZ, Rose Kelly dos Santos Martínez; ALBUQUERQUE, Marcos Prado de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6708762243635100
Rural properties play a fundamental role in the economic and social relations of the country, even though they are concentrated in the hands of a few owners. The Agrarian Reform seeks to reverse this situation through land expropriation. The legal regulations of land ownership has its mainstay in the Magna Carta 1988, given that the social function integrates the own property rights. That is, the social function underlies inside the property right, it even determines its content. Thus, to examine the rules governing the rural land productivity the constitutional system should be considered as a whole. Therefore, the Constitution authorizes the compatibility from the provisions of articles 184, 185, II, and 186, combining the contents of productive property with the social function considering the legal regime of land ownership, the rationale and objectives of the Federative Republic of Brazil, the model of Democratic Rule of Law, fundamental rights, the principle of human dignity as well as, the indispensability of execution of agrarian reform. Besides that, it is perfectly possible to harmonize, yet with the discipline of environmental sustainability. In this sense, constitutional interpretation leads to the conclusion that the elements that integrate the social function of land ownership, namely, the economic, environmental and labor are part of the concept of productive property.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Rumos, trechos e borocas: trajetórias e identidades camponesas de assentados rurais no sudeste do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) BRINGEL, Fabiano de Oliveira; GUERRA, Gutemberg Armando Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4262726973211880
In this dissertation, we discuss the social and economics trajectory of peasants who live in the Project of Rural Settlement Palmares II, located in the brazilian city of Parauapebas, in the southeastern region of Pará. We focuss our analisys in four dimensions of the peasant’s life: the history of migration, the history of the family, the history of the work and the history of education. That way, we intend to establish nexuses and differentiations of economic, social, cultural and political contexts, which those peasants had passed before arriving in the occupation. We try this way to unmask forms and strategies of expropriation that are based on the social and economic disqualification of the peasant, which also are strategies to deny the tipical knowledge of the peasants, capable to guarantee the autonomy of the means of production and, then, threatening the possibilities of accumulation and consolidation of unsustainable economic activities in the Amazon region. The resistance to the disqualification and the requalification finds strenght in the peasant signs and practices, that these individuals keeps throughout generations, as the ownership and the work in the land, the essentially familiar workmanship, the autonomy of the means of production and a life style that values a more direct relation with the nature.