Navegando por Assunto "Bioeconomia"

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Análise dos efeitos de algumas atividades do setor da agropecuária ligados à bioeconomia, sobre a economia paraense: uma abordagem de insumo produto
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-26) MOREIRA, Maria Glaucia Pacheco; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639
This study aimed to analyze the effects of certain activities in the agropecuary sector related to bioeconomy on the economy of Pará, using the Input-Output Matrix. The sources of information included the Table of Resources and Uses of Pará 2017, the microdata from the Regional Accounts System, and data from the Agricultural Census. The methodology followed the procedures of the National Accounts System, utilizing the tables of resources and uses and the input-output matrix, applying the Leontief Model. However, some adaptations of the conventional methodology were necessary to obtain results within a perspective attributed to a bioecological bioeconomy. To estimate the value of this bioeconomy, the TRU was reorganized by selecting certain activities and products related to bioeconomy, with the main selection criteria being products that are, in some way, associated with the concepts of a sociobiodiversity bioeconomy and that do not tend toward monoculture, soil degradation, or the process of homogenization, such as commodity production. After defining the activities, the product and activity coefficients were calculated to be used in the disaggregation of TRU Pará 2017, aiming to highlight the valuation of these activities. Subsequently, the Leontief matrix was constructed, involving intersectoral relationships of the sector, which supported the analysis of the degree of integration of this bioeconomy with other sectors of the economy of Pará. The results obtained show that, in 2017, the GDP of the activities selected in the study attributed to bioeconomy was R$ 8,363 million, corresponding to 5.4% of the GDP of Pará (R$ 155,195 million). Considering only the activities attributed to bioeconomy, the key sectors with high backward linkage values were: Forestry (1.150) and the extraction of rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.055). The activities that were close to one, meaning they are significant demanders of other sectors, were: Fishing and aquaculture (0.957); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (0.941); Food (0.932); and Honey (0.913). Forward, the highlighted activities were: Açaí (1.007); Milk (1.006); Cassava (1.001); and Other temporary crop products (1.007). In terms of multipliers, Forestry presented the highest product multiplier (1.41), followed by the activities of: Rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.29); Fishing and aquaculture (1.17); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (1.15); and Food (1.14). Among the employment multipliers, the highlights were: Forestry (1.21); Other temporary crop products (1.10); Rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.09); and Honey (1.06). For income multipliers, the highest indices were: Forestry (3.38); Rubber, fibers, and tannins (2.20); Fishing and aquaculture (1.66); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (1.47); and Food from plant extraction, except açaí (1.42). The results demonstrate the importance of bioeconomy, even considering only some aspects, and provide public management with information and techniques for measuring the impacts of sustainable development policies through the promotion of bioeconomy activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conservação, biodiversidade e bioeconomia: discursos neoliberais e a “Ecologia da Plantation” da soja na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-15) NUNES, Adriana; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-3884
This doctoral thesis studies and analyzes the power-knowledge relations and devices that have created in the Amazon an idea of dominant conservation, with a state character, based on the decarbonization of production processes, changes in land use, and the commoditization of the forest and its biodiversity and ecosystem services. In times of facing the bioclimatic crisis, and the Amazon itself is threatened with collapse, the most recent global political-scientific discourse advocates transformative changes in the relationship between society and nature, notably in the global economic model, capable of resolving the climate crisis, paralyzing the loss of planetary biodiversity and provide sustainable development, a Great Reset. The research object is, in turn, centered on public policies seen as transformative and, at the same time, conciliatory of development and forest conservation in a soybean frontier in the Amazon and at the same time considered a laboratory of public conservation policies, from which new notions and appropriations of global discourse emerge, such as “skills ecology”, “ecoefficiency”, “efficient landscape”, and more broadly, “forest restoration”, “carbon neutral”, “low-energy economy”. carbon”, “sustainable transition” and “Bioeconomy”. The main empiric of the research is the “Municipal Model of Development and Territorial Intelligence of Paragominas”, in the state of Pará, more specifically the conservation of Legal Reserve (RL) areas of private rural properties. The theoretical instrument of the thesis is interdisciplinary, combining knowledge from biological sciences and analytical studies of power and discourse in the human sciences. The methodological options bring together the overlapping of spatial scales, bibliographic and documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews, and mapping of power-knowledge relationships and devices put in place in the name of conservation, dynamic between the State, companies, institutions, NGOs, and other actors. It is argued in this thesis that a new global social order, which not only includes conservation, but holds within it the condition of possibility for maintaining neoliberal practices of domination of space and its resources, is underway. This new sense of conservation, socially produced, offers technical solutions to crises that arise from serious political problems such as inequality of access and use of natural resources, imposing knowledge that promotes market environmentalism, and does not act on real drivers. At the same time, they make invisible the practices of social agents, who through their ways of life ensure biological, social, cultural and economic diversity, becoming dominant over practices based on the common principle. We conclude that the Amazon has been the scene of an impostor conservation, based on “technosciences”, which uses the practice of abandoning other areas to regeneration to destroy the LR, converting the forest and its biodiversity into soybeans and other agricultural commodities; it expropriates and pulverizes local family farming communities and prioritizes actors and sectors associated with export commodities, in public development policies and confronting the bioclimatic crisis. The “ecology” present in the “aptitude maps”, “eco-efficient conservation” and transition/transformation of sustainable agriculture constitutes a “Plantation Ecology” of soy, which goes beyond the region, as it is organized and benefits power groups of instances, organizations and institutions in addition to the certified and traceable landscapes of Paragominas. The results of the five (5) chapters produced constitute an effort to show through which processes the practices that transmute deforestation, destruction of socio-biodiversity and concentration of monetary and non-monetary benefits, in power groups, into conservation discourses are organized.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Consumo, sustentabilidade e origem: segmentação e estratégias para mercados locais de produtos da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-08) FERREIRA, Mariana Faro; AZEVEDO-RAMOS, Claudia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1968630321407619
The Amazon is widely regarded as a realm of abundant possibilities within the context of the bioeconomy, owing to the vast size and diversity of its biocultural resources. However, scant attention has been paid to the consumption perspective concerning factors that could impact the development of local markets for products embodying the unique characteristics of the region. This research, grounded in the theoretical framework of marketing and consumer behavior studies, seeks to a) scrutinize elements linked to the concept of sustainable consumption and associated consumer behaviors; b) identify consumption patterns of the population of Belém city, Pará, Brazil; and c) propose market segmentation-based marketing strategies that contribute to the growth of local markets for Amazonian products. A literature review, employing Content Analysis (CA), revealed key elements of the sustainable consumption concept. These encompass the multidimensionality of the concept, encompassing social and environmental aspects alongside economic considerations; its robust association with the notion of Sustainable Development, thereby affording it a broad scope easily embraced as discourse by diverse sectors, yet posing challenges in guiding production and consumption practices. To guide practices, we consider that operational definitions must include: a) emphasis on multiple dimensions (social, environmental and economic), b) scope of product and processes, c) inclusion of production and consumption impacts and e) indication of the levels of action considered (whether individual, collective or public/governmental). Findings from a survey involving a probabilistic sample of the population in Belém (PA) indicated that consumers in the capital prioritize functionalities, fragrance, price, and ingredients as their primary criteria when selecting shampoos. Concerning origin, both generally and specifically in local production within the Amazon, this was not deemed a significant attribute by any of the demographic profiles in the studied population. Strategies for Amazon-based businesses were subsequently proposed based on the discussed results, encompassing all four levels of the marketing mix (product, place, promotion, and price). These strategies incorporate elements for differentiation based on origin, capitalizing on the region's unique features for product development, and acknowledging the idiosyncrasies of three distinct segments of Pará state consumers. In summary, a focus is suggested on: a) the development of products oriented to local demand; b) differentiation by origin; c) increased availability; and d) positioning by quality. In a scenario of growing interest in the bioeconomy, the development of marketing strategies aimed at the sustainable consumption of products originating in the Amazon will still face broad concepts and lack of knowledge about the behavior of local consumers, difficulties that can be overcome by focusing on product attributes, greater information about consumption and economic and cultural valorization of its socio-biodiversity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Desempenho das diretrizes socioeconômicas e ambientais nas compras governamentais das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior do estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-11) SILVA, Jayme Nascimento; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2532279040491194; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4324-9178
Sustainable Public Procurement must follow sustainability criteria in the acquisition of goods and services by Federal Public Administration bodies, being an important tool to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals. The adoption of these criteria is intended to encourage good Circular Economy practices as a requirement for environmental sustainability, especially in public organizations. The Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES) play a key role in the development of research and practical actions, especially to contribute to Sustainable Development. The theoretical foundation is related to the concepts that lead to the understanding of environmental issues through the economic sciences, especially based on the perception of the law of thermodynamics and the dynamics of natural ecosystems, and their influence on the Sustainable Public Procurement policy. The general objective of the thesis is to analyze the behavior of government purchases of Federal Institutions of Higher Education in the state of Pará in relation to socioeconomic and environmental guidelines, as well as to build a sustainable purchase indicator to identify and qualify the performance level of IFES in Pará. The methodology covers the application of quantitative methods to analyze the set of data referring to the purchases of the IFES in the period from 2010 to 2021 and, for this, the extraction of data from the biddings was used for the application of a survey aligned with the revision of the literature and application of Exploratory Factor Analysis and identify the factors of biosocioeconomic benefits of purchases; knowledge of legislation; procurement chain governance. The research demonstrates that, despite the set of incentives in Brazilian legislation aligned with international agreements to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, the applicability of the legislation had a restricted scope due to the low availability of sustainable goods and the limited participation of public servants in this process, whose engagement is fundamental for the success of the Sustainable Public Procurement policy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“A Floresta em pé como nova Commodity global!”: o discurso da bioeconomia enquanto alternativa ao desenvolvimento da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-16) CARNEIRO JUNIOR, José Airton; GONÇALVES, Marcela Vecchione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9274854854102856
The research proposal aims to analyze the discourse of Bioeconomy in the State of Pará, repre- sented by specific policies that have introduced a new pathway for regional development in and of the Amazon. Since 2016, environmental policies in Brazil have suffered setbacks, jeopard- izing the integrity of the Amazon rainforest. This has resulted not only in the loss of Brazil’s credibility in fulfilling its environmental commitments to the international community but also in the suspension of resources from the Amazon Fund. Consequently, subnational entities have taken the lead through paradiplomatic actions to signal their commitment to preserving the Am- azon to the international community. Pará, leveraging this context, has positioned itself as a reference in sustainability, promoting its leadership in implementing environmental and climate policies in the Amazon through Bioeconomy as a solution to ensure sustainable economic de- velopment. This dissertation argues that the Bioeconomy discourse promoted by the State of Pará projects a development model based on Bioeconomy as the new economic vocation of the Amazon, focusing on transforming the forest itself into a commodity. From this perspective, the research seeks to address the following question: To what extent does the Bioeconomy dis- course practiced by the State of Pará constitute a proposed pathway for the regional develop- ment of the Legal Amazon? This theoretical and exploratory study employs discourse analysis as its methodology and content analysis as its research technique, supported by NVIVO soft- ware. The research adopts a qualitative approach, combined with bibliographic and documen- tary research procedures. The documents analyzed include the State Bioeconomy Plan, the Am- azon Now State Plan, the State Climate Change Policy, and news articles from the Pará State News Agency, covering the period from 2020 to 2024. The theoretical framework is grounded in the concept of neoliberal rationality proposed by Dardot and Laval. Based on empirical data and literature, in response to the guiding question, the findings conclude that the Bioeconomy discourse practiced by the State of Pará, as materialized in its environmental policies, cannot be considered a new development model for the Amazon. Instead, it reproduces the same logic as previous models, conditioning the success of the model to the existence of a product (the standing forest) desired by a market governed by neoliberal values and a carbon-centric logic. This approach disregards the natural and social capital of the Legal Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O sistema da bioeconomia do açaí no contexto amazônico de Abaetetuba/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-03) QUEIROZ, Luiz Fernando Paes de; SOBRINHO, Mário Vasconcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7843288526039148; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6489-219X; FLORES, Maria do Socorro Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8875436559577793; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9154-6938
The concept of bioeconomy has undergone continuous transformations since its earliest mentions, expanding in scope and application. To deepen the understanding of its origins and evolution, this research approaches bioeconomy from academic, political-institutional, and Amazonian perspectives. This conceptual basis enabled the identification of the foundational elements of the Amazonian bioeconomy and, more specifically, the structure of the açaí bioeconomy. This product, essential to the diet of riverine populations, has become a global commodity, driving an economic activity that generates employment and income for thousands of families in the region. Pará is the largest açaí producer in Brazil, and the municipality of Abaetetuba, the focus of this study, holds the third-largest production in the state, establishing itself as an important hub of goods and services in the Baixo Tocantins region. However, this activity faces political-institutional, economic, social, technological, and environmental challenges involving traditional communities, government institutions, and business sectors. In this context, the primary objective of this research is to demonstrate how the açaí bioeconomy is structured within the Amazonian context of Abaetetuba/PA, proposing a systemic model with its core elements. Through a literature review, document analysis, and interviews with key actors in the production chain, it was possible to develop an analytical model in diagrams, representing both the Amazon Bioeconomy System and the Açaí Bioeconomy System. These models provide an integrated view of the interactions among their different components, allowing a systemic understanding of the challenges and opportunities involved. As a result, the analysis revealed both strengths and weaknesses of this complex system, indicating that açaí production cannot be understood in isolation or linearly but rather as part of a living system, in which multiple factors mutually influence final outcomes. Furthermore, the research highlighted the importance of public policies that encourage the formalization of the production chain, access to credit, technical assistance, and the implementation of sustainable management practices. Based on the issues identified throughout the research, contributory proposals were developed to improve governance strategies. These proposals are directly aligned with the study's findings, addressing observed demands and gaps while strengthening the articulation among the various actors, processes, and activities involved.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Tradição da economia do meio ambiente e o pensamento de Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen: perspectivas no debate atual e Influência sobre políticas de bioeconomia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-12) SANCHES, Matheus Frasão; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639
This research investigates the formation of the debate on natural resources and the environment in the history of economic thought from a historiographical and conceptual perspective. In this sense, it analyzes the complex interaction between the economic system and nature, in its broadest sense, seeking to guide the emergence of the concept of bioeconomy for the contemporary debate aimed at tackling the issue of the climate emergency. In order to do so, it emphasizes the historiographical turning point, and the role played by the seminal contribution of Romanian economist Georgescu-Roegen in shaping the concept of the bioeconomy in the 1970s. It also explores how, from that point on, two distinct theoretical approaches emerged to deal with the challenges posed by the environmental issue and which analyzed the economic process in different ways: one which, adhering to the principles proposed by Georgescu-Roegen, promoted the search for a closer integration between the spheres of the economic theory of production and the emerging science of ecology; and another which, maintaining the epistemological inspiration anchored in the physics of the first half of the 19th century, sought to reincorporate the role of natural resources and “forgotten” environmental variables into contemporary economic analysis. Finally, the text highlights the theoretical and practical differences between these approaches, and how they shape the various contemporary conceptions of the bioeconomy, which today influence the formulation of public policies aimed at reconciling economic development with environmental sustainability, in a scenario of global climate change.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Valoração socioeconômica e ambiental em sistemas agroflorestais na Amazônia Oriental, Tomé-Açu, Pará, como instrumento de desenvolvimento local e sustentável
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-04-16) OLIVEIRA, Gilmara Maureline Teles da Silva de; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2532279040491194; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4324-9178
At Amazon’s, the agricultural activities in form of monocultures, extensive livestock and forest exploration without management continue advancing in the deforestation. The advance of these activities causes the substitution of the sustainable systems of the extractivism and make unfeasible the production in family farming consortium and agroforestry systems, which presents higher social inclusion and environmental sustainability. The agroforestry and silvipastoral systems are an important instrument of the sustainable local development for contribute to accumulate and distribute riches on the territory, with environmental preservation and improvement in the population life’s quality. At the county of Tomé-Açu, Pará state, these agroecosystems are already consolidate as local agricultural activity, from the knowledge accumulated for 50 years. In this perspective, the thesis objective was to analyze the contribution of the socioeconomic and environmental valuation of the ecosystems services provided by the Agroforestry systems (AS) of Tomé-Açu as an instrument to the sustainable local development. It was necessary to evidence the monetary values of the ecosystem services provided by the agroforestry systems, its potential to the soil preservation and the socioeconomic viability, with aiming to compare it to others agricultural activities. The used data in the environmental and socioeconomic valuation were obtained through interviews using forms structured and applied to a representative sample of the county’s population. To the viability bioeconomic analysis, were made field visits and direct interviews in the rural property with the producer to organize the unitary budget and the cash flow of the productive systems, including the opportunity’s costs of the natural assets: soil, water and ecosystem services. In the estimative related to the soil conservation, it was used the method of cost reposition of nutrient lost by erosion with geoprocessing techniques, through soil samples collected in 20 cm of deep in the many cultives and forest area of the property. The results showed that the ecosystem services of the AS of Tomé-Açu are recognized by population and were evaluated through the willingness to pay for its preservation and to accept for the substitution for other alternatives, whose values were, respectively: R$ 5,011.19 ha-1 and R$ 7,367.24 ha-1. The bioeconomic analysis showed that the AS presented higher socioeconomic and environmental returns. The soil conservation and the capacity of nutrient retention was superior in the agroforestry systems and approached to the results found in the legal reserve area. It was concluded that the valuation of the natural asset it is an important instrument to the insertion of the rural producers in the payment politics for ecosystem services and contribute to the capitalization of these local productive agents. This capitalization tends to induce one trajectory of local sustainable development, once that is generated wealth at the territory with potential attraction of investments in agricultural practices more sustainable as the agroforestry systems. This generate higher net revenue and bioeconomic rate of return, include people in the communities, maintain biodiversity and environmental conservation, and improve the life quality of the population.