Navegando por Assunto "Biologia molecular"

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Aminas bioativaas, bactéria lática e B-caroteno durante o processamento do tucupi
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-15) BRITO, Brenda de Nazaré do Carmo; GLÓRIA, Maria Beatriz Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6895373188728113; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3452623210043423
The cassava roots can generate the most diverse products, but a sauce of yellow color with flavor and exotic aroma, with countless potential use in the food industry, has gained prominence in the domestic and international market. However, its production follow a popular way, since the technological information on the main stages of production, from the fermentation of the Manipueira to the final product, are still insufficient to produce a product standardized with safety and quality. This broth is the Tucupi, obtained from the fermentation of the Manipueira, is a liquid residue from the production of flour, followed by cooking. In view of the lack of data in the scientific literature about this product, a reserach of tucupis marketed in Belém (PA) was carried out and the results showed that this product is still marketed outside the pattern of identity and quality for the Tucupi. With respect to physicochemical properties, the samples showed that the processing of the product is still variable, especially in the stages of fermentation and cooking, with variations in pH, acidity and contents of total sugar and reducer. The samples showed high levels of total cyanide (8.87- 114.66 mg HCN/L) and free (0.80-38.38 mg HCN/L) and the presence of biogenic amines (tyramine, putrescine, histamine and tryptamine) which may cause food poisoning. The influence of Manipueira fermentation on the profile of carotenoids and bioactive amines were verified during the production of Tucupi. The carotenoids were not influenced by this process, and the bioactive amines identified (Spermidine, putrescine, tyramine and histamine) allowed to affirm that during the fermentative process there should be more effective control of the sanitary hygiene conditions. Based on these results, the molecular identification of the microorganisms responsible for the spontaneous fermentation of Manipueira to obtain the Tucupi. Such knowledge will enable the development of a starter culture suitable for the production of this product with quality and safety. It was highlighted for the lactic bacteria, because these microorganisms predominate during the fermentation of cassava, besides possessing genes to synthesis of biogenic amines. Were identify only two species of lactic bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum, with predominance of L. fermentum during the whole process was identified, and the bioactive amines identified (putrescine, histamine, spermidine) did not interfere in the activity of these bacteria. The literature evidences a correlation between the identified lactic bacteria and the production of biogenic amines, but it is essential that other genetic researches performed to ratify the capacity of L. Plantarum and L. Fermentum to encode the decarboxylase enzyme in order to produce biogenic amines. Suggested that the research of active yeast in this fermentation process be carried out, because other ways on the tucupi still need to be analyzed in order to have an effective adjust in the production, to produce a safe food.
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Análise de polimorfismo na região promotora do gene da Interleucina 18 (-137 G/C e -607 C/A) em pacientes portadores do vírus da hepatite C de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-23) SANTOS, Kemper Nunes dos; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Since its discovery in 1989, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been recognized as a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Considered a public health problem worldwide involving between 170 to 350 million people infected. Host genetic factors have been implicated in the persistence of HCV infection. Studies suggest that two single nucleotide polymorphisms at position -607 C/A (rs1946518) and -137 G/C (rs187238) in the region of the gene IL-18 and have been found associated with the transcriptional promoter activity of IL -18, and potentially of IFN-γ, being associated with delayed viral clearance and persistence of the disease. We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study of the city of Belém-PA in 152 blood samples from patients infected with HCV and 188 uninfected controls. The samples were subjected to RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase - PCR) for detection of viral RNA and, subsequently, the PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) to evaluate the polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-18 gene at positions -137 G/C and -607 C/A. The results showed no significant difference for IL-18 polymorphisms between patients and control group. But showed a significant difference for homozygous genotypes G/G (39.1%) at position -137 (OR = 3.00, CI [95%] = 1.24 – 7.22, p = 0.02), and A/A (21.7 %), position -607 (OR = 3.62, CI [95%] = 1.25 – 10.45, p = 0.03) among women than men (22.6% and 7.6%). The results showed evidence that among women, the presence of the polymorphism homozygous A/A (-607) acts as a protective factor against HCV infection, genotype as the A/A (-607) have been linked in some studies with liver disease and mild viral clearance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização dos genótipos do vírus da hepatite b em pacientes atendidos no programa de hepatites virais do núcleo de medicina tropical – UFPA, Belém - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-27) ALMEIDA, Marcella Kelly Costa de; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
The hepatitis B virus belongs to the genus Orthohepdnavirus and Hepadnaviridae family, comprising a DNA virus capable of infecting mammalian hepatotropic. Classified into 10 genotypes (A-J) and many different subgenotypes, studies suggest that they may influence the severity of the disease, response to treatment and vaccine response. Genotypes and subgenotypes HBV has a wide distribution, some being restricted to certain geographic regions, while others show a worldwide distribution. It is found in different regions of Brazil with prevalence of genotypes A, D and F. This study aimed to identify genotypes and subgenotypes of hepatitis B virus among patients treated at the Tropical Medicine Center - UFPA, in the city of Belém, state Pará, from January 2011 to December 2015. A total of 1274 patients treated at the NMT-UFPA in the period, were selected for the study 222 patients of both sexes, with positive serology for HBsAg and / or anti-HBc. The samples were subjected to molecular biology, PCR "in house" and multiplex PCR to detect viral DNA and genotyping, and then the sequencing for confirmation and determination of viral subgenotypes. In 65 of the 222 samples was detected the presence of HBV DNA, but only 63 samples were satisfactory after the result of sequencing, which were identified the presence of genotypes A (46/63), especially the subgenotype A1 (36/46) followed by subgenotype A2 (10/46), and genotype F (17/63) and only detected subgenotype F2 (17/17) circulating in this population. The average age of the patients was 38 years, predominantly male, and most natural state of Pará patients. Some risk factors have been identified among the population studied, and not using a condom during sex the most predominant. Comparing the presence of viral DNA with serology for HBsAg marker is shown a picture that suggests the presence of occult hepatitis among the patients treated. The results found in this study are consistent with what is reported in other studies in Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção de vírus Influenza A em aves migratórias capturadas em regiões litorâneas dos estados da Bahia, Pará e Pernambuco
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) FERREIRA, Deimy Lima; MELLO, Wyller Alencar de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1784167608719139; SOUSA, Rita Catarina Medeiros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560941703812539
The Influenza virus is known for its ability to infect a wide variety of animals, such as mammals (humans, pigs, horses, whales), domestic birds (chicken [Gallus gallus], goose, turkey [Meleagris ocellata]) beyond wild birds of the orders Anseriformes (duck, wild goose and swan) and Charadriiformes (seagulls, swallows, aquatic birds and sandpipers) these being its natural host. Comprehend the movement of long distance migratory wild birds is crucial to explain the movement of avian influenza viruses. This event causes movement of the birds are acting as an important means of spreading the virus along a migratory route, a fact widely accepted. During the period 2006 and 2007, samples were collected 2,252 samples from a variety of bird species captured in locations which are part of the Atlantic migration route and Mississippi, in the states of Bahia, Para and Pernambuco for epidemiological surveillance of West Nile virus and influenza. The objective of this study was to investigate the circulation of influenza virus among migratory birds that use the routes that pass the above states. For this, the samples were analyzed by means of molecular biological techniques, which comprised two main steps: a) extraction of DNA / RNA from the biological specimen; b) amplification of the gene encoding cytochrome oxidase control of by the technical Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and amplification of the vRNA by Real time Reverse Transcripition polimerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results obtained showed that the total samples tested, 7.2% (n = 158) were positive by RT-qPCR for Influenza A virus. We observed a difference in positivity for the virus among bird species analyzed, which is 3.58% for Charadriformes order, 26.3% among the birds of the order Anseriformes, 5.3% of birds belonging to the order Pelecaniformes and 10.9% for those order Suliformes. Among the samples of the orders Passeriformes and Columbiformes, no sample was positive for Influenza Virus. The data suggest variation among the sampling sites, and the state of Para with the lowest percentage of positivity, the second highest rate with Bahia and Pernambuco finally presenting higher prevalence of absolute value. This study shows that although rare investigations in Brazilian territory, there has been movement of Influenza A viruses among several species of migratory birds that utilize the states of Para, Bahia and Pernambuco as stopping places and reproduction of their species. These findings justify further investigations to understand the dynamics of avian influenza viruses circulating in the population of wild birds in Brazil, and its role as a potential source of infection for other animals, including humans.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção laboratorial de Chlamydia trachomatis em escolares da rede pública do estado do Pará com diagnóstico clínico de tracoma
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) CARVALHO, Raimunda Marques de; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260; SOUSA, Maisa Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1775363180781218
Trachoma as a leading cause of preventable blindness in the world is a neglected disease related to low socioeconomic conditions and locations without basic sanitation. Present mainly in developing countries brings great harm to public coffers in lost productivity and visual impairment. With the creation of the Alliance for the Global Elimination of Trachoma in 1997 (GET2020) the State of Pará, with support from the Ministry of Health of Brazil, held in the 2006 epidemiological survey of trachoma in school 1st to 4th grades of the official network of education in municipalities with the human development index of less than national average, to discover the prevalence of the disease. Data from the survey proved that the disease was not eradicated, revealing 35 priority municipalities in Pará and prevalence above 5%. A sub-sample of the conjunctiva of clinically positive students was collected to confirm the diagnosis by direct immunofluorescence (DIF). The present study used 52 cryopreserved samples obtained during the epidemiological survey to be analyzed by the methods of DIF and molecular biology to laboratorial identification of Chlamydia trachomatis. We found frequencies of 26.92% (14/52) and 49% (24/49) of positive results by DIF techniques and polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR), respectively. Considering the 49 samples analyzed by two methods, the sensitivities for detection of the etiologic agent, by FAT and PCR were 28.57% (14/49) and 48.98% (24/49), respectively (p = 0,0127). The two techniques together confirmed 57.14% (n = 28) of samples with infection, where 50% (n = 14) were positive only by PCR, 35.72% (n = 10) for both technical and 14, 28% (n = 4) only by the IFD. The nucleotide sequence analysis of seven isolates showed homology to C. trachomatis genotype L1. These studies is a pioneer in Brazil, as well as confirm the presence of C. trachomatis in samples from ocular school clinically positive for trachoma, validated protocol for obtaining DNA from cryopreserved sheets DIF, showed the highest sensitivity of the molecular method front DIF and identified the genotype L1 in the sample of the conjunctiva of clinically positive students.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Epidemiologia molecular das infecções por rotavírus G2 ao longo de 16 anos (1992 a 2008) na região amazônica, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-07-05) OLIVEIRA, Alessilva do Socorro Lima de; LINHARES, Alexandre da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3316632173870389
In Brazil it is estimated that rotavirus causes 3,352,053 episodes of diarrhea, 655 853 visits to emergency rooms, 92,453 hospitalizations and 850 deaths involving children under 5 years of age. Rotavirus belongs to the family Reoviridae, genus Rotavirus. The viral particle consists of three concentric layers of protein and the viral genome of 11 segments making up a double-stranded RNA. Currently, 23 G genotypes and 31 P genotypes. have been recognized. Among the G genotypes detected so far, G2 represents one of the most important and it is usually associated with the genotype P [4]. Over the past three years it has been observed on a continental scale the reemergence of genotype G2, throughout the years following the introduction of universal rotavirus vaccination, particularly in Brazil. This study aimed at the molecular characterization of samples of G2 strains obtained from children participating in several studies on rotavirus gastroenteritis in the Amazon region, Brazil, from 1992 to 2008. We selected 53 rotavirus G2 samples which were sequenced for VP4 and 38 samples for VP7. These samples were genotyped by RTPCR and its products being purified, quantified and sequenced. Samples were also subjected to electrophoresis of RNA segments. The obtained sequences of VP4 and VP7 genes were aligned and edited using the program Bioedit (v.6.05) and compared with other sequences registered in the RV gene bank using the BLAST program. The phylogenetic tree was made using the program Mega 2.1. Of the total 53 samples sequenced for the VP7 gene, phylogenetic analysis revealed two lineages (II and III) and three sublineages (IIa, IIc, IId) that circulated in different periods in the population. Samples of sub-lineages IIa and IIc showed mutation at amino acid position 96(Asp/Asn). This modification may result in a conformational change of epitopes recognized by neutralizing antibodies. The G2 strains that circulated in Belém were identical to those circulating in other states in the Amazon region which were included in the study. The VP[4] gene was sequenced in the region of VP8*, yielding 36 which-belonged to genotype P[4] and tree to P[6] we could identify two strains: P[4]-4, occurring during 1998-2000 and the P[4]-5 during 1993-1994 and 2006-2008 periods. Our findings sustain recent findings indicating a worldwide reemergence of G2 genotypes of variant IIc, which were established in the population in combination with genotype P[4]-5. In our study, the high homology among G2 strains in various states suggests that detected mutations have even surpassed geographical and temporal barriers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo do perfil de pacientes submetidos a pesquisa de Helicobacter pylori: análise endoscópica e dos fatores determinantes da atividade linfocitária na resposta imunológica gástrica (ROR-Y, FOXP3 e GATA3)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) MIRANDA, Ariney Costa de; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3350166863853054
INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori is known for its adaptability to the host may progress to chronic infection using diverse and effective mechanisms of pathogenicity. It has high worldwide incidence and its direct relationship with peptic ulcer, gastritis, gastric carcinoma and lymphoma occurs in a minority of infected individuals. A better understanding of the genetic regulation of gastric immune response, motivated this investigation. OBJECTIVES: Describe the transcription factors of T lymphocytes positive for ROR-γ, FOXP3 and GATA3, correlating them with the intensity, type and degree of activity of gastritis, caused by H. pylori infection METHODS: The study included 50 patients of both sexes who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsy. Urease test and histology were made for identification and confirmation of infection by the bacteria. Thirty-five samples were sent to the immunopathology laboratory NMT-UFPA to study gene expression of transcription factors of T lymphocytes (ROR- γ, FOXP3 and GATA3) by RT-PCR method. RESULTS: We obtained 48.5% positive H. pylori urease test in patients and 25.7% positive of H. pylori in the histological study. The confirmation of H. pylori held by these two exams was 11.7%. In this sample, 22% of individuals reported having a previous Helicobacter pylori infection. The age and gender of the individuals did not influence the gene expression of the studied factors. The H. pylori positive individuals showed a higher expression of the GATA3 gene with prior infection report, and mild erosive gastritis body classified by the Sydney system via endoscopy. The ROR-γ gene presented with increased expression only when comparing samples with or without positive for H. pylori (histology), by the topography of the inflammatory process evidenced by endoscopy. The terms of the factors in the study were more significant when we used the β-actin gene as standard when compared to the GAPDH gene. CONCLUSIONS: The adult age group analyzed in our sample did not influence the gene expression of the studied transcription factors. 2- There were not found differences in the genes expressions that were studied, related to gender of the sample. 3- There was a significant gene expression not only in the patients that were H. pylori positive (histology), but also in the ones who reported previous infection in our study. 4-To compare the endoscopic findings of the sample using the Sydney system with the gene expression of transcription factors under study, we obtained better agreement only in the degree of activity of gastritis. 5- The transcription factor GATA3 (TH2 response profile) was the highest gene expression in samples with endoscopic gastritis and tested positive for H. pylori. 6- The transcription factor ROR-γ (TH17 response profile) presented with increased expression when comparing samples with the topography of the inflammatory process evidenced by endoscopy, regardless of positive H. pylori (histology). 7- The gene β-actin gene as a constituent standard used in our study was that showed significant results in quantified terms, when compared to the GAPDH gene.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Explorando a biodiversidade do rio Xingu: apresentação e validação de um novo equipamento de amostragem de DNA ambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-29) BAHIANA, Bruno Gonçalves; KEPPELER, Friedrich Wolfgang; GIARRIZZO, Tommaso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5889416127858884
Knowledge and monitoring of biodiversity are key elements for defining actions and initiatives focused on nature conservation and restoration. However, monitoring techniques are generally expensive and time-consuming, which complicates efforts to identify and manage biological diversity. In this sense, it is essential to investigate new fast, non-invasive and low-cost methods that can provide reliable and robust results and information, highlighting, in this context, approaches based on the use of environmental DNA (eDNA). eDNA is a complex mixture of genetic material originating from entire organisms or parts of them, present in environmental matrices, which can be, for example, soil, water or sediment. This project presents a prototype of a simple and low-cost equipment to obtain eDNA sampling, aiming to explore the richness and composition of the ichthyofauna in the Fish Transposition System of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP), located in the middle course of the Xingu River, a hyperdiverse river located in the Amazon Brazilian. To this end, a new and affordable piece of equipment was manufactured for passive collection of genetic material (eDNA) using a metal structure and two PVC tubes. A flow meter was attached to one of the tubes and two rolls of gauze were firmly attached to the other tube. From the samples, which were collected every two hours over a 24-hour period, a species inventory was generated using a combination of fish-specific molecular markers (Tele02 12S). To validate the equipment and the proposed methodology, the temporal variation in the richness and composition of the fish fauna detected with eDNA were compared with those recorded during monitoring using the Video-Image System located at the exit of the STP. The results indicate that the method was efficient and sampled 100% of the ichthyofauna orders that were recorded in monitoring with SVI, but the similarity between the two methods reduced as taxonomic specificity increased. This result can be explained by the low representation of Xingu species in existing genomic libraries. In this sense, eDNA is a promising approach with great potential to become a valuable tool for studying and monitoring the composition of fish in highly diverse tropical freshwater rivers with affordable costs and minimal impacts on organisms and habitats, but which, in this At the moment, more basic research is needed so that it can replace and/or complement traditional sampling methods.
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Genetic analysis reveals candidate species in the Scinax catharinae clade (Amphibia: Anura) from Central Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03) SILVA, Lídia Nogueira; SOLÉ, Mirco; SIQUEIRA JÚNIOR, Sérgio; AFFONSO, Paulo Roberto Antunes de Mello; STRÜSSMANN, Strüssmann; SAMPAIO, Maria Iracilda da Cunha
Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) is a species-rich genus of amphibians (113 spp.), divided into five species groups by morphological features. Cladistic analyses however revealed only two monophyletic clades in these groups: Scinax catharinae and Scinax ruber. Most species from the S. catharinae clade are found in Atlantic rainforest, except for Scinax canastrensis,S. centralis, S. luizotavioi, S. machadoi,S. pombali and S. skaios. In the present work, specimens of Scinax collected in Chapada dos Guimarães, central Brazil, were morphologically compatible with species from theS. catharinae group. On the other hand, genetic analysis based on mitochondrial (16S and 12S) and nuclear (rhodopsin) sequences revealed a nucleotide divergence of 6 to 20% between Scinax sp. and other congeners from the Brazilian savannah (Cerrado). Accordingly, Bayesian inference placed Scinax sp. in the S. catharinae clade with high support values. Hence, these findings strongly indicate the presence of a new species in the S. catharinae clade from the southwestern portion of the Brazilian savannah. To be properly validated as a novel species, detailed comparative morphological and bioacustic studies with other taxa from Brazil such asS. canastrensis, S. centralis, S. luizotavioi, S. machadoi, S. pombali and S. skaios are required
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Glicoliseum: simulador em ambiente de realidade virtual para o ensino da primeira fase da respiração celular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-04-26) ALVES, Glenda Quaresma; MONTEIRO, Dionne Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4423219093583221; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-3379
This dissertation presents the process of conception, development, testing and validation of a Virtual Reality (RV) simulator for the glycolysis process, the first phase of cellular respiration. The tool has cellular environmental control and was developed as a didactic instrument whose objective is to assist teaching-learning relations in the subjects Cellular and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, in higher education. The methodological approaches used were quantitative and qualitative, obeying the three stages of the scientific process suggested by Minayo (2009), namely: exploratory phase, field work and analysis of empirical and documentary material. The software development followed the agile methods model, being the tool developed by a team of interdisciplinary professionals. In order to provide theoretical support to the glycolytic concepts, followed by the modeling of the glycolytic substrates and cellular environment, in the 3D modeling software Blender. Besides that, the integration of these molecules into the VR environment was performed through the Unity 3D game development engine, culminating in the programming of the glycolytic pathway and in ways of user interaction with the cellular environment and glycolytic substrates. For immersion in the cellular environment in RV, it uses the headset of RV, HTC VIVE Óculus, consisting of movement sensors, interaction controls and immersion glasses. The product testing was carried out in a group of the Biotechnology Bachelor of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and in a group of the Degree in Natural Sciences of the National Program of Training of Teachers of Basic Education (PARFOR). The testing data were obtained through previous and post experimentation by questionnaires and interviews with the research participants. From the analysis of contents (BARDIN, 1970) it was noticed in the comparison of the questionnaires that, in general, the students involved in the test developed or expanded their learning about the concepts approached.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Isolamento de microssatélites de espécies madeireiras no contexto da sustentabilidade genética no manejo florestal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-05-10) VINSON, Christina Cleo; Yamaguishi, Ana Yamaguishi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7012636819010752; SAMPAIO, Maria Iracilda da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2482763145819602
Aborda isolamento de microssatélites de espécies madeireiras no contexto da sustentabilidade genética no manejo florestal com o objetivo de isolar e caracterizar uma bateria de marcadores microssatélites para espécies arbóreas da Floresta Amazônica: Jacaranda copaia, Bagassa guianensis e Dipteryx odorata. Estes estudos vem sendo realizados como parte do projeto Dendrogene, e as análises genéticas populacionais posteriores fornecerão subsídios para conservação e manejo sustentável destas espécies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência da Hepatite B oculta nos pacientes atendidos no Núcleo de Medicina Tropical da Universidade Federal do Pará, Amazônia Brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-15) SANT'ANNA, Carla de Castro; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Infection with hepatitis B occult (OBI) is characterized by absence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in commercial immunoassays, despite the persintência HBV DNA in the serum and / or liver tissue. The few studies of this clinical form in Brazil, mainly in the Amazon region, seen as an endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hamper the analysis to identify the epidemiological profile of the site. The objective of study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B occult in patients attended at the Tropical Medicine Center outpatient - Federal University of Pará, from January 2011 to December 2015, characterization of circulating viral genotypes and identify the main risk factors for the acquisition of this clinical form. Four hundred and sixty-five serum samples were submitted to ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) for detection of serological markers of HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs). Total 181 patients resulted in a non-reactive HBsAg, anti-HBc reactive and anti-HBs nonreactive. These were screened with a PCR assay for identification of HBV-DNA. Subsequently, the positive samples were sequenced to identify the genotypes and mutations. Of the 181 samples, 26 (14,36%) had serum HBV-DNA, demonstrating the infection by OBI. The average age of 39 years, 53.45% (14/26) were married and 50% (13/26) were male. The genotype A was found in 88.46% (23/26), with the most prevalent subgenotype A1 with 78.26% (18/23) and genotype A2 with 21.73% (5/23). The genotype F was found in only 11.53% (3/26), in the presence of F2 genotype in all samples. As for risk factors only the nail pliers share was statistically significant. Some amino acid substitutions were identified in samples of patients with HBO compared with the HBsAg samples reagentes, but no mutation was identified. The study found a high prevalence of hepatitis B occult in patients treated at the Tropical Medicine Center – UFPA. HBV molecular studies are of fundamental importance for the identification of patients who are considered healthy, but they do have the infection and can be a transmitter disease potential.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Simulador em ambiente de realidade virtual para o ensino da membrana plasmática
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-11-27) REIS, Juliardnas Rigamont dos; FERREIRA, Ana Cássia Sarmento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2022102405472089; MONTEIRO, Dionne Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4423219093583221
This dissertation presents the process of creation, development, testing and results of a Virtual Reality (VR) environment simulator of a plasma membrane and was developed as a didactic resource to assist the teaching-learning relationships of the Cellular and Molecular Biology discipline in higher education. The methodology used was the experimental scientific method, following the observation, problem elaboration, hypothesis raising, experimentation, results analysis and conclusion phases. The software was developed by an interdisciplinary team and made use of agile methodology. As steps of the product construction process, a bibliographic research was carried out, as a theoretical basis, followed by the modeling of the plasma membrane and the animal cell, in the Blender 3D modeling software. Subsequently, the modeling was integrated into the VR environment through the Unity 3D game development engine, culminating in the programming of phospholipid movements, the transport of small substances across the plasma membrane and in forms of user interaction with the game. Virtual environment. For immersion in the cellular environment in VR, the HTC VIVE Óculus VR headset is made up of motion sensors, interaction controls and immersion glasses. The test of the product was conducted with professors of the Cellular and Molecular Biology discipline of the State University of Pará (UEPA), the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (IFPA) and the Federal University of Pará (UFPA). With undergraduate students of the Biomedicine course at UEPA, the Biological Sciences / Undergraduate course at IFPA and UFPA and postgraduates from the UFPA Postgraduate Program in Biology Teaching (PROFBIO). Test data were obtained through questionnaires after contact and use of the VR simulator. From the content analysis it was realized that the simulator was considered an important tool and contributed to facilitate the learning of content related to the structural and functional aspects of the plasma membrane, besides making this learning fun and enjoyable.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Soroepidemiologia das hepatites virais B e C nas comunidades ribeirinhas residentes na região do lago da usina hidrelétrica de Tucuruí, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-06) ALMEIDA, Marcella Kelly Costa de; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Viral hepatitis is a disease caused by different etiologic agents that have in common hepatotropism. Epidemiologically, the relevance of these diseases is due to the wide geographic distribution and the huge number of infected individuals in virtually every country in the world. For this study were 668 randomly selected residents of the islands of Tucuruí dam lake. We collected blood samples for research of serological markers HBsAg, anti-HBc, Anti-HBs and anti-HCV using enzyme immunoassay. Patients with reactive serology for HCV were tested by molecular biology (RT-PCR and RFLP) for detection of viral genotypes. Of the 668 coastal studied, 1.95% were positive for HBsAg, 28% for Anti-HBc Total and 41.91% for anti-HBs. The presence of the marker anti-HBs alone (vaccine response) was observed in 25.75% of the volunteers. The serological marker for hepatitis C was observed in 2.24%, and of these 70% had genotype 1. The results indicate an intermediate level of endemicity in this region for HBV and HCV. In addition to HBV vaccination coverage is low.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso de técnica de biologia molecular para detecção do Mycobacterium leprae, em combinação com a avaliação dermatoneurológica, no diagnóstico precoce dos contatos intradomiciliares de hanseníase
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-28) PONTES, Ana Rosa Botelho; ISHIKAWA, Edna Aoba Yassui; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3074963539505872
The purpose of this study was to apply the technique of molecular biology in nasal secretion sample from household contacts of leprosy patients, in combination with dermatological and neurological assessments, improving the early diagnosis of leprosy. The study was conducted in health municipal units of Belém-PA, from February 2013 to April 2015. The sample consisted of 154 household contacts and 58 index cases of leprosy, totaling 212 subjects. Data collection was through epidemiological record, dermatologic and neurological evaluations and BCG scar examination. A nasal secretion sample from each subject for the PCR was collected. In index cases, positive PCR was in the age group of 40-59 years (35.0%), in multibacillary (MB) form (80,0%); cases with 7 to 9 skin lesions (35.0%) and with no enlarged nerves (40.0%). All positive index PCR cases show signs and symptoms of leprosy (34.5%) and most do not have BCG scar (65.0%). Among the contacts, positive PCR prevailed in females (63.9%); in the age group 20-39 years (44.4%); family income of a minimum wage (47.2%); student occupation (33.3%) and completed high school (36.1%). The strongest evidence of positive PCR in index cases and contacts was in multibacillary, respectively (37.2% and 25.6%). Proves to be a highly significant correlation between clinical signs and symptoms with PCR in nasal secretion of multibacillary contacts, indicating that if they get sick are more likely to reproduce the same operating way of index cases. The highest percentage of positive PCR was in contact with the absence of BCG scar (25.8%). The association between the signs, symptoms and PCR indicates that contacts with positive PCR have 07 times more likely to show signs and symptoms of leprosy. In estimating the potential risk for the development of leprosy in contacts, we identified 22 (14.3%) at intermediate risk and 06 (3.9% 0) at high risk. One hundred and forty-four (144) contacts said that they have daily contact with the index case (93.5%) and of these 36 (25.0%) were positive for PCR. The treatment of index cases led to a reduction of PCR positivity in both modes of operation. The correlation between PCR and the degree of disability of the index cases, grade 1 was more prevalent (55.0%). M. leprae DNA detection in the nasal secretion of household contacts for PCR, in association with dermatological and neurological assessments, raises the effectiveness of early diagnosis of leprosy, contributing to the control of the disease in the community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso do spoligotyping para genotipagem de Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtidos a partir de lâminas coradas pela técnica de ziehl-neelsen pertencentes a pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar residentes nos municípios paraenses de Belém e Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-10) FURLANETO, Ismari Perini; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, closely linked to socioeconomic factors, and its main causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The Spoligotyping is based on PCR-reverse hybridization that permit identification and differentiation of M. tuberculosis Complex members directly from clinical samples, as samples from Ziehl-Neelsen stained slides (ZN), avoiding problems associated with slow growth of these microorganisms, thus becoming an important tool for the monitoring of strains in different epidemiological settings, being able to reveal the biogeographical character of these. The ability to characterize genetic, demographic and geographically these microorganisms can contribute both to understanding how the disease is transmitted and the implementation of actions to its control and combat. Thus, we performed a retrospective study that evaluated the samples obtained from ZN stained slides, made by public heath laboratories from Belém and Ananindeua between October 2007 and March 2008. Most (61.3%) of 163 cases included in the study belonged to the males and 68.0% of cases were between 20 and 49 years with a mean age of 38 years. Application of Spoligotyping in this kind of samples showed good performance, with 146 (89.6%) hybridization patterns of complete and consistent with each other after the duplicates. Of these, 142 were considered for comparison with the international database of Spoligotypes (SpolDB4), of which 67 were observed different spoligotype or genotypes, including 95 (67%) cases were shared by two to 20 samples and 47 (33%) with unique patterns. Forty-eight (71.6%) genotypes were known and 19 (28.4%) have not been reported in SpolDB4. LAM and T families were more frequent, concentrating 56 (39.4%) and 35 (24.6%) cases, respectively, and Haarlem, and EAI families comprised 12 (8.45%) samples each. Spatial localization of cases allowed to visualize the distribution of spoligotypes in the cities studied, revealing some groups with the same genotype, proving to be useful to guide and assist future investigations.