Navegando por Assunto "Bubalinos"

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 64

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acúmulo de sementes de Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae) na bochecha de búfalos no Pará
(2009-05) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; AMARAL JÚNIOR, João Maria do; PINHEIRO, Cleyton Prado; OLIVEIRA, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra
A condition of buffaloes characterized by an increased volume of one of the cheeks was shown to be due to accumulation of the seeds of the palm-tree "mucaja" (Acrocomia aculeata) and of grass, in the oral vestibulum during rumination. This caused compressive atrophy with thinning and medial deviation of the corresponding submaxillary bone and exposition of the roots of molar teeth. The seeds appear to be of good palatability to the buffaloes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adição de óleo de palma na dieta sobre a lipidemia e a qualidade do sêmen de bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis)
(2014-02) SILVA, Geanne Rocha da; GARCIA, Alexandre Rossetto; FATURI, Cristian; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; NAHÚM, Benjamim de Souza; GONÇALVES, Arnaldo Algaranhar; KAWHAGE, Priscila Reis; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; MENESES, Andre Marcelo Conceição
The study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with palm oil on serum lipid profile, the seminal characteristics of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) and the correlations between them. Twelve bulls were divided into Group CONT (n = 5) or Group OIL (n = 7). Animals in both groups were fed with isoproteic diets composed of corn silage and concentrated (ground corn, wheat bran and urea), with 50% forage/concentrate ratio, during 130 days (Periods 1 and 2). Palm oil (2%DM) was added to diet offered to Group OIL. Semen and blood samples were collected every two weeks. Increased serum levels of cholesterol, HDL and total lipids were observed for Group OIL, while the period influenced on cholesterol, LDL, total lipids and VLDL (P<0,05). Treatment decreased gross motility (P<0.05) and slightly reduced sperm membrane integrity (P<0.05) in animals of Group OIL. There were significant correlations between triglycerides and minor defects (r=-0.412, P=0.006), LDL and total defects (r=-0.333, P=0.030), total lipids and minor defects (r=-0.366, P=0.017), VLDL and spermatic viability (r=0.381, P=0.012), and total lipids and totals defects (r=-0.309, P=0.046), highlighting positive effects of higher lipid serum levels on sperm morphology and viability. The incorporation of palm oil in the diet altered the serum lipid profile, but it showed no positive effect on seminal parameters related to the potential of bull fertility.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alterações histológicas em fígados e linfonodos de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) mantidos em pastagens de Brachiaria spp.
(2010-09) RIVERO, Beatriz Riet Correa; CORREA, Franklin Riet; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, Carlos Alberto de; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; RIVERO, Gabriela Riet Correa
Infiltration by foamy macrophages and other lesions are reported in healthy cattle held in Brachiaria spp. pastures. With the objective to study histologic lesions in the liver and mesenteric lymph nodes in buffalo in the state of Pará, samples of liver and lymph nodes of 142 buffalo Murah and 15 Nelore cattle were studied histologically. The samples were collected in an slaughterhouse and divided into groups of animals according to their origin and period of grazing Brachiaria spp. pastures. Group (G) 1 consisted of 79 buffalo from Marajó Island, raised in native pastures free of Brachiaria spp.; G2 was composed of 17 buffalo kept since birth in Brachiaria brizantha pastures; G3 was composed of 29 buffalo purchased in Marajó Island and introduced in B. decumbens pastures where they stayed for nearly 12 months; G4 consists of 17 buffalo purchased in Marajó Island and introduced in B. brizantha pastures where they stayed for nearly 18 months. G5 was composed of 15 Nelore cattle grazing B. brizantha during one year period. To assess the degree of liver injury, grades following a scale of 0 to 4 were established according to the quantity and size of groups of foamy macrophages. In G1, from the Marajó Island, there were no significant histological changes in liver and lymph nodes. Foamy macrophages and other lesions were observed in liver and lymph nodes of all samples from G1, G2, G3, and G4. The animals from G2 and G4, which remained a longer period in Brachiaria spp., showed more pronounced infiltration of foamy macrophages (P<0.05) than the animals of G3. Other lesions observed in the livers of these three groups were swollen, vacuolated or necrotic hepatocytes, mainly in the centrolobular region, and thickening of the Glisson's capsule with vacuolization and necrosis of subcapsular hepatocytes. These lesions were more pronounced in areas where exists higer infiltration of foamy macrophages. In cattle from G5 smaller groups of foamy macrophages were observed in the lymph nodes and were absent in the liver. These results suggest that the hepatic lesions observed in buffalo are caused by ingestion of Brachiaria spp. The presence of severe lesions in buffalo without clinical signs, much more severe than those observed and reported previously in cattle, as well as the low frequency of Brachiaria poisoning in buffalo grazing in Brachiaria spp. pastures, suggest that buffalo are resilient to Brachiaria spp. poisoning. In each group, there was no association between the weight at slaughter and the degree of lesion. It is also suggested that the observation of severe lesions of the liver, similar to those observed in this experiment, in animal that died from other diseases, can lead to a wrong diagnosis of Brachiaria poisoning.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Anticorpos IgG anti-Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis) criadas no estado do Pará
(2010-05) SILVA, Sandro Patroca da; MOTA, Rinaldo Aparecido; CAVALCANTI, Erika Fernanda Torres Samico; SOUZA NETO, Orestes Luis de; ALBUQUERQUE, Pedro Paulo Feitosa de; DIAS, Hilma Lúcia Tavares; FARIA, Eduardo Bento de
To investigate the occurrence of antibodies IgG anti-Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii, blood samples were collected from 374 adult female water buffaloes originated from 14 production units located in 13 counties of the state of Pará. The sera were subjected to indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), using titers of 200 and 64 as IFA cut off points for N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively. Hundred and fifty three (40.9%) buffaloes were sero-positive for N. caninum, with 100% of the properties being sources of infection. Four buffaloes (1.1%) in four farms were seropositive for T. gondii, and one buffalo cow (0.27%) was seropositive for the two parasites. The presence of antibodies indicates that these protozoan parasites are circulating among buffaloes from the properties studied, representing a source of infection to other animals, as well as a possible cause of reproductive disorders in this species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação comparativa da ultraestrutura e propriedades físicas do esmalte bovino, bubalino e humano
(2014-05) NOGUEIRA, Bárbara Catarina Lima; FERNANDES, Piero Maia; PAIVA, Augusto Cezar Justino; FAGUNDES, Nathália Carolina Fernandes; TEIXEIRA, Francisco Bruno; LIMA, Rafael Rodrigues
This study aimed to compare the morphology and physical properties of the enamel structure of bovine, buffalo and human teeth. Analysis of this tissue was performed by scanning electron microscopy, mineral composition, microhardness and surface roughness of enamel in 41 buffalo incisors (Bos taurus indicus), 41 bovine incisors (Pelorovis antiques), and 30 human permanent incisors. The results showed a significant similarity between the ultrastructure of enamel in these animal species and the one found in human samples. The chemical elements which presented higher concentration in bovine and buffalo enamel were: O,Ca and P, precisely those that form hydroxyapatite crystals - Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. Knoop microhardness values showed no statistically significant differences between the three species. However, the surface roughness of buffalo enamel (2.16µm ±0.23) was significantly higher when compared with human (0.36µm ±0.05) and bovine teeth (0.41µm ±0.07). It is concluded that the characteristics and properties of bovine and buffalo enamel, as obtained from our analysis and testing, showed a similar morphology to that of humans. They showed a similar ultrastructural architecture, microhardness and mineral composition equivalent to the human dental tissue, becoming reference models for research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da dinâmica folicular, atividade ovariana e involução uterina durante o pós-parto de búfalas (Bubalus bubalis) criadas em condições tropicais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-11) SILVA, Aluizio Otavio Almeida da; RIBEIRO, Haroldo Francisco Lobato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1614582293203770
In this experiment aimed to monitor the follicular dynamics and ovarian activity of buffalo females in the postpartum period through ultrasound exams, investigating whether some events related to ovarian activity in the Postpartum Period (PPP), and uterine involution, since the 7th day calved until the second post-partum estrus. ten were used (10) crossbred females between Murrah and Mediterranean breeds with eutócicas parities and no history of reproductive problems, managed in semi extensive system, with availability of water and mineral supplementation ad libitum. It was found the presence of follicular growth patterns of two waves (2 OCF) and three waves (3OCF) at a ratio of 40% and 60%, respectively. The 1st and 2nd postpartum estrus demonstrated to 37,00+13,12 and 58,83+14,56 days postpartum for 2OCF animals, 45,00 + 15,19 and 66,00 + 23.02 days postpartum for animal 3OCF. The estrous intervals were 21,00+2,44 and 21,83+2,56 days for animals 2OCF and 3OCF respectively. Follicular emergency occurred at an average of 1,02+0,34 and 7.25+0,50 days cycle for the first and second waveform, respectively, of animals and 2OCF 0,93+0,35; 6,6+1,36 and 10,83+1,94 days cycle for the first, second and third wave, respectively, for the animal 3OCF. The pre ovulatory follicular diameter was 13,08±2,6 and 11,45+0,35 mm for the 1st and 2nd postpartum estrus of 2 OCF animals and 13,24+2,41 and 12,74+1,10 mm for the 1st and 2nd postpartum estrus of 3OCF animals. The uterine involution occurred at an average of 29,00+1,48 days, (P <0.001), diameter of the post gravid uterine horn (DPGUH) around 18,84+0,33 mm. The rate of uterine involution was 0,97+0,21 mm/day, (P <0,001). There was a high correlation between the PPP and CUPG, represented by r = -0,8179 (P<0,0001), being possible to establish a linear regression between the two parameters, represented by the equation Y = 40,8809 + (-0,8214.X) (P<0,0001).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de seis testes sorológicos no diagnóstico da brucelose bubalina
(2002-04) MOLNÁR, László; MOLNÁR, Lászlóné Éva; NUNES, Emilia do Socorro Conceição de Lima; DIAS, Hilma Lúcia Tavares
Four hundred and forty buffalo sera, selected from about 1,200 blood samples of another study, were examined. The samples were tested by six serological methods: two of agglutination, two of indirect ELISA and two of competitive ELISA. To determine the relative sensitivity and specificity of different tests, animals with a positive result to competitive ELISA of the FAO/IAEA were considered as infected. The relative sensitivity of competitive ELISA, indirect ELISA with conjugate anti-bovine light chain monoclonal antibody labelled with HRPO, indirect ELISA with anti-bovine IgG conjugate, rose Bengal test and rapid slide agglutination test was 100%, 98.57%, 97.14%, 91.42% and 79.28%, and the relative specificity 99.33%, 97.33%, 95.66%, 94.00% and 86.33%, respectively. The value of the different serological tests for the diagnosis of brucellosis is discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de sistema silvipastoril através do desempenho produtivo de búfalos manejados nas condições climáticas de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-06-03) CASTRO, Anderson Corrêa; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544
A development was lead to study the relations between productive, physiological variable and of animal comfort of buffalos and factors of the physical environment, in silvipastoril system, involving african mahogany (Khaya ivorensis) and indian nim (Azadirachta indica) and intensive rotation grazing of Cynodon nlemfuensis, in the period of may of 2003 the november of 2004, in the Unit of Animal Research "Senator Alvaro Adolpho", Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Belem, Para state, in the climatic type Afi, with the rainier of december to may and less rainy time, of june to november. The area of experimental pasture, 5,4 ha, is divided in six plots, with animal permanence of five days and 25 days of rest. Had been used 26 buffaloes Murrah race, no castrated, with age between 231 and 303 days. Descriptive analysis of the experimental data was effected, for attainment of averages, shunting line standard, minimum and maximum values, correlations and variances, considering weight gain, availability and chemical composition of the pasture, physiological variable of the animals, climatic variable, development of the forest essences, Comfortal Index (CI) and Temperature – humidity Index (THI). Excellent performance of the experimental animals was observed, with 0.911 average gain of kg/day and 510 kg of final alive weight. In the periods more and less rainy, the availability, the crude protein levels of stem, leaf and entire plant and the digestibility "in vitro" of the dry and the organic matter of the pasture had been satisfactory, taking care of the minimum necessities for maintenance and detached productive performance. Occurred interferences of the meteorological variable in the cardiac beatings, respiratory frequency, rectal temperature and ruminal movement of the animals. The CI exceeded the critical level, mainly in the period less rainy, as well as the THI levels had been raised, supplanting considered of emergency, indicating the necessity of practical of manipulation of the physical environment to raise the animal performance. The development of the forest essences already supplies better ambience to the animals, in function of the shade, which contributes for the reduction of thermal stress and promotes better performance productive of the buffalos.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação reprodutiva de touros bubalinos alimentados com subprodutos da agroindústria na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-19) SANTOS, Alessandra Ximenes; FATURI, Cristian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8389692203753236; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; GARCIA, Alexandre Rossetto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2678267039338224
The byproducts coconut meal (FC) and palm kernel cake (TAD) available in agribusiness in Eastern Amazonia can be used as alternative foods in the substitution of conventional concentrates. However, little information about their chemical composition and their relationship with productive and reproductive performance of the animals is available. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the feeds prepared with coconut meal and palm kernel cake over the semen quality of buffaloes. Also, the individual daily feed intake in the experimental diets and your relationship with the testosterone levels, scrotal circumference and semen quality were analyzed. The experiment was developed in the Animal Research Unit "Senador Álvaro Adolpho", in Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Belém-PA. Fifteen buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) bulls with age of 3.2 ± 1.8 years and weights of 578.6 ± 101.9 kg were used as semen donors. The animals were separated in three groups: the Control group, the FC-Base group (coconut meal-based) and the TADBase group (palm kernel cake-based). The supplementary feeding was available individually every day, according 1.0% of body weight (BW). Semen collections (n=173) were realized weekly, and they started 112 days after initiation of supplementary feeding, after two spermatogenic cycles. Seminal physical characteristics (aspect, color, volume, concentration, pH, sperm motility and vigor) and morphology (defects and integrity of sperm plasma membrane) were analyzed. The EPA method (1974, 1994, 2009) was used to determine the macronutrients, micronutrients and toxic metals in diets. Data were submitted to ANOVA and the means compared by Test t (P<0.05). The average feed intake was 4.778 ± 1.233 kg in the Control, 3.112 ± 0.693 kg in the FC-Base, and 4.558 ± 1,077 kg in the TADBase. The means of weight were 591.4 ± 103.3 kg, 566.4 ± 94.1 kg and 578.3 ± 107.5 kg and the scrotal circumference of 34.6 ± 2.0 cm, 33.0 ± 1.9 cm e 32.7 ± 1.9 cm for Control, FC-Base and TAD-Base, respectively. The spermatic concentration (x106 sptz/mL) was 1326.3 ± 893.8, 1698.1 ± 1023.0 e 1003.2 ± 569.0 for Control, FC-Base and TAD-Base, respectively. In the same order, the integrity of sperm plasma membrane (%) observed was 68.0 ± 19.5, 72.0 ± 22.6 and 82.1 ± 12.2. The progressive sperm motility (0-100%) presented significant difference (P<0.05) in the TAD-Base group (71.7 ± 15.1%), compared to Control (59.3 ± 20.5%) and FC-Base (56.7 ± 24.8%). Correlations were observed between the variables of response. The feed intake and your components, such as crude protein, lipids, macronutrients, micronutrients and toxic metals were higher in the TAD-Base group, exception to K and Ti, higher in the Control and the FC-Base group, respectively. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in semen aspect, volume, mass activity, spermatic vigor, pH and sperm pathologies. However, higher sperm concentrations were observed in FC-Base and increased motility and integrity of sperm plasma membrane in the TAD-Base. Thus, it can be concluded that diets based on byproducts of the agribusiness, such as coconut meal and palm kernel cake, can be used for buffalo bulls, however, the better semen quality was observed in diets based on palm kernel cake.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação sorológica e molecular da infecção por Toxoplasma gondii em bubalinos da Ilha de Marajó naturalmente infectados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-29) SANTOS, Cássia Maria Pedroso dos; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
In order to analyze the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in buffalo Marajó Island by serological and molecular method, blood samples and brain tissue of 100 buffaloes were collected. Blood sera were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using a 1:64 dilution as the cutoff point for T. gondii, these samples were tested for the presence of antibodies IgG anti-T. gondii. To confirm the presence of T. gondii B1 gene in genomic material of blood and brain tissue samples were subjected to amplification by polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR). Among the tested sera buffaloes, 14 (14%) were reactive against T. gondii by the IFA technique, while blood samples and brain tissue tested 4- (4%) were amplified DNA by the technique of T. gondii PCR, 3 (3%) in blood samples and 1 (1%) in brain tissue samples. Despite the low occurrence of antibodies anti-T. gondii in serum buffalo, it can be concluded that infection by this parasite is present in buffalo breed in Marajo, moreover, it was possible to detect the genomic material of T. gondii in blood samples and brain tissue these animals, thus there is the need for further research, using the molecular technique for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis since the detection of the bioagent buffaloes becomes even more relevant to the importance of these animals in the epidemiological cycle of toxoplasmosis as possible sources of infection primarily for the human being.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Brachiaria spp. poisoning of ruminants in Brazil
(2011-03) RIVERO, Beatriz Riet Correa; CASTRO, Márcio Botelho de; LEMOS, Ricardo Antônio Amaral de; CORREA, Gabriela Riet; MUSTAFA, Vanessa da Silva; CORREA, Franklin Riet
Brachiaria species are the most important grasses for cattle production in Brazil. However, a limiting factor for the use of Brachiaria spp. is their toxicity. Most outbreaks of hepatogenous photosensitization are caused by B. decumbens; however B. brizantha, B. humidicola and B. ruziziensis can also cause poisoning. The poisoning affects cattle, sheep, goats and buffalo. Sheep are more susceptible than other animal species and the young are more susceptible than adults. There are differences in susceptibility among animals of the same species and it has been suggested that this resistance is genetic. Also has been suggested that buffalo and probably some sheep are resilient, i.e. when poisoned these animals have histologic lesions and high GGT serum concentrations, but do not show clinical signs. In general, saponin concentrations are higher in growing plants, but outbreaks occur all over the year, probably due to unexplained rise in saponin concentration in the plant. A clinical syndrome of progressive weight loss and death, without photosensitization, has been reported in cattle poisoned by B. decumbens. Main preventive measures are based on the selection of resistant or resilient animals and on the development of Brachiaria species or varieties with low saponin concentration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização de polimorfismos nos genes DGAT1 E GH em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-11) SILVA, Caio Santos; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676
The Buffaloes are domestic animals belonging to Bubalus genus, Bovidae family and Artiodactyla order. Provide meat, milk and workforce. Are quite adapted to the climatic conditions of the state of Pará, producing well in those conditions. However, producers still need tested animals for production characteristics. There were used the technique of SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) and SNP markers (single nucleotideo polymorphism), in order to characterize the 83 buffaloes from murrah and Mediterranean breeds. For the DGAT1, occured allelic frequency of 0.741 for the allele A, 0.253 for the allele B and 0.01 for the allele C. The genotypic frequencies were 0.54 for the AA genotype, 0.39 for the AB genotype, 0.06 for the BB genotype and 0.01 for the AC genotype. For the GH gene was found only one genotype. The DGAT1 gene showed considerable genetic variation and detects the presence of SNPs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização dos sistemas de produção na bovinocultura leiteira nas mesorregiões sudeste e nordeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-25) DANTAS, Vanderson Vasconcelos; GODOY, Bruno Spacek; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4036516695601666; OAIGEN, Ricardo Pedroso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8056365542183068
The dairy industry is of great importance in the regional economy in terms of employment and income generation , especially for family farming . Know the reality of these systems becomes essential so that they can generate specific grants for further development of the activity. In this context, studies on the different production systems emerge as an important tool. The objective of this study systems of milk production was characterized in the regions of Southeast and Northeast Pará through the use of multivariate analysis techniques . The survey was conducted through questionnaires with 112 properties located in the municipalities of Ulianópolis - PA and PA - Irituia . Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and processed using SPSS 18.0 software . Through frequency analysis revealed that the total area of varied properties 7-1600 ha . The owners were ranked according to the number of cows in the existing properties and the lowest represented by those with less than 10 cows, which corresponded to 5.35 % and higher over 50 ( 23.21 %). Regarding herd productivity observed an overall average of 4.34 ( L cow -1 day -1) . Feeding the flock is based on cultivated pastures , being the most used braquiarão . Only 19.60% of the properties held supplementation with concentrate and roughage with 13.39% . The reproductive management is performed in 86.6 % through natural mating without any control , which results in little specialized animals for dairy production . The management of milking presents itself as the poor hygienic and sanitary conditions , resulting in a poor quality product . Management practices show little expression among producers . With respect to the typology established through factor analysis revealed four factors that explained 66.99 % of the original variables , and the cluster analysis identified 4 groups of producers with similar profiles . The group III corresponded to the group of producers that had the highest adoption of technology such as supplemental feeding , health management , milking and activity management technology, thus having better performance with an average productivity of 5.02 ( L cow -1 day -1) . Groups I and II are characterized by family production systems with low specialization and low productivity and group IV consists of family farmers who presented with an incipient share of agriculture production , having the lowest production and economic returns.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização e processamento de leite bubalino em pó em secador por nebulização
(2005-09) GUERRA, Roberta Batista; NEVES, Elisa Cristina Andrade; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva
This work aims to show the process development based on the spray dryer for the obtaining of powdered buffalo milk. For that, physiochemical analyses were made in the milk in natura and later in the powdered product, which was also submitted to microbiological analysis to be sure that it could be consumed by humans; and to sensorial analysis for obtaining information about the product's acceptance. Sorption isotherms for the powdered product were obtained at 25ºC with the purpose of perceiving the hygroscopic behavior. The buffalo's powdered milk presented the following characteristics: 3,4 % moisture content, 23,2% proteins, 46,1% fat, 4,2% ash, 0,5% soybean lecithin and 22,6% of total carbohydrates. The product was characterized as whole powdered buffalo milk, because it didn't suffer any standardization. Nutrient losses, during the process, were less then 5%, and just for proteins the variation was more than 15%. It can be justified by the desnaturation of the casein due to high temperatures (>80ºC). The powdered product presented type III sorption isotherms and the same behavior was observed for the whole powdered milk. Through sorption isotherms, the moisture content value, referent to the monolayer, was on an average of 4,4g H2O/100g dry solids, which confirms the process efficiency. The hysteresis behavior presented by the powdered product was similar of the whole powdered milk. The product acceptance was of 74%, close to the commercial powdered milk acceptance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização histopatológica, imunohistoquímica e determinação molecular de Mycobacterium bovis de lesões sugestivas de tuberculose em bubalinos abatidos para consumo no estado do Amapá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-26) PEDROSO, Silvia Cristina da Silva; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
The creation of buffalo is an important source of income in Amapá, an important sector in the local economy. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution, which occurs in cattle and buffaloes caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis. The disease has debilitating chronic nature with economic impact on the production of meat and milk in different regions of the world, besides being an important zoonosis. Aiming to characterize M. bovis in suggestive of tuberculosis lesions detected in buffalo inspection in the State of Amapá, through histopathological and immunohistochemical methods (IHC) and molecular analysis, there was the collection of 109 samples suggestive of tuberculosis lesions. For histopathological analysis, we used standard techniques for paraffin by hematoxylin and eosin and Fite-Faraco. For IHC was used the method of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) with a polyclonal rabbit antiserum against M. bovis (Dako B0124). For molecular analysis, mycobacterial DNA extraction was directly performed lymph node and treated by the phenolchloroform method through two amplification protocols (conventional PCR and Nested- PCR). Histologically, 94.5% (103/109) had typical granulomatous tissue reaction tuberculoide injury (LT), while in 5.5% (06/109) without features of tuberculoid granulomas (p <0.0001). The results obtained by IHC among the positive cases by histopathology, all had some kind of injury classified in several stages by histopathology, and observed that most of them 82.2% (74/90; p <0.0001) was only stage IV. Among the negative cases, necrotic lesions presenting only the last stage of development (IV) were also frequently 52.5% (10/19) and 31.5% (06/19) were also negative in the histopathologic ( p = 0.0030). Of the 103 positive samples for histopathology, 73.8% (76/103) were PCR positive reaction to the genus Mycobacterium and 64.1% (66/103) had amplification for the RD4 region, confirming the deletion, exclusive of the species M. bovis. The results showed that tuberculosis is present in buffalo herds of Amapá and regions of Marajó in Pará, representing a serious risk to public health.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Carcass quality of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) finished in silvopastoral system in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil
(2012-08) PEIXOTO, Maria Regina Sarkis; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; FATURI, Cristian; GARCIA, Alexandre Rossetto; NAHÚM, Benjamim de Souza; LOURENÇO, Lúcia de Fátima Henriques; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; OLIVEIRA, Kelly Cavalcanti Conor de
The influence of the diet on the quality of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) carcasses of crossbred Murrah and Mediterranean, concentrate fed on traditional (corn/soybean) or on agro-industrial residues (palm oil and coconut cakes) was studied. The animals were sacrificed in a slaughterhouse, and physical and physical-chemical analyses in the carcasses were carried out after 24 hours, and instrumental color and texture analyses of the Longissimus dorsi were carried out 48 hours after cooling. The animals supplemented with palm oil cake had better carcass conformation and fat trim, and differences (P<0.05) in the percentage of fat in the carcass fat thickness and coverage were observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cinética da maturação nuclear in vitro de oócitos bubalinos
(2002) SANTOS, Simone do Socorro Damasceno; DANTAS, Jedina Kato; MIRANDA, Moysés dos Santos; BIONDI, Flávia Costa; OHASHI, Otávio Mitio
To evaluate the kinetics of the in vitro maturation of buffalo oocytes, 1.619 oocytes with compact cumulus oophorus were cultivated in different treatments: T1 - TCM 199 with 10% of bovine foetal serum (BFS) (basic medium); T2 – Medium basic and granulosa cells (GC); T3 –Basic medium, GC, 10 IU of eCG and 10 IU of hCG; T4 – Basic medium , 10 IU of eCG, 10 IU of hCG and 1 µg 17b-estradiol / ml, in times 14 to 17 h, 20 to 22 h, 23 to 25 h, 26 to 28 h, 29 h and 32 h of cultivation in CO2 incubator at 5% and temperature of 38,5ºC. In the treatment 1, it was observed that 81,83%, 69,61%, 65,88%, 60,28%, 64,98% and 67,67% of the oocytes restarted the meiosis; with the treatment 2, rates of oocytes restart of the meiosis were of 76,06%, 72,06%, 69,78%, 68,12%,74,97% and 89,96%; with the treatment 3 rates were of 83,59%, 78,86%, 77,49%, 82,4%, 72,92% and 81,06% and with the treatment 4 the rates were of 95,0%, 91,82%, 93, 17%, 91,65%, 92,09% and 74,99% in the times from 14 to 17 h, 20 to 22 h, 23 to 25 h, 26 to 28 h, 29 h and 32 h of culture, respectively, could be concluded that the supllemented medium provides larger rates of restarted of the meiosis in smaller time, as well as the increase in the time of cultivation it can take to largest rates of degeneration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparação das técnicas de ELISA indireto e Imunofluorescência indireta na detecção de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis)
(2013-04) SILVA, Sandro Patroca da; MOTA, Rinaldo Aparecido; FARIA, Eduardo Bento de; CASSEB, Alexandre do Rosário; CASSEB, Livia Medeiros Neves; DIAS, Hilma Lúcia Tavares
To compare two serologic tests for detection of antibodies against Neospora caninum in sera from buffaloes, samples were collected from 288 buffaloes of 2 to 10 years of age. To identify the presence of IgG, anti-N. caninum was used for the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT), with title 200 as the cutoff, and for the immunoenzymatic test (indirect ELISA), considering as positive samples with ratio S/P >0.5. There were 153 (53.12%) animals positive for N. caninum by IFAT, whilst 50 (17.36%) animals were reactive in ELISA. The presence of antibodies anti-N. caninum demonstrates that the parasite is circulating among buffaloes raised in Pará State, Brazil. ELISA and IFAT tests could be used to diagnose immunoglobulins against this agent. However there was a weak correlation (Kappa = 0.36) between both tests, considering the IFAT as the gold standard.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparação de peso e rendimento de carcaça entre vacas bovinas e bubalinas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) CRUZ, Sanderley Simões da; ARAÚJO, Cláudio Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5049897507837031
Records of alive weight, weight of carcass, weight of primary cuts and income of carcass, proceeding from the Company Scope Ltda, located in the district of Icoaraci, Located in Belém-Pará, had been used to discriminate possible differences between bubaline and bovine, abated females during the year of 2007. The registers of alive weight had been used to separate the sample in light and weighed females, separately in each species, using as threshold the corresponding value the median of the alive weight in each species. Thus, four groups of females, bubalinas and bovine, light and weighed had been composites. For comparison between female vectors of averages of the weights alive, weights hot carcass, left and right hot carcass, weight of the cold carcass, front weight, back weight, weight tip-of-needle and weight leather, between bubaline and bovine, light and weighed, it was used procedures of multivaried inference. The results had disclosed the heterogeneities for the weight of abate of the animals, inside and between species, having a clear-cut standard of ideal weight to it does not abate it. Bubaline had gotten greaters weights for carcass component, when compared with the females of the bovine group. Excepting the weight of the cold carcass and the tip of needle, bubaline of the group weighed, had gotten comparative average greater when to the light group. Inside of the group of bovine females it did not have difference statistics for the weight of carcass cold (P<0,01). It is verified that, in average, bovine had presented greater income, except for the front. The intra-racial Groups had been presented significantly different between itself (P). On the other hand, it was not verified intra-racial differences for the incomes of carcaças hot, cold carcass, front and back pernil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparação entre o TRIS, Lactose/TRIS, Ringer-Lactato e Leite Desnatado como diluidores na criopreservação do sêmen bubalino
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-29) MIYASAKI, Michel Yoshio Almeida; VALE, William Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7486151987920142
The objective of this experiment was to test the effectiveness of different extenders, the basis of Ringer Lactate, Skim Milk, TRIS (hydroxymethyl-amino-methil Methan) and Lactose/TRIS, the cryopreservation of buffalo semen. We used three male Murrah buffaloes in full sexual activity. The semen was collected by artificial vagina total of 71 ejaculates. After harvest, each sample was subjected to qualitative and quantitative analyzes of semen. The ejaculates were split and diluted in four extenders. The diluted semen was stored in straws of 0,25 mL and subjected to an equilibration time of up to four hours at 5°C, with subsequent freezing in liquid nitrogen. The identified samples were thawed in a water bath at a temperature of 40°C for 30 seconds and subsequently evaluated for motility, vigor, acrosome damage, and percentage of sperm pathologies. The samples were also tested with heat-resistance, while remaining incubated at 40°C for 30 seconds, 3-5 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours, which were evaluated for motility and spermatic . The physico-chemical, after fresh semen analysis, were within the prescribed values for buffaloes and satisfactory for the freezing process. After thawing the semen, observed numerical reduction (p<0,05) in sperm motility, with fresh semen was found 86,67±6,17% decreasing to 70±6,92% in TRIS, 67,4±8,01% in Ringer/lactate, 67,09±9,03% in Lactose/TRIS and 59,7±9,05% in skim milk and to compare between the four treatments only the skimmed milk showed a statistically significant difference (p<0,05). After thawing, spermatic vigor also decreased significantly (p<0,05) in four treatments (3,50±0,53 TRIS, 3,38±0,49 Ringer's lactate, 3,3±0,46 Lactose/TRIS and 3,25±0,44 Skim milk) versus (4±0,39 fresh semen) and when comparing between treatment, only between skimmed milk and TRIS was no statistical difference (p<0,05). As for the larger defects (4,15±1,9% fresh semen; 10,51±4,4% TRIS, 11,94±4,2% Ringer's lactate, 11,88±4,8% Lactose/TRIS; 12,01±5% skim milk), smaller (3,81±1,2% fresh semen and 4,67±1,1% TRIS, 4,98±1,7% Ringer's lactate, 4,93±2,0% Lactose/TRIS, 4,93±2,0% skimmed milk) and total (7,91±2,1% fresh semen; 15,18±4,7% TRIS, 16,92±4,8% Ringer's lactate, 16,82±5,6% Lactose/TRIS, 17,11±5,6% skimmed milk), after thawing showed a significant increase of defects in the four treatments (p<0,05), and among them were not statistically different between groups (p>0,05). In the post-TTR after 3 hours of incubation, progressive motility (21,13±7,5% TRIS; Ringer lactate 20,78±7,4%; Lactose/TRIS 20,25±5,3%; Skimmed milk 20,12±6,6%) and spermatic vigor (TRIS 2,04±0,5, Ringer Lactate 2,07±0,5, Lactose/TRIS 2,02±0,4, 2 skim milk, 2,00±0,5) showed no statistical difference between treatments (p<0,05). As for intergridade acrosome after thawing (semen in natura 97,85,±0,6%; TRIS 91,65±4,3%, Ringer-Lactate 90,46±4,8%; Lactose/TRIS 89,76±5,4%; Skimmed milk 90,56±5,6%), decreased (p<0,05) and when comparing this parameter between treatments was not observed statistically significant differences between the treatment (p>0,05). Given the observed results we conclude that the freezing of buffalo semen extenders with TRIS (Tris-hydroxy-methyl-amino-Methan), Ringer Lactate, Lactose / TRIS and skimmed milk showed satisfactory function in cryoprotection of sperm viability semen in different stages of cryopreservation.