Navegando por Assunto "Cognition"

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos agudos do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade e do alongamento estático na memória de trabalho visuoespacial, desempenho matemático e variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em crianças com ansiedade matemática
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-17) DOMINGUES, Mauro Roberto de Souza; GONÇALVES, Tadeu Oliver; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6789250569319668; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-5853; TORRES NETO, João Bento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7874863858825807; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9155-9445
Mathematical anxiety (MA) is a specific phobia, when faced with situations involving numbers or solving mathematical problems. Evidence has demonstrated the beneficial effects of physical exercise in reducing general anxiety and increasing cognitive performance in executive functions and mathematics in children. At the moment, we know that there are still no studies on the possible cognitive benefits and mathematical performance of exercise in children with AM. General Objective: To investigate the acute effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Static Stretching (AE) on Visuospatial Working Memory (MTV), Mathematical Arithmetic Performance (MDT) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in school children from 9 to 12 years with math anxiety. Methodological procedures: The Elementary Mathematical Anxiety Scale (MARS-E) was used to classify children into high and low MA. Then, through a randomized crossover trial, different parameters: MTV, TDM and HRV were monitored before and after a HIIT or AE session, with 64 schoolchildren (33 female), from the public school system in the city of Belém- SHOVEL. Data were analyzed by estimation statistics for confidence interval, effect size and significance (p ≤ 0.05). Results: After HIIT, there was an improvement in MTV performance in the group of children with low AM (d= 0.426, p ≤ 0.05) and improvement in MDT for children with low AM (d= 0.217, p ≤ 0.05) and with high AM (d= 0.194, p ≤ 0.05). A similar result in the improvement of MDD was observed after performing an AE session in the group with low AM (d= 0.19, p ≤ 0.05) and with high AM (d= 0.209, p ≤ 0.05). The nonlinear HRV results showed that both children with low MA (d= 0.574, p ≤ 0.05) and high MA (d= 0.673, p ≤ 0.01) showed an increase in SampEn in the post-EA condition during the realization of TDM. Conclusion: HIIT may improve executive function for less anxious children, but not AE. Performing HIIT and AE exercises can provide conditions for children to improve math performance. The AE proved to be an important candidate to increase the complexity of HRV, contributing to the improvement of mathematical performance. The findings of this research point to promising paths to the need to include physical exercise in the daily school life of children with mathematical anxiety, in order to promote improvements in both mental health, cognitive level and school performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A exposição prolongada ao fluoreto durante a adolescência à fase adulta modula o proteoma hipocampal e gera danos cognitivos associados a um padrão neurodegenerativo no hipocampo de camundongos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-19) BITTENCOURT, Leonardo de Oliveira; GOMES, Bruna Puty Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3013433540155834; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5570-8530; LIMA, Rafael Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3512648574555468; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-1486-4013
Fluoride (F) is used in artificial water fluoridation due to its anticariogenic activity, but it is also present in soils and natural reservoirs due natural high levels or anthropogenic actions, featuring it as a potential environment toxicant. In addition to skeletal and dental fluorosis in people living in regions with high F levels, some studies have explored the association between F exposure and cognitive damages, and although the evidences have indicated that only high levels pose a deleterious effect on cognition, a heated debated has grown regarding the safety of water supply artificial fluoridation. In this way, this study investigated whether long-term F exposure, from adolescence to adulthood, under the paradigms of water fluoridation and environmental issue, would be associated with memory and learning impairments in mice, and unravel molecular and morphological aspects involved. For this, 21-days-old mice received for 60 days, 10mg/L or 50mg/L of F in drinking water; the control group received only water without addition of F. Then, the cognitive functions were assessed by the Morris Water Maze and Inhibitory Step-down Avoidance test, followed blood and hippocampus collection for plasma F level determination, and hippocampal global proteomic profile analysis by Mass Spectrometry. Some animals were perfused for immunohistochemical analyses of mature neurons density in CA1, CA3, hilus and dentate gyrus (DG) regions. The results indicated that prolonged exposure to F from adolescence to adulthood increased plasma F bioavailability, and the higher F concentration triggered short- and long-term memory impairments, being associated with the modulation of the global proteomic profile, and a neurodegenerative pattern in the CA3 and DG regions. Our data, in a translational perspective, gives evidences of potential molecular targets of F neurotoxicity in the hippocampus and reinforces the safety of low fluoride concentration exposure, besides the need for attention of people living in endemic regions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Parkinson pai d’égua: protocolo de danças amazônicas sobre os parâmetros não motores e motores em pessoas com Parkinson
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-25) COSTA, Carla Luana Alves; HAAS, Aline Nogueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600425096998622; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4583-0668; MONTEIRO, Elren Passos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920248966438368; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7757-6620
Introduction: In Parkinson's disease, dopaminergic neurons degenerate. Dance has been shown to be a non-pharmacological intervention for PD symptoms. However, the benefits are mostly assessed in motor symptoms. However, it is believed that the characteristics of Amazonian dances can be a stimulus for improving and/or maintaining the motor and non motor symptoms of PD. However, no studies with Amazonian dances in people with Parkinson's were found Methods: The aim of the study was to analyze the responses of Amazonian dances and cultural manifestations on the non-motor symptoms of global cognition, mood, depressive symptoms and quality of life in people with Parkinson's in the Amazon region and to evaluate an intra-group control period of Health Education and compare it with the effects of dances. This is a longitudinal study. Participants will be people with Parkinson's of both sexes, stage 1 to 4 on the Hoehn and Yahr scale. The volunteers took part in evaluations before and after the Health Education period, Protocol and follow up. The data was collected and tabulated in Excel, and analyzed using SPSS software version 27.0. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the sample, and Generalized Estimating Equations to compare moments, groups and subtypes of PD. In addition, the effect size was calculated using Edges' d. Results When analyzing depressive symptoms, significant differences were found for the Group factor (p=0.049) and the ES intervention (7.00±1.15; 6.50±0.96). When we analyzed mood states by domains, for the Anger domain, the Group (p= 0.35) and Time (p= 0.66) factors did not show significant values. For global cognitive function, significant differences were found for the Group factor (p<0.001).Conclusion: The present study shows benefits of the Health Education Program of the Amazonian Dances and Cultural Manifestations protocol for PcP in non-motor symptoms of depressive symptoms in both interventions. This indicates that Amazonian dances and cultural manifestations can be used with caution for the rehabilitation of non-motor and motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relative age effect on the reaction time of soccer players under 13 years old
(Universidade Estadual Paulista, 2015-06) PENNA, Eduardo Macedo; MELLO, Marco Túlio de; FERREIRA, Renato Melo; MORAES, Luiz Carlos Couto de Albuquerque; COSTA, Varley Teoldo da
The relative age effect, which is the advantage obtained by an athlete born closer to the beginning of the selection year, has been shown to be an important variable in the development of soccer players. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the season of birth on the choice reaction time (CRT) of elite soccer athletes in the under 13 years of age category. Seventy-six athletes participated who were 13.36 ± 0.45 years old. The volunteers were tested with a CRT test, and the results were divided according to the semester of birth (S1 or S2). We conducted a t-test in order to compare the results between groups and a Pearson correlation analysis to verify the associations between variables. The results indicated no differences in reaction time (r= .033 and p = .772) or movement time (r = .0073 and p = .530). It was concluded that for this population, the season of birth does not influence the performance of the capabilities tested.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Respostas do pilates em dupla tarefa sobre parâmetros cognitivos e funcionais de mulheres pós-menopáusicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-17) SILVA, Daniel José Fontel da; TORRES, Natáli Valim Oliver Bento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1927198788019996; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-211X
Aging may cause morphological and functional changes that may lead to decrease on physical functional and cognitive performance throughout aging, particularly on post-menopausal women. The performance in situations of divided attention (dual-task) may be reduced with advancing age, favoring the risk of falls and limiting functionality. The Pilates method is a form of physical exercise that combines strength and balance training and promotes improvement on these physical fitness variables in older adults. Considering the available evidence that dual- task training may promote additional benefits to the exercises performed isolated, including the prevention and/or improvement of cognitive decline associated with age, this study aimed to propose and evaluate the effects of a dual-task protocol composed of mat Pilates and Cognitive stimulation (PILATES-COG) on healthy, community-dwelling post-menopausal older women, compared to a group that received health education related materials. This is a non-randomized controlled trial, 47 women participated in this study (PILATES-COG =22; Control= 22), with amenorrhea for at least 12 months, and performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination compatible with normality, adjusted for schooling. Twenty-four sessions of solo Pilates were held, 2x week, during approximately 50 minutes, in classes, involving mat exercises and simultaneous cognitive tasks. Memory assessment (Word List, Delayed Recall and Recognition of the CERAD battery - Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease), language (Semantic and Phonological Verbal Fluency), balance (mini-BESTest), lower-limb muscle strength (Chair Sit-to-Stand Test), functional mobility (Timed Up and Go test – TUG; TUG with dual-task – TUG DT) and Dual-Task Cost (DT Cost). Two-way mixed ANOVA was used for data analysis, and Bonferroni was used as post-hoc to perform intra- and inter-group comparisons. Effect sizes were described with partial eta squared. Our results show that the main effects of Time were found for both Semantic Fluency (p = 0.002) and Phonological Fluency (p = 0.002), Immediate memory (p < 0.001) and Evocation Memory (p < 0.001), lower- limb muscle strength (p<0.001), balance (p<0.001) dual-task gait speed (p=0.023) and DT cost (p=0.012). Main effects of Group were found for lower-limb muscle strength, balance, TUG, TUG DT, speed in one and dual-task (p<0.001). There was interaction between Time and Group for language (p=0.017) as well as Balance and Lower-limb muscle strength (p=0.015; p=0.008). In the intragroup comparison, the participants on the Pilates group showed improvement after the intervention for the assessment of Language (p<0.001), Memory (p=0.001), Lower-limb muscle strength (p<0.001), balance (p<0.001) and DT Cost (p<0.05). The dual-task intervention, composed of mat Pilates exercises and cognitive stimulation, improved language, memory, lower limb muscle endurance and balance in postmenopausal women. We suggest this protocol may be a viable and effective strategy to reduce age-related cognitive decline and improve physical functional performance in healthy postmenopausal women.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A rotina e o perfil cognitivo de crianças com e sem transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-06-10) MACEDO, Cleidson Felipe Damasceno de; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
The objective of this study was evaluate the routine as well as cognitive profile of children with or without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder diagnosis. 30 children in the experimental group (EG) and 30 children in the control group (CG), between 8 and 12 years old were evaluated. The data was acquired from a health center and public schools in Belém, Pa. The following instruments were used: The clinical and socio-demographic questionnaire; The Occupational Routine inventory was filled out by caregivers and children to describe the Routine; The SNAP IV interview guide was used to track symptoms and; The WISC IVto assess the cognitive profile. The results showed that the average values obtained in Verbal Understanding (ICV), Perceptual Organization (IOP), Processing Speed (IVP) and Total IQ index were statistically equal for both groups. However, GE obtained a lower performance than the GC regarding the Operational Memory Index (IMO). Routine results revealed no statistical differences between two groups. In addition, it was observed that children in both groups spent more time on rest activities, showing higher level of satisfaction, as well as leisure, pointing out these activities as irrelevant. Both groups had difficulty with Homework category, important information to understand the routine of children with ADHD. This study showed important contributions to the literature, having as main findings the similarities concerning the routine and cognitive profile between children with or without the characteristics of disorder. Further studies with larger populations are suggested to improve the understanding concerning this theme.