Navegando por Assunto "Comunidades agrícolas"

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adaptação à variabilidade climática e a eventos extremos de precipitação no meio rural amazônico: Alenquer, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06-22) BARRETO, Priscilla Nascimento; SZLAFSZTEIN, Claudio Fabian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1348005678649555
The meteorological phenomena that affect local populations, such as floods and droughts have always struck large areas of agricultural production. In 2005, Amazon suffered one of its worst droughts ever recorded, and in 2009, the town of Alenquer, located in the Lower Amazon, suffered from the flooding of the rivers that surround its territory. There is a tendency for increased frequency and severity of occurrence of these extreme phenomena, leading to growing concerns about exposure and vulnerability of populations. The intensity and frequency of extreme events - floods and droughts, possibly associated with climate change, have had many repercussions in contemporary societies, becoming increasingly crucial to prevent and mitigate their effects. In this vein, the mitigation of risk associated with floods have favored the use of technical measures of a corrective nature rather than preventive measures, usually not structural in nature, such as regulation of land use or the adoption of mitigation / prevention by populations. Since the exclusion, or at least the low adoption of non-structural mitigation measures, has been one of the causes for the failure to combat the effects of floods. To evaluate people’s perception and knowledge face the risk of flooding and its worsening by the influence of climate change can contribute to adaptation strategies to the local context. On the basis of a questionnaire and open interviews, this paper discusses the importance of knowing the population’s perception in face of climate change risk and occurrence of extreme events like floods and droughts, aimed at effective implementation of measures and regulations of soil use, against the persistent tendency to occupy hazardous areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O agronegócio da soja e o direito fundamental de acesso à propriedade dos povos tradicionais em Santarém - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-10) BARBOSA, Jonismar Alves; MOREIRA, Eliane Cristina Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7471628624621314
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Antes a gente tinha um rio, agora a gente tem um lago: a construção do território ribeirinho às margens do reservatório do CHE Belo Monte
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-03-27) GRAÇA, Denise da Silva; SANTOS, Sônia Maria Simões Barbosa Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2136454393021407
The construction of hydroelectric power plants causes a process of deterritorialization and reterritorialization of traditional communities. This work aims to analyse the construction of the riverside territory, i.e., the ways used to reconstruct living in a destroying environment, post-installation of CHE Belo Monte. Therefore, a case study was carried out in the locality of Palhal, on the banks of the main reservoir, in the municipality of Altamira, in Pará, using participant observation and interviews. Riverside families have been through a violent process of compulsory displacement, full of human rights violations. Thus, the families were looking for ways to denounce and to recover the traditional way of life and that starts a movement which culminated in the creation of the riverside territory. The beginning of construction of the new territory has been marked, mainly, by the new attribution of meanings to the space; by the updates of traditional knowledge to appropriate the new environment; by the for the reconstruction of parentage networks and reciprocity; and by the use of moral values to regulate access to the scarce natural resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Danos socioambientais da dendeicultura na microrregião de Tomé-Açu, PA.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-29) MONTEIRO NETO, Albertino; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
Oil palm cultivation is a spatial process fostered by actions between the State and the business sector, enabling the expansion of oil palm cultivation in the Amazon. As a research focus, we argue that oil palm cultivation emerges as a central activity in monoculture expansion in the Amazon, bringing a series of socio-environmental damages, especially in the Tomé-Açu Microrregion (MRTA). The research consists of a multifaceted analysis, from the historical context and set of laws that facilitated the expansion of oil palm plantations, to the application of advanced geoprocessing techniques and remote sensing to detect and understand changes in land cover and land use. Thus, the general objective is to understand the expansion of oil palm cultivation as a source of socio-environmental damages in the Tomé-Açu Microrregion, PA. The chapters of this dissertation were written in the format of scientific articles, corresponding to chapters 2, 3, and 4. The study area is the Tomé-Açu Microrregion, in northeastern Pará, and we used the Arauaí settlement and the Jambuaçu quilombola territory as clipped portions from the study area. The methodology consisted of literature review, supervised classification of satellite images, and field visits to communities impacted by oil palm cultivation. We perceive the persistence of the discourse promising economic and social integration of rural areas adapted to oil palm cultivation. There is no room for discussion of alternative proposals for rural economic integration, nor is the peasant way of life considered in the conception of integration projects. Geoprocessing techniques proved to be efficient in identifying oil palm plantations and detecting deforestation associated with the expansion of oil palm monocultures. Between 1988 and 2023, 32,322 hectares of forests (primary and secondary) were converted into oil palm plantations in the MRTA. Family farmers associated with the production chain are irreversibly linked to oil palm cultivation. Residents of Jambuaçu suffer from pressure on the territory caused by industrial oil palm cultivation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Danos socioambientais da dendeicultura na microrregião de Tomé-Açu, PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-29) MONTEIRO NETO, Albertino; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7791-9240
Oil palm cultivation is a spatial process fostered by actions between the State and the business sector, enabling the expansion of oil palm cultivation in the Amazon. As a research focus, we argue that oil palm cultivation emerges as a central activity in monoculture expansion in the Amazon, bringing a series of socio-environmental damages, especially in the Tomé-Açu Microrregion (MRTA). The research consists of a multifaceted analysis, from the historical context and set of laws that facilitated the expansion of oil palm plantations, to the application of advanced geoprocessing techniques and remote sensing to detect and understand changes in land cover and land use. Thus, the general objective is to understand the expansion of oil palm cultivation as a source of socio-environmental damages in the Tomé-Açu Microrregion, PA. The chapters of this dissertation were written in the format of scientific articles, corresponding to chapters 2, 3, and 4. The study area is the Tomé-Açu Microrregion, in northeastern Pará, and we used the Arauaí settlement and the Jambuaçu quilombola territory as clipped portions from the study area. The methodology consisted of literature review, supervised classification of satellite images, and field visits to communities impacted by oil palm cultivation. We perceive the persistence of the discourse promising economic and social integration of rural areas adapted to oil palm cultivation. There is no room for discussion of alternative proposals for rural economic integration, nor is the peasant way of life considered in the conception of integration projects. Geoprocessing techniques proved to be efficient in identifying oil palm plantations and detecting deforestation associated with the expansion of oil palm monocultures. Between 1988 and 2023, 32,322 hectares of forests (primary and secondary) were converted into oil palm plantations in the MRTA. Family farmers associated with the production chain are irreversibly linked to oil palm cultivation. Residents of Jambuaçu suffer from pressure on the territory caused by industrial oil palm cultivation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento da floricultura tropical paraense: uma análise dos fatores locais de inovação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) RIOS ARÉVALO, Michelly; PONTE, Marcos Ximenes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0120823127408114
The aim of this study was the interaction of specific social communities in the tropical floriculture agglomeration of Pará. The focus was local producers in direct interaction with other agents of the sector in order to value local factors of innovation in tropical floriculture. Although tropical floriculture has a lower economic representation than temperate floriculture (found in other regions of Brazil) in the local scenario, in the short time it has been established, it has been considered by different public and private agents as an important economic activity for the state of Pará. However, there is evidence of agents who focus on social organizations, an alternative that reduces the “production costs” and the “transaction costs” of different activities that this sector demands. Among the communities studied are: the Benevides Florists Association(AFLORBEN), The Santo Antônio Agricultural Cooperative (COOPSANT), The Flower Producers Association of Santa Bárbara (TROPISAN), The Microproducers Association of Castanhal (BARREIRÃO), The Pará Association of Floriculture and Medicinal Plants (PARÁFLOR); and finally, the communities and/or agents that make up the commercial and institutional floricultural scene (The Social Network of the Local Flower Agglomeration of the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belém). This last community was responsible for the implementation of the central object of the study, where the relevant organizational processes that value the factors of local innovation and their impact on the sustainable development of the sector were integrated. The methodology was based on the analysis of the social capital and of social networks, with an aim to recover the structure and functionality of the local society in relation to a dynamic and competitive market like floriculture itself. The results show that the organizational processes minimize the costs of transaction and help these social groups to remain on the market, and, therefore, value the tropical brand of flowers. Finally, it is suggested that more integrating and far-reaching processes be prioritized in order to strengthen this local activity even more.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modo de vida e o manejo de açaizais nas várzeas do rio Mazagão, município de Mazagão-AP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-15) MATOS FILHO, João Ramos de; MANESCHY, Rosana Quaresma; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5914095913079907; LOPES, Luis Otávio do Canto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1013147545099173
The expansion of market interests established important changes in the lifestyle of coastal communities around the acai economy. The management of açai is an important economic activity and livelihood of coastal gatherers living in the floodplains of the Amazon estuary. However, the intensification of the fruit collection and indiscriminate removal of native species of management areas could cause significant environmental changes in the floodplains. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the lifestyle and their relationship with the native açai management systems of Foz de Mazagão Old community, Mazagão-AP municipality. The predominant vegetation in the community is presented in the form of floodplain forest. The extraction is a very important role in the community's diet, and fishing one of its main activities, together with selective logging, palm heart extraction and collection mainly açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.). In the field work was used the ethnographic method with participant observation techniques, formal and informal interviews. In the interviews structured to collect socioeconomic data and the lifestyle previously developed and tested forms were used, with open and closed questions, made orally and individually to people who responded the same way. A survey of the main resources used for the survival of community bordering Foz de Mazagão Old, main agricultural crops (fields), fruit (yard), timber, medicinal plants used, consumed fish and/or sold, bred animals, including others, through interviews using pre-designed forms. During visits to açai and open interviews with the owner, it was observed the management systems used and were classified into four types: intensive management, intermediate, moderate and without management. All of them were related to acai extraction dynamics, considering labor relations, as well as commercial agents and the circulation of açai. Through the crossing of this information was revealed that the market demand for the acai fruit is changing the lifestyle bordering Foz de Mazagão Old, prioritizing increasingly the activities related to the management and creating an increasing dependence of açai. Although the idea of sustainability of açai managed in the floodplains, a large-scale expansion of this practice in the riverine communities of Amapá State, as has occurred in Foz de Mazagão Old hides high environmental risks in the medium and long deadlines, mainly due to the completion of the deforestation "green", which do not use heat to promote torn down and a relative homogenization of vegetation in floodplains.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sociedades de economia natural na Amazônia: uma reflexão crítica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-29) BELO, Patrícia de Sales; NASCIMENTO, Nádia Socorro Fialho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0757907626776627
This paper aims to examine critically the notion of traditional communities in the region of Old Juruti, Juruti under Project Settlement Project (PAE) conducted by the Regional Superintendent of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) in Santarém. presenting as a theoretical definition of natural economy and society of relative surplus population. For the preparation of this research used interviews, analysis, documentation and bibliography. It was concluded that these communities affected by the project are in many cases, expelled from its territory and migrate to cities in search of better working conditions and contributing to the increase of the reserve army of capital and the dissolution of its traditional appearance.