Navegando por Assunto "Conflict"

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Justiça restaurativa: ampliando suas fronteiras para o direito de família
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-14) SOARES, Cynthia Fernanda Oliveira; COSTA, Rosalina Moitta Pinto da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5469957203750291; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3673-6912
Family conflicts are complex and are growing in scale related to several aspects, such as psychological, behavioral, moral, cultural and economic, leading to the massification of judicialization due to the actors involved not being able to reach a consensual resolution. This fact also generates the possibility of other conducts arising from the absence of this consensus with consequences, including criminal ones. This research aimed to verify the possibility of applicability of Restorative Justice in conflicts of Family Law whether judicial or not, observing its specificities so that the methodological approach could be applied satisfactorily. As a methodology, qualitative empirical research with a hermeneutic focus was chosen. In the phase of restorative justice interventions in concrete cases, the peacebuilding circle method was applied, according to the methodology described by Pranis (2011). First, a bibliographic documentary survey was carried out on restorative justice, family conflicts, restorative practices, projects and legislative policy. Then, the choice of cases for interventions to be carried out, with cases of family conflict that were under the responsibility of the Nucleus of Legal Practice (NPJ) of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) being selected; the Court of Justice of the State of Pará (TJPA) of Belém, through the 4th and 5th Family Courts; Permanent Nucleus of Consensus Methods for Conflict Resolution (NUPEMEC), and the Judiciary Center for Conflict Resolution and Citizenship (CEJUSC) of the Capital and Ananindeua, totaling 14 interventions. Which followed the following steps: pre-circle, peace-building circle and post circle, when possible. After analyzing the interventions, the results were: five fully restorative cases; four partially restorative cases; and five non-restorative cases. Given the above, it is observed that the resolution of family conflicts through Restorative Justice is fully possible and even recommendable, providing the actors involved with the opportunity to reach a consensual, humanized and democratic solution, based on dialogue and active listening , enabling a safe environment for the discussion of difficult and painful matters that meets the needs of the parties, generating obligations in relation to the damage caused, making them assume their responsibilities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Povos Indígenas na cidade de Boa Vista: estratégias identitárias e demandas políticas em contexto urbano
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-06) MELO, Luciana Marinho de; ALENCAR, Edna Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7555559649274791
In this research, I deal with strategies for the ethnic recognition of the indigenous peoples from Boa Vista city, Roraima. This struggle is attributable to the State's refusal to recognize the ethnic belonging of self-declared indigenous people residing in an urban context, preventing their access to indigenous policies. This situation led to the creation of three organizations presided over by Macuxi and Wapichana leaderships, such as the City Indigenous Organization, Kapói Indigenous Association and Kuaikrî Indigenous Association, which present different strategies as a way of legitimizing ethnic belonging and aim, in general terms, the communion in the constitutional rights directed to the native peoples. The intention of this study is to identify the political strategies built around the ethnic identities of the Macuxi and Wapichana peoples of Boa Vista through the indigenous movement. By political outlines, I refer to the discursive and symbolic resources triggered in the construction of reclamation patterns, which are elaborated within organizations. The first hypothesis I propose to discuss about this issue is that the criteria and mechanisms adopted by the State agents become more restrictive and exclusive inasmuch as the indigenous movement in an urban context appropriates them. The second hypothesis is that the State's refusal to recognize ethnic identity reflects a strategically constructed stance that acquits it from responsibilities towards indigenous peoples. The ethnographic rummage focused mainly on the meetings and assemblies promoted by the organizations and made possible the analysis about the political construction of ethnic identities, the appropriation of the city as a place of ancestry, struggles, resistance, negotiations and dialogues led by leaders. The results of the analyzes demonstrate that the conflticting relationship with the State has as a consequence the strengthening of the urban indigenous movement and the emergence of new leaderships that aim not only to reverse the situation of ethnic invisibility in a city that has approximately 31,000 indigenous self-declared people, but political participation, including partisan participation. In this study, the theories on Ethnic Ethnicity and Identity, as well as ethnological studies, were primordial to this research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quando o pesquisador e o sujeito da pesquisa são um: reflexividade quilombola sobre pesca, conflito e disputa na RESEX Ipaú-Anilzinho e TQ de Joana Peres (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-26) RIBEIRO FILHO, Manoel Machado; CAÑETE, Voyner Ravena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9961199993740323; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-3086
When considering the looks full of meanings that pass through me, as I am a quilombola, born, raised in the quilombo and today working in a place of leadership, of a minority that seeks to communicate with the hegemonic society in a relationship without hierarchies, I bring my speech in this writing. By bringing my speech in this text, my memories, my belonging and experiences are present from the beginning to the end of this dissertation. Thinking and writing like this, this study comprises an autoethnography, which for Miranda (2022, p. 71) is understood “as a cultural analysis elaborated through personal narrative, where it is possible to develop a critical lens in an inside-outside praxis, of way to understand who we are in our communities.” In this context, I come to talk about the tensions that shape new relationships in the process of new delimitation of the territory in the context of the Extractive Reserve (RESEX) and Quilombola Territory (TQ), in conflict scenarios that came to be established and mark this relationship, particularly considering fishing activity and the community of Anilzinho. Joana Peres and Anilzinho are the only quilombola communities, of the six that make up RESEX, created on June 14, 2005. Two quilombola territories, pre-defined over time by leaders and fishermen, being joined to the same RESEX territory, from of its creation. While the territory of the Anilzinho community was included in its entirety in the RESEX, with regard to my quilombo village of Joana Peres, the RESEX divided its territory, part of the community area is inside the RESEX, the other is not, which goes beyond the surroundings of the unit.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resistência e expropriação de famílias na Volta Grande do Xingu: o caso de duas áreas atingidas pela barragem de Belo Monte, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-28) MAIA, Ricardo Eduardo Freitas; GUERRA, Gutemberg Armando Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4262726973211880
This study made it possible to detail the mobilization against the construction of Belo Monte Hydroelectric Dam, from two distinct locations in Volta Grande do Xingu. Twenty six interviews have been made from May to July, 2012. The resistance against the construction of Belo Monte Dam spans over two decades, and it has gone through phases where there were position changes of the actors involved regarding the project, including the civil organizations. Regarding the peasants, these changes have dramatically influenced the way the conflict began, especially because their perception of the project depends upon the experience lived in the cited areas. In the municipality of São Raimundo Nonato and on the rural road connecting Ramal dos Penas, the mobilization turned possible due to the fear of changes, such as, losing their land and their production, the changes in their singular social relations grown in the area, the control in food production; however, such resistance emerged especially in those forced to leave the area, and the confrontations have been undermined fundamentally by the rapid social and environmental transformations after the beginning of the construction. In the areas named Ressaca, Garimpo do Galo and Ilha da Fazenda, one may notice that apart from the issues concerning the dam construction, there is the pressure as a result of the implementation of the mining project named Mineração Volta Grande. These expropriation fronts seem to increase even more the conflicts due to the changes in the construction area and the imminent displacement that may occur because of the mining project. Therefore, this study provides elements to the debate over other large investment projects that have undergone project or construction in the Amazon, followed by the peacemaking debate, the irreducibility in the construction, and consequently the natural displacement of residents for the progress and the common good, that overshadows lives and broaden social injustices.