Navegando por Assunto "Desenvolvimento urbano sustentável"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise socioambiental do município de Belém, Pará: elementos para uma sustentabilidade urbana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-01-17) MOREIRA, Fernanda da Silva de Andrade; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4813399912998401
In recent centuries, the world witnessed "economic progress" at the expense of the exploitation of natural resources and significant urban growth, almost always disorderly, forming unprepared cities that can not manage properly and thus welcome the huge human contingent and absorb the social demands, making their populations vulnerable. In the city of Belém, which is one of the great cities of the Amazon, with more than one million inhabitants, the population is subject to a series of ills. The territory is permeated by a series of problems, be it social, economic and / or environmental, which prevents the city from reconciling the human-nature relationship and reaching the long-awaited sustainability. Thus, the present work aimed to map the social and environmental conditions of the city of Belém, on a macro scale, and a comparative analysis of two neighborhoods of the urban spot, Guamá and Nazaré, and based on this diagnosis, indicate Urban Planning methodology, which make that relationship compatible. The results pointed to precarious environmental and social conditions in the city of Belém, especially in the urban spot, which presents an urban space marked by degradation. These inadequate conditions can and should be addressed through Public Policies that incorporate environmental issues into their agendas, including the participation of society in decision making. Going further, it is necessary to guarantee apparatuses for an effective inspection of public organs, as well as of all citizens.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cidade sustentável para a água: a sustentabilidade do sistema urbano de abastecimento de água no distrito sede de Macapá-AP
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06-24) OLIVEIRA, Odiléia Cardoso; BASTOS, Rodolpho Zahluth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0697476638482653; MORAES, Sérgio Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568311568729454
In the management interface of water resources to the management of sanitation services and the sustainability of cities, this research has the main focus of analysis as the urban system of water supply in Macapa kept pace with population growth and urbanization of the municipality in terms of a sustainable city. The specific objectives were to map the city of Macapa within the historical context of population growth and urbanization; identify and characterize the urban system of water supply, pointing out the areas served and missed; analyze the sustainability of the urban supply system, considering the environmental, social, economic and institutional aspects, proposing appropriate measures to improve the management of water services, based on sustainable management of the use of water resources. The methodology was based on a case study involving a qualitative approach, using techniques of direct and indirect documentation, as well as intensive and extensive direct observation. The results show that the management of sanitation services in Macapa is not taking place in a planned and integrated manner. The population grew, the city expanded over the past few decades, however, the water supply system has not kept pace with growth, with large deficit of care to the population. In all aspects we analyzed it was found the unsustainability of the system. The Company of Water and Sewage of Amapa has as its main feature a large inefficiency, presenting over the last decade very low levels of coverage of water supply services in addition to high physical and commercial losses, its debt capacity is exhausted. That’s why, it presents difficulties in managing and financing the expansion or modernization of the infrastructure itself, a necessary condition for the improvement of services offered. So there are still significant challenges to be overcome, the goal of universalizing services to the population in search of social justice and protection of natural resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cidades inteligentes: principais rankings e propostas de melhoria para São Luís, Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-11) COSTA, Belisa Souza; BATISTA, Clauderino da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1345689043203622
The concept of smart city has been spread, nowadays, as an adequate place for people to live, where technological resources cooperate with each other to generate well-being, social inclusion and participation of its inhabitants, in addition to the sustainability of the environment, and where there is sustainable growth, monitoring and integration of all infrastructure components; it is up to governments to optimize resources, preventive maintenance, ensuring security, while maximizing their services to citizens. There are international indexes that measure the level of development of cities, using criteria and dimensions that are very similar, although not all indexes use the same criteria and dimensions. Objetives: the present work is configured as an analysis of the main rankings that measure the conditions of the cities and classifies them as to the position between smart cities, aiming at improvement proposals for the city of São Luís, facing the reality of these cities, seeking quality of life, sustainability and respect for the environment. Methods: It uses the city of Curitiba as a national reference, considered first in 2018, in the Connected Smart Cities Ranking, while São Luís was not among the analyzed positions. Results: An intervention plan is proposed in order to make São Luís more competitive in terms of its classification as a smart and sustainable city, in the items urban mobility, environment, health, technology and innovation, and security. These items were consolidated in three strategic lines to organize the proposed interventions: Management x of public administration; Management of basic sanitation in a broad sense; Adequacy of the use of the territory and the relationships between the natural and the built environment, as well as their interferences on mobility in the municipality; in addition to the transversal theme of energy management, as a way of encouraging the generation of jobs and income, reduction of municipal public spending (public lighting, energy spent in the areas of health and education), combined with the application of sustainable practices and environmental sanitation. Conclusion: It was concluded that it is possible to transform São Luís into a smart and sustenaible city, through the proposed intervention plan, with investments and partnerships in order to achieve these goals, improving the quality of life of its inhabitants.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Gestão social de bens comuns urbanos no contexto da cidade justa, democrática e sustentável: o caso da orla do Portal da Amazônia, em Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-30) ALBUQUERQUE, Maria Claudia Bentes; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749; VASCONCELLOS SOBRINHO, Mário; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7843288526039148
The concepts of fair, democratic and sustainable city started to be drawn in the 1970s, from international events discussing urban sustainability. These concepts changed the way of thinking about the cities ownership and management. Brazil has incorporated the concept of type of cities in its legal system in the Constitution of 1988 and in the City Statute. Given this context, this research was guided by the following question: How is the management of common goods implemented taking into account the existence of a theoretical, legal and institutional foundation of fair, democratic and sustainable city? To understand how to operationalize such city model, this study also uses other elements extracted from the theories of Commons Resources Management from Ostrom (2011) and Social Management from Cançado, Pereira and Tenório (2015) from the case of the Portal da Amazônia waterfront, Belém (PA). The overall objective of the research was to analyze what the common goods management in urban areas is like, considering two theoretical frameworks: the fair, democratic and sustainable city concept and the theoretical precepts of Social Management. The research revealed that the variables participation and cooperation are points of convergence between the two theoretical frameworks used in this study. This result demonstrates the possibility to apply social management models for urban common goods. The research methodology is qualitative with analytical-descriptive and exploratory approaches. The chosen research method was the single case study. The empirical research has demonstrated that none of the applied criteria to evaluate participation and cooperation in the unit of analysis was in accordance with the theoretical models applied in the study. Data collected by documentary sources and interviews indicated distance between the theory and the observed reality, as well as insufficient initiative in the management of urban space, demonstrating that the concept of fair, democratic and sustainable city is not a reality in Belém yet. A conclusion from this analysis is that the current urban-environmental problems faced by the municipality derive from the process of formation of the city and its waterfronts. In addition, legislative weaknesses, inadequate theoretical and political conceptions of planning and of common urban resources management are contributing to increase private appropriation of public spaces that should be directed for collective use, hampering free access, ownership, usufruct and common resource management by the community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Sobreposição do planejamento urbano no território da comunidade quilombola do Abacatal (PA): a luta pela garantia da sustentabilidade da vida
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-20) CURCINO, Tássia Tamyres dos Anjos; GONÇALVES, Marcela Vecchione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9274854854102856
The UN conventions on environment and climate arise from the “need” to seek solutions to social, environmental and economic crises experienced by different countries around the world. Following the same idea, the UN-Habitat Convention bets on sustainable urban development as an alternative to these crises in the scope of cities. However, the way this development has been expressed in the transformation and in relation to the ways of living in cities is still connected to the maintenance of capitalist and proprietary means of production, compromising constituted social rights, especially the right to adequate housing in all its multiple possible meanings of living with dignity. This dissertation, based on the observation of some forms of extensive urbanization (MONTE-MÓR, 1994) on specific territorialities (LITTLE, 2002), has as guiding questions to understand what are the consequences of the UN-Habitat guidelines for sustainable urban development in policies management and land use planning in the municipalities of Belém and Ananindeua? And how do territorial policies, informed by a global logic of sustainable urban development, overlap with the quilombola territory of Abacatal, affecting and influencing the community's social practices? Through this, the research aims to analyze the consequences of the concept of sustainable urban development, as proposed by the UN-Habitat, present in public policies for housing and land regularization, on the territory of the Quilombola community of Abacatal (PA), reflecting on how urban operations linked to the Master Plans, such as those related to housing projects, and to reurbanization processes leading to infrastructure expansions such as the power transmission line, have been affecting daily life in the territory of Abacatal. Through this, the research aims to analyze the consequences of the concept of sustainable urban development, as proposed by the UN-Habitat, present in public policies for housing and land regularization, on the territory of the Quilombola community of Abacatal (PA), reflecting on how urban operations linked to the Managing Plans, such as those related to housing projects, and to reurbanization processes leading to infrastructure expansions such as the power transmission line, have been affecting daily life in the territory of Abacatal. We searched through documentary research on UN-Habitat documents, master plans and infrastructure projects in Belém, Marituba and Ananindeua, and also through participant observation at the time of elaboration of the Study of the Quilombola Component (ECQ) for the line , in the community, to observe this diversity of relationship with the (urban) land, which is associated with the production of social, economic and political processes in the community, as well as its social reproduction. It was found that there is an extensive urban area that conflicts with the existence of the community insofar as it constitutes an instrumental relationship with nature, even when for conservation reasons, maintaining an exclusive urban way of life, which is reproduces about the lived space of the community. The research showed that territorial and environmental management instruments, in addition to enabling extensive urbanization, also legitimize environmental crimes that degrade the material base of production and social reproduction of the community, which has non-instrumentalized relationships with nature. On the other hand, a collective movement of construction of the sustainability of community life was perceived, through the exercise of self-determination and autonomy to guarantee the permanence and good life on earth, according to ancestral knowledge and the defense of the territory of life, which collides with the sustainable urban agenda, present in state and municipal strategies, legitimized by narratives and agendas of international organizations.