Navegando por Assunto "Direito do trabalho"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ação afirmativa para o trabalhador velho(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-12-19) SILVA JÚNIOR, Paulo Isan Coimbra da; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ampliação do intervalo intrajornada: um dano existencial(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-21) TUMA, Márcio Pinto Martins; NASSAR, Rosita de Nazaré Sidrim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092928958819725Since the appearance and consolidation of capitalism as a way of predominant production in the World, the work time was the main question from the conflicts between the working class and capital, situation that endures until the present date, according to the statistics of Judiciary Labor Power. In that context, the present work was dedicated specially to investigate the legal discussion related to the chronological time of work, notedly about the possibility of ampliation, by collective rule, of maximum level of intra journey interval foreseen in art.17, caput of CLT. Were used , to attainment the proposed goal, the bibliography search in books, periodicals and scientific magazines, beyond the test of preceding of the Superior Labor Court and field research consubstantiated in interviews realized with 400 workers linked at supermarket category and the hotels, bars and restaurants in Belém. The work is divided in three chapters and begins from the understanding of relation of environmental in general and environmental of labor and the relation with the work time, including from a historical perspective, that extends until today. The initial chapter also is dedicated to correlate work time with dignity from human person and the degrading work, besides to investigate the social function of working break and the reflexes to the life quality of worker and to the society as a whole. In the second chapter, the study falls on the legal prediction causing extend the labor interval and examining of your constitutionality, from a traditional hermeneutic, or by intermediate of a post positive exegesis. In sequence proceded the analysis of judged selected on jurisprudential search, coming from TST, from which the discussion moves to suggest the measures that could be adopted to modify the panorama jurisprudential that was pictured. Lastly, the third chapter, the research was dedicated to situate the existential damage in the universe of immaterial damages, conceptualizing and investigating the autonomy, to that, in the end, could to demonstrate the existential injury that was endured by workers in result of expansion the intraday interval, which was made starting the results obtained the field research with the categories selected.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Assédio moral como acidente de trabalho no meio ambiente laboral(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-22) BARROS, Nilson José Gomes; TUPINAMBÁ NETO, Hermes Afonso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6942043480134802Bullying is a topic that is part of the study field of labor law by interfering in labor relations and affect the performance of worker rights. This paper sets clear and indicate alternatives that can contribute to a new interpretation of the rules punitive labor law, starting with a new look, a new vision, based on a proposal for improving the quality of life of the worker. We carried out an explanation in the first chapter, where we discuss bullying at work, highlighting the history of workers in Brazil, as well as the concept and characteristics of bullying at work, causation and evidence of bullying, dealing with this aspect of reversal of the burden of proof in harassment. We focus on bullying as illegal labor and how the issue is being addressed in Brazilian legislation. Introducing the possibility of joining with state regressive action against companies that practice bullying, and at the end of the chapter we will approach the organizational bullying. The second chapter will deal with aspects of the accident at work, showing its concept and its features, showing its consequences as aid-accident stability of accident, making explanations on liability for accidents at work and the issue of compensation for moral damage due to accident at work, at this point discuss the technical link epidemiological and necessity issued by the cat (on accident), making the analogy of the concepts of accidents at work and bullying. In the third chapter, we highlight several aspects of the work environment which is inserted into the natural environment and ecosystems, according to the Constitution of 1988, casts wide legislation that protects the environment of work, we consider also the guiding principles of the Law work, highlighting the protection, equality and freedom, demonstrating the need to promote human dignity that underlies the Constitution of 1988. In the fourth chapter, we show our thesis, that bullying is a kind of accident at work, in order that the conceptual similarities in that both cause injury to employees arising from employment relationship, and both have the same need , that causation of injury, will be reflected in the employment relationship. At this point, we will make a hermeneutic approach, in which scientific concepts are exposed on depression and burnout syndrome as occupational disease, arising from bullying. In the last chapter, we present some measures to prevent bullying at work, including the trade union actions, state, highlighting the important role of the Ministry of Labor, as well as some preventive measures that companies can take to prevent bullying taking in order that its consequences are disastrous for workers and for organizations. The methodology involved literature search, consulting on Internet sites and bills. We conclude that we need laws that are tough on combating and prevention of situations of bullying, as well as the reworking of management plans developed by planning agencies for the rehabilitation of organizations seeking to promote quality improvements in social relations at work are actions that believe will help to decrease the likelihood of bullying.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O direito fundamental ao meio ambiente do trabalho equilibrado em face da monetarização dos riscos: a análise do caso dos trabalhadores do Projeto Salobo desenvolvido no Sudeste do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-28) VIEIRA, Lucas Rodrigues; NASSAR, Rosita de Nazaré Sidrim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092928958819725The present dissertation deals with the problems related to the ineffectiveness of the fundamental right to the environment of work, especially due to the adoption of a purely monetarizing policy of risks that is only concerned with financially compensating workers for exposure to agents harmful to their life and health, As verified in the labor demands related to the Salobo Project developed in the Southeast of Pará. Thus, the main objective of the work is to verify the legal instruments that can be used to promote a healthy labor habitat for employees, as a way of protecting physical integrity and consequently reduce the rates of industrial accidents and occupational diseases, to the detriment of discussions restricted to the imposition of additional remuneration (additional to insalubrity and dangerousness) that do not serve to encourage the adoption of medical norms and security job. For this, the dissertation carried out a survey of the doctrine and the national and international legal order, as well as qualitatively analyzed four judicial processes of the Salobo Project judged by the Regional Labor Court (TRT) of the 8th Region in the last two years. The work was constructed in three chapters. The first chapter addressed the definition, characteristics, and functions of fundamental law norms, based on the thoughts of Robert Alexy. Subsequently, historical, conceptual and legal aspects related to the work environment. The second chapter discussed the formation of the risk society, according to Ulrich Beck's theory. After that, the main risks arising from the work activity were discussed and the policy of mere monetization of environmental risks at work was discussed. Finally, the third chapter examined the working conditions of workers in the Salobo project developed in Southeastern Pará, based on lawsuits that were processed in the TRT of the 8th Region, and pointed out the alternatives to the realization of the fundamental right to the environment of balanced work. In conclusion, the research verified that the workers of the mentioned project were exposed to risks to their well-being, but only monetizing instruments were used that do not alter the conditions of the working environment, not making use of preventive and precautionary measures, such as, for example, inhibitory tutelages combined with temporary emergency orders.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A efetividade da tutela jurisdicional coletiva no combate ao dumping social nas relações de trabalho(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-02) LEÃO, Semírames de Cássia Lopes; GÓES, Gisele Santos Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1305423832262115; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-2889This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of social dumping in labor relations and its harmful social effects, proposing the use of collective judicial protection as a superior way and qualified to the appropriate treatment of the question. In pursuit of the indicated objective, the methodology used will be the qualitative analysis of real cases and the bibliographic research. Therefore, initially, three class actions will be presented to point and illustrate the legal institute and its practical consequences, from a labor law perspective, examining relevant doctrine and jurisprudence. Then, will be demonstrated the lesivity of the social damages practiced in the Democratic State of Law and under the dictates of social justice, arguing for the defense of an ethical model of socioeconomic development, that propitiates the realization of fundamental rights and the state reprimand. For this purpose, the theory of Amartya Sen and the post-positivist current are important as ratifying contributions of equality ideal pursued. Finally, judicial activity will be defended as a concretizing instrument of rights and propitiator of human development, through the superiority of the collective process, as an effective tool to produce results and real contribution to overcoming social dumping.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Homossexualidade e discriminação no mercado de trabalho(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) BATALHA, Glaucia Fernanda Oliveira Martins; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794Notwithstanding the major transformations in world economy and all advances in technology, Brazil is still a country marked by contrasts, bearing an authoritarian and conservative tradition. This can be clearly observed in the struggle to reduce discrimination against sexual minorities. Even with the fundamental rights written explicitly in the National Constitution, those vulnerable groups still find themselves marginalised, for it is hardly possible to visualize in the Brazilian State, true laicism and democratic order able to promptly guarantee those rights. Ensuring that homosexuals have the right to express their sexual orientation in any given situation, mainly in the work environment, is nothing more than to abide by the fundamental principles written in the constitution as well as following the principles declared in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The present work will narrow its scope to the study of the discrimination against sexual orientation in the work environment, further restricting its analysis on the discrimination against homosexuals only, namely, gays and lesbians.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A interpretação da discriminação negativa no trabalho de acordo com o substancialismo(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) PAMPLONA, Mário Sérgio Beltrão; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794The core of this thesis aims to analyze the Interpretative Theory which may extract the best conception of law on the Workplace Discrimination subject, referring to the analysis of legal discourses sustained by the theoretical aspects of the procedural legal rationality and substantive legal rationality, making the proper association with the Brazilian legal system, with emphasis on the fundamental constitutional principles and rights related to the topic. The substantial rationality shall be treated with substantial support in the fundamentals of law, living in a political morality shared and accepted in a society personified by ethical and moral principles, such as the fair treatment and respect to all and tolerance to diversity, which are rooted in the liberal-egalitarian scenario according to the concept adopted by Ronald Dworkin. In Chapter I, the taxonomy of Workplace Discrimination shall be discussed, dealing with this topic under the context of the fundamental rights, elements of the principles‟ theory and the public interest, revealing thus the nature of a difficult case. On the second chapter, the approach refers to the legal rationalization process when a court decision is to be given - turning evident the relationships between rationality and language, the relevance of the method, with emphasis to the topic‟s problematizing bias and systematic thinking. In chapter III, discussion will be made on procedural rationality according to Robert Alexy, considered the criticism addressed to both the topic and systematic thinking, on the aforementioned author‟s constructive process of legal argumentation theory. Fourth chapter focuses the substantial rationality according to the Ronald Dworkin‟s integrity theory, pointing out the principles of political morality which are the very foundation of the Law‟s integrity – which substantively may interdict the judicial discretion during legal interpreting, leading to a correct answer positively parameterized by the principles and fundamental rights.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Trabalho em condições análogas ao de escravo: uma análise a partir da jurisprudência do TRF 3ª da Região(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-20) FREITAS, Luiza Cristina de Albuquerque; MESQUITA, Valena Jacob Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2222933055414567This study was developmented with the objective of verify how the TRF of the 3rd Region has been interpreted and applied the crime described in art. 149 of the Criminal Code. For that, was realized a doctrinal study was carried out on the concept of contemporary slave labor in Brazil and yours respective executive modalities. Also been investigated as interpretive currents about to the issue. The field research was carried out from the TRF's jurisprudence of the 3rd Region, be realized an investigative study was carried out on the characterization of slave labor and the elements that is used by TRF inside the cases that are submitted. The method used was the Deductive Method there was based on the analysis of the information obtained in the field research, confronted with the theoretical arguments and with the legal norms, as from an logical reasoning in order to reach the conclusion of the question proposed. The results showed that the TRF of the 3 rd Region, interpret the concept of slave work based on the protection of the dignity of the human person, in a way unrelated to the restriction of the freedom of locomotion. However, in spite of a high incidence of convictions in this court, it was found that the definitive criminal penalty is fixed, in low magnitude in most cases, and, for this has been replaced anothers criminal penaltys so much soft, thare have no condicions to repress sufficiently and appropriately the criminals.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Trabalho escravo urbano na construção civil: condições degradantes e a experiência do operariado vinculado ao sindicato dos trabalhadores da indústria da construção civil e em frentes de obras em Belém do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-20) MARTINS, Omar Conde Aleixo; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794This work is situated in the context of legal discussion about the labor analogous to slavery in its urban occurrence, bringing to debate the issue of forced labor in civil construction, specifically by one of the crime execution modes, namely the degrading conditions work. Thus, the main objective of the research was to investigate to what extent the social and legal reality of work of construction workers in Belém/PA, from the very perception of these about their social rights, appears as forced labor urban under the focus of degrading conditions. Was used to achieve the proposed objective, the literature search in books, periodicals and journals, as well as a case study concerning forced labor in civil construction, recognized judicially, in the city of Americana/SP; finally, closing the methodological framework, we used the field research through interviews structured and interviews by guidelines with members of state institutions devoted to combat slave labor, and, especially, with civil construction workers to work fronts in Belém/PA and the head office of the Labor Union category, in the same city. The work is divided into three chapters and begins with a visit to the sociological understanding around the city and its impacts in urban labor relations, succeeding a discussion about the slave labor in Brazil and its theoretical and normative pillars, both those from the international standards, as those derived from art. 149 of the Penal Code, which defines the delict device to reduce others to work analogous to slavery, ending with reflections on the essentially urban manifestation of the delict under investigation. Secondly, again moves by the sociological universe to capture some capitalist components of contemporary industry, in addition to the implications arising from the social profile of the slave worker and the typical civil construction worker; closes the chapter with an analysis on the legal concept of degrading conditions and the case study that once announced on forced labor in civil construction. Finally, in the third chapter, we present the field research carried out and the reflections and conclusions drawn from the research as well as a discussion of coping policies to modern-day slavery, their effectiveness and what may be proposed from the crime of study in its urban occurrence, more precisely, in civil construction. The research found that, even if the working conditions of workers interviewed did not characterize submission to degrading conditions, several peculiarities of the service in civil construction need to be considered in assessing, or not, of degrading work, as they may represent aspects of social rights violations and, depending on the case, affront to decent work and the dignity of the human person, grounds protected by the seal to undergo a human being to degrading working conditions.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O Tribunal Superior do Trabalho e o meio ambiente do trabalho: análise qualitativa da jurisprudência relativa ao trabalho em minas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) ROCHA, Maria de Nazaré Medeiros; NASSAR, Rosita de Nazaré Sidrim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2092928958819725The present paper aims to analyze the performance of the Superior Labor Court (“TST”) through its case law on workplace environment, particularly concerning mining work, pursuant to identify the points of compatibility and / or incompatibility with the doctrinal protection given to the workplace environment. For this paper we used cases selected by the TST’s Jurisprudence Coordination, in consequence of Resolution n° 96 of the Supreme Council of the Labour Court, adopted in March 24th, 2012, that institutionalized the Safe Work Program. The Coordinator of Jurisprudence of the TST determined the criteria in which the categories were separated. The chosen period comprised from 2000 to the first quarter of 2013, and it was used as search criteria the term "Mining Companies" with several key cases, such as: i) outsourcing of mining activities; ii) subsidiary liability of the mining company when there are services related to its core business; iii) implementation of strict liability in case of accidents at the workplace, since mining is considered a risk driven activity; iv) impossibility of “Collective Norm” to reduce the deadline established in the art. 118 of Federal Law n° 8.213/1991; v) suppression of any breaks provided in art. 298 of the Labor Code; vi) establishment of a proportionate system - based on the length of exposure to outstanding risk - for the compliance with the mandatory additional hazard payment; vii) impossibility of compensation or extension of working hours without permission of the competent authority on hygiene and safety; and, finally, viii) non observance of the provisions of art. 58, § 1 of the Labor Code or of the Ruling n° 366/TST in regards to the time spent by the employees to move from the beginning of mine to their workplace and vice versa. Based on the results of such research, it was identified the most common arguments listed in the cases, referring to the protection of the workplace environment.