Navegando por Assunto "Direitos Humanos"

Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

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Ensino de História e Direitos Humanos: a história de gênero na perspectiva interseccional e a luta da mulher negra por direitos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-20) FARIAS, Marilin Genezareth de Oliveira; ESTEVES, Carlos Leandro da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6758802097773377
This work intends to discuss how the human rights can be worked in the teaching of history from the gender issue through an intersectional perspective. We will start from the hypothesis that there is a historical culture that ignores the importance of rights as a parameter of citizenship, as well as a "patriarchal tradition" that legitimizes the male chauvinist culture. Methodologically, we will use the theory of history to base our research on concepts of historical awareness and school culture, in order to identify the students' historical knowledge. The thematic cut will deal with the issue of intersectionality, considering a specific approach to gender, class and race from the perspective of the history teaching. To do that, we rehearse proposals for thematic workshops on the fight of black women for rights, so we can think about the product together. At the end of the research, the designed product will serve as a didactic support for schools and the teaching of history, in HQ format, that is, one that has a accessible language to the basic education.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Famílias e Direitos Sociais no sudeste do Pará/Brasil : um estudo das demandas apresentadas no âmbito da Assistência Social
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) SOARES, Mayra Ferreira; MATHIS, Adriana de Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4097998262711403
This dissertation has as object of study the demands presented by the families in the scope of Social Assistance in the municipality of Parauapebas located in the state of Pará / Brazil. The objective of this study is to investigate how the Social Assistance policy intervenes in the perspective of guaranteeing social rights, based on the demands presented by the families in the CRAS and CREAS of the city of Parauapebas (PA). The analysis is based on the critical dialectical method as it assists the movement of social reality and the phenomena that it presents, in order to overcome the appearance of the demands of the families that express themselves in the scope of the Assistance, in search of the apprehension of the processes related to the multiple spheres of social relations that affect social policy and the families that resort to it. Thus, this dissertation points out that a strong characteristic of Brazilian patriarchal society is still present in the particularity of Parauapebas, because, in the scope of Assistance, issues of violation of law, where children and adolescents are the main victims, stand as issues from intimate forum to family, linked mainly to the role of women in the care and protection of their loved ones. In this way, the family and the welfare experience inflows of the social structure that exists beyond the subjective environment where the relations are more restricted to the family environment, based on the neoliberal logic of capitalist accumulation that generates setbacks in the field of social rights, where the State it becomes increasingly obscure in the social sphere. On the other hand, we can not fail to understand that, despite the various contradictions in the field of family and social policy, the results of the Assistance actions address the need both of poor families in relation to the limits of the labor market in capitalist society, the needs of capitalist accumulation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fotografia colorida em 5 x 7: aspectos sociais e identitários, formação cidadã e elementos da consciência histórica dos discentes ingressantes no ensino médio integrado do IFPA Campus Bragança
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-20) LOBATO, Fernando José Rodrigues; LIMA, Maria Roseane Corrêa Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0040917069487308; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-0618
This work is part of the field of historical education insofar as it is concerned with the results obtained in the training process of young people and adolescents, especially in what is related to the preparation for the exercise of what we define as active citizenship. In it, we provide a brief history of the role of the formal school in the process of inclusion of new generations in the cultural environment of each period. Taking as a reference what was positive about education in the Federal Constitution of 1988 and in Law 9,394/1996 (Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education), we elaborated and carried out a qualitative research with students entering the integrated high school courses of the IFPA Campus Bragança in order to observe and analyze their citizenship formation. In addition to this citizenship education, we also seek to observe and analyze some elements present in the historical awareness of these students, given the intention to develop methodologies in order to make historical learning more meaningful and capable of providing temporal guidance for students.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modos de enfrentamento do HIV/AIDS: direitos humanos, vulnerabilidades e assistência à saúde
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-04) MAIA, Érica Catarine Ataíde; REIS JÚNIOR, Leandro Passarinho
Coping with HIV/AIDS configures itself as a challenge for contemporary society, in view of the control several aspects of the epidemic. In this research, the objective was to analyze, through theoretical studies, the HIV/AIDS social coping, circumscribed in the references of human rights, vulnerability and health care in Brazil. It was found that the notion of human rights brought innovative contributions, demonstrating that their violation increases the possibility of dissemination of HIV; the concept of vulnerability is an analysis of structures that incorporates an interdependence of individual, social and programmatic aspects in greater or lesser exposure to HIV infection; health care in the context of HIV/AIDS permeates integral public health care in the country. Finally, a reflection on these theoretical contributions in interface with HIV/AIDS coping, demonstrate them inequalities, discriminations, health system precariousness are closely related to the health-disease dynamics.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Narrativa de vítimas, impunidade e religiosidade da classe média no Uruguai: possíveis impugnações ao campo da memória e dos direitos humanos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12) MONTEALEGRE ALEGRÍA, Natalia
This article delves into some aspects of the relationship between impunity, middle class and religion in Uruguay, based on the public narrative of a group of disappeared detainees, bestselling author, gestalt therapist and Uruguayan neochamán. Its production of an autobiographical nature is of interest, because it allows us to enter into some dilemmatic aspects that challenge the common sense around concepts of memory and justice, shared in the field of memory and human rights, from a perspective that provides insight into how it can impact in different areas the ethos of individual comfort. Written in the context of a world pandemic, this text contributes to a reflection on the potential consequences of the development of universes of meaning on the pillars of individualism and autonomy, and their potential opposition to the universality of human rights. At the same time, it highlights the intersection between religion and politics in the Southern Cone through the narrative of a victim -member of the second generation-, who builds a biographical project that makes possible the formation of a happy family.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A questão dos desaparecidos no Brasil: da identificação à devolução a sociedade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-27) SILVA, Mariluzio Araujo Moreira da; SILVA, Hilton Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917171307194821; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-3522
The issue of the disappeared is a social, health, justice, and public security problem that affects Brazilian society and has gained greater visibility since the struggles of survivors and the families of victims of the military dictatorship (1964-1985) and which has taken on various forms in recent times. This theme is present in debates about human rights, criminal justice, policing, justice, and citizenship, and it intersects with discussions in the fields of Bioanthropology and Forensic Anthropology. This research was conducted from 2020 to 2024 and constitutes the scope of the doctoral thesis developed in the Graduate Program in Anthropology at the Federal University of Pará-PPGA, in Bioanthropology within the research line of Genetic and Forensic Anthropology. The thesis is divided into three articles and a connecting text, as stipulated in the PPGA's internal regulations. The first article engages in a debate about the bioethical aspects related to the way unidentified or unclaimed bodies are treated in Brazil, highlighting the main bioethical needs in the treatment of these victims considering possible human rights violations caused by the fragility of Brazilian law. The second article presents a scenario of how the official fo- rensic institutions of the states have handled information about unidentified or unclaimed deceased persons, the types of existing databases, methods of sharing and accessing in- formation, and how these actions have impacted the location of these victims. In the third article, an analysis was conducted on the panorama of missing and located persons based on official data provided on the Sinesp-VDE platform of the Ministry of Justice and Pub- lic Security-MJSP, within the historical series from 2015 to 2024. Based on the analyses conducted, there is a need for the implementation of more coherent legal devices aligned with bioethical issues that prevent and curb potential rights violations, through the crea- tion of national-level protocols that standardize the procedures to be adopted for cases of unidentified or unclaimed victims, and the creation of state databases in forensic units in an integrated manner, with information transparency, increasing institutional capillarity and information decentralization, thus allowing families of the missing to conduct effi- cient active searches; further improvement of the national policy for searching for missing persons is also necessary, increasing the efficiency in locating them, improving the con- solidation of data in the centralizing body, and creating socioepidemiological monitoring strategies for this phenomenon. Despite the creation of the law bringing greater legal se- curity, public authority actions need to be improved, with a necessity to enhance actions for combating and preventing the crime and locating the victims.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Violações de direitos humanos em contextos extrativistas na América Latina: a raça enquanto questão fundante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-01-21) SANTOS, Mariana Lucena Sousa; MAGALHÃES, Breno Baía; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0126393188779750; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7183-2440
The dissertation analyzes race as the first criterion capable of explaining the prevalence of human rights violations in the context of essentially extractive business activities in the Americas. In order to do so, it resorts to the historical landmarks of the foundation of capitalism, as this system is the essential element to understand another great point: the racial division of labor and the Global North-South relations, present until the present day. In the peripheries, the capital accumulation strategies of the large companies of the North (center) involve, in addition to the great exploitation of the workforce, the appropriation of territories, given their interest in extracting large volumes of natural resources, the basis of the economies of the countries in the region. These elements are key to explaining the immense pressure suffered in the territories, whose populations, mostly Afro-descendants and indigenous people, deal with persistent violence, dispossession and power disparities. The work studies the jurisprudence of the Inter- American Court of Human Rights to investigate how this court has considered the racial issue in cases related to extractive activities that violate human rights, and concludes that the current framework of corporate accountability in international systems for the protection of human rights, of a liberal nature, it does not offer adequate response capabilities for reparation and guarantees of non-repetition of violations, given the very essence of capitalism. However, a racial intervention in the critical discourse on liberalism tends to present exit routes for the search for racial justice in the Americas.