Navegando por Assunto "Disponibilidade hídrica"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico da disponibilidade hídrica superficial da bacia hidrográfica rio Capim - BHRC: como ferramenta de suporte à decisão para outorga de recursos hídricos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-05) SILVA, Irlane Quaresma da; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; 9773700229115395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-6825
The dissertation addresses the need to monitor the quantitative water balance in the Rio Capim Watershed (BHRC), Pará, Brazil, due to the variability of precipitation throughout the year and water scarcity in some areas during dry periods. The general objective is to determine the water availability of BHRC based on the regularization of water users (issued and active water permits) as a subsidy for water resource management efficiency. To achieve this objective, the study was conducted in five stages: literature review, data collection of granted water interferences, organization of vector data for ottobasins and surface water availability from the Ottocodified Hydrographic Database of Pará (BHO/PA), data processing, and quantitative water balance assessment. Results revealed that certain municipalities have significantly more granted water permits than others, such as Paragominas (29.5%), Dom Eliseu (25%), and Ipixuna do Pará (17.5%), totaling 72% of all issued permits. Surface water in BHRC is utilized for various purposes, with irrigation being predominant, accounting for 79% of the total captured volume. Other significant uses include mineral extraction and industrial purposes, totaling 18% of the captured volume. It was identified that 180 ottobasins are directly impacted by granted water withdrawals, while 3,081 ottobasins are indirectly impacted downstream, totaling 3,181 impacted ottobasins throughout the watershed. The Surubiju River and its tributaries show the highest impact, with 89 directly impacted segments and a withdrawal flow of 206,355.73 cubic meters per day. These findings underscore the need for continuous and detailed monitoring to ensure water resource sustainability in BHRC and serve as a critical tool for decision-making in water resource allocation in Pará State.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção e características estruturais de capim-Tanzânia sob diferentes frequências de desfolhações em clima tropical Am
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12-09) MACEDO, Vitor Hugo Maués; CÂNDIDO, Ebson Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3646672308700905; SILVA, Wilton Ladeira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1593390000423230; RÊGO, Aníbal Coutinho do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4330113577933018
This study determined the effect of different frequency of defoliation (FD) on the structural and production characteristics of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania during the rainy season (RS) and dry season (DS) of 2015, in the Amazon region of Brazil. A randomized block design with six treatments and five replicates was used. The treatments corresponded to six FD (14; 21; 28; 35; 42 and 49 days). arranged in plots of 12 m2. Were evaluated the demographic pattern of tillering (DPT), tiller population density (TPD), canopy height (CH), leaf area index (LAI), , light interception (LI), total forage accumulation (TFA), and the leaf (LP), stem (SP) and dead material (DMP) proportions. The mean of the variables in each season was subjected to analysis of variance and the unfolding of the interaction between the different FD and the seasons were performed when significant by the F test. The means were analyzed by orthogonal polynomial contrasts using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS software. Significant interaction (P<0.05) between FD and seasons was observed to the TPD, CH, LI, LAI and TFA variables. The TPD decreased (P < 0.0001) linearly from 891 to 560 tillers/m2 in the RS, and from 533 to 369 tillers/m2 in DS with FD from 14 to 49 days, respectively. Linear response was observed to the CH (P < 0.0001) characterized by the increase of its value with the decreasing of FD. The CH ranged from 58.72 to 117.42 cm with decreasing FD in the RS. In the DS the CH varied less than in the RS wit values between 37.69 and 49.03 cm, characterized for a quadratic adjustment (P = 0.0002). In the RS, the LAI and LI showed quadratic response (P < 0.05) with increasing from 3.60 to 6.05 and from 90.85% to 98.30% in FD from 14 to 49 days, respectively. The TFA which represents the sum of the cycles within each season, showed a quadratic adjustment (P = 0.0028) in RS with higher values for FD of 14 and 21 days, and a quadratic adjustment (P < 0.0001) in DS. In the rainy season it is recommended defoliation frequency around 21 days, corresponding to the 95% light interception and the canopy average height at 71 cm. In the dry season lower frequencies of defoliation are recommended such as every 49 days, due to high forage accumulation in relation to other frequencies in the dry season.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Usos múltiplos da água e a sustentabilidade nas sedes municipais da bacia hidrográfica do rio Marapanim-PA.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-03-16) SILVA, Jessica Cristina Conte da; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6257794694839685; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-0984; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6572852379381594; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0594-0187
The colonization of northeaster Pará is considered one of the oldest at Amazon area, where a disorderly occupation over time caused several impacts on the environment and water resources, mainly related to the territory of the hydrographic basin of the Marapanim River. In this context, the research aimed to integrate concepts of water demand and availability, adding hydrological and socio-environmental factors to the analysis of the hydrographic basin as a natural unit of area for the management and application of public policies in the municipal cities of Castanhal, Igarapé-Açu, Marapanim, São Francisco do Pará and Terra Alta, which belong to the hydrographic basin of the Marapanim River. The goal of the research was to evaluate the management process of those localities, through sustainability index with Pressure - State - Response (PER) indicators, combined with the characterization of multiple uses of water. The main demand for water in those localities is public water supply, with an estimated volume of 2,228.18 m³ / day. However, within the limits of the locality, agriculture was the activity that were responsible for the higher demand, 28,022.46 m³ / ha, followed by livestock production, 899, 82 m³ / day. The region's water availability was estimated by rainfall monitoring, in which September-October-November were months with fewer rainy days, with the highest percentage of rainfall in the month concentrated in a few days. The sustainability index of the municipal cities of Castanhal, Igarapé-Açu, Marapanim and Terra Alta were 0.40; 0.50; 0.44; 0.54 and 0.5 respectively, which represents an average value. The city of São Francisco obtained an index value of 0.54, considered as a good index value. The characterization of multiple uses of water is essential to understand the relationships of availability and demand for water that occur at hydrographic basin of the Marapanim River, as well as the application of the sustainability index based on the pressure - State - response model, allowing both integrated and individual assessment of hydrological, environmental, political and social indicators, which allows a more targeted view of the needs of each territory, thus helping to guide public policies managers during decision making process.