Navegando por Assunto "Envelhecimento"

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Análise Psicométrica da Versão Brasileira da Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale (PFS-Brasil)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-24) SANTOS, Mayara do Socorro Brito dos; TORRES, Natáli Valim Oliver Bento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1927198788019996; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-211X
Introduction: Instruments with appropriate psychometric properties are essential for ensuring the quality of assessments and reassessments in clinical practice, guiding decision-making regarding rehabilitation procedures. The Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale, originally published in English, is the only validated scale for measuring perceived fatigability in older adults. Considering the importance of this tool, it is necessary to validate its translated version into Portuguese and adapt it to the specificities of the Brazilian context. Objective: To validate the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale Brazilian Portuguese version (PFS-Brasil) by evaluating its validity in relation to measures of physical activity, physical performance, and cognitive performance. Methodology: The scale and physical and cognitive performance tests were used to assess 121 healthy older adults residing in the community. We conducted statistical analyses of the physical and mental subscales of the PFS-Brasil, utilizing the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for reliability analysis, Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency evaluation, and Spearman's correlation for convergent validity. Furthermore, we examined agreement analysis and floor and ceiling effects. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences 25.0 was used for data analysis. Results: The analyses indicated that the physical and mental subscales exhibit satisfactory test-retest reliability, with ICC values for the physical subscale (0.84; 95% CI: 0.80-0.88) and the mental subscale (0.83; 95% CI: 0.78-0.87), in addition to high internal consistency (α = 0.84 and 0.82, respectively). These values are indicative of good inter-rater reliability, revealing a low probability of random and systematic error. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated good agreement for both subscales of the PFS-Brasil. For convergent validity, the higher physical score showed a moderate association, and the higher mental score showed a weak association with lower physical performance (6-minute walk tests and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and lower levels of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire – IPAQ). Regarding cognitive performance, there was a weak association between the higher mental score and the average accuracy on the flanker test. No ceiling effects were observed in both subscales; however, the mental subscale exhibited a floor effect (n = 24%). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale is a valid, consistent, and reliable instrument for assessing perceived fatigability in older adults.
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Associação de polimorfismos de biomarcadores do envelhecimento (TP53, MDM2, UCP2, HLA-G, IL-1a, IL-4 e NFkB1) com a capacidade funcional de idosos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-30) PEREIRA, Esdras Edgar Batista; SANTOS, Sidney Emanuel Batista dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9809924843125163; SANTOS, Ney Pereira Carneiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290427033107137
INTRODUCTION: The functional capacity and overall functionality of the elderly is defined as the capacity to manage their lives or take care of yourself, which is influenced by the degree of autonomy and independence of the individual. In search of understanding of the mechanisms involved in healthy aging and maintenance of functional independence, several studies try to identify candidate genes that may establish the association of genotype with phenotype studied physical fitness and the decline and loss of independence in adulthood. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between the variability of polymorphisms on biomarkers of aging (TP53, MDM2, UCP2, HLA-G, IL-1a, IL-4 and NFkB1) with the functional capacity of the elderly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a comparative analytical cross-sectional study, developed from the clinical and functional evaluation and analysis of polymorphisms on biomarkers of aging. The clinical and functional analysis included an assessment of functional capabilities: basic activity of daily living (ABVD), instrumental activities of daily living (AIVD), advanced activities of daily living (AAVD) and functional status (PS-ECOG) functional systems: cognition (MEEM), humor (GDS-15), mobility (TUG) and risk of falls (TT), Nutritional Status (MAN) and Sarcopenia risk (PP). Eight polymorphisms were included (two TP53, MDM2, UCP2, HLA-G, IL-1a, IL-4 and NFkB1) were genotyped by a multiplex PCR reaction followed by capillary electrophoresis. Analysis of PCR amplicons was performed by electrophoresis using the ABI Prism sequencer 3130 and GeneMapper ID v.3.2 software. RESULTS: A total of 228 elderly, mostly women (62%), with about 70 years old on average, with an average comorbidity index of 4.48 (± 2.44) points, sedentary (53%), with a history smoking (58%) and possessing a predominantly European ancestry. It was found that polymorphisms of the TP53 gene, UCP2, HLA-G, IL-1a, IL-4 and NFkB1 significant differences in functional variables between genotypes. The variables that most differed between genotypes were functional status (PS-ECOG), mobility (TUG), risk of falls (TT) and the risk of sarcopenia (PP). This suggested a possible association of these polymorphisms with risk factors or protection, which in most cases were not significant. The NFkB1 gene polymorphism (rs28362491) was the only biomarkers that demonstrated significant association results. The II genotype of this polymorphism was associated with risk of sarcopenia (PP). The elderly who had this genotype showed a three-fold greater susceptibility to muscle loss related to aging, when compared to other genotypes of the same gene. CONCLUSION: Therefore, considering the results of this study, it is believed that the use of biomarkers of aging, as a population screening test may favor the identification of elderly patients with increased susceptibility to the development of organic modifications and functional disabilities. The identification of this risk allows the targeting of strategies for prevention, control and treatment of disabilities linked to physiological or pathological aging.
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Changes in muscle strength in elderly women after proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation based training
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06) SILVA, Edivã Bernardo da; PIN, Alessandro dos Santos; SILVA FILHO, Manoel da
Introduction: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) can be used to improve the quality of life of both healthy and diseased subjects, including the elderly, who suffer muscular weakness due to aging, leading to an impairment in functional capacity. Objective: Verify the effectiveness of PNF as a tool for functional conditioning. Materials and methods: We evaluated a total of ten elderly women aged 60–70 years, clinically healthy and physically active. They had the force of motion of hip flexion with knee extension analyzed by an analog dynamometer. They were then randomly and equally divided into experimental (EG) and control group (CG). The GC was instructed to continue with their normal activities while the GE held 15 training sessions in the lower limb (LL) based on the diagonal D1 and D2. Finally, a new collection wrench the two groups was performed and the data compared. Results: There was a significant increase in the average strength of GE, on the order of 31% (p < 0.01). The GC also had increased strength, but not significant (p > 0.05). Discussion: The results confirm that the FNP through initial work of readjustment and proprioceptive neuromuscular activation, and after that, conditioning of the muscle fibers (mainly resistive) is capable of amplifying the force developed by the muscle. Conclusion: The PNF was effective as training to gain muscle strength, should be better analyzed as a tool fitness, not to cause health risks, have low cost and easy application.
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Condicionamento físico e desempenho em testes neuropsicológicos em adultos jovens
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-21) TOMÁS, Alessandra Mendonça; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286; SÓSTHENES, Márcia Consentino Kronka; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7881527576747420
Brazil is a country in demographic transition period and significantly increased population over 65 years, which requires changes in public policies for health. The early onset of specific care to young adult population with a view to successful aging may represent future reduction of public and lower incidence of diseases associated with aging expenses such as dementias. To provide grants to health policies based on evidence, this study investigated the effects of physical fitness on performance in automated neuropsychological tests selected for measurement of learning functions, visuospatial memory and language. We evaluated 109 healthy young adults of both sexes, submitted to an interview; global cognitive assessment using the Mini Mental State Examination, language tests (including verbal fluency and word list of CERAD drums) and automated neuropsychological tests (Cantab Battery); assessment of physical fitness (indirect assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness, strength of lower limbs, agility assessment, measurement surround and anthropometric indices). Based on multivariate statistics by cluster analysis (Ward method, Euclidean distance) three groups divided volunteers, matched for age and education, to make up the ANOVA criterion or the Kruskal-Wallis, in the event of samples with unequal variances. In addition, the correlation analysis was performed, principal components and discriminant analysis, which showed that the cardiorespiratory fitness was the variable that most contributed to the formation of clusters. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05 values. Significant differences were found in the semantic verbal fluency tests; in physical fitness tests including resting heart rate, cardiorespiratory fitness, lower limb strength and agility assessment and neuropsychological tests of Cantab Battery (paired learning - PAL and reaction time - RTI). The correlation analysis showed only weak correlations. The results obtained in this study indicate that fitness young adult practitioners or no regular exercise cannot predict performance on neuropsychological tests. However, the fitness shown to be associated with better performance on attention tasks, visuospatial memory and learning, measured through the PAL and RTI.
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O corpo velho no retumbão da marujada: des/com/passos antrópicos bragantinos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-20) SOUZA, Hildeana Nogueira Dias; ANJOS, Francisco Valdinei dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5035093639365870; RAMOS, João Batista Santiago; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8078757512392983
The present work is the result of a research on the Marujada de Bragança. It is a cultural and religious manifestation, an important part of the Festa de São Benedito. This manifestation awakened in me the desire to research and explore the question of the old body in the dance of the Retumbão da Marujada in Bragança/PA. The study was carried out in the municipality of Bragança, northeast of Pará, with elderly people from the Brotherhood of São Benedito. Data were collected in the midst of the pandemic caused by COVID-19. In December 2020, the first interviews were carried out, the others were carried out during the months of January to June 2021, totaling 12 interviewed subjects, men and women, aged between 60 and 84 years. The research had as a general objective, to investigate the memories that build/support the identities of old people, in the sense of rescuing the memories of their trajectories in Marujada. To achieve this objective, a study with a qualitative approach was carried out. The techniques used were bibliographic survey, direct observation and interviews based on oral history as a data production technique. The relevance of this work is evidenced by the possibility of discussing the aspects of the old body and contributing to the reflection on the importance of memory, as a way of listening to the elderly and, consequently, theoretically contributing to the experience of a better quality of life in old age.
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Desenvolvimento de uma medida de controle primário e secundário para idosos
(2013-09) KHOURY, Hilma Tereza Tôrres; GÜNTHER, Isolda de Araújo
This article presents a measure developed to evaluate the adaptive processes of primary and secondary controls in elderly persons. Primary control is defined as a strategy to modify the environment to attend to personal demands. Secondary control refers to efforts to fit in the environment. The participants were 315 elderly, between 60 and 92 years old, 33.3% males and 66.7% females. They were interviewed in their own homes. Using factor analysis, three independent factors were identified: Strive for Achievement with Own Resources (Primary Control), Adaptation Effort (Secondary Control) and Strive for Achievement with Help (Primary Control). Considering the paucity of instruments to evaluate these constructs, the measure should contribute to the advance of research as well as to services for elderly people.
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E o professor envelheceu! Breves relatos de professores municipais em processo de aposentadoria, Igarapé-Miri
(Executiva Paraense dxs Estudantes de Pedagogia, 2018-07) TEIXEIRA, Tatiane do Socorro Correa; PROCÓPIO, Maria Gorete da Cruz
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos da estimulação multissensorial e cognitiva sobre o declínio cognitivo senil agravado pelo ambiente empobrecido das instituições de longa permanência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-27) OLIVEIRA, Thaís Cristina Galdino de; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286; DINIZ, Domingos Luiz Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601463988942971
The aim of the present report is to investigate possible impacts of cognitive and multisensory stimulation on the performances of institutionalized and community people in the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and in language tests. Subjects were divided in two groups paired by years of school and age: 1) institutionalized (n = 25, 76.0 ± 6.9 years old) which inhabit in long-stay institutions and 2) non-institutionalized (n = 17, 74.2 ± 4.0 years old) which inhabit in the community with their families. MMSE was applied to select cognitively healthy volunteers which were subsequently submitted to the stimulation and neuropsychological and language assessments. MMSE and specific language tests, including Boston naming, semantic (VSF) and phonological (PSF) verbal fluencies, Montreal Communication Evaluation Battery (MAC) and the Boston cookie theft picture description task were done. The multisensory and cognitive intervention was applied in groups of 10 volunteers submitted to a series of stimulation sessions twice a week, over six months in a total of 48 sessions. Sessions were based on language and memory exercises, visual, olfactory and auditory stimulus, as well as ludic activities including music, sing and dance. Both groups were assessed at the beginning (before interventions), in the middle (after 24 sessions) and at the end (after 48 sessions) of intervention. As compared to the non-institutionalized (community) group, the institutionalized one showed lower performances in all tasks in all time windows. Each patient was compared with himself using a contrast index (C) that was designed to be able to express performances of all tests in a single (0 -1) scale of cognitive performances. The contrast index was estimated as follow: (C = (D – A) / (D + A), where D corresponds to the scores before stimulation and A after stimulation). All patients improve their performances after intervention and the impact was significantly higher in the institutionalized group. We suggest that the impoverished environment where institutionalized people live is contributing to the lower cognitive scores observed at the first assessment and by the higher impact of the stimulation program in this group. As compared to the classic MMSE neuropsychological test, language tests seem to be much significantly more sensitive to detect early changes in the cognitive status. Taken together the results may have implications for public health policies dedicated to the aged population.
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Envelhecimento e doenças neurodegenerativas crônicas na Amazônia brasileira: implantação de novas metodologias de avaliação em pacientes com declínio cognitivo leve e doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-09-27) SOUZA, Aline Cristine Passos de; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286; SÓSTHENES, Márcia Consentino Kronka; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7881527576747420
By 2025, the number of elderly people in the world will double and by 2050 will reach around two billion individuals, with the majority of them in developing countries. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the fourth disease that most compromises the quality of life in elderly. This work aims to suggest new methodologies for evaluating elderly people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer‟s disease, introducing a Brazilian version of the TSM-"Test Your Memory" and showing the performance fo this people in tests from CANTAB. It is an analytical, retrospective, longitudinal case-control study, performed at the Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Infection, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, from January 2009 to January 2011. Ninety five individuals 65 years old or older were divided in three groups: Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 21), mild cognitive impairment (DCL, n = 31) and control (n = 43). Patients with previous stroke, primary depression, head injury, other dementias and other neuropsychiatric disorders, and serious visuo-auditory deficits were excluded. The participants were submitted to an initial assessment, screening with GDS-5 and DSM-IV, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), CERAD neuropsychological test battery and the TSM - Test Your Memory (Brazilian version).Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, defining the p-value<0.05 to detect significant differences. Female individuals of mixed ethnicity, aged 70 to 79 years predominated in all groups. The average MMSE score between the three groups was significantly different (control: 26.6± 2.2; DCL: 25.1 ± 2.6, DA: 17.3 ± 4.9, p <0.05), however, the TSM proved to be a more sensitive test to distinguish DCL patients from AD (control: 42.4± 5; DCL: 35.5 ± 7.7, DA: 25.7 ± 8, p <0.01 ). The three groups had different mean scores. In the CERAD word list, clock test, TNBr and phonological verbal fluency. The performance in TSM was significantly lower in DCL and AD groups than in the control group. And DA group was worse in this test than the DCL group too. The tests and measurements of CANTAB that best separate the three groups from the performance obtained were RVP A‟, PAL-trials to success and PAL-total errors in 6 patterns phase. Good correlations were found between the TSM and other tests, especially with the MMSE (Pearson‟s coefficient r = 0.79, p <0.0001) and clock test (r = 0.76, p <0.0001), as well as good correlations between the measures of PAL and TSM and MMSE. Physical activity level, in the control group was higher than in all other groups. When the level of physical activity and performance on cognitive tests were correlated, there were no significant differences in the different groups, except by a better performance in word recall test from CERAD, and word list in DCL group (DCL "active":4.7 ± 1.8; DCL"not active": 3 ± 1.5,p <0.01). Taken as a Whole, these results suggest that the application of automated automated neuropsychological tests associated with routine clinical tests and TYM, improve the clinical assessment´s sensitivity and reliability, especially in the early stages of dementia where the precoceous and accurate diagnosis are essential to guide therapeutic actions, drugs or behavioral modifications.
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Envelhecimento e proteção cognitiva: influências da escolaridade e da aptidão física
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07-25) TORRES, Natáli Valim Oliver Bento; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286
Clinical and hematological evaluations were used to study the influence of age, formal education and physical fitness on cognitive performances of two aged groups. For this purpose, three independent experiments were designed. In the first we investigated the influences of age and low education on cognitive performance of healthy elderly. In the second we investigated possible associations between cognitive age-associated cognitive decline, level of physical activity and platelet volume, an indirect peripheral marker of inflammation. In the third we compared age matched healthy elderly with Alzheimer's disease patients, where it is promptly recognized the contribution of inflammation to accelarate disease progression. To measure the influence of education, we used selected tests of the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Battery (CANTAB), minimizing the influence of socio-cultural and educational variables, usually present in classical (paper and pencil) psychometric procedures. Thus, sustained visual attention, reaction time, spatial working memory and episodic learning and memory were measured in 182 elderlies. Based on medical history, visual acuity examination and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) we established inclusion criteria as follow: visual acuity 20/30 or higher, no previous or current history of head trauma, stroke, chronic alcoholism, neurological diseases, subjective complains of memory and absence of psychiatric illness, including major depression. Also excluded the volunteers with clinical and / or hematological signs of active infection. Subjects were grouped according to the education level (1 to 7 and ≥ 8 years of schooling) and age (60-69 and ≥ 70 years of age). Two-way analysis of variance indicated that, on average, education influenced performances on visual attention, learning and memory, reaction time and spatial working memory and age influenced the latency on reaction time test. The results suggest that improvement of education should be one of the targets of preventative actions to minimize age-related cognitive decline and that CANTAB might be used to detect subtle cognitive decline in healthy aging. In the study that measured potential associations between platelet morphological changes, physical activity and age-related cognitive decline, we adopted the same exclusion criteria used in the first assay and evaluated 152 healthy elderlies. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ - long form) and physical fitness was adopted as indicators of physical activity levels. Physical fitness was assessed by measurements of agility, muscle strength of lower limbs and aerobic capacity. The inclusion criteria based on physical activity self-report only included volunteers performing supervised physical activities at least three times a week, while the inclusion of sedentary elderly demanded that such activities have been not conducted for six consecutive months preceding assessment. All volunteers who participated in the study showed normal test scores of MMSE. Compared to the sedentary group, active elderly showed significant higher performance in all physical tests, sustained visual attention and reaction time, and these results were associated with lower platelet volumes. Significant correlations were found between platelet volumes and performances on learning and memory, rapid visual processing and sustained attention. In the study comparing the platelet morphology of patients with Alzheimer's disease with healthy elderly individuals we found that AD volunteers showed significantly higher platelet volumes associated with poor performance in MMSE. Taken together the results show that physical fitness and physical activity are associated with lower platelet volume and less cognitive decline during aging. The major and minor mean platelet volumes found respectively in patients with Alzheimer's disease and elderly who exercise regularly, suggests that this parameter, usually ignored in haematological routine analysis, appears to have potential value to encourage preventative actions.
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Envelhecimento populacional e previdência social: a questão social da longevidade e o financiamento dos sistemas previdenciários, sob a ótica do princípio da solidariedade social
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) NASSAR, Elody Boulhosa; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794
The central theme of this work is population aging and its pivotal correlation to longevity and social security funding. The longevity that is so intensely pursued is a factor of concern in contemporary society vis-à-vis related social questions of oldness and social protection in the area of the social security. This work is divided in six chapters. The first chapter ponders on the correlation between the progression of time and its consequences on the decline of human beings, as a basic notion for the understanding of the oldness. The second chapter examines the meaning of the concepts related to aging as well as of the newly emerging expressions on the diversity of oldness by underscoring the use of chronological criterion as the parameter for the legal definition of the concept of the old. In the third chapter, the definition of the social issue of the aging is studied. This definition is examined through a statistical analysis related to the new and growing social group that requires adaptations of the civil society, the family and government. In this context, the condition of women is also treated by pointing out differences in the oldness between the genders. In the fourth chapter, the emphasis is on the social achievements related to aging in light of the legitimation and justification of social rights of Social Security as an effective means of social inclusion and achieving dignity at old age. In the fifth chapter, it is demonstrated that new social questions emerge from the aging of the world population. Consequently, new social, political and economic questions demand novel policies by the government in order to guarantee the quality of life of the aging as a fundamental human right. In the sixth chapter, solidarity is suggested as the fundamental postulate upon which the principles of social security are based. Moreover, solidarity is argued to be the central logic of any pension plan and that it conflicts with the logic of the market or science. This work utilizes extensive, interdisciplinary, national bibliography on the various issues contained in the chapters of the thesis, as well as foreign doctrine, with emphasis on the legal literature, as the base of support of the arguments above-mentioned. It is concluded that social security reforms and the neoliberal preaching defense of capitalization do not take into account the issue of equity in formulating policies for Social Security and that the State should be the main responsible for guaranteeing fundamental social rights. This thesis advocates that, in the case of the elderly, solidarity is an ethical requirement, and above all, an ethic of urgency.
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Envelhecimento, declínio cognitivo e plasticidade astroglial em ca3
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-11-18) TOKUHASHI, Tatyana Pereira; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286
A few studies investigated in detail possible relationships between aging cognitive decline and hippocampal astroglial plasticity. In the present report we investigated in murine model possible relationships between performances in object recognition tests and the astrocytes laminar distribution in CA3. To do so, young (6 months old, n = 7) and old (20 months old, n= 5) C57Bl6 mice, were maintained in standard cages and assessed in object recognition hippocampal-dependent tasks. Isolated or integrated (episodic-like memory) tests were applied and revealed that object identity (What?), place (Where?) and time (When?), were impaired in old subjects, whereas in young mice only spatial memory was impaired. After behavioral tests all subjects were sacrificed and perfused with aldehyde fixatives had their brains removed and processed for glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry, a selective marker for astrocytes. To avoid sample bias we used the optical fractionator, a stereological method that is no affected by histological procedures. The results on behavioral isolated or integrated tests revealed that aging significantly impairs object, spatial and time recognition (two-tail t-test, p<0.05). As compared to young subjects, old mice showed laminar changes in the astrocytes distribution with proportional increase of the astrocytes number in the pyramidal layer of dorsal and ventral CA3 and a reduction in the lacunosum molecular layer of dorsal CA3. Coherently, the total number of CA3 astrocytes showed significant reorganization of its laminar distribution as a function of age with reduction of its numbers in the stratum oriens. No significant differences were detected in the mean values of laminar volumes suggesting that aging induced changes directly affected astroglial plasticity in CA3. Finally, a linear inverse correlation was found between the estimations of pyramidal cell layer astrocytes and performances in the behavioral tasks. Further direct evidences of this correlation with altered CA3 astrocytes and possible molecular mechanisms to explain aging cognitive decline remains to be investigated.
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Envelhecimento, linguagem e memória visuo-espacial: um estudo comparativo exploratório do desempenho humano em testes neuropsicológicos selecionados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-06) SOARES, Fernanda Cabral; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286; DINIZ, Domingos Luiz Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601463988942971
The recognition of the limits between normal and pathological ageing is essential for the adoption of evidence based health policies for people with 65 or more years old. This study is part of a systematic effort that the research group of the Laboratory of Investigations in Chronic Neurodegeneration and Infection at the Federal University of Pará has been doing to provide translational information on the normal and altered neurobiology of aging. The long term main goal is to enable evidence based public policies for health ageing in the Amazon Region. This report aims to investigate the effects of aging on the performances in selected neuropsychological tests to assess learning, memory and language impairments. 29 young adult (29.9 ± 1.06 years) and 31 older adults (74.1 ± 1.15 years) were selected and the results of their performances were compared using both parametric tests and multivariate statistical analysis. A general assessment and a variety of cognitive tests including Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), selected visuo-spatial learning and memory tasks from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and language tests (Phonological and Semantic Verbal Fluencies, Reduced Boston Naming, Narrative Performance on the Boston “cookies theft picture” description and in some of the Battery Montreal Evaluation of Communication - MAC tests. BioEstat version 5.0 and SPSS packages of ware were used for statistical analysis. Parametric Student's t test or nonparametric Mann-Whitney test were applied to detect significant differences (set at p values <0.05). Groups were matched for education and included both males and females. The analysis of subcategories that comprise the MMSE showed significant difference only in the word list memory recall, in which the elderly group showed worse performance compared to the young group. There were statistically significant differences between aged and young adults performances in the following language tests: 1) Reduced Boston Naming, 2) Narrative Performance on the Boston “cookies theft picture” description, 3) Metaphors; 4) Emotional and Linguistic Prosody. As compared to the young adults, aged subjects showed worse performances on ten different measurements of visuo-spatial CANTAB memory and learning tests. Euclidean distances and discriminant analysis from cluster analysis applied to CANTAB and language results demonstrated that CANTAB tests distinguished the groups with higher resolution. The effects of aging o neuropsychological tests results revealed that the visual memory selected tests from CANTAB battery, are more sensitive and better discriminates subgroups in both young adults and aged voluntaries. We concluded that the large-scale application of CANTAB selected tests, both in longitudinal and in cross-sectional studies, will increase our ability to distinguish the limits between normal and pathological aging.
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Estratificação de risco de fragilidade, incapacidade e avaliação de distúrbios de sono na pessoa idosa residente da comunidade: estudo transversal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-30) RIBEIRO, Breno Caldas; CARNEIRO, Saul Rassy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9162153771863939; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6825-0239; NEVES, Laura Maria Tomazi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4235603520707156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3115-2571
Background: Fragility is considered a state of vulnerability to health stressors, rendering elderly individuals susceptible to disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Recent studies have indicated an increase in the prevalence of frailty risk among older adults with sleep disturbances. Given that frailty is a dynamic condition with the potential for reversal, it is imperative to screen for possible modifiable factors to prevent, mitigate, or interrupt the frailty process. Consequently, there is a need for the stratification of frailty and an investigation into the potential associations between sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and the risk of sleep disorders in older adults. Objective: To stratify the risk of frailty and disability and investigate potential associations with sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and the risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This study employs a quantitative cross-sectional design, adhering to the recommendations of The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). The research involves the stratification of frailty and disability using the Frail Non-disable Questionnaire (FiND) and the FRAIL Scale, along with the evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and the risk of OSA through the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESE), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and STOP-BANG questionnaire, respectively. Data normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For binomial categorical comparisons, the Binomial Test was employed, while the Proportions Test was utilized for multiple comparisons. Correlation analysis was conducted using Spearman's Correlation Test. Results: A total of 109 older adults (61% females, p = 0.02) were evaluated, with a median age of 68, from the capital city (86%), self-identified as mixed race (68%), and in a state of preobesity (36%). According to FiND, 26% of participants were deemed frail and 32% were considered incapable. In contrast, according to the FRAIL Scale, 33% were pre-frail and 25% were frail. In addition, most patients had poor sleep quality (80%, p = 0.010), moderate risk of obstructive sleep apnea (49%, p < 0.010) and absence of excessive daytime sleepiness (62%, p < 0.010). There was a weak relationship between frailty and disability with poor sleep quality (rho = 0.39; p < 0.001) and risk of obstructive sleep apnea (rho = 0.26; p = 0.000). No relationship was observed between frailty and disability and excessive daytime sleepiness (rho = 0.04; p = 0.660). A weak relationship with sleep quality (rho = 0.33; p < 0.001) and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (rho = 0.27; p = 0.001) was also observed in the analysis of correlation with frailty, but no relationship was found with excessive daytime sleepiness (rho = 0.05; p = 0.590). Conclusion: This study showed a weak relationship between the risk of frailty 8 and disability with sleep quality and the risk of obstructive apnea, but no relationship was observed with excessive daytime sleepiness.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo antropométrico do idoso da amazônia para fins projetuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-19) PEDROSO, Ana Cristina Pacha de Carvalho; PERDIGÃO, Ana Klaudia de Almeida Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486
There are investigated measures of upper limb reach from elderly Amazon for aims of conception of the architectural design that contribute to the knowledge of man’s specific anthropometric Amazon. The research develops in three stages considering anthropometry static, dynamic anthropometry and evaluation of normative NBR 9050 with seniors 60 years or older. The anthropometric measurements of static nature were taken by direct method with objective measures while the dynamic nature, were taken by indirect method with objective measures and filming of reaching movements. The obtained data were compared with those from other regions of Brazil. Finally, evaluate measures of Amazon regarding the technical parameters of the upper limbs reach that can subsidize the architectural design to contribute to discussion of the legislation in force. Brazil experience a major demographic shift related to the aging of its population age structure, with significant presence of persons aged 60 or more, for whom scientific knowledge needs new answers. The hypothesis that the measures for manuals reach predicted in the NBR 9050 are not suitable for the elderly Amazon is confirmed to reach on foot and not confirmed to reach sitting.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo exploratório de alterações na linguagem em pacientes com Alzheimer em indivíduos com baixa escolaridade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-21) LIEBENTRITT, Edilene Maia; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286
The present report describes features of the language, especially some of the discursive aspects of healthy elderly or with mild cognitive decline or with mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease. A total of 44 elderly were evaluated, including 22 healthy, 4 with mild cognitive decline, 9 with mild Alzheimer disease and 9 with moderate Alzheimer's disease, classified by the CDR criteria. Mini-mental state examination, the short version of Boston naming, verbal fluency and narrative tests by visual confrontation (based on the oral description of picture cookie theft) were applied. Performances were estimated on the selected tests and the oral narratives were classified and assessed using Groves - Wright criteria. Parametric statistical tests were applied and the level of significant statistical differences was set at p<0.05. An inventory and analysis of the lexicon and grammatical categories from the oral narratives were performed using Z scores. To that end the STABLEX software was applied. As compared with mild cognitive decline it was found that semantic verbal fluency is better in the healthy elderly. The narratives showed statistically significant differences between healthy elderly and mild cognitive impairment in the analysis of frequency of use of vocabulary and grammatical categories as a whole, and statistically significant differences between healthy and all other groups in the analysis of each grammatical category. The analysis of the vocabulary and grammatical categories allowed to identify impairments of narrative function as measured by the type of vocabulary and preferred or rejected grammatical categories. The results contribute to distinguish the characteristics of the narrative of healthy elderly, elderly with mild cognitive decline or with mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease, pointing out early changes in language aspects that may possibly be used to evaluate the progression of the disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Healthy aging profile in octogenarians in Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-29) CAMPOS, Ana Cristina Viana; FERREIRA, Efigênia Ferreira e; VARGAS, Andréa Maria Duarte; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase
Objective: to identify the healthy aging profile in octogenarians in Brazil. Method: this population-based epidemiological study was conducted using household interviews of 335 octogenarians in a Brazilian municipality. The decision-tree model was used to assess the healthy aging profile in relation to the socioeconomic characteristics evaluated at baseline. All of the tests used a p-value < 0.05. Results: the majority of the 335 participating older adults were women (62.1%), were aged between 80 and 84 years (50.4%), were widowed (53.4%), were illiterate (59.1%), had a monthly income of less than one minimum wage (59.1%), were retired (85.7%), lived with their spouse (63.8%), did not have a caregiver (60.3%), had two or more children (82.7%), and had two or more grandchildren (78.8%). The results indicate three age groups with a healthier aging profile: older adults aged 80 to 84 years (55.6%), older adults aged 85 years and older who are married (64.9%), and older adults aged 85 and older who do not have a partner or a caregiver (54.2%). Conclusion: the healthy aging profile of octogenarians can be explained by age group, marital status, and the presence of a caregiver.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Human aging and somatic point mutations in mtDNA: a comparative study of generational differences (grandparents and grandchildren)
(2011) MARINHO, Anderson Nonato do Rosario; MORAES, Milene Raiol de; SANTOS, Sidney Emanuel Batista dos; SANTOS, Ândrea Kely Campos Ribeiro dos
The accumulation of somatic mutations in mtDNA is correlated with aging. In this work, we sought to identify somatic mutations in the HVS-1 region (D-loop) of mtDNA that might be associated with aging. For this, we compared 31 grandmothers (mean age: 63 ± 2.3 years) and their 62 grandchildren (mean age: 15 ± 4.1 years), the offspring of their daughters. Direct DNA sequencing showed that mutations absent in the grandchildren were detected in a presumably homoplasmic state in three grandmothers and in a heteroplasmic state in an additional 13 grandmothers; no mutations were detected in the remaining 15 grandmothers. However, cloning followed by DNA sequencing in 12 grandmothers confirmed homoplasia in only one of the three mutations previously considered to be homoplasmic and did not confirm heteroplasmy in three out of nine grandmothers found to be heteroplasmic by direct sequencing. Thus, of 12 grandmothers in whom mtDNA was analyzed by cloning, eight were heteroplasmic for mutations not detected in their grandchildren. In this study, the use of genetically related subjects allowed us to demonstrate the occurrence of age-related (> 60 years old) mutations (homoplasia and heteroplasmy). It is possible that both of these situations (homoplasia and heteroplasmy) were a long-term consequence of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation that can lead to the accumulation of mtDNA mutations throughout life.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência para idosos da região metropolitana de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12) POLARO, Sandra Helena Isse; FIDERALINO, Joana Cleia Trindade; NUNES, Priscila Araújo de Oliveira; FEITOSA, Elisa da Silva; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase
Descriptive-exploratory study conducted in four long-term institutions for the elderly (ILPI), being two philanthropic and two governmental, in the metropolitan region of Belém city, state of Pará, Brazil. Objective: To describe social characteristics of low income institutionalized elderly in ILPI’s of the metropolitan region of Belém, and also identify the living conditions, health and dependence level, in basic activities of daily living. Methodolog y: the study included 165 institutionalized elderly who were limited to describe data obtained by the Elderly Handbook of the Health Ministry / SUS, evaluating independence in activities of daily living, according to Katz Index. Results: The prevalence of 62.5% unmarried elderly residents, without familiy, reinforces the need and usefulness of the ILPI as an alternative geronto-geriatric program for society. For the age group of 80 years and more (49%), among residents, care strategies for elderly focusing on vulnerability and frailty must be reviewed. Physical inactivity within the ILPI (87%) and dependence in activities of daily life (58%) point to the need for increasing daily institutional practices focusing on active ageing. The high prevalence of comorbidities (90%) and polypharmacy (71%) among residents call for specialized care in diseases treatment, control and rehabilitation, maintenance of the possible balance of living and health of those elderly. Conclusion: The long-term institution for the elderly, although being of social nature, considering the findings of this study, requires living and health care actions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência do tamanho da ninhada sobre o declínio cognitivo e a morfologia microglial da camada molecular do giro denteado em rattus novergicus
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-11) OLIVEIRA, Marcus Augusto de; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286; DINIZ JUNIOR, José Antônio Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3850460442622655
It has been proposed that aging is associated with neuroinflammation in the central nervous system but it is not known whether microglial changes induced by aging are affected by early in life effects of litter size. On the other hand the molecular layer of dentate gyrus has been recognized as the main target of the perforant pathway, whose synaptic integrity is essential for the recognition memories of identity and spatial location. In the present report we investigated if aging cognitive decline and microglial morphological changes in the molecular layer are influenced by litter size changes early in life and aging. To assess these questions Wistar rats suckled in litters of six or 12 pups/mother were raised sedentarily in groups of 2-3 from the 21st post-natal day onwards. At four (mature adult) or 23 (aged) months of age were submitted to spatial memory and object identity recognition tests, sacrificed, perfused with aldehyde fixatives and had their brains processed for selective microglia/macrophages immunolabeling with anti-IBA-1 antibodies. A representative sample of the immunolabeled cells in the molecular layer of dentate gyrus was analyzed after three-dimensional reconstruction with Neurolucida software (Microbright Field Inc.) and morphological features of each cell were quantified by Neuroexplorer (Microbright Field Inc.). It was found that Wistar rats maintained all life in standard laboratory cages showed spatial memory deficits in both mature and aged subjects no matter the litter size. On the other hand all aged subjects independent of the litter size had their object recognition identity memory impaired. Microglial morphological analysis revealed that cell soma area and perimeter and branches volume seem to be more intensely affected by aging and that these changes are mainly associated with animals from large litters. In addition it was observed important shrinkage and thickening of the microglial branches in aged individuals in higher proportion in the group from large litters. Taken together the results suggest that spatial memory seems to be more susceptible to the aging process than object recognition and that these changes are associated with distinct effects on the soma and branching patterns of microglia of molecular layer from young and aged subjects.