Navegando por Assunto "Extrativismo vegetal"

Agora exibindo 1 - 12 de 12

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica dos sistemas de produção praticados em uma unidade de conservação de uso direto na Amazônia - a Reserva Extrativista do Rio Cajari no estado do Amapá.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-08-07) SOUSA, Walter Paixão de; FERREIRA, Laura Angélica; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096
This project approaches an specific type of extractivism: the extractivism of Brazil Nut made in the Extractive Reserve of Cajari river in the Amapá State (RESEX/CA). This project is a continuation of researches made in 2000, having as a main focus the understanding of the dynamic production systems used in RESEX/CA. In This project can be noticed that the changes occurred in the systems in a period from 2000 to 2005,more than economic, the remain of agricultural practicing related to the Brazil Nut extraction are ruled for other / different factors. The historical relation between the forest use with the extractivism and agricultural is very complex, thats the reason it can not be valued only by an economical prism. The information demonstrates that the extraction production units are those which have the smaller economical performance, although, there is not a movement of the families in erase this system. In the opposite/ In despite of, the extraction type had not just being keeper, but had improved/razed representatively from 2000 to 2005, showing attraction of this type to the families in RESEX/CA. However, the agro extractive systems had grown also, showing that some families want to achieve a higher quality level of life trough agriculture. About a direct use of conservation unit, to this extractive reserve must be directed support action for small farmers nut to the RESEX/CA, with the purpose that them may have a decent life, without expending in different activitys but extraction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A vida dirige o rio: cem anos de ocupação cabocla e extrativismo madeireiro no Alto Capim
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-02-17) MEDINA, Gabriel; SHANLEY, Patrícia
In the Brazilian Amazon, the increasing rate of deforestation has prompted the international research community to look for solutions that reconcile conservation and development. Since the late 1980s, researchers throughout the world have explored the role that extraction of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) could have to the well-being of forest dwellers as well as to the environment. This thesis explores the role that NTFPs play in the lives of rural communities in a dynamically changing timber frontier region along the Capim River in the eastern Amazonian state of Pará. As the timber industry advances throughout the Amazon basin, communities located along logging frontiers are increasingly approached to sell the rights to their timber. Such communities consider several aspects to assess the value of forest products. Besides socio-economic and ecological values (real value), there is relative value, which strongly influence the way resources are used. This relative value is based on representations regarding the importance of forest products and on the context in which these representations are formed. To explore this theme, the thesis begins with a historical reconstruction of a caboclo community focusing on forest resource use and dynamics during the last hundred years. For the households within the study communities, timber always represented a natural heritage that could be spent over time. It was the principal product with market value and, during initial timber sales, extraction did not significantly reduce access to other forest products. Therefore, timber resources represented an inheritance with exchange value and little conflicting use. Four socioeconomic factors were identified which influenced communities to sell timber despite the losses in NTFPs that they began to experience over time: 1) paternalistic relationships among buyers and caboclos; 2) difficulties in common property resource management; 3) quick cash gained from timber sales guaranteed access to market products and; 4) expanding market involvement required increased cash to meet increasing needs. To understand the value which communities grant to forest products in their decision-making it is fundamental to identify the real alternatives that NTFPs represent to households and to compare this with other land use options.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acordos de pesca: desafios de implementação e consolidação em áreas de várzea do município de Gurupá, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-03) COSTA, Pâmela Melo; MCGRATH, David Gibbs; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4373475491613670
Considering the context in which many decisions Amazon to protect and conserve the environment for the region often arise vertically, with no participation of the users of natural resources, local community in decision-making processes, and end up forgetting the empirical experiences this population is that they did this study. Through the methodological techniques: direct observation, application of semi-structured interviews, analysis of monitoring data sheets, we tried to look at the context of life gurupaense, especially those living on the floodplains of the municipality, and has considered agroextractivists activity fishing source of protein, income and who has been practicing in a shared mechanism of the Fisheries Agreement as a way of managing this activity. The research focuses on the Community Management of Shrimp implementation process and consolidate the participation of experts, NGOs and financing projects, as well as the social, economic and environmental conditions in periods in which there was or not the work of that outside mediation. The study showed that participation of outside mediation stimulated organizational processes and provided the local collective action, which even with the termination of support, self-management and community force is passed on to younger generations, but the study also shows that the challenge best indicators for the environmental levels is required technical support to promote scientific research in the field of Population Dynamics of Fish Stocks.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O amálgama floresta e agricultura na Reserva Extrativista Arióca Pruanã
(2013-06) SILVA JUNIOR, Amintas Lopes da; SANTOS, Sônia Maria Simões Barbosa Magalhães; SABLAYROLLES, Maria das Graças Pires
The present study addresses the role of orchards and yards as interface between agriculture and extractivism in the Arióca Pruanã Extractivist Reserve, in the city of Oeiras, Pará state, Brazil. The agriculture depends on the forest and reconfigures it into secondary forests and orchards, as well as the forest insinuates itself into the yards as the wild plant species are therein introduced by human hands. The result of this management is the agroforestry in the landscape, visible face of the amalgam between agriculture and forest, and reproduction basis of the riparian lifestyle.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atores, canais de comercialização e consumo da mangaba no nordeste brasileiro
(2008-03) MOTA, Dalva Maria da; SCHMITZ, Heribert; SILVA JÚNIOR, Josué Francisco da
The aim of this article is to analyse the processes which begins from raw material extraction to the consumption of mangaba, emphazising different actors, their relationships, marketing channels, and consumption characteristics. The research was carried out in the Northeast of Brazil (Brazilian states of Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe and Pernambuco) using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The main results indicated weak domestication of mangaba trees to attend to an increasing market demand, and threats to extractivism by external factors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmicas territoriais de comunidades rurais extrativistas amazônicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) PÓLEN, Ricardo Reis; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
This work makes a analysis of two extractive rural communities in Abaetetuba , in the Baixo Tocantins region from their production strategies, which have the economic base mainly on the extraction of açaí , where the Campompema community has links with cooperative and the Capim community that have his production marked by individualistic strategies for production and marketing. For such done we work to characterize the typical peasant from Amazon, the riverine, and their strategies for production and social reproduction and their territoriality. Mainly due the açai in recent decades have become a product of high commercial value in domestic and foreign markets. The objective of this analysis was to demonstrate that strategies of collective action, especially cooperatives, is an element that can be worked in order to ensure better living conditions for the riverines and regional markets for its mainly açai products, without losing the ties with the land and strengthening their territoriality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
"É sempre bom ter nosso dinheiro": sobre a mulher e o extrativismo da mangaba
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) FERNANDES, Thiara; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4129724001987611
In this research is analyzed the woman autonomy in the Mangaba fruit (Hancornia speciosa) extraction in a farm work family regime, through the study of their everyday extraction activities and the use of their resources. Aiming that, I carried out a case study in a coastline in the north of Brazil, Pará‘s Salgado micro region in the municipality of Maracanã, Espírito Santo community. Academic researches point that in the farm work the woman activity is constantly subordinate to the man‘s, and it is understood as just a ―helping hand‖ even when they dedicate the same or more and obtain the same work results. Differently, researches about women work in the extraction activity suggest that they develop this work with autonomy, mainly the mangaba fruit pickers, the babaçu fruit breakers and the rubber tree tappers. The case study was held in the community with 15 families following direct observation, structured and semi structured interviews. Two aspects were analyzed: i) the woman productive and domestic work and ii) the income access and enjoyment conceived by her work. The main conclusions showed that, concerning to the farm work, different family arrangements are always associated to the domestic structure operation maintenance. About the resources conceived, the mangaba fruit harvest is the only season of the year that the farm work women can save a little ―savings‖ that is spent reasonably during the year, to possible eventualities, such as family diseases and acquisition of consumer goods. Besides, they use the resources to buy input to the animal husbandry. That way, mangaba fruit extraction, that is a seasonal activity, subsidizes the existence of further activities. Concerning to autonomy, 66% of women who are involved in the mangaba fruit extraction state their own autonomy in the work and in the income as well. In 33% of cases, they state themselves as subordinated to men.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Extractivismo de Palmas por la etnia shuar y su influencia en la transformacion sócio-ambiental, en el alto Nangaritza, Amazonia ecuatoriana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-08-31) PARDO ENRÍQUEZ, Dalton Marcelo; MCGRATH, David Gibbs; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4373475491613670
The present study has been carried out in the Southeastern sector of the Ecuadorian Amazon, in the Protected Area of the high Nangaritza River basin in three Indigenous Centers of the Shuar People: Shaime, Yayu and Napints, which belong to the Political-Administrative jurisdiction of the Zurmi Parish, in Nangaritza Corner, Province of Zamora Chinchipe. They are organized and represented in the Shuar Tayunts Association, in addition to its Directors and Central Clubs. This work is an effort to present the Shuar’s socio-environmental dynamics on the exploitation of palms, for which a socio-historical analysis of these three Centers is realized. Its floristic composition and palms were studied taking into consideration the ecological parameters, density, basal area, frequency, importance value index, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the Sorensen similarity index; as well as the sustainability of use and handling that their populations make, which results are a valuable contribution offered to to future management and recovery of the area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O extrativismo de mangaba é “trabalho de mulher”?: duas situações empíricas no Nordeste e Norte do Brasil
(2008-12) MOTA, Dalva Maria da; SCHMITZ, Heribert; SILVA JÚNIOR, Josué Francisco da; RODRIGUES, Raquel Fernandes de Araújo; ALVES, Jackeline Nakata F.
Despite recent academic investments, the work of the women is not very well known yet, as the insistent initiatives of emphasizing its importance for their lives prove to be, so they become more visible and valued. This little knowledge agrees with the fact that the habitual categories of economical and social analysis, for a long time, either omitted or denied female activities, or associated them exclusively to a particular universe called “the works of the women”, marked by a large number stereotypes which escamoteiam socially acquired capacities. The aim of this article is to analyze the social construction of the notion of “work of women” from the refl ection of the two empirical situations of the Extractivism of mangaba practiced, predominantly, by the women of the North and Northeast of Brazil. The research was made in 2007, in the towns of Indiaroba/SE (Village of Pontal) and in Salvaterra/PA (Marajó Island). Besides the distance and the social-cultural particularities, there is still the idea that the extractivism of mangaba is “work of women”. What are the meanings attributed to this expression in so different contexts?
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Gestão coletiva de bens comuns no extrativismo da mangaba no nordeste do Brasil
(2009-12) SCHMITZ, Heribert; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; SILVA JÚNIOR, Josué Francisco da
This article analyses the collective management of common goods within the context of mangaba fruit collection; it focuses on the access to resources, the institutional arrangements and the social conflicts among the involved actors. The research was undertaken in northeastern Brazil and is based on observations, interviews and secondary data. The study demonstrates the existence of well preserved mangaba trees due to collective management.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metodologia para avaliação do grau de sustentabilidade utilizando a lógica fuzzy: aplicação na indústria madeireira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05) LEAL, Maria de Fatima Mendes; MONTENEGRO, André Augusto Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973; MANESCHY, Carlos Edilson de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3638082762153871
The economic needs of industries as well as the necessity of preservation of the environment require a development of its activities in a way that is environmentally responsible and, consequently, with the proper use of natural resources. The economy of the state of Pará is based on agriculture, livestock and vegetable and mineral extraction being the last one represented, mainly by wood. Certainly, it will contribute to the sustainable use of forest resources, an assessment that quantifies the subsystems environmental, economic and social, that are the basis of sustainability. Studying the segment of improvement and exportation of wood it was used fuzzy logic in a proposed methodology for determining the degree of sustainability that, in this study, may vary on a scale from 0 to 10, quantifying not only the condition of sustainability itself, but also indicating which subsystems or components need to be improved. The determination of public policy for the forestry sector can be performed using the same methodology, since that the necessary legal adjustments are made.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Valorização de produtos florestais não madeireiros: o manejo de bacurizeiros (Platonia insignis Mart.) nativos das mesorregiões nordeste paraense e do Marajó
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-06-13) MATOS, Grimoaldo Bandeira de; HOMMA, Alfredo Kingo Oyama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1026511676619526
This work investigates the extraction process of the bacuri fruit as one of the activities of small farming agriculture in selected municipal districts of Northeastern Pará State and of Marajó Island, considering its potential growth as a product for agroindustry and in the recovery of degraded areas in the Eastern Amazon. The handling systems and the description of the practices adopted by the farmers were identified. This study is part of the Bacuri Project of Embrapa Eastern Amazon, financed by the State Fund Support for Scientific Research and Technology (Funtec), of the extinct Special Secretary of Science, Technology and Environment of Pará State (Sectam), of the Amazon Bank and of the Pilot Program for the Protection of the Tropical Forests of Brazil (PPG7). The methodology used in this study involved interviews with 108 producers, by means of the application of a questionnaire, interviews with the people involved in the commercialization process, communities' leaders and the direct observation of the areas of occurrence. The questions in the questionnaire aimed to identify the composition of the family, of the land use, of the characteristics of the bacuri trees and of the typology and of the farmers' activities. In relationship to the management of native bacuri trees, the handling techniques that are adopted, the flowering season, the pollination agents, the productivity, the types, size and durability of the fruits, the gathering process, the transportation and commercialization of the fruits and of the pulp, the labor allocation in the gathering of the fruits, the improvement of the pulp, and the revenue of the pulp were described. It was verified that, even in the absence of research results on the management systems of bacuri trees, the producers tend to develop technological solutions in order to reach the foreseen objectives. The management system constitutes an intermediate phase between pure extractions for rational planting. The growth of the market for bacuri fruits is exercising an influence in the conservation of the bacuri trees and in the development of handling techniques that seek to increase production. Nine types of handling techniques adopted by the small farmers were also identified in the interviews. It is expected that, with the adoption of more efficient management systems, it will be possible to increase the productivity of native bacuri trees – that presently varies from 0.5 to l.5 tree/hectare – to 100 trees/hectare, with appropriate spacing of 10m x 10m to increase the productivity of land and labor, thus allowing to pick larger amounts of fruit in less time. This also represents an alternative for the recovery of degraded areas with the use of secondary vegetation (capoeira), as well as a source of income and employment for the small farmers of Northeastern Pará State and of Marajó Island, with the support of available credit lines.