Navegando por Assunto "Extratos vegetais"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Atividade antibacteriana de plantas medicinais frente á bactérias multirresistentes e a sua interação com drogas antimicrobianas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-28) SARAIVA, Rosa Márcia Corrêa; VIEIRA, José Maria dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6807452375674442Infection control of the multidrug-resistant microorganisms sometimes is ineffective even with the development of new antibiotics. Many herbal extracts have antimicrobial effects and may represent an alternative therapy for infectious diseases, mainly when associated with antibiotics of clinical use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of medicinal plants in multidrug-resistant microorganisms and their interaction with antimicrobial agents. We evaluate the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and fractions of Eleutherine plicata (“marupazinho”) Geissospermum vellosii (“pau-pereira”) and Portulaca pilosa (“amor-crescido”) against isolates of Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) and multi-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, from human clinical isolates. Also we evaluate interaction of these plant extracts with antimicrobial agents of clinical use. The antibacterial activity was determined by disk diffusion on Mueller Hinton agar and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by micro dilution plate technique using Muller Hinton broth as culture medium and 0.01% resazurin as a developer of bacterial growth. The extracts and fractions were tested at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.2 and 16.2 μg/mL dissolved in 10% DMSO. Plants E. plicata and G. vellosii demonstrated activity against ORSA isolates with MICs of 125 μg/mL, whereas P. pilosa had an effect on the isolates of P. aeruginosa with MIC of 250 μg/mL. There were 25% of synergism and only 5% of antagonism of all 120 plant and antimicrobial agents interaction tested. ORSA isolates had synergistic interaction with ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and vancomycin agents and with both plant derivatives of E. plicata and G. vellosii. The derivatives of P. pilosa potentiated the action of the aztreonam, cefepime and piperacillin + tazobactam agents compared to the isolates of P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant. The results shows therapeutic potential of E. plicata, G. vellosii and P. pilosa in the control of bacterial infections involving multidrug-resistant phenotype (MDR) and its interaction with antibacterial agents may represent a new alternative in the therapy of these infections.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação anticonvulsivante e pró-convulsivante de óleos essenciais de Lippia origanoides e Rosmarinus officinalis em ratos: um estudoeletrofisiológico(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-05) ARAÚJO, Daniella Bastos de; HAMOY, Moisés; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4523340329253911; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2931-4324Epilepsy is a neuronal disorder characterized by abnormal brain excitability, leading to seizures. Only about 66% of epileptic patients respond adequately to treatment with existing conventional anticonvulsants, making it necessary to investigate new antiepileptic drugs. The growing research on natural products and their pharmacological properties has become increasingly promising, particularly in the study of essential oils, already widely used in popular culture for the treatment of several diseases. The present studies evaluated the anti- and pro-convulsant effects of the essential oils of Lippia origanoides (LOEO) and Rosmarinus officinalis (EORO) in Wistar rats. We evaluated the essential oil of Lippia origanoides (LOEO) (100 mg/kg i. p.) in comparison with diazepam (DZP) (5 mg/kg i. p.) and the combined administration of these two substances to control seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (60 mg/kg i. p.). This evaluation was carried out using 108 male Wistar rats, which were divided into two experiments. Experiment 1 – Behavioral evaluation and Experiment 2 – Electrocorticographic evaluation. With rosemary essential oil, we evaluated high doses in 54 Wistar rats, weighing between 180 and 200 g. The study consisted of three experiments: 1) behavioral monitoring of the animals after administration of 500 mg/kg i.p.; 2) electrocorticographic recordings after drug administration; 3) reaction to anticonvulsant drugs, where phenytoin, phenobarbital and diazepam (10 mg/kg i.p.) were administered. With LOEO, the animals presented a more intense decrease in respiratory rate when combined with LOEO + DZP. EEG recordings showed a reduction in firing amplitude in the groups treated with LOEO. Combined treatment with diazepam resulted in increased anticonvulsant effects, while with EORO, the results demonstrated an increase in the latency time for the onset of isolated clonic seizures without loss of the postural reflex. The animals showed a more intense decrease in respiratory rate when combined with LOEO + DZP. EEG recordings showed a reduction in firing amplitude in the groups treated with LOEO. Combined treatment with diazepam resulted in increased anticonvulsant effects. Treatment with LOEO was effective in controlling seizures, and its combination with diazepam may represent a future option for the treatment of difficult-to-control seizures, while treatment with EORO demonstrated an excitatory activity related to the reduction of GABAergic activity.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação dos efeitos no sistema nervoso central e estresse oxidativo do extrato hidroalcoólico de Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolacaceae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) ANDRADE, Thaís Montenegro de; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação in vitro da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos vegetais sobre microrganismos relacionados à lesão de mucosite oral(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-10-14) ARAÚJO, Núbia Rafaela Ribeiro; VIEIRA, José Maria dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6807452375674442Oral mucositis is the most common oral complication in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Several microorganisms may be present in this oral lesion which complicates treatment. Antimicrobial property of plants has been studied in order to confirm its action and potential to control infectious diseases, mainly due to raise of antimicrobial known resistant microorganisms. Study aimed to observe inhibitory action of plant extracts from Arrabidaea chica, Bryophyllum calycinum, Mansoa alliacea, Azadirachta indica, Senna alata, Vatairea guianensis, Vismia guianensis, Ananas erectifolius, Psidium guajava, Euterpe oleracea and Symphonia globulifera on strains of microorganisms usually involved in lesions of oral mucositis, Streptococcus mitis (ATCC 903), Streptococcus sanguis (ATCC 10557), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), Candida albicans (ATCC 40175), Candida krusei (ATCC 40147), and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC 40038). The evaluation of antimicrobial activity and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were carried out using disk diffusion method on a solid medium. The raw extracts of plants were tested at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, and 15.62 mg/mL using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent. Anani and pirarucu extracts have presented the widest spectrum of action, inhibiting growth of seven microorganisms among the eight tested. The lowest MIC was obtained from anani, lacre, and mata pasto extracts. Anani extract was the most active and has demonstrated good antimicrobial activity (MIC below 100 mg / mL) against seven microorganisms (S. aureus, C. albicans, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, S. mitis. S. sanguis, and S. mutans), showing inactivity only to P. aeruginosa. Lacre extract has shown good activity against five microorganisms. Faveira extract has shown good activity against S. aureus, S. mitis, and C. albicans while P. aeruginosa was the most resistant microorganism showing susceptibility only to pariri and pirarucu extracts. Among evaluated extracts, only curuauá have shown no activity on any microorganisms. The results have demonstrated antimicrobial properties of plant products tested. However, further approaches shall clarify mechanisms of action and possible interactions with antimicrobial drugs, aiming the treatment of infectious diseases.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação in vitro do potencial genotóxico e citotóxico do extrato do açaí (Euterpe oleracea) clarificado sobre a linhagem celular AGP01 (câncer gástrico)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01) SANTOS, Thiago Souza; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodríguez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-234XAçaí (Euterpe oleracea MART) is a fruit of great importance for the Amazon region in nutritional, cultural and socioeconomic terms. In recent years, açaí has been the subject of several studies due to its beneficial properties for health, including effects against tumor cells. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate in vitro the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the clarified extract of açaí juice in a human metastatic gastric cancer cell line (AGP01 cells). For comparison purposes, a non-transformed cell line of African green monkey renal epithelial cells (VERO cells) was used. The viability assay by resazurin reduction, the comet assay, the determination of cell death by differential fluorescent dyes and the wound healing migration assay were performed. A reduction in viability was observed only in the AGP01 line within 72h. There was no genotoxic damage or cell death (through apoptosis or necrosis) in any of the cell lines. However, açaí extract induced motility reduction in both cell lines. The reduction in cell viability and the induction of the anti-migratory effect in the AGP01 cell line opens perspectives for exploring the potential of Euterpe oleracea as an adjuvant in the treatment of gastric cancer.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caracterização química, avaliação da toxicidade oral aguda e da atividade antinociceptiva do extrato metanólico das folhas de Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) COSTA, Wellington Junior Taisho Nagahama; AMARANTE, Cristine Bastos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4101983776191966; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-8180; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806Background: Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott is popularly known as “aninga”, “aningaçu”, “aningaíba” and “aninga-do-igapó”. The compresses and plasters from the leaves of the medicinal plant are used to treat abscesses, tumors and pain caused by stingray stings. Aim of the study: The study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of the methanolic extract of Montrichardia linifera leaves (MEMLL), as well as carry out chemical characterization and acute oral toxicity. Materials and methods: The leaves were collected during the rainy season and the methanolic extract was obtained after gradient extraction in different solvents. The MEMLL was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The evaluation of the acute oral toxicity test was used to observe the presence of toxic substances. Subsequently, acetic acid, hot plate and formalin tests were used to evaluate the analgesic effects. Results: The HPLC fingerprint analysis allowed the identification of rutin, quercetin and epicatechin. The analysis of NMR spectra identified rutin and quercetin, as well as the flavonoids luteolin and chrysoeriol. The MEMLL did not demonstrate effects considered toxic. In the acetic acid test, the MEMLL inhibited peripheral pain by 51.46% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 75.08% (p < 0.001) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The hot plate test evaluated the latency time of animals, demonstrating central activity at 30 and 60 min increasing by 164.43% (p < 0.01) and 122.95% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg /kg and 162.62% (p < 0.01) and 136.68% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The formalin test evaluated the central and peripheral antinociceptive effect of the MEMLL. In the neurogenic phase, a reduction of 35.25% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 52.30% (p < 0.01) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. In inflammatory pain, a reduction of 66.39% (p < 0.0001) and 72.15% (p < 0.0001) was observed. Conclusion: The antinociceptive activity supports its ethnopharmacological use. This analgesic effect is probably associated with the identified flavonoids, all of which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. Furthermore, the MEMLL was non-toxic.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeito citoprotetor e cicatrizante gástrico do extrato padronizado de Euterpe oleracea Mart.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05) SOUZA, Keyla Rodrigues de; MELLO, Vanessa Jóia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9437589201689717A gastric ulcer is an acidic peptic lesion of the digestive tract resulting from an imbalance between the factors that damage the mucosa and those that protect it. It is a prevalent disease throughout the world and the medications used to treat it, although efficient, have side effects. Among these, açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), has high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity due to its composition of bioactive phytochemicals that include the class of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and other flavonoids with promising health effects. The present work investigated the cytoprotective and gastric healing activity of the standardized extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (EO). Initially, the ability of EO to promote increased cell migration of epithelial-type cells (Vero) in the in vitro healing model was evaluated. In the spectrum of evaluation of in vivo antiulcer activity, initially, the cytoprotective activity of EO was determined in gastric ulcer models induced by ethanol and indomethacin. Furthermore, the action of EO on gastric secretion was investigated. The in vivo healing effect was evaluated in a gastric ulcer model induced by acetic acid. Treatment with EO at a concentration of (1 μg/mL) promoted a significant increase in cell migration after 48 hours. Pre-treatment with EO at doses of (2.5 μL/g and 10 μL/g) reduced the area of gastric lesions in ulcer models induced by ethanol and indomethacin. EO was not able to increase pH and reduce acidity or volume of gastric secretion to levels similar to animals treated with omeprazole (20 mg/kg) in a pylorus ligation model. In the gastric ulcer model induced by acetic acid, treatment with EO at doses of (2.5 μL/g and 10 μL/g) for eight days reduced the area of the acid-induced gastric ulcer, increasing the healing rate when compared to animals without treatment (one way ANOVA, post-Tukey test p < 0.0001). EO treatment in the acetic acid model also increased catalase activity, increased total glutathione levels, and reduced malondialdehyde and nitrite levels compared to untreated animals. According to the results, the standardized extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (EO) showed a healing effect in both in vitro and in vivo studies. It presented a cytoprotective effect that is probably not related to a capacity to modulate gastric secretion, but possibly related to the reduction of oxidative stress and its healing effects.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeito da temperatura e molaridade na avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana, citotóxica e antioxidante do bio-óleo da semente do açaí (Euterpe oleracea, Mart.)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) SILVA, Iago Castro da; MACHADO, Nélio Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5698208558551065; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-5650Açaí, a fruit from the Amazon, is valuable both economically and nutritionally. Its seeds, which are typically discarded, can be converted into bio-oil through pyrolysis (a process of thermochemical degradation of residual biomass), offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This study explores how temperature and molarity with Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) and Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), which are chemical impregnation reagents in the process, affect the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of the produced bio-oil. Tests were conducted using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and assays to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities at different temperatures (350, 400, and 450 °C) and molarities (0.5 M, 1.0 M, and 2.0 M). Phenolic compounds were the most abundant in the bio-oil (55.70%), followed by cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons (11.89%) and linear hydrocarbons (9.64%). Despite a reduction in oxygenated compounds, the bio-oil retained bacteriostatic activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus across various temperature ranges, with notable effectiveness at 350 °C. Antioxidant activity was highest at 350 °C and at lower molarities. Furthermore, lower concentrations of acidic impregnation exhibited cytotoxic effects at high temperatures. Thus, bio-oil from açaí seeds generated through pyrolysis shows potential for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, suggesting feasibility for further testing in dilutions with lower cytotoxicity.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeitos anti-inflamatórios e neuroprotetores do extrato de gergelim preto (Sesamum indicum L.) em um modelo experimental de isquemia estrial(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03) SANTOS, Ijair Rogério Costa dos; LEAL, Walace Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2085871005197072Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) é uma neuropatologia caracterizada como o surgimento súbito global ou focal de déficits da função neurológica de duração superior a 24 horas ou que leve a morte, cuja única causa reside na origem vascular. Estudos sobre a incidência, comprometimento físico e mortalidade enquadram o AVE como a segunda causa de morte no mundo e a principal complicação orgânica que leva às disfunções físico-neurológicas, frequentemente, graves e permanentes. A indução do AVE em animais de experimentação e o entendimento de sua fisiopatologia, bem como a busca de tratamentos que minimizem os danos neurológicos e estimulem a recuperação morfofuncional do indivíduo afetado são temas de grande relevância científica e clínica. Neste estudo, investigamos os possíveis efeitos neuroprotetores e/ou anti-inflamatórios do extrato supercrítico de gergelim preto (Sesamun indicum L.) após lesão isquêmica focal por microinjeções de 80 pmol de endotelina-1 no estriado de ratos adultos, usando as coordenadasestereotáxicas: 1,2 mm, anterior-posterior; 2,5 mm, médio-lateral; 4,0 mm, dorsoventral. Após a indução do AVE, os grupos controles foram tratados com tween a 5% e os tratados receberam 150 mg/kg de gergelim, ambos, por via intraperitoneal, em duas doses diárias de 75 mg/kg. A neuropatologia foi obtida em secções encefálicas com 50 e 20 μm de espessuras e coradas com violeta de cresila, para identificar a área de lesão, e/ou imunomarcadas por anticorpos específicos à identificação de neurônios (anti-NeuN), astrócitos (anti-GFAP) e micróglia (anti-ED1). Secções de 5 μm de espessura de rim e fígado corados por métodos histológicos e histoquímicos não mostraram alterações morfológicas nas células que compõem esses órgãos essenciais, sugerindo baixa toxicidade do extrato. Todas as secções coradas e/ou imunomarcadas foram visualizadas em microscópio óptico e seuscampos mais ilustrativos, em todos os tempos de sobrevida e grupos experimentais,foram capturados digitalmente e editados em computador. A quantificação das célulasNeuN+(neurônios), micróglia/macrófagos (ED1+) e astrócitos (GFAP+) na área de lesão, três secções por lâmina, todo campo ao redor de lesão por secção, com auxílio de uma gradícula de área 0,0625 mm2 na ocular possibilitou o teste t-Student à análise estatística entre os grupos e o uso do programa Microsoft Excel à plotagem dos gráficos. Por fim, uma caracterização da citotoxicidade in vitro, bem como a verificação do índice de acidez do extrato revelou baixa acidez e mínima agressividade em células sanguíneas, que ratifica o uso do extrato supercrítico em estudos que visem otratamento de doenças agudas e crônicas no SNC.