Navegando por Assunto "Farinha de mandioca"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Da seringa à farinhada: produção e modo de vida na Reserva Extrativista Riozinho da Liberdade, Vale do Juruá – Acre
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-27) SOUSA, Tatiane Silva; O’DWYER, Eliane Cantarino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7254906067108841; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-188X
This work has as its objective to observe the dynamics of social relations networks in order to verify how people and groups build strategies to ensure the reproduction of their social, cultural and economic practices in communities localized in Extractive Reserve (RESEX) Riozinho da Liberdade, Alto Juruá, Acre. For such, I use the concept of social networks as method strategy and techniques such as observant participation in the communities Morro da Pedra and periquito. Photos, interviews, genealogies and keeping a field notebook were also techniques used. I initially address the historical and social intricacies that culminated in the formation of the Vale do Juruá’s rubber tapper settlements in the Juruá Valley, Acre, based on a brief historical overview of events that range from the first rubber cycle with the establishment of the rubber plantation (1870-1912), until its collapse, when there was an end to protectionist rubber policies and the advance of the border in the Acre Amazon at the end of the 20th century, a moment in which the political and economic interests of the Brazilian State towards the Amazon changed, which started to encourage its colonization and finance infrastructure projects that have come to threaten the way of life of people from traditional communities, a situation that has led to a series of local conflicts in Acre. At this time, the rubber tappers' social movement emerged as a form of resistance, which was initially organized and represented by the Rural Workers' Union (STR). Union stations in rubber tapper settlements, as well as Rubber Tapper’s National Council (CNS) and local associations, were founded during this time, which came to enhance their struggle. The rubber tapper’s social movement established alliances with indigenous peoples, the environmental movement, international organisms and other institutions, pressuring the Brazilian State to recognize their social and territorial rights to put an end to the system of trading outposts managed by landlords (barracões) and to create the RESEXs. At RESEX Riozinho da Liberdade, created in 2005 after another decade of struggle, the end of the extractive activity as the main source of income brought with it a period of changes. The rubber tappers began to dedicate themselves to agriculture, cultivating mainly manioc flour. Families migrate from settlements in the interior of the forest (colocações) and gather on the banks of the Riozinho da Liberdade, where public institutions began to operate in the 1990s, influencing the formation of communities that exist today on the banks of the river. It is observed that between the period of colocações and now there are structural continuities in the way in which domestic groups build their exchange and kinship relationships. Until today relationships of asymmetric trading (aviamento) occurs, but the immobilization of labor as was previously the case in the rubber plantations no longer occurs. The creation of RESEX assured territorial rights, but not new sources of income based on extractivism, which has been worked on by new associations, albeit in an incipient form. Local networks based on kinship, reciprocity, supply and assistance are important to guarantee production, marketing, food and assistance in times of difficulty. In this way, guaranteeing security, social and economic stability to domestic groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Farinha de "pau" e de "guerra": os usos da farinha de mandioca no extremo Norte (1722-1759)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) CRUZ, Roberto Borges da; MOURÃO, Leila; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5665064793338456
This dissertation analyzes the uses of cassava flour in the State of Maranhão and Grão-Pará in period 1722-1759, highlighting the flour as the staple food of indigenous peoples, full of cultural and symbolic aspects. Also examines how this food has acquired particular importance among the Portuguese colonizers, becoming a key element in the process of colonization of the Portuguese Crown in the far north, focusing on relevant aspects of circulation and marketing of flour and the role of labor Indian in the spheres of production, circulation and of this kind.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Farinha de mandioca (Manihot esculenta) e tucupi: uma abordagem analítica utilizando espectroscopia no unfravermelho próximo (NIRS) e ferramentas quimiométricas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-25) POMPEU, Darly Rodrigues; SOUZA, Jesus Nazareno Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3640438725903079; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3452623210043423
The near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) coupled to chemometrics has been used as an alternative tool for quick and reliable solutions. Cassava flour (CF) can be classified as fermented and non-fermented types. Tucupi is a yellow broth, acidic, mostly aromatic and widely used in Regional dishes in Para state. This thesis proposed to apply for the first time the NIRS associated with chemometrics to predict quality parameters from CF and tucupi, as well as to discriminate fermented and non-fermented CF. One hundred six samples of CF was investigated and nine physicochemical parameters of CF were evaluated. Calibration equations with independent validation were developed to predict all parameters using the partial least square regression method. The performance of models was evaluated by the root mean standard error of calibration (RMSEC) and validation (RMSEV), and R2 values. The aW (RMSEC = RMSEV = 0.05), moisture content (RMSEC = 0.35%; RMSEV = 0.45%) and pH (RMSEC = 0.16; RMSEV = 0.18) could be predicted (R2 > 0.727) by NIRS coupled to multivariate analysis. NIRS coupled to Principal Component Analysis–Linear Discriminant Analysis (PCA-LDA) was also used to investigate the classification of fermented and unfermented CF. The use of NIRS spectra allows to obtain better performance parameters (training accuracy: 86.3–93.8%; validation accuracy: 84.6–96.2%) to discriminate fermented and unfermented CF than the use of the physicochemical properties (training accuracy: 80%; validation accuracy: 84.6%). NIRS was also used to predict nine quality physicochemical properties of tucupi Sixty-five samples of tucupi were used in this study. The performance of models was evaluated by the R2, RMSEC, root mean standard error of cross-validation (RMSECV) and RMSEV values. The total soluble solids contents could be predicted (R2 > 0.727; RMSEC = 0.184%; RMSECV = 0.411%; RMSEV = 0.338%) by NIRS coupled to multivariate analysis. NIRS and chemometrics proved to be a powerful tool to predict quality parameters in CF and tucupi as well as to discriminate fermented and non-fermented CF.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hygroscopic behaviour of cassava flour from dry and water groups
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08) CHISTÉ, Renan Campos; CARDOSO, Jonnahta Monteiro; SILVA, Diego Aires da; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva
Cassava flour from dry and water groups are important starch products widely consumed in the Amazonian region of Brazil. In this study, the moisture sorption isotherms of cassava flour from dry and water groups were obtained in the water activity (aw) range from 0.09 to 0.94 (dry group) and 0.07 to 0.93 (water group) at 25°C and the applicability of eight mathematical models in data prediction was evaluated. Both cassava flour from dry and water groups exhibited type II isotherms (sigmoid) and the hysteresis effect between adsorption and desorption isotherms was shown almost over the entire range of aw. The moisture of cassava flour from dry and water groups should not exceed 11.3g H2O 100g-1(aw=0.6) to ensure the theoretical microbiological stability and the monolayer moisture value (9.0 and 7.9 g H2O 100g-1, respectively) indicated the level of moisture content to be reached during the drying process to avoid unnecessary power consumption. Finally, the data fit showed that the mathematical model of GAB were able to predict efficiently the sorption isotherms of both cassava flour from dry and water group at the entire aw range.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impacto da farinha de mandioca fortificada com ferro aminoácido quelato no nível de hemoglobina de pré-escolares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-03) TUMA, Rahilda Conceição Ferreira Brito; YUYAMA, Lucia Kiyoko Ozaki; AGUIAR, Jaime Paiva Lopes; MARQUES, Hedylamar Oliveira
Objective: The impact of the cassava flour fortified with iron amino acid chelate was evaluated in 80 pre-scholars of a Philanthropic Unit of Manaus, state of Amazonas, randomly distributed in four groups of 20 children each, for a period of 120 days. Methods: Cassava flour was used without fortification (group zero) or fortified with 1, 2 and 3mg of Fe/day, corresponding respectively to 5, 10 and 15g of flour/day, which were given to the children at lunch time on weekdays. The equivalent amount was previously distributed to their families for flour intake also during the weekends. In the beginning and at the end of the experiment the children’s nutritional status was evaluated, being adopted the cutoff point <-2 Z-scores as a discriminating limit between eutrophy/ malnutrition, in agreement with the World Health Organization criteria, as well as being established as a cutoff point for the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia a hemoglobin rate of less than 11g/dL. Results: At the end of this study, children recovered from chronic malnutrition, and a significant increase (p <5%) of the hemoglobin rates, independently of iron concentration, from 11.4±0.9g/dL to 12.2±0.8g/dL, was observed in all individuals. The formerly anemic children who received cassava flour fortified with 2mg of Fe/day were fully recovered at the end of the research, demonstrating a good performance of this group in relation to the others. Conclusion: A double-blind study is suggested for the consolidation of the recommendation of cassava flour fortified with iron in the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in pre-scholars of the Amazon region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impregnação supercrítica de carotenoides da torta do mesocarpo do dendê (elaeis guineensis) na farinha de mandioca (manihot esculenta crantz)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-22) TUPINAMBÁ, Renan Araújo Siqueira; CORRÊA, Nádia Cristina Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5763999772352165
Brazil is the second largest producer of manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz), with an average production of 24.6 million. This tuber is an important source of carbohydrates, being used mainly in the production of flour for human consumption. In view of this, this work investigated the enrichment capacity of manioc flour with carotenoids of palm mesocarp pie, transforming it into functional food by the use of supercritical CO2 as transfer fluid in the extraction/impregnation process. The impregnation of carotenoids from palm mesocarp cake in cassava flour was carried out using a supercritical extraction plant installed in the Laboratory of Separation Operations, located at the Federal University of Pará. The lipid content found in the palm mesocarp pie is still Considerable, about 12.83%, and this contains a carotenoid concentration of 5070.54 μg/g. The time of impregnation was the variable that showed the greatest significant difference between applied experiments, where at a time of 20 minutes the cassava flour presented more satisfactory results as the concentration of impregnated β- carotene. The impregnated oil mass and water activity of the final product were satisfactory, as the flour presented a pleasant physical appearance, as well as it’s water activity levels remained within the ideal range for the flour stability, with lower water activity values to 0.6. In this way, the enriched flour presented high capacity of impregnation of carotenoids using supercritical fluid, corroborating the fact that β-carotene presents as an excellent natural dye.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Raspadeiras de mandioca: a mulher na produção da farinha de mandioca, na Vila de São Jorge / Igarapé-Açú / PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-21) RABELO, Simone Conceição de Moura; FERNANDES, José Guilherme dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7023812449790431; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9946-4961
This paper is the result of research on women in the traditional production of manioc flour, with emphasis on the scraping of cassava, an activity carried out primarily by women. The singularity of the role of these women who live this experience aroused the interest to investigate this theme. This is a qualitative study (MINAYO, 2001), guided by field research (LAKATOS; MARCONI, 2003). Investigation mobilized by the following question: What is the importance and relevance of the role of women cassava scrapers in the exercise of their skills and knowledge? We have as a general objective: to investigate the work of women scrapers of cassava in Vila de São Jorge, Igarapé-Açu - Pará, identifying their profile; working conditions; the implications and inferences of the work of these subjects in the community. We dialogued with concepts and authors such as: Decoloniality (MIGNOLO, 2017), Woman (BEAUVOIR, 1967), Anthropy (FERNANDES; RAMOS, 2020). Our locus is the Vila de São Jorge, municipality of Igarapé-Açú, Northeast Paraense. The production of data was carried out via the following instruments: semi-structured interviews based on life stories, field notebook, visits to the production spaces, and image records. Six (6) women were interviewed, between 21 and 60 years old, based on the following criteria: being a woman manioc scraper, having this activity as the main source of income. The result of the investigation points to the expansion of the academic debate on knowledge and traditional practices, elucidating the relationships established in the production space, the protagonism, the resistance of women in their trade. The urgent need for public policies aimed at this female audience, especially for cassava scrapers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso da capoeira na extração de lenha: em três comunidades locais no pólo Rio Capim do PROAMBIENTE-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-09-14) LOPES, Barto Monteiro; MENEZES, Maria de Nazaré Angelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2943083062747137; KATO, Osvaldo Ryohei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4241891652832872
The firewood is one of essential products for the small husbandman, for being the main source heater energy, used on its daily activities. This energy is gotten from the cleared land and secondary vegetation, and are used from husbandman. The objectivities here, is to identify which the most important forest species used by producers to obtain firewood from the husbandman practices on; estimating the consumption of firewood per people; analyzing the chemical, physical and energy characteristics of firewood; and inquiring their potentialities to produce coal and condensable gases. The research was achieved in three local communities: São José do Itabocal and Fé em Deus, both are located at São Domingos do Capim and, Santa Rita community, at Mãe do Rio, all of them belong to Polo Rio Capim of PROAMBIENTE program, in the northeast of Pará. The method used was the study of multiple cases, using for that, many kind of devices, as field research: interviews, questionnaires, direct comment, field notebook, further on laboratory analysis of the physical, chemical and energy characteristics of the firewood. About the results, we can emphasize that 61,3% of husbandman, need firewood to use in the cassava flour house, where is the principal fuel used for preparing the cassava flour. Moreover, its as bigger use is in the food firing, being Itabocal the community more dependent of this heater source. Seventeen species of tree were found, that are used as fuel, emphasizing the lacre, mitaceira and ingá. The firewood consumption was gotten per people, on the order of 3,80, 3,68 and 2,51 kg/ people /day for the communities of Fé em Deus, Itabocal and Santa Rita, respectively. For the production of firewood and vegetal coal, they stood out the mitaceira and ingá based, mostly, in the apparent specific masses of the analyzed material of the related species (0,52 g/cm3 and 0,53 g/cm3, respectively) for the choice as firewood; and in the incoming in fixed carbon; for the choice of use as coal, statistics superior to the one of the third analyzed forest species (lacre), 24,15% and 23,70%, respectively. For the production of condensable gases, emphasizing the lacre (with Incoming in Condensable Gases = 44,93%), with a great potential of the use of relatives husbandman part.